CN111781239B - Efficient closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage test system - Google Patents
Efficient closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage test system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage test system, which comprises a reactor with a high-efficiency heat exchange effect, and further comprises an evaporation/condenser, a vacuum pump, a high-temperature thermostat and a low-temperature thermostat, wherein the two thermostats can control the adsorption, desorption and the storage of the thermochemical adsorption heat storage process and the heating and cooling of the evaporation/condenser in each stage through the opening and closing of a valve to complete the high-efficiency test of thermochemical heat charging and heat release. The invention has the advantages of simple structural design, visual operation, low manufacturing cost, high efficiency and convenience in testing and good safety performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a high-efficiency closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage test system.
Background
In the "twelve five" special plan for solar power generation technology development "in 2012 of the scientific and technical department," break through the application technology of solar medium-temperature heat energy in industrial energy conservation and the long-period heat storage technology of solar building heating, and demonstrate application "are listed as important development targets. The modified energy (2017) 1701 file indicates that the storage and output utilization of various forms of energy such as renewable energy electricity storage, heat storage and the like are supported in areas with prominent renewable energy consumption problems.
Energy storage research is a strategic topic of energy safety and sustainable development, where the storage and utilization of thermal energy is relevant to civil information. With the development of economy and the increase of population, the requirements of residents on the comfort level of buildings are higher and higher, and the energy consumption is increased. Statistical data shows that the energy consumption of the buildings in China accounts for about 30% of the total energy consumption of society, wherein the energy consumption of the refrigeration heating and the domestic hot water accounts for 20-30% of the total energy consumption of the buildings. For northern towns of China, only heating energy consumption accounts for 36% of total energy consumption. Thermal energy storage technology can store temporary unused or superfluous thermal energy through a certain medium and release the thermal energy for use when needed. Compared with the storage of mechanical energy and electric energy, the heat energy storage technology has the advantages of low cost, large capacity, suitability for green buildings and solar heat collectors, and the like.
The development and application of the efficient heat storage technology can solve the problem of waste heat utilization, reduce the consumption of electric power and fossil energy, and reduce the thermal pollution of the environment. The problem of mismatching of energy supply in time, space and intensity can be effectively solved, and the thermochemical heat storage is to store and release energy through the reciprocal conversion of heat energy and chemical energy by reversible chemical reaction, and the principle is as follows:
the stored solar energy can be stored in daytime and used at night; or storing in a cross-quarter mode, storing in summer and using in winter. The working principle of the thermochemical energy storage system mainly comprises three stages of heat charging, heat storage and heat release. The heat charging stage, the inorganic salt hydrate absorbs heat, and water vapor is removed from the hydrate; the heat storage stage is used for sealing and storing the dehydrated inorganic matters; the inorganic salt absorbs water vapor in the heat release stage and releases the stored heat. Because the process is reversible thermochemical reaction, the chemical heat stored and released is large, the heat storage technology has the advantages of high heat storage density which is about 10-20 times that of the traditional sensible heat storage technology and phase change latent heat technology, small heat storage loss, long-term storage, small temperature fluctuation in the heat release process, repeated use and the like, and is more and more paid attention to wide application prospect.
In order to ensure the experiment and test effect of the heat storage material, corresponding test equipment is needed, however, the existing heat storage test equipment is complex in structural design and high in manufacturing cost, and the operation process for simultaneously completing three stages of heat filling, heat storage and heat release is complex, so that test items cannot be completed quickly and accurately.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and designs a high-efficiency closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system.
The technical scheme of the invention for achieving the aim is that the high-efficiency closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage test system comprises a high-temperature thermostat, a low-temperature thermostat and an evaporation/condenser, wherein an outlet of the low-temperature thermostat is connected with a fluid inlet of a condensation pipe in the evaporation/condenser through a pipeline, a fluid outlet of the condensation pipe in the evaporation/condenser is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature thermostat through a pipeline, an outlet of the high-temperature thermostat is connected with a fluid inlet of the condensation pipe in the evaporation/condenser through a pipeline, a fluid outlet of the condensation pipe in the evaporation/condenser is connected with an inlet of the high-temperature thermostat through a pipeline,
a valve E is arranged on a pipeline connected with the fluid inlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser, a valve F is arranged on a pipeline connected with the fluid outlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser and the inlet of the cryostat, a valve C is arranged on a pipeline connected with the fluid inlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser, and a valve D is arranged on a pipeline connected with the fluid outlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser and the inlet of the cryostat;
the reactor comprises a heat-insulating box body, a visible window is arranged on the heat-insulating box body, a reactor fluid outlet and a reactor fluid inlet are arranged on the heat-insulating box body, a plurality of heat exchange structures are fixedly arranged in the heat-insulating box body, the heat exchange structures are arranged in the heat-insulating box body in sequence from front to back, and the heat exchange structures are formed by a rectangular reticular box body, a snakelike coil pipe arranged in the reticular box body and a heat storage material filled between the rectangular reticular box body and the snakelike coil pipe; the heat exchange structure is positioned at the forefront in the heat insulation box body, and one end of the serpentine coil in the heat insulation box body is connected with the fluid outlet of the reactor; the heat exchange structure is positioned at the rearmost part in the heat preservation box body, and one end of the serpentine coil in the heat preservation box body is connected with the fluid inlet of the reactor; two adjacent heat exchange structures in the heat preservation box body are connected with each other through a coil joint, wherein the coil is coiled in the heat preservation box body;
the outlets of the high-temperature thermostat and the low-temperature thermostat are connected with the fluid inlet of the reactor through pipelines, the inlets of the high-temperature thermostat and the low-temperature thermostat are connected with the fluid outlet of the reactor through pipelines, the inner cavity of the heat preservation box body is connected with the inner cavity of the evaporation/condenser through a steam pipeline, and a vacuum pump and a vacuum valve are arranged on the steam pipeline;
the high-temperature thermostat is characterized in that a valve A is arranged on a pipeline connected with the fluid inlet of the reactor, a valve B is arranged on a pipeline connected with the fluid outlet of the reactor, a valve G is arranged on a pipeline connected with the fluid inlet of the reactor, and a valve H is arranged on a pipeline connected with the fluid outlet of the reactor.
The heat storage material is an adsorption heat storage material formed by compounding a porous material and water-absorbing inorganic salt.
The porous material is one or more of expanded graphite, activated carbon or silica gel.
The water-absorbing inorganic salt is prepared by compounding strong water-absorbing inorganic salt and medium water-absorbing inorganic salt in a compounding and combining mode comprising LaCl 3 /LiCl、LaCl 3 /CaCl 2 、MgSO 4 LiCl or MgSO 4 /CaCl 2 。
The number of the heat exchange structures in the heat preservation box body is three, and the distance between two adjacent heat exchange structures is 20-30mm.
And two end ports of the serpentine coil pipe in the heat exchange structure extend out of the rectangular net-shaped box body, and the end ports of the serpentine coil pipe extending out of the rectangular net-shaped box body are connected with a coil pipe interface, a reactor fluid outlet or a reactor fluid inlet.
The distance between the rectangular net-shaped box body and the inner surface of the heat preservation box body is kept between 10 and 20 mm.
A thermocouple is arranged at the steam inlet of the evaporator/condenser, thermocouples are arranged at the fluid outlet of a condensing pipe and the fluid inlet of the condensing pipe of the evaporator/condenser, and a pressure sensor for detecting the internal air pressure of the detector is also arranged on the evaporator/condenser; thermocouples are arranged at the fluid outlet of the reactor and the fluid inlet of the reactor, a thermocouple for detecting the internal temperature of the thermal insulation box body and a pressure sensor for detecting the internal pressure of the thermal insulation box body are also arranged on the thermal insulation box body, and the thermocouples and the pressure sensors are both connected with a data acquisition instrument and transmit signals to the data acquisition instrument.
Liquid flow meters are arranged at the outlets of the low-temperature thermostat and the high-temperature thermostat, and are connected with the data acquisition instrument and transmit signals to the data acquisition instrument.
The data acquisition instrument is connected with a computer.
Advantageous effects
The high-efficiency closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage test system manufactured by the technical scheme has the following advantages:
(1) The heat storage equipment is simple and easy: only two temperature control devices of the high-temperature thermostat and the low-temperature thermostat are arranged, the heating and cooling processes of the reactor and the evaporation/condenser are controlled through the opening and closing of the valve and the pipeline, and the heat filling, storing and releasing processes are completed;
(2) The energy efficiency test of the heat storage working medium is convenient: the heat-storage material can conveniently and accurately test the performance parameters such as heat charge and heat release, heat storage density and the like through the closed circulation, each temperature sensor and the liquid level test line of the evaporator/condenser;
(3) The reactor has simple structure, can fix the heat storage material to prevent falling off, can greatly increase the heat exchange area, and has good heat exchange effect;
(4) The structural stability is good: the thermochemical adsorption heat storage motionless component adopts solid-gas adsorption, has simple and stable structure and better shock resistance;
(5) The safety is higher: the heat storage material is inorganic salt/porous material, the gas absorbing material is water vapor, and both the heat storage material and the gas absorbing material are nontoxic and harmless to the environment;
(6) The application range is wide: the rural house has large area and low floor, the roof can be used as a place for collecting solar energy, and the solar panel can also play a role in keeping warm for rooms; the low-temperature waste heat can be suitable for various factories to heat/heat water in plant dormitories;
(7) The manufacturing cost is economical: the heat storage material is inorganic salt/porous material, has wide sources and low price, can be recycled, and meets the economic conditions of most ordinary families;
(8) The operation energy consumption is low: the thermochemical adsorption heat storage device can utilize solar energy or low-temperature waste heat as a heat source, and meets the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction advocated by China.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high efficiency closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the efficient closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage test system of the invention with thermocouples, liquid flow meters, data acquisition instruments and computers removed
FIG. 3 is a front view of the heat exchange structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a right side view of the heat exchange structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of a heat exchange structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the serpentine coil of the present invention disposed within a rectangular mesh tank; in the figure, 1, a high temperature thermostat; 2. a cryostat; 3. an evaporator/condenser; 4. a condenser tube fluid inlet; 5. a condenser tube fluid outlet; 6. a valve E; 7. a valve F; 8. a valve C; 9. a valve D; 10. a reactor; 11. a thermal insulation box body; 12. a reactor fluid outlet; 13. a reactor fluid inlet; 14. a rectangular mesh box; 15. a serpentine coil; 16. a heat storage material; 17. a steam pipe; 18. a vacuum pump; 19. a vacuum valve; 20. a valve A; 21. a valve B; 22. a valve G; 23. a valve H; 24. a data acquisition instrument; 25. and a computer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, and the present application is invented in that the whole apparatus is composed of a reactor, an evaporator/condenser, a cold and heat source system, etc. The heat exchange structure is characterized in that the core component is a heat exchange structure in the reactor, the heat exchange structure is a modularized heat storage structure, the heat storage structure is in a cuboid shape, the periphery of the heat storage structure is wrapped with a leakage-proof net, heat storage materials are filled in the heat storage structure, and a serpentine coiled heat exchanger is arranged in the reactor for conveniently heating the heat storage materials so as to increase the heat exchange area and reduce the heat resistance in the heat conversion process.
The whole device is a closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage system, and can effectively utilize solar energy to store heat in a cross-quarter or short period and store industrial waste heat; inorganic salt is used as heat storage material, and porous medium material may be added for stability and agglomeration prevention. The closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system designed in the design can complete three processes of heat charging, heat storage and heat release, accurately measure the heat absorbed or released in each stage, and can carry out system analysis and test on the heat storage performance of different heat storage materials.
In the implementation process, the outlet of the cryostat is connected with the fluid inlet 4 of the condensation pipe in the evaporator/condenser through a pipeline, the fluid outlet 5 of the condensation pipe in the evaporator/condenser is connected with the inlet of the cryostat through a pipeline, the outlet of the high-temperature thermostat is connected with the fluid inlet of the condensation pipe in the evaporator/condenser through a pipeline, the fluid outlet of the condensation pipe in the evaporator/condenser is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature thermostat through a pipeline,
a valve E6 is arranged on a pipeline connected with the fluid inlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser, a valve F7 is arranged on a pipeline connected with the fluid outlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser and the inlet of the cryostat, a valve C8 is arranged on a pipeline connected with the fluid inlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser, and a valve D9 is arranged on a pipeline connected with the fluid outlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser and the inlet of the cryostat;
the reactor also comprises a reactor 10, wherein the reactor comprises an insulation box 11, a visual window is arranged on the insulation box, a reactor fluid outlet 12 and a reactor fluid inlet 13 are arranged on the insulation box, a plurality of heat exchange structures are fixedly arranged in the insulation box, the heat exchange structures are arranged in the insulation box in sequence from front to back, and the heat exchange structures are formed by a rectangular reticular box 14, a serpentine coil 15 arranged in the reticular box and a heat storage material 16 filled between the rectangular reticular box and the serpentine coil; the heat exchange structure is positioned at the forefront in the heat insulation box body, and one end of the serpentine coil in the heat insulation box body is connected with the fluid outlet of the reactor; the heat exchange structure is positioned at the rearmost part in the heat preservation box body, and one end of the serpentine coil in the heat preservation box body is connected with the fluid inlet of the reactor; two adjacent heat exchange structures in the heat preservation box body are connected with each other through a coil joint, wherein the coil is coiled in the heat preservation box body;
the outlets of the high-temperature thermostat and the low-temperature thermostat are connected with the fluid inlet of the reactor through pipelines, the inlets of the high-temperature thermostat and the low-temperature thermostat are connected with the fluid outlet of the reactor through pipelines, the inner cavity of the heat preservation box body is connected with the inner cavity of the evaporator/condenser through a steam pipeline 17, and a vacuum pump 18 and a vacuum valve 19 are arranged on the steam pipeline;
the valve A20 is arranged on a pipeline connected with the reactor fluid inlet at the outlet of the high-temperature thermostat, the valve B21 is arranged on a pipeline connected with the reactor fluid outlet at the inlet of the high-temperature thermostat, the valve G22 is arranged on a pipeline connected with the reactor fluid inlet at the outlet of the low-temperature thermostat, and the valve H23 is arranged on a pipeline connected with the reactor fluid outlet at the inlet of the low-temperature thermostat.
The electronic device adopted by the technical scheme comprises:
and (3) a computer: a desktop computer can be selected;
data acquisition instrument: the existing data acquisition instrument with the function of acquiring pressure signals and temperature signals can be selected;
thermocouple, pressure sensor, liquid flowmeter: the existing products can be selected, and the application has no special requirement on the components;
vacuum pump and vacuum valve: the requirements of conveying a steam pipe and maintaining a vacuum environment can be met, and the vacuum pump and the vacuum valve used in the method are all purchased with the existing products;
in the implementation process of the technical scheme, the person skilled in the art needs to connect all the electric components in the scheme with the adaptive power supply thereof through wires, and should select an appropriate controller according to actual conditions so as to meet control requirements, specific connection and control sequence, and the electric connection is completed by referring to the following working principles in the working sequence among the electric components, and the detailed connection means are known in the art, and mainly introduce the working principles and the process as follows, and do not describe the electric control.
In this technical scheme, the reactor, as shown in fig. 2, 3, 4, comprises three-layer hexahedral rectangle netted case, parcel leak protection net, installs the snakelike coil pipe in the case, makes things convenient for hot fluid business turn over, and netted case top can be opened, conveniently fills heat storage material in, and hot fluid carries out heat exchange with heat storage material through snakelike coil pipe. The three-layer box body is of independent design, and gaps of 25mm are formed between the three layers, so that gas can enter and be discharged conveniently, and the three-layer box body is connected through a joint of the coil pipe. The serpentine coil in the reactor adopts copper pipes, heat exchange fluid is filled in the pipes, heat storage materials are filled outside the pipes and in the net-shaped box, the periphery of the box body is designed to be a leakage-proof net, the loaded heat storage materials are prevented from leaking, and gas can be well introduced; the hot fluid in the copper pipe exchanges heat with the heat storage material during heat charging, moisture is desorbed from the heat storage material after the heat storage material absorbs heat, and the dry heat storage material stores heat through sealing; during heat release, the water vapor enters the reactor and is adsorbed by the dry heat storage material, the heat is released by the combination reaction, and the fluid in the copper pipe and the heat storage material perform heat exchange to output the heat.
The water vapor released when the heat storage material in the reactor absorbs heat is condensed in the visible evaporator/condenser with scales; closing a valve of a pipeline between the reactor and the evaporation/condenser during heat storage, and carrying out lossless heat storage; the evaporator/condenser provides water vapor for the reactor to carry out chemical combination reaction during heat release, and releases heat.
The high-temperature thermostat is a heating device for supplying stored heat to a heat storage material in the heat storage device in a heat storage process; and to provide heat for the formation of water vapor within the evaporator/condenser.
The cryostat is a cooling device and is used for cooling the evaporation/condenser in the heating stage, cooling the vapor evaporated from the reactor and facilitating the measurement of dehydration; the reactor is cooled in the heat storage stage, so that the cooling time is shortened; the reactor is cooled in the heat release stage, so that the reaction is accelerated.
In the technical scheme of the application, a snakelike copper pipe is arranged in the reactor, high-temperature hot fluid provided by a high-temperature thermostat is fed in the copper pipe, the periphery of the pipe is filled with heat storage materials, as shown in fig. 2, the space between the two pipes is filled with solidified adsorbent, and the corresponding mass transfer distance is half of the thickness of the adsorbent. The reactor adopts the leakage-proof net to load the heat storage material, so that the solidified heat storage material can be prevented from being damaged by vibration or falling off particles caused by collision, and the material can be fixed; and the smooth circulation of the water vapor can be ensured, and the contact area between the heat storage material and the water vapor is increased.
A vacuum pump is arranged at the steam outlet end of the reactor, vacuum degree is provided for the reactor in the heat storage stage and the heat release stage, and evaporation of water is accelerated; a vacuum valve is arranged between the vacuum pump and the evaporation/condenser, and can block heat exchange between the reactor and the evaporation/condenser, thereby being beneficial to lossless heat storage.
The inlet and outlet fluid pipelines of the reactor are respectively provided with 1 thermocouple, so that the temperature change of the fluid caused by heat absorption and release in the reactor in the heat charging stage and the heat release stage can be detected; the inside of the reactor is provided with 1 thermocouple, so that the temperature change of the heat release process and the temperature change of the heat storage process generated by the influence of the water vapor in the reactor 2 on the thermochemical reaction can be observed; a thermocouple is arranged in the evaporation/condenser, the temperature of the water vapor entering the reactor from the evaporation/condenser for chemical combination reaction is measured, and the temperature of the water vapor entering the evaporation/condenser during heat release of the reactor is measured; thermocouples are installed at the fluid inlet and outlet of the evaporator/condenser to observe the temperature change caused by the heat/cold of the fluid consumed to cool and heat the material in the evaporator/condenser. Pressure sensors are respectively arranged in the reactor and the evaporation/condenser, and the pressure changes of the reactor and the evaporation/condenser in four periods of heat charging, heat storage, heat release and cooling are observed. Liquid flow meters are mounted on the outlet pipes of the cryostats and cryostats to measure the flow of heating/cooling fluid.
The adsorbent is a composite adsorption heat storage material obtained by compounding porous materials and water-absorbing inorganic salts. The porous material is one or more of expanded graphite, activated carbon or silica gel and the like; the water-absorbing inorganic salt is prepared by compounding strong water-absorbing inorganic salt and medium water-absorbing inorganic salt by using LaCl 3 /LiCl，LaCl 3 /CaCl 2 ，MgSO 4 LiCl and MgSO 4 /CaCl 2 And compounding with porous material.
The working principle of the application is introduced as follows:
the working process of the system comprises three stages:
(1) And (3) a heat filling process: valve A, B, E, F and vacuum valve are opened, and the other C, D, G, H valves are closed; the method comprises the steps that a hot fluid in a high-temperature thermostat heats a reactor through valves A and B, inorganic salt hydrate is heated and desorbed, water molecules generated by desorption leave the reactor, the absorbed heat is stored in a dry adsorbent along with heat input, and the charged heat is tested through a temperature sensor and a flow tester on a fluid pipeline at an inlet and an outlet of the reactor; the water vapor desorbed by the adsorption heat storage material enters a visualized evaporator/condenser, and the cryostat cools the evaporator/condenser through a valve E, F to condense the water vapor into liquid, so as to test the change height of the liquid level (the measurement accuracy is 1 mm); until the charging is finished, closing the valve A, B, E, F and the vacuum valve;
(2) And (3) heat storage process: the valve G, H is opened, the other valves are closed, a vacuum pump is opened, the reactor is vacuumized, and the nondestructive storage of heat is carried out; the cryostat accelerates the cooling of the reactor, and closes the valve G, H after reaching normal temperature;
(3) The heat release process is as follows: opening valve C, D, opening valve G, H and vacuum valve, and closing the rest of the valves; the high temperature thermostat heats the water in the evaporator/condenser through a valve C, D, and rapidly evaporates water vapor under low pressure; the heat storage material and the vapor released from the evaporator/condenser are subjected to adsorption reaction, the process is accompanied by release of heat, the cryostat cools the reactor through the valve G, H, the temperature rise of the inlet and outlet liquid is measured through the thermocouple on the fluid inlet and outlet pipeline of the reactor, and the released heat is calculated by combining with the flowmeter until the heat release is finished.
Preferably, the heat storage material is an adsorption heat storage material formed by compounding a porous material and a water-absorbing inorganic salt.
Preferably, the porous material is one or more of expanded graphite, activated carbon or silica gel.
Preferably, the water-absorbing inorganic salt is selected from the group consisting of strong water-absorbing inorganic salt and medium water-absorbing inorganic salt, and the combination mode of the combination comprises LaCl 3 /LiCl、LaCl 3 /CaCl 2 、MgSO 4 LiCl or MgSO 4 /CaCl 2 。
As an optimal scheme, the number of the heat exchange structures in the heat preservation box body is three, and the distance between two adjacent heat exchange structures is 20-30mm, preferably 25mm.
Preferably, the two end ports of the serpentine coil in the heat exchange structure extend out of the rectangular net-shaped box body, and the port of the serpentine coil extending out of the rectangular net-shaped box body is connected with the coil interface, the reactor fluid outlet or the reactor fluid inlet.
As a preferable scheme, a distance of 10-20mm is kept between the rectangular net-shaped box body and the inner surface of the heat preservation box body, a distance of 20mm is kept between the rectangular net-shaped box body and the upper and lower surfaces of the heat preservation box body, and a distance of 10mm is kept between the rectangular net-shaped box body and the side surface of the heat preservation box body.
As a preferable scheme, a thermocouple is arranged at the steam inlet of the evaporator/condenser, thermocouples are arranged at the fluid outlet of a condensing pipe and the fluid inlet of the condensing pipe of the evaporator/condenser, and a pressure sensor for detecting the internal air pressure of the detector is also arranged on the evaporator/condenser; thermocouples are arranged at the fluid outlet and the fluid inlet of the reactor, a thermocouple for detecting the internal temperature of the thermal insulation box body and a pressure sensor for detecting the internal pressure of the thermal insulation box body are also arranged on the thermal insulation box body, and the thermocouples and the pressure sensors are connected with a data acquisition instrument and transmit signals to the data acquisition instrument 24.
As a preferable scheme, the outlet of the cryostat and the outlet of the high-temperature thermostat are respectively provided with a liquid flowmeter, and the liquid flowmeter is connected with the data acquisition instrument and transmits signals to the data acquisition instrument.
Preferably, the data acquisition device is further connected with a computer 25.
Example 2
The high-temperature thermostat can be replaced by industrial waste heat, the low-temperature thermostat can be replaced by domestic water or municipal heating water to be heated, and cross-season heat energy storage is performed; in this case, the cryostat may not be activated during the charging phase, and the cryostat may not be activated during both the heat storage phase and the heat release phase.
Waste heat utilization is mainly power generation, but the technology of low-temperature waste heat (below 350 ℃) power generation is relatively backward. The low-temperature waste heat in China accounts for about 60% of the total amount of the waste heat, and the thermochemical adsorption heat storage system operates in a short-term heat storage mode by utilizing the low-temperature waste heat. The charging process is performed during the low-grade waste heat supply period, and the heat release mode is operated during a period when a user or municipal has a heating/hot water demand. The system realizes the efficient utilization of industrial waste heat. Otherwise, the same as in example 1 was used.
Example 3
The high-temperature thermostat is replaced by a solar heat collector as a heat source, and the low-temperature thermostat is replaced by domestic water to be heated for cross-season heat energy storage; in this case, the cryostat may not be activated during the charging phase, and the cryostat may not be activated during both the heat storage phase and the heat release phase.
The use of the cross-season heat storage technology, which stores sufficient solar heat energy in spring, summer and autumn for winter heating/hot water, is an important mode of maximizing the use of solar energy to improve the energy saving benefit of the building and realize the emission reduction target, and is becoming an important development direction of the solar heating/hot water technology. In a higher temperature range which is easy to reach by the solar heat collector in summer, the heat storage material can fully absorb heat to generate two products which are easy to separate, namely water and inorganic salt, so as to realize the storage of solar radiation heat. Under the condition of lower temperature in winter, the two separated products of the heat storage reaction can fully carry out the chemical combination reaction, realize the cyclic regeneration of the heat storage material, release heat in the process and be used for building heating/hot water. Otherwise, the same as in example 1 was used.
Example 4
The high-temperature thermostat is replaced by a solar heat collector as a heat source, the low-temperature thermostat is replaced by domestic water to be heated, and heat is stored in the daytime and released at night; at the moment, the cryostat is not started in the heat charging stage, and the heat storage stage is omitted due to short time; the heat release phase may not activate the cryostat.
For example, in Tibet and Xinjiang areas, spring, summer and autumn are sufficient in sunshine, the difference between day and night is the characteristic of weather, the common temperature difference is about 12 ℃, and the daily temperature difference in desert Gobi areas can reach 20-25 ℃. The sweat is swayed in the daytime as rain, cotton quilts are covered at night, and the sweat undergoes cold and summer heat changes within one day. The invention is a closed thermochemical heat storage system, water and inorganic salt are all recycled substances, the climate type of the area can be well utilized, desorption reaction is carried out in the daytime to charge solar energy, and chemical combination reaction is carried out at night to release heat. Otherwise, the same as in example 1 was used.
It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation. The term "comprising" an element defined by the term "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above technical solution only represents the preferred technical solution of the present invention, and some changes that may be made by those skilled in the art to some parts of the technical solution represent the principles of the present invention, and the technical solution falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An efficient closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage test system comprises a high temperature thermostat (1), a low temperature thermostat (2) and an evaporation/condenser (3), wherein an outlet of the low temperature thermostat is connected with a fluid inlet (4) of a condensation pipe in the evaporation/condenser through a pipeline, a fluid outlet (5) of the condensation pipe in the evaporation/condenser is connected with an inlet of the low temperature thermostat through a pipeline, an outlet of the high temperature thermostat is connected with a fluid inlet of the condensation pipe in the evaporation/condenser through a pipeline, a fluid outlet of the condensation pipe in the evaporation/condenser is connected with an inlet of the high temperature thermostat through a pipeline,
a valve E (6) is arranged on a pipeline of the outlet of the low-temperature thermostat connected with the fluid inlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser, a valve F (7) is arranged on a pipeline of the fluid outlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser connected with the inlet of the low-temperature thermostat, a valve C (8) is arranged on a pipeline of the outlet of the high-temperature thermostat connected with the fluid inlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser, and a valve D (9) is arranged on a pipeline of the fluid outlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser connected with the inlet of the high-temperature thermostat;
the reactor also comprises a reactor (10), the reactor comprises a heat preservation box body (11), a visual window is arranged on the heat preservation box body, a reactor fluid outlet (12) and a reactor fluid inlet (13) are arranged on the heat preservation box body, a plurality of heat exchange structures are fixedly arranged in the heat preservation box body, the heat exchange structures are arranged in the heat preservation box body according to the sequence from front to back, and the heat exchange structures are formed by a rectangular reticular box body (14), a snakelike coil pipe (15) arranged in the reticular box body and a heat storage material (16) filled between the rectangular reticular box body and the snakelike coil pipe; the heat exchange structure is positioned at the forefront in the heat insulation box body, and one end of the serpentine coil in the heat insulation box body is connected with the fluid outlet of the reactor; the heat exchange structure is positioned at the rearmost part in the heat preservation box body, and one end of the serpentine coil in the heat preservation box body is connected with the fluid inlet of the reactor; two adjacent heat exchange structures in the heat preservation box body are connected with each other through a coil joint, wherein the coil is coiled in the heat preservation box body;
the outlets of the high-temperature thermostat and the low-temperature thermostat are connected with the fluid inlet of the reactor through pipelines, the inlets of the high-temperature thermostat and the low-temperature thermostat are connected with the fluid outlet of the reactor through pipelines, the inner cavity of the heat preservation box body is connected with the inner cavity of the evaporation/condenser through a steam pipeline (17), and a vacuum pump (18) and a vacuum valve (19) are arranged on the steam pipeline;
a valve A (20) is arranged on a pipeline connected with the outlet of the high-temperature thermostat and the fluid inlet of the reactor, a valve B (21) is arranged on a pipeline connected with the inlet of the high-temperature thermostat and the fluid outlet of the reactor, a valve G (22) is arranged on a pipeline connected with the outlet of the low-temperature thermostat and the fluid inlet of the reactor, and a valve H (23) is arranged on a pipeline connected with the inlet of the low-temperature thermostat and the fluid outlet of the reactor.
The heat storage material is an adsorption heat storage material formed by compounding a porous material and water-absorbing inorganic salt.
The porous material is one or more of expanded graphite, activated carbon or silica gel.
The water-absorbing inorganic salt is prepared by compounding strong water-absorbing inorganic salt and medium water-absorbing inorganic salt, wherein the compounding and combining mode comprises LaCl3/LiCl, laCl3/CaCl2, mgSO4/LiCl or MgSO4/CaCl2.
2. The efficient closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system according to claim 1, wherein the number of the heat exchange structures in the heat preservation box body is three, and the distance between two adjacent heat exchange structures is 20-30mm.
3. The efficient closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system according to claim 2, wherein the two end ports of the serpentine coil in the heat exchange structure extend out of the rectangular net-shaped box body, and the serpentine coil port extending out of the rectangular net-shaped box body is connected with the coil interface, the reactor fluid outlet or the reactor fluid inlet.
4. A high efficiency closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system according to claim 3 wherein the rectangular net-shaped box is kept at a distance of 10-20mm from the inner surface of the incubator.
5. The efficient closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage test system according to claim 1 wherein thermocouples are installed at the steam inlet of the evaporator/condenser, thermocouples are installed at the fluid outlet of the condenser tube and the fluid inlet of the condenser tube, and a pressure sensor for detecting the internal air pressure of the evaporator/condenser is also installed on the evaporator/condenser; thermocouples are arranged at the fluid outlet of the reactor and the fluid inlet of the reactor, a thermocouple for detecting the internal temperature of the thermal insulation box body and a pressure sensor for detecting the internal pressure of the thermal insulation box body are also arranged on the thermal insulation box body, and the thermocouples and the pressure sensors are connected with a data acquisition instrument (24) and transmit signals to the data acquisition instrument.
6. The efficient closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system according to claim 5, wherein the outlets of the cryostat and the high-temperature thermostat are respectively provided with a liquid flowmeter, and the liquid flowmeter is connected with the data acquisition instrument and transmits signals to the data acquisition instrument.
7. A high efficiency closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage test system according to any of claims 5 or 6 wherein the data acquisition instrument is connected to a computer (25).
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