CN111781239A - Efficient closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system - Google Patents
Efficient closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system which comprises a reactor with an efficient heat exchange effect, an evaporator/condenser, a vacuum pump, a high-temperature thermostat and a low-temperature thermostat, wherein the two thermostats can control the adsorption, desorption and storage of the thermochemical adsorption heat storage process through the opening and closing of valves, and the temperature rise and the temperature fall of the reactor and the evaporator/condenser at each stage to finish the efficient testing of thermochemical heat charging and releasing. The invention has the advantages of simple structural design, visual operation, low manufacturing cost, high efficiency and convenience in test and good safety performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to a high-efficiency closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system.
Background
The research on energy storage is a strategic subject of energy safety and sustainable development, wherein the storage and utilization of thermal energy are closely related to the information of the people. With the development of economy and the increase of population, the requirement of residents on the comfort level of buildings is higher and higher, and the energy consumption is increased. The statistical data shows that the energy consumption of buildings in China accounts for about 30% of the total social energy consumption, wherein the energy consumption of refrigerating and heating and domestic hot water accounts for 20-30% of the total energy consumption of the buildings. For northern towns in China, the energy consumption of heating only accounts for 36% of the total energy consumption. The thermal energy storage technology can store temporarily unused or redundant thermal energy through a certain medium and release the stored thermal energy for utilization when needed. Compared with the storage of mechanical energy and electric energy, the heat energy storage technology has the advantages of low cost, large capacity, suitability for green buildings and solar heat collectors, and the like.
The development and application of the high-efficiency heat storage technology can solve the problem of waste heat utilization, reduce the consumption of electric power and fossil energy and also reduce the thermal pollution of the environment. And can effectively solve the unmatched problem of energy supply in time, space and intensity, thermochemistry heat-retaining is through reversible chemical reaction, carries out energy storage and release through heat energy and the interconversion of chemical energy, and its principle is as follows:
the solar energy can be stored in the daytime and used at night; or the storage in the season of crossing the seasons, the storage in the summer and the use in the winter. The working principle of the thermochemical energy storage system mainly comprises three stages of heat charging, heat storage and heat release. In the heat charging stage, inorganic salt hydrate absorbs heat, and water vapor is removed from the hydrate; in the heat storage stage, the dehydrated inorganic substances are sealed and stored; in the heat release stage, the inorganic salt absorbs water vapor and releases the stored heat. As the process is reversible thermochemical reaction, the chemical heat quantity stored and released is large, the heat storage technology has the advantages of high heat storage density which is 10-20 times of that of the traditional sensible heat storage technology and phase change latent heat technology, small heat storage loss, long-term storage, small temperature fluctuation in the heat release process, reusability and the like, so that the heat storage technology is more and more emphasized and has wide application prospect.
In order to ensure the experiment and test effect of the heat storage material, corresponding test equipment is needed, however, the existing heat storage test equipment is complex in structural design and high in manufacturing cost, and the operation process for simultaneously completing three stages of heat charging, heat storage and heat release is complex, so that the test project cannot be completed quickly and accurately.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and designs an efficient closed thermal chemical adsorption heat storage testing system.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the high-efficiency closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system comprises a high-temperature thermostat, a low-temperature thermostat and an evaporation/condenser, wherein the outlet of the low-temperature thermostat is connected with the fluid inlet of a condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser through a pipeline, the fluid outlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature thermostat through a pipeline, the outlet of the high-temperature thermostat is connected with the fluid inlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser through a pipeline, the fluid outlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporation/condenser is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature thermostat through a pipeline,
a valve E is arranged on a pipeline connecting an outlet of the low-temperature thermostat with a fluid inlet of a condensing pipe in the evaporator/condenser, a valve F is arranged on a pipeline connecting the fluid outlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporator/condenser with an inlet of the low-temperature thermostat, a valve C is arranged on a pipeline connecting the outlet of the high-temperature thermostat with the fluid inlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporator/condenser, and a valve D is arranged on a pipeline connecting the fluid outlet of the condensing pipe in the evaporator/condenser with the inlet of the high-temperature thermostat;
the reactor comprises a heat preservation box body, a visible window is arranged on the heat preservation box body, a reactor fluid outlet and a reactor fluid inlet are arranged on the heat preservation box body, a plurality of heat exchange structures are fixedly installed in the heat preservation box body and are arranged in the heat preservation box body in sequence from front to back, and each heat exchange structure is composed of a rectangular net-shaped box body, a serpentine coil pipe installed in the net-shaped box body and a heat storage material filled between the rectangular net-shaped box body and the serpentine coil pipe; the heat exchange structure is positioned at the forefront in the heat-preservation box body, and one end of the snakelike coil pipe in the heat-preservation box body is connected with a fluid outlet of the reactor; the heat exchange structure is positioned at the rearmost part in the heat-insulating box body, and one end of the serpentine coil in the heat-insulating box body is connected with a fluid inlet of the reactor; the snakelike coil pipes in the two adjacent heat exchange structures in the heat insulation box body are connected through a coil pipe joint;
outlets of the high-temperature thermostat and the low-temperature thermostat are connected with a fluid inlet of the reactor through pipelines, inlets of the high-temperature thermostat and the low-temperature thermostat are connected with a fluid outlet of the reactor through pipelines, an inner cavity of the heat preservation box is connected with an inner cavity of the evaporation/condenser through a steam pipeline, and a vacuum pump and a vacuum valve are installed on the steam pipeline;
the pipeline that the export of high temperature thermostat and reactor fluid entry linkage goes up installation valve A, install valve B on the pipeline that high temperature thermostat entry and reactor fluid exit linkage, install valve G on the pipeline that low temperature thermostat export and reactor fluid entry linkage, install valve H on the pipeline that low temperature thermostat entry and reactor fluid exit linkage.
The heat storage material is an adsorption heat storage material compounded by a porous material and water-absorbing inorganic salt.
The porous material is one or a plurality of expanded graphite, activated carbon or silica gel.
The water-absorbing inorganic salt is selected from the compound of inorganic salt with strong water absorption and inorganic salt with medium water absorption, and the compound combination mode comprises LaCl3/LiCl、LaCl3/CaCl2、MgSO4/LiCl or MgSO4/CaCl2。
The number of the heat exchange structures in the heat-preservation box body is three, and the distance between every two adjacent heat exchange structures is 20-30 mm.
Ports at two ends of the serpentine coil in the heat exchange structure extend out of the rectangular net-shaped box body, and the ports of the serpentine coil extending out of the rectangular net-shaped box body are connected with a coil interface, a reactor fluid outlet or a reactor fluid inlet.
The rectangular reticular box body and the inner surface of the heat preservation box body keep a distance of 10-20 mm.
A steam inlet of the evaporation/condenser is provided with a thermocouple, a condenser pipe fluid outlet and a condenser pipe fluid inlet of the evaporation/condenser are provided with thermocouples, and the evaporation/condenser is also provided with a pressure sensor for detecting the internal air pressure of the detector; thermocouples are arranged at the fluid outlet and the fluid inlet of the reactor, a thermocouple for detecting the internal temperature and a pressure sensor for detecting the internal pressure are also arranged on the heat preservation box body, and the thermocouple and the pressure sensor are connected with the data acquisition instrument and transmit signals to the data acquisition instrument.
And liquid flow meters are arranged at outlets of the low-temperature thermostat and the high-temperature thermostat, and are connected with the data acquisition instrument and transmit signals to the data acquisition instrument.
The data acquisition instrument is connected with a computer.
Advantageous effects
The high-efficiency closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system manufactured by the technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
(1) the heat storage equipment is simple and easy: only two temperature control devices, namely a high-temperature thermostat and a low-temperature thermostat, are installed, the heating and cooling processes of the reactor and the evaporator/condenser are controlled by opening and closing a valve and a pipeline, and the processes of filling, storing and releasing heat are completed;
(2) the energy efficiency test of the heat storage working medium is convenient: through closed circulation, each temperature sensor and a liquid level test line of the evaporator/condenser, performance parameters such as heat charging quantity, heat releasing quantity, heat storage density and the like of the heat storage material can be conveniently and accurately tested;
(3) the reactor has simple structure, not only can fix the heat storage material to prevent the heat storage material from falling off, but also can greatly increase the heat exchange area and has good heat exchange effect;
(4) the structural stability is good: the thermochemical adsorption heat storage no-motion part adopts solid-gas adsorption, and has simple and stable structure and better anti-seismic performance;
(5) the safety is higher: the heat storage material is inorganic salt/porous material, the gas absorbing substance is water vapor, and the two are both non-toxic and harmless to the environment;
(6) the application range is wide: the rural house area is large, the floor is low, the roof can be used as a place for collecting solar energy, and the solar panel can also play a role in keeping warm for a room; the low-temperature waste heat can be suitable for heating/hot water requirements of factory dormitories of various types of factories;
(7) the manufacturing cost is economical: the heat storage material is inorganic salt/porous material, has wide source and low price, can be recycled, and meets the economic condition of most common families;
(8) the operation energy consumption is low: the thermochemical adsorption heat storage device can use solar energy or low-temperature waste heat as a heat source, and meets the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction advocated in China.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the closed thermal chemical adsorption heat storage testing system without the thermocouple, the liquid flow meter, the data collector and the computer
FIG. 3 is a front view of the heat exchange structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a right side view of the heat exchange structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the heat exchange structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the serpentine coil of the present invention disposed within a rectangular mesh box; in the figure, 1, a high-temperature thermostat; 2. a cryostat; 3. an evaporator/condenser; 4. a condenser tube fluid inlet; 5. a condenser tube fluid outlet; 6. a valve E; 7. a valve F; 8. a valve C; 9. a valve D; 10. a reactor; 11. a heat preservation box body; 12. a reactor fluid outlet; 13. a reactor fluid inlet; 14. a rectangular mesh box body; 15. a serpentine coil; 16. a heat storage material; 17. a steam line; 18. a vacuum pump; 19. a vacuum valve; 20. a valve A; 21. a valve B; 22. a valve G; 23. a valve H; 24. a data acquisition instrument; 25. a computer.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, and as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention is based on the idea that the whole apparatus is composed of a reactor, an evaporator/condenser, a cold and heat source system, and the like. The heat exchange structure in the reactor is a modularized heat storage structure, the shape of the modularized heat storage structure is a cuboid, a leakage-proof net is wrapped on the periphery of the modularized heat storage structure, heat storage materials are filled in the modularized heat storage structure, and a coiled heat exchanger is arranged in the reactor in order to increase the heat exchange area and reduce the heat resistance in the heat conversion process.
The whole device is a closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage system, and can effectively utilize solar energy to carry out seasonal heat storage or short-term heat storage and heat storage on industrial waste heat; inorganic salt is used as a heat storage material, and a porous medium material can be added for enhancing the stability and preventing agglomeration. The closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage test system designed at this time can complete three processes of heat charging, heat storage and heat release, accurately measure the heat absorbed or released at each stage, and perform system analysis test on the heat storage performance of different heat storage materials.
In the specific implementation process, the outlet of the low-temperature thermostat is connected with the fluid inlet 4 of the condensing tube in the evaporator/condenser through a pipeline, the fluid outlet 5 of the condensing tube in the evaporator/condenser is connected with the inlet of the low-temperature thermostat through a pipeline, the outlet of the high-temperature thermostat is connected with the fluid inlet of the condensing tube in the evaporator/condenser through a pipeline, the fluid outlet of the condensing tube in the evaporator/condenser is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature thermostat through a pipeline,
a valve E6 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the outlet of the low-temperature thermostat with the fluid inlet of the condensing tube in the evaporator/condenser, a valve F7 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the fluid outlet of the condensing tube in the evaporator/condenser with the inlet of the low-temperature thermostat, a valve C8 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the outlet of the high-temperature thermostat with the fluid inlet of the condensing tube in the evaporator/condenser, and a valve D9 is arranged on a pipeline connecting the fluid outlet of the condensing tube in the evaporator/condenser with the inlet of the high-temperature thermostat;
the reactor comprises a reactor 10, the reactor comprises a heat insulation box body 11, a visible window is arranged on the heat insulation box body, a reactor fluid outlet 12 and a reactor fluid inlet 13 are arranged on the heat insulation box body, a plurality of heat exchange structures are fixedly arranged in the heat insulation box body, the heat exchange structures are arranged in the heat insulation box body from front to back, and each heat exchange structure is composed of a rectangular reticular box body 14, a serpentine coil 15 arranged in the reticular box body and a heat storage material 16 filled between the rectangular reticular box body and the serpentine coil; the heat exchange structure is positioned at the forefront in the heat-insulating box body, and one end of the snakelike coil pipe in the heat-insulating box body is connected with a fluid outlet of the reactor; the heat exchange structure is positioned at the rearmost part in the heat insulation box body, and one end of a serpentine coil in the heat insulation box body is connected with a fluid inlet of the reactor; the snakelike coil pipes in the two adjacent heat exchange structures in the heat insulation box body are connected through coil pipe joints;
outlets of the high-temperature thermostat and the low-temperature thermostat are connected with a fluid inlet of the reactor through pipelines, inlets of the high-temperature thermostat and the low-temperature thermostat are connected with a fluid outlet of the reactor through pipelines, an inner cavity of the heat preservation box body is connected with an inner cavity of the evaporation/condenser through a steam pipeline 17, and a vacuum pump 18 and a vacuum valve 19 are installed on the steam pipeline;
the pipeline that the export of high temperature thermostat and reactor fluid entry linkage goes up installation valve A20, install valve B21 on the pipeline that high temperature thermostat entry and reactor fluid exit linkage, install valve G22 on the pipeline that low temperature thermostat export and reactor fluid entry linkage, install valve H23 on the pipeline that low temperature thermostat entry and reactor fluid exit linkage.
The electronic device adopted by the technical scheme comprises:
a computer: a desktop computer can be selected;
a data acquisition instrument: the existing data acquisition instrument with the functions of acquiring pressure signals and temperature signals can be selected;
thermocouple, pressure sensor, liquid flow meter: the existing products can be selected, and the parts do not have special requirements;
vacuum pump and vacuum valve: the requirements of steam pipe conveying and vacuum environment maintaining can be met, and the vacuum pump and the vacuum valve used in the method are all purchased existing products;
in the implementation process of the technical scheme, all the electrical components in the present application need to be connected with the power supply adapted to the electrical components through a wire, and a suitable controller should be selected according to actual conditions to meet control requirements, and specific connection and control sequence should be referred to the following working principle, in which the electrical components are electrically connected in sequence, and the detailed connection means is a known technology in the art, and the following working principle and process are mainly described without describing electrical control.
In this technical scheme, the reactor, as shown in fig. 2, 3, 4, by the netted case of three-layer hexahedron rectangle constitution, the net is prevented leaking in the parcel, installs serpentine coil in the case, makes things convenient for the hot-fluid to pass in and out, and netted roof portion can be opened, conveniently fills the heat-retaining material inwards, and the hot-fluid carries out the heat exchange through serpentine coil and heat-retaining material. The three-layer box body is designed independently, a 25mm gap is formed between layers, so that gas can enter and be discharged conveniently, and the three-layer box body is connected through a joint of the coil pipe. The snake-shaped coil pipe in the reactor adopts a copper pipe, heat exchange fluid flows in the copper pipe, heat storage materials are filled outside the copper pipe and in the net-shaped box, and the leakage-proof net design is arranged on the periphery of the box body, so that the loaded heat storage materials are prevented from leaking, and gas can be well introduced; when the heat is charged, heat exchange is carried out between the hot fluid in the copper pipe and the heat storage material, moisture is desorbed from the heat storage material after the heat storage material absorbs heat, and the dried heat storage material stores heat through sealing; when heat is released, water vapor enters the reactor and is absorbed by the dry heat storage material, a combination reaction is carried out to release heat, and the fluid in the copper pipe and the heat storage material carry out heat and mass exchange to output the heat.
The water vapor released when the heat storage material in the reactor absorbs heat is condensed in a visible evaporation/condenser with scales; during heat storage, a valve of a pipeline between the reactor and the evaporator/condenser is closed, and lossless heat storage is carried out; when heat is released, the evaporation/condenser provides water vapor for the reactor to carry out a chemical reaction, and heat is released.
The high-temperature thermostat is a heating device for supplying stored heat to a heat storage material in the heat storage device in the heat storage process; and providing heat for the formation of water vapor in the evaporator/condenser.
The low-temperature thermostat is a cooling device and is used for cooling the evaporation/condenser in the heat filling stage, cooling the water vapor evaporated from the reactor and conveniently measuring the dehydration amount; and cooling the reactor in the heat storage stage to shorten the cooling time; and in the heat release stage, the temperature of the reactor is reduced, so that the reaction is accelerated.
In the technical scheme of this application, snakelike copper pipe is arranged to reactor inside, walks the high-temperature hot-fluid that high temperature thermostat provided in the copper pipe, and the heat-retaining material is filled to the outside week of the pipe, as shown in fig. 2, and the space between two pipes is filled up to the solidified adsorbent, and corresponding mass transfer distance is half of adsorbent thickness. The reactor adopts the anti-leakage net to load the heat storage material, so that not only can the particles of the solidified heat storage material be prevented from falling off due to vibration damage or collision, but also the material can be fixed; and can guarantee the smooth circulation of vapor, increase the area of contact of heat-retaining material and vapor.
A vacuum pump is arranged at the steam outlet end of the reactor, and vacuum degree is provided for the reactor in the heat storage stage and the heat release stage, so that the evaporation of water is accelerated; a vacuum valve is arranged between the vacuum pump and the evaporation/condenser, and the valve can block heat and mass exchange between the reactor and the evaporation/condenser, so that lossless heat storage is facilitated.
1 thermocouple is respectively arranged on an inlet and outlet fluid pipeline of the reactor, and can detect the temperature change of fluid caused by heat absorption and heat release in the reactor in the heat charging stage and the heat release stage; 1 thermocouple is arranged in the reactor, and the temperature change of the heat release process and the temperature change of the heat storage process caused by the influence of water vapor on the thermochemical reaction in the reactor 2 can be observed; a thermocouple is arranged in the evaporation/condenser, and is used for measuring the temperature of water vapor entering the reactor from the evaporation/condenser for chemical combination reaction and the temperature of the water vapor entering the evaporation/condenser when the reactor releases heat; thermocouples were installed at the fluid inlet and outlet of the evaporator/condenser to observe the temperature change caused by the heat/cold of the fluid consumed to cool and heat the contents of the evaporator/condenser. Pressure sensors are respectively arranged in the reactor and the evaporation/condenser, and the pressure changes of the reactor and the evaporation/condenser in four periods of heat charging, heat storage, heat release and cooling are observed. Liquid flow meters are installed on outlet pipes of the high-temperature thermostat and the low-temperature thermostat to measure the flow rate of the heating/cooling fluid.
The adsorbent is a composite adsorption heat storage material obtained by compounding a porous material and a water-absorbing inorganic salt. The porous material is one or a plurality of materials such as expanded graphite, active carbon or silica gel; the water-absorbing inorganic salt is prepared by compounding inorganic salt with strong water absorption and inorganic salt with medium water absorption, and LaCl is adopted3/LiCl，LaCl3/CaCl2，MgSO4LiCl and MgSO4/CaCl2And compounding with porous material.
The working principle of the application is introduced as follows:
the working process of the system comprises three stages:
(1) a heat filling process: the valve A, B, E, F and the vacuum valve were opened, and the remaining C, D, G, H valves were closed; the hot fluid in the high-temperature thermostat heats the reactor through the valves A and B, the inorganic salt hydrate is heated and desorbed, water molecules generated by desorption leave the reactor, the absorbed heat is stored in the dry adsorbent along with the input of heat in the process, and the charged heat is tested through a temperature sensor and a flow tester on a fluid pipeline of an inlet and an outlet of the reactor; water vapor desorbed by the adsorption heat storage material enters a visible evaporation/condenser, and the water vapor is condensed into liquid by the low-temperature thermostat through cooling the evaporation/condenser by a valve E, F, so that the liquid level change height (the measurement precision is 1 mm) is tested; until the end of the heat charge, the valve A, B, E, F and the vacuum valve are closed;
(2) the heat storage process: opening a valve C, D, closing the other valves, cooling the reactor by accelerating by a cryostat, and closing a valve C, D after the reactor is cooled to normal temperature; opening a vacuum pump, vacuumizing the reactor, and performing lossless storage of heat;
(3) the heat release process: opening valve C, D, opening valve G, H and the vacuum valve, and closing the rest valves; the high temperature thermostat heats the water in the evaporator/condenser through valve C, D to evaporate water vapor rapidly at low pressure; the heat storage material and the water vapor released from the evaporation/condenser are subjected to adsorption reaction, the process is accompanied with the release of heat, the low-temperature thermostat cools the reactor through a valve G, H, the temperature rise of liquid at the inlet and the outlet is measured through a thermocouple on a fluid inlet and outlet pipeline of the reactor, and the released heat is calculated by combining a flowmeter until the heat release is finished.
Preferably, the heat storage material is an adsorption heat storage material formed by compounding a porous material and a water-absorbing inorganic salt.
Preferably, the porous material is one or more of expanded graphite, activated carbon and silica gel.
Preferably, the water-absorbing inorganic salt is a mixture of a strong water-absorbing inorganic salt and a medium water-absorbing inorganic salt, and the combination mode of the mixture comprises LaCl3/LiCl、 LaCl3/CaCl2、MgSO4/LiCl or MgSO4/CaCl2。
As a preferable scheme, the number of the heat exchange structures in the heat insulation box is three, and the distance between two adjacent heat exchange structures is 20-30mm, preferably 25 mm.
Preferably, the two end ports of the serpentine coil in the heat exchange structure extend out of the rectangular mesh box body, and the end port of the serpentine coil extending out of the rectangular mesh box body is connected with the coil interface, the reactor fluid outlet or the reactor fluid inlet.
Preferably, the rectangular net-shaped box body and the inner surface of the heat preservation box body are kept at a distance of 10-20mm, and the rectangular net-shaped box body and the upper and lower surfaces of the heat preservation box body are kept at a distance of 20mm and a distance of 10mm is kept from the side surface of the heat preservation box body.
Preferably, a thermocouple is arranged at a steam inlet of the evaporation/condenser, thermocouples are arranged at a condenser pipe fluid outlet and a condenser pipe fluid inlet of the evaporation/condenser, and a pressure sensor for detecting the internal air pressure of the evaporator/condenser is further arranged on the evaporation/condenser; thermocouples are arranged at the fluid outlet and the fluid inlet of the reactor, a thermocouple for detecting the internal temperature of the reactor and a pressure sensor for detecting the internal pressure of the reactor are also arranged on the heat-insulating box body, and the thermocouple and the pressure sensor are connected with the data acquisition instrument and transmit signals to the data acquisition instrument 24.
Preferably, the outlets of the low-temperature thermostat and the high-temperature thermostat are respectively provided with a liquid flowmeter, and the liquid flowmeters are connected with the data acquisition instrument and transmit signals to the data acquisition instrument.
Preferably, the data collector is connected to the computer 25.
Example 2
The high-temperature thermostat can be replaced by industrial waste heat, and the low-temperature thermostat is replaced by domestic water or municipal heating water to be heated, so that cross-season heat energy storage is performed; at this time, the cryostat may not be used in the heat charging stage, and the high-temperature thermostat may not be used in both the heat storage stage and the heat release stage.
Waste heat utilization is mainly power generation, but the technology of low-temperature waste heat (below 350 ℃) power generation is relatively lagged behind. The low-temperature waste heat in China accounts for more than 60% of the total amount of the waste heat, and the thermochemical adsorption heat storage system operates in a short-term heat storage mode by using the low-temperature waste heat. The charging process is performed during periods of low grade waste heat supply and the heat release mode is operated during periods of user or municipal heating/hot water demand. The system realizes the high-efficiency utilization of industrial waste heat. The rest is the same as in example 1.
Example 3
The high-temperature thermostat is replaced by a solar heat collector to be used as a heat source, the low-temperature thermostat is replaced by domestic water to be heated, and cross-season heat energy storage is carried out; at this time, the low-temperature thermostat may not be activated in the heat charging stage, and the high-temperature thermostat may not be activated in both the heat storage stage and the heat release stage.
By using the cross-season heat storage technology, sufficient solar heat energy in spring, summer and autumn is stored for heating/hot water in winter, so that the solar energy heat storage technology is an important way for improving the energy-saving benefit of buildings and achieving the emission reduction target by using solar energy to the maximum extent, and is becoming an important development direction of the solar heating/hot water technology. In a high temperature range which is easy to reach by the solar heat collector in summer, the heat storage material can fully absorb heat to generate two products, namely water and inorganic salt which are easy to separate, so that the storage of solar radiant heat is realized. Under the condition of lower temperature in winter, two separated products of the heat storage reaction can fully perform chemical reaction, so that the cyclic regeneration of the heat storage material is realized, and heat is released in the process for building heating/hot water. The rest is the same as in example 1.
Example 4
The high-temperature thermostat is replaced by a solar heat collector to be used as a heat source, the low-temperature thermostat is replaced by domestic water to be heated, and heat is stored in the daytime and released at night; at the moment, the low-temperature thermostat can not be started in the heat charging stage, and the heat storage stage can be ignored due to short time; the heat release phase may not enable a high temperature thermostat.
For example, in the areas of Tibet and Xinjiang, the climate is characterized by sufficient illumination in spring, summer and autumn and large day-night temperature difference, the general temperature difference is about 12 ℃, and the daily temperature difference in desert gobi can reach 20-25 ℃. Sweat volatilizing in the daytime is rain, the cotton quilt is covered at night, and changes of chills and sunstroke are experienced within one day. The closed thermochemical heat storage system disclosed by the invention has the advantages that water and inorganic salt are recycled, the climate type of the area can be well utilized, desorption reaction is carried out in the daytime to carry out solar energy heat charging, and chemical combination reaction is carried out at night to release heat. The rest is the same as in example 1.
It is noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation. The use of the phrase "comprising one.. said element does not exclude the presence of other, same elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The technical solutions described above only represent the preferred technical solutions of the present invention, and some possible modifications to some parts of the technical solutions will all represent the principles of the present invention, and fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A high-efficiency closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage test system comprises a high-temperature thermostat (1), a low-temperature thermostat (2) and an evaporation/condenser (3), wherein an outlet of the low-temperature thermostat is connected with a fluid inlet (4) of a condensation pipe in the evaporation/condenser through a pipeline, a fluid outlet (5) of the condensation pipe in the evaporation/condenser is connected with an inlet of the low-temperature thermostat through a pipeline, an outlet of the high-temperature thermostat is connected with a fluid inlet of the condensation pipe in the evaporation/condenser through a pipeline, and a fluid outlet of the condensation pipe in the evaporation/condenser is connected with an inlet of the high-temperature thermostat through a pipeline,
a valve E (6) is arranged on a pipeline connecting an outlet of the low-temperature thermostat with a fluid inlet of a condensing tube in the evaporator/condenser, a valve F (7) is arranged on a pipeline connecting the fluid outlet of the condensing tube in the evaporator/condenser with the inlet of the low-temperature thermostat, a valve C (8) is arranged on a pipeline connecting the outlet of the high-temperature thermostat with the fluid inlet of the condensing tube in the evaporator/condenser, and a valve D (9) is arranged on a pipeline connecting the fluid outlet of the condensing tube in the evaporator/condenser with the inlet of the high-temperature thermostat;
the reactor comprises a heat preservation box body (11), a visible window is arranged on the heat preservation box body, a reactor fluid outlet (12) and a reactor fluid inlet (13) are formed in the heat preservation box body, a plurality of heat exchange structures are fixedly installed in the heat preservation box body, the heat exchange structures are arranged in the heat preservation box body from front to back, and each heat exchange structure is formed by a rectangular net-shaped box body (14), a serpentine coil (15) installed in the net-shaped box body and a heat storage material (16) filled between the rectangular net-shaped box body and the serpentine coil; the heat exchange structure is positioned at the forefront in the heat-insulation box body, and one end of the snakelike coil pipe in the heat-insulation box body is connected with a fluid outlet of the reactor; the heat exchange structure is positioned at the rearmost part in the heat preservation box body, and one end of a serpentine coil in the heat preservation box body is connected with a fluid inlet of the reactor; the snakelike coil pipes in the two adjacent heat exchange structures in the heat insulation box body are connected through coil pipe joints;
outlets of the high-temperature thermostat and the low-temperature thermostat are connected with a fluid inlet of the reactor through pipelines, inlets of the high-temperature thermostat and the low-temperature thermostat are connected with a fluid outlet of the reactor through pipelines, an inner cavity of the heat preservation box body is connected with an inner cavity of the evaporation/condenser through a steam pipeline (17), and a vacuum pump (18) and a vacuum valve (19) are installed on the steam pipeline;
install valve A (20) on the pipeline of high temperature thermostat's export and reactor fluid entry linkage, install valve B (21) on the pipeline of high temperature thermostat entry and reactor fluid exit linkage, install valve G (22) on the pipeline of cryostat export and reactor fluid entry linkage, install valve H (23) on the pipeline of cryostat entry and reactor fluid exit linkage.
2. The closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage test system of claim 1, where the heat storage material is an adsorption heat storage material that is a composite of a porous material and a water-absorbing inorganic salt.
3. The closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system of claim 2, where the porous material is one or more of expanded graphite, activated carbon, or silica gel.
4. The closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage system of claim 2 where the water-absorbing inorganic salt is selected from the group consisting of strongly water-absorbing inorganic salts and moderately water-absorbing inorganic salts, wherein the combination of the strongly water-absorbing inorganic salts and the moderately water-absorbing inorganic salts comprises LaCl3/LiCl、LaCl3/CaCl2、MgSO4/LiCl or MgSO4/CaCl2。
5. The closed high-efficiency thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system of claim 1 wherein the number of the heat exchange structures in the thermal insulation box is three, and the distance between two adjacent heat exchange structures is 20-30 mm.
6. The closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system of claim 5 having high efficiency wherein the serpentine coil has two ends that extend out of the rectangular mesh box and the serpentine coil ends that extend out of the rectangular mesh box are connected to the coil connection, the reactor fluid outlet, or the reactor fluid inlet.
7. The closed thermal chemical adsorption heat storage testing system with high efficiency according to claim 6, wherein a distance of 10-20mm is kept between the rectangular net-shaped box body and the inner surface of the heat preservation box body.
8. A high efficiency closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage testing system according to claim 1 wherein thermocouples are installed at the vapor inlet of the evaporator/condenser, thermocouples are installed at the condenser tube fluid outlet and the condenser tube fluid inlet of the evaporator/condenser, and a pressure sensor for detecting the internal gas pressure is also installed on the evaporator/condenser; thermocouples are arranged at the fluid outlet and the fluid inlet of the reactor, a thermocouple for detecting the internal temperature of the reactor and a pressure sensor for detecting the internal pressure of the reactor are also arranged on the heat preservation box body, and the thermocouple and the pressure sensor are connected with a data acquisition instrument (24) and transmit signals to the data acquisition instrument.
9. The closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage high efficiency testing system of claim 8 where liquid flow meters are installed at the outlets of both the cryostat and the high thermostat and are connected to and transmit signals to the data acquisition instrument.
10. A high efficiency closed thermochemical adsorption heat storage test system according to either of claims 8 or 9 where the data collector is connected to a computer (25).
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