CN111779451A - Fixed-point water injection drilling method for goaf - Google Patents
Fixed-point water injection drilling method for goaf Download PDFInfo
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- CN111779451A CN111779451A CN202010662637.2A CN202010662637A CN111779451A CN 111779451 A CN111779451 A CN 111779451A CN 202010662637 A CN202010662637 A CN 202010662637A CN 111779451 A CN111779451 A CN 111779451A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 156
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000009194 climbing Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011405 expansive cement Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010408 sweeping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 239000011440 grout Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/13—Methods or devices for cementing, for plugging holes, crevices or the like
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F5/00—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires
- E21F5/02—Means or methods for preventing, binding, depositing, or removing dust; Preventing explosions or fires by wetting or spraying
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Abstract
The invention discloses a goaf fixed-point water injection drilling method, which comprises the following steps: s1: designing a drilling track, drilling holes upwards in an inclined manner from a roadway of the same coal seam as the goaf, wherein the inclined direction faces the goaf, drilling the holes above the goaf, horizontally drilling the holes, entering a stable layer, and then drilling the holes downwards in an inclined manner from the stable layer to a fracture zone and an caving zone; s2: construction preparation; s3: grouting and pipe fixing, and installing a blowout preventer and an extraction pipeline; s4, drilling construction; s5: and (5) tripping the drill and injecting water. The invention has the beneficial effects that: the drilling hole is ensured to smoothly pass through the goaf roof pressure area and the fracture zone area, the drilling hole is ensured to be constructed to a specified position, and the requirement of injecting water into the goaf of the closed working face is met; by adopting reliable safety measures and safety protection articles, the situation that high-concentration CO overflows out of smokers after the holes are drilled and the goaf is penetrated is prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a downhole water injection drilling method, in particular to a goaf fixed-point water injection drilling method.
Background
The goaf water injection is a common method for solving the problems of oxidation and ignition of residual coal in the goaf, and water injection by drilling is realized by adopting a drilling machine to construct a high-level drill hole to penetrate through a working face top plate and enter a crack area at the upper part of the goaf within a certain distance from cutting holes in two lanes of the working face. However, the method has more limitations, the drilling track cannot be accurately controlled, and the drilling arrangement and the hole depth are limited by the performance of the drilling machine.
For example, application No. 201910702978.5, a goaf processing grouting hole pore-forming process, in the second step, drilling a goaf, specifically as follows: s1, positioning of drilling: hole positions of the drilled holes are lofted by adopting a total station and a steel ruler according to a hole distribution design principle, so that the deviation of the hole positions is not more than 10cm, and hole position marks are made; however, the tracks of the drill holes are often very different due to different geology, so that the patent is not targeted.
The running length of a working face of a certain mine is 1260m, and the inclined length is 239 m. The thickness of a 1 coal seam is 6.6-7.9 m, and the average thickness is 7.2 m. The mining height of a working face is 4.8m, and mining is carried out in a mode of coal along the top and the bottom; the working face generates CO after the reaction heating of the chemical material injected into the working face once in the past, so that the phenomenon that the heat generated by the residual coal is generated due to the fact that the CO generated in the goaf at the previous stage is probably caused by the re-combustion of the chemical material injected position at the previous stage is considered. Therefore, a directional long drill hole is designed in a targeted manner, and water is injected into the area to extinguish fire; and the coal in the goaf 1 is directly jacked by 30 m-thick hard sandstone, the old roof is 4 m-thick mudstone, and the siltstone is arranged on the old roof.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to solve the problem of the goaf fixed-point water injection drilling process performed in the specific geological environment and the actual environment in the background technology.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical means:
1. a goaf fixed-point water injection drilling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: designing a drilling track, drilling holes upwards in an inclined manner from a roadway of the same coal seam as the goaf, wherein the inclined direction faces the goaf, drilling the holes above the goaf, horizontally drilling the holes, entering a stable layer, and then drilling the holes downwards in an inclined manner from the stable layer to a fracture zone and an caving zone;
step S2: construction preparation;
step S3: grouting and pipe fixing, and installing a blowout preventer and an extraction pipeline;
step S4, drilling construction;
step S41, a directional drilling tool is put in, check valves are added at intervals, and directional drilling is carried out according to the designed track;
step S42: drilling and climbing to a stable layer, drilling by using a composite sheet drill bit in cooperation with a drill rod, and constructing along the position of the sandy mudstone layer;
step S43: before the drill hole enters the upper part of the goaf, the blowout prevention extraction state is completely started;
step S44: drilling holes enter the upper part of the goaf, after the holes enter a stable layer, constructors need to closely observe the pumping pressure and the feeding pressure of slurry, and when the pumping pressure and the feeding pressure are suddenly increased, the constructors can drill the holes by pulling the drill back and forth and punching the holes until the drilling holes are normal; during construction, the idle supply pressure is required to be concerned, and the drilling machine retreats and idles after each drilling machine advances for one stroke;
step S45: after a drill hole penetrates through the stable layer, construction is carried out on a downhill, when the hole opening returns water to be small, the drill moves in one stroke and moves out by half, the flow of a slurry pump is opened to the maximum, and strong punching is carried out until a goaf is reached;
step S5: and (5) tripping the drill and injecting water.
The directional drilling technology is applied to the fire prevention and extinguishing work of the goaf, and the fixed-point water injection fire extinguishing in the goaf is realized; aiming at the bending and sinking pressure of a top plate of a goaf in the longitudinal direction of a drill hole, the concept of air supply pressure is provided, and the stress condition of the drill hole is judged more intuitively; through field construction, a construction method of a drill hole in a goaf roof crack area is summarized, and the problem that the drill hole smoothly passes through the crack area by using different drilling tool combinations at different stages is solved, so that the water injection effect of the drill hole is improved; and a safety measure for preventing high-concentration CO in the goaf from overflowing to hurt people is realized through the blowout preventer, the extraction pipeline and the check valve.
Preferably, the drilling trajectory in step S1 is specifically: the design hole orientation is 70 degrees +/-5 degrees, the hole inclination angle is 16 degrees +/-3 degrees, the design hole depth is 377m +/-20 m, the final hole position is 30m +/-5 m of the top plate of the coal seam where the goaf is located, a drill hole firstly climbs and penetrates through the coal seam where the goaf is located, the hard sandstone and the mudstone, enters the fine sandstone and enters the stable layer, the distance between the stable layer and the top plate of the coal seam where the goaf is located is 38-45m, then construction is carried out for 180 m along the stable layer, the inclination angle is continuously reduced, the mudstone and the hard sandstone are downwards penetrated until the mudstone and the hard sandstone enter a fracture zone and the orifice does not return water.
Preferably, in step S2, the construction preparation includes installing a compressed air self-rescue system, placing the drilling hole opening position and the azimuth line on site by a geological survey crew, putting various sleeves, drill rods, and drilling tools on the rack for management, stabilizing the drilling machine, placing the drilling machine according to the site-specified hole position and azimuth line, connecting various air, water, and pipeline, and hanging an oil pipe.
Preferably, in step S3, the concrete steps of fixing the pipe and installing the blowout preventer include: adopting a composite sheet drill bit to match with a wide blade drill rod to open a hole, and carrying out coal penetrating with pressure air until the coal is 2-4m away from the rock; reaming the hole to the bottom of the hole step by adopting a plurality of reaming bits and matched centralizers, and draining drilling cuttings in the hole; putting a rock core pipe to the bottom of the hole, welding a short joint communicated with the rock core pipe at the orifice on the side edge of the rock core pipe at the orifice, putting a grouting pipe on the hole wall, and temporarily fixing the pipe at the orifice by adopting polyurethane and quick-setting cement; injecting rapid-hardening expansive cement into the whole hole by using a pneumatic grouting pump, and waiting for hardening; after solidification, sweeping the hole to the bottom of the hole; and the blowout preventer is arranged on the drill rod and is connected with the gas-water separator through an extraction hose, the gas-water separator is connected with the short joint on the orifice rock core pipe through another extraction hose, and the gas-water separator is connected with an extraction gas pipeline. And a short joint is welded on the orifice pipe of the blowout preventer, blowout prevention double-path extraction is realized, and high-concentration positive pressure CO is prevented from overflowing through the orifice to hurt people.
And the whole process of opening and reaming adopts compressed air to remove slag, so that high-pressure water is prevented from damaging peripheral coal bodies to influence the pipe fixing effect, and the rock core pipe is grouted to root on a rock section, so that the stability of pipe fixing is ensured.
Preferably, the directional drilling tool in step S41 includes a four-wing flat-bottom drill bit, a non-magnetic screw motor, a lower non-magnetic drill rod, a non-magnetic probe tube, an upper non-magnetic short drill rod, a first cable drill rod, a cable check valve, a second cable drill rod, and a water braid, which are sequentially installed. A check valve drill rod is arranged behind the directional drilling tool assembly, and then a cable-through check valve is arranged at every 140-160m, so that water in the drill rod does not flow back during construction, and the high-concentration positive pressure CO is prevented from overflowing from the tail of the drill rod to hurt people.
Preferably, in step S44, if the designed stable layer cannot be drilled, the drilling design trajectory must be adjusted upward, and the stable layer must be re-selected by back-drilling the branch hole.
Preferably, in step S45, the method further comprises: and (3) pulling out and replacing drilling tools, adopting a phi 120mm composite sheet drill bit and a phi 89/73mm wide blade drill rod to drill downwards to the bottom of the hole, and forcibly drilling until the goaf is completely penetrated.
The mode of replacing the drilling tool is mainly because: firstly, when the track passes through the continuous dip angle reduction and is in a downhill stage, the wide-blade drill rod construction is adopted to continue to drill downwards according to the track until the goaf is penetrated; the drill rod with the wide blades has strong slag discharge capacity, and the possibility of buried drilling is reduced; and the cost of the directional drilling tool is too high.
Preferably, in step S5, the drilling water injection step includes: and (4) completely pulling out the drilling tool in the hole, installing a flange plate containing a ball valve at the hole opening, fastening the flange plate in place by adopting screws, connecting a system water pipe by adopting a high-pressure rubber pipe, and injecting water into the hole.
Preferably, before the drill rod in the step S3 is drilled, a blowout preventer and each extraction hose are connected in a standard manner, and a methane portable instrument and a CO portable monitor are hung on the leeward side of the orifice; step S4, in the drilling construction, when a hole is drilled, the butterfly valves on the blowout preventer and each extraction hose are opened to one third of the positions; when the drill hole enters the front 5m above the goaf, respectively suspending a CO portable monitor at the drill rig operating console and the drill rod loading and unloading position, and completely opening a butterfly valve; in the step S5, after the drill is pulled out, the blowout prevention orifice extraction bypass is firstly removed, and after a water injection flange is installed at the orifice and water is injected, the extraction hose is removed.
Preferably, the drilling action drilling machine is a ZDY12000LD type directional drilling machine, and the grouting pump used for grouting is a ZBQ-25/5 pneumatic grouting pump.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) the directional drilling technology is applied to the fire prevention and extinguishing work of the goaf, and the fixed-point water injection fire extinguishing in the goaf is realized; aiming at the bending and sinking pressure of a top plate of a goaf in the longitudinal direction of a drill hole, the concept of air supply pressure is provided, and the stress condition of the drill hole is judged more intuitively; through field construction, a construction method of a drill hole in a goaf roof crack area is summarized, and the problem that the drill hole smoothly passes through the crack area by using different drilling tool combinations at different stages is solved, so that the water injection effect of the drill hole is improved; safety measures for preventing high-concentration CO in the goaf from overflowing to hurt people are taken through the blowout preventer and the extraction pipeline;
(2) the whole process of hole opening and hole expansion adopts compressed air to remove slag, so that high-pressure water is prevented from damaging surrounding coal bodies to influence the pipe fixing effect, and the rock core pipe is grouted to root on a rock section, so that the stability of pipe fixing is ensured;
(3) when the drill hole passes through the stable layer, the drilling tool can be replaced by utilizing the wide-blade drill rod, so that the slag discharge capacity is high, and the possibility of buried drilling is reduced; the cost of the directional drilling tool is too high, and the cost can be saved by replacing the drilling tool;
(4) the blowout preventer and the using method of each extraction hose are reasonably arranged at different stages, the check valve drill rod is arranged behind the directional drilling tool assembly, then one check valve is arranged every 150m, water in the drill rod does not flow back during construction, the phenomenon that high-concentration positive pressure CO overflows from the tail of the drill rod to injure people is avoided, and the phenomenon that high-concentration CO overflows from smokers after the drill hole penetrates through a goaf in the whole drilling water injection process can be avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a drilling route of a goaf fixed-point water injection drilling method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an orifice extraction pipeline;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the modular drill rods;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a drilling route of a goaf fixed-point water injection drilling method in the second embodiment of the invention.
Reference numbers in the figures: 1. a blowout preventer; 2. pumping out the hose; 3. a gas-water separator; 4. an orifice core barrel; 41. short-circuit connection; 5. gas extraction pipelines;
6. a combination drill; 61. a four wing flat bottom drill; 62. a non-magnetic screw motor; 63. a lower non-magnetic drill rod; 64. a non-magnetic probe tube; 65. a short non-magnetic drill rod is arranged on the drill rod; 66. a first through-cable drill pipe; 67. a cable-through check valve; 68. a second through-cable drill pipe; 69. water plaits;
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment discloses a goaf fixed-point water injection drilling method, which comprises the following steps:
drilling machine: ZDY12000LD directional drilling machine; (2) a booster pump: type BLY390 mud pump truck; (3) the measurement system comprises: YHD2-1000(A) measurement while drilling system; (4) drilling a rod: a phi 89/73mm wide blade drill rod and a phi 89mm through cable drill rod; (5) drilling a bit: a phi 120mm composite sheet drill bit, a phi 163mm broaching drill bit, a phi 193mm broaching drill bit, a phi 220mm broaching drill bit and a phi 120mm four-wing flat bottom directional drill bit; (6) grouting pump: ZBQ-25/5 pneumatic grouting pump; (7) a core barrel: phi 146mm (wall thickness 6.5 mm).
S1: designing a drilling track, drilling holes upwards in an inclined mode from a roadway (a 1415A rail along a feeding connecting roadway) of the same coal seam as the goaf, enabling the inclined direction to face the goaf, drilling the holes above the goaf, horizontally drilling the holes, enabling the holes to enter a stable layer, and then drilling the holes downwards in an inclined mode from the stable layer to enter a fracture zone and an caving zone;
as shown in FIG. 1, the design hole orientation is 70 degrees, the hole inclination angle is 16 degrees, the design hole depth is 377m, and the final hole position is 30m of the coal top plate 1. The coal in the goaf is directly jacked by 30 m-thick hard sandstone, the old roof is 4 m-thick mudstone, and the old roof is silty-fine sandstone. The drilling design firstly climbs and penetrates through coal, hard sandstone and mudstone of a goaf, enters siltstone, then is constructed along the layer (41 m away from the coal top plate of the goaf) for 184m, then the dip angle is continuously reduced, and the mudstone and the hard sandstone are penetrated downwards until the coal enters a fracture zone and a caving zone, and water does not return from an orifice.
S2: construction preparation:
(1) a compressed air self-rescue system is installed on site, a methane sensor and a CO sensor are installed according to requirements, and a dispatching telephone is installed; (2) a geological survey worker places the drilling and tapping position and the azimuth line on site; (3) putting various sleeves, drill rods and drilling tools on the shelf for management; (4) stabilizing the drilling machine, and arranging the drilling machine according to the site given hole position and azimuth line; (5) connecting various wind, water and pipeline and hanging oil pipes.
S3: grouting and pipe fixing, and installing a blowout preventer 1 and an extraction pipeline:
as shown in fig. 2, before drilling, a blowout preventer 1 and two extraction hoses 2 are connected in a standard manner; a methane portable instrument and a CO portable monitor are hung on the leeward side of the orifice; the blowout preventer 1 is arranged on a drill rod, the blowout preventer 1 is connected with an extraction hose 2 and a gas-water separator 3 through the extraction hose, one extraction hose 2 is pulled out from a gas outlet on the gas-water separator 3 and is connected with a 2-inch short joint 41 on an orifice rock core pipe 4, extraction can also be carried out through the orifice rock core pipe 4, the gas-water separator 3 is connected with an extraction gas pipeline 6, blowout prevention double-path extraction is realized, and high-concentration positive pressure CO is prevented from overflowing through an orifice to hurt people;
adopting a phi 120mm composite sheet drill bit to match with a phi 89/73mm wide blade drill rod for drilling, and carrying out coal penetration construction with compressed air until the depth reaches 3m of rock; adopting a phi 163mm expanding drill bit, a phi 193mm expanding drill bit, a phi 220mm expanding drill bit and a matched centralizer to expand the holes to the bottom of the hole step by step, and discharging drill cuttings in the hole; a rock core pipe with the diameter of 146mm is put to the bottom of the hole, one orifice is provided with a flange plate, 2-inch short joints (200mm long) are welded on the side edges, 14 separate injection grout pipes are put under the hole wall, and polyurethane and quick-setting cement are adopted to temporarily fix the pipe at the orifice; injecting quick-setting expansion cement into the whole hole by adopting a pneumatic grouting pump, and waiting for setting for 6 hours; the whole process of hole opening and hole expansion adopts compressed air to remove slag, so that high-pressure water is prevented from damaging surrounding coal bodies to influence the pipe fixing effect, and the rock core pipe is grouted to root on a rock section, so that the stability of pipe fixing is ensured; adopting a phi 120mm composite sheet drill bit to match with a phi 89/73mm wide blade drill rod to sweep the hole to the bottom of the hole;
when a hole is drilled, the blowout prevention extraction butterfly valve is opened to one third of the position;
s4, drilling construction;
s41: a directional drilling tool is put in, check valves are added at intervals, and directional drilling is carried out according to a designed track;
as shown in fig. 3, the drilling assembly: the combined drilling tool 6 comprises a phi 120mm four-wing flat-bottomed drill bit 61, a phi 89mm nonmagnetic screw motor 62(1.25 degrees), a phi 89mm lower nonmagnetic drill rod 63, a phi 89mm nonmagnetic probe pipe 64, a phi 89mm upper nonmagnetic short drill rod 65, a phi 89mm first cable through drill rod 66, a phi 89mm cable through check valve 67, a phi 89mm second cable through drill rod 68 and a phi 89mm water braid 69 which are sequentially connected, the combination mode is realized by technical personnel according to actual use and conventional technology, and then one phi 89mm cable through check valve 67 is added every 150 m; a check valve drill rod is arranged behind the directional drilling tool assembly, then a check valve is arranged every 150m, water in the drill rod does not flow back during construction, and high-concentration positive pressure CO is prevented from overflowing through the tail of the drill rod to hurt people;
s42: drilling and climbing to construct a stable layer, wherein the distance between the stable layer and the top plate of the coal seam where the goaf is located is 41m, and the construction is 184 m; when the hole mouth returns water and becomes small, the drilling machine retreats for half a stroke every time the drilling machine enters one stroke, the flow of the slurry pump is opened to the maximum, and the bottom crack of the hole is punched to be large by adopting strong punching; when the hole opening water return is obviously reduced, pressurizing and forcibly drilling to further approach the goaf; when the drilling cannot be continued but the drilling hole is not completely penetrated and the blank area is drilled, the drilling tool is removed and replaced, the composite sheet drill bit is used for drilling in cooperation with the drill rod, and construction is carried out along the position of the sandy mudstone layer; drilling and replacing drilling tools, adopting a phi 120mm composite sheet drill bit and a phi 89/73mm wide blade drill rod to drill downwards to the bottom of a hole, and forcibly drilling until the hole completely penetrates through a goaf;
the mode of replacing the drilling tool is mainly because: firstly, when the track passes through the continuous dip angle reduction and is in a downhill stage, the wide-blade drill rod construction is adopted to continue to drill downwards according to the track until the goaf is penetrated; the drill rod with the wide blades has strong slag discharge capacity, and the possibility of buried drilling is reduced; the cost of the directional drilling tool is too high;
s43: before the drill hole enters the upper part of the goaf, the blowout prevention extraction negative pressure is completely started, and the blowout prevention extraction bypass and the 2-inch short joint of the orifice pipe are ensured to be in a negative pressure extraction state; specifically, when a drill hole enters the position 5m above the goaf, CO portable monitors are respectively hung at a drill rig operating console and a loading and unloading drill rod, and blowout prevention negative pressure is completely started;
s44: after the drill hole enters the upper part of the goaf, constructors need to closely observe the pumping pressure and the feeding pressure of slurry, when the pumping pressure and the feeding pressure are suddenly increased, blind drilling is not suitable at the moment, and the drill hole needs to be drilled by pulling the drill back and forth until the drill hole is normal;
during construction, the idle feeding pressure is concerned, the drill is withdrawn by 200mm after the drill advances for one stroke, and idling is carried out, if the feeding pressure is increased, the hole is still influenced by the pressure of a top plate, and the drill must be pulled out and punched back and forth until the hole can be drilled at the normal back;
s45, after the drill hole penetrates through the stable layer, constructing downhill, and when the hole mouth returns water and becomes small, retreating half a stroke every time the drill advances one stroke, opening the flow of the slurry pump to the maximum, and punching a hole by adopting a strong force to punch a hole bottom crack to a large size;
when the hole mouth water return is obviously reduced, the pressurized drilling is forced to further approach to the goaf.
S5, tripping and injecting water
Completely pulling out the drilling tool in the hole, installing a flange plate containing a ball valve at the hole opening, and fastening the flange plate in place by adopting screws; connecting a system water pipe by using a high-pressure rubber pipe, detecting by field gas detectors after the drilling is finished, and immediately arranging water injection into the hole, wherein the CO concentration in the hole is 60000 PPM;
after the drill is pulled out, firstly removing the blowout prevention orifice extraction bypass, and ensuring that a 2-inch short circuit of an orifice pipe is in an extraction state at the moment; after a water injection flange is arranged at the orifice and water is injected, the extraction hose 2 can be removed, and the whole extraction process is ensured;
the whole process of combining and injecting water is carried out from the position above the drilled hole and the position above the goaf until the drilled hole is drilled, and constructors need to wear a positive pressure respirator to carry out operation; personnel are prohibited to enter the leeward side for operation.
Example two:
in step S44, based on the first embodiment, when the stable horizon is not drilled, the drilling design trajectory must be adjusted upward to re-select the stable horizon by back-drilling the branch hole, as shown in fig. 2.
Specifically, the main design hole is constructed to 287m in advance and enters a fissure zone in advance without returning water, a branch hole is arranged to be opened from 207m immediately, the design hole depth is 408m, the drilling construction is carried out to 420m, no water is returned in the hole, and the final hole point is 31m away from the goaf sitting coal top plate.
By adopting the hole forming process and safety measures in the embodiment, the fact that the drill hole smoothly penetrates through the goaf top plate pressure area and the fracture belt area is ensured, the drill hole is constructed to a specified position, and the requirement of water injection in the goaf of the closed working face is met; by adopting reliable safety measures and safety protection articles, the situation that high-concentration CO overflows out of smokers after the holes are drilled and the goaf is penetrated is prevented.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A goaf fixed-point water injection drilling method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: designing a drilling track, drilling holes upwards in an inclined manner from a roadway of the same coal seam as the goaf, wherein the inclined direction faces the goaf, drilling the holes above the goaf, horizontally drilling the holes, entering a stable layer, and then drilling the holes downwards in an inclined manner from the stable layer to a fracture zone and an caving zone;
step S2: construction preparation;
step S3: grouting and pipe fixing, and installing a blowout preventer and an extraction pipeline;
step S4, drilling construction;
step S41, a directional drilling tool is put in, check valves are added at intervals, and directional drilling is carried out according to the designed track;
step S42: drilling and climbing to a stable layer, drilling by using a composite sheet drill bit in cooperation with a drill rod, and constructing along the position of the sandy mudstone layer;
step S43: before the drill hole enters the upper part of the goaf, the blowout prevention extraction state is completely started;
step S44: drilling holes enter the upper part of the goaf, after the holes enter a stable layer, constructors need to closely observe the pumping pressure and the feeding pressure of slurry, and when the pumping pressure and the feeding pressure are suddenly increased, the constructors can drill the holes by pulling the drill back and forth and punching the holes until the drilling holes are normal; during construction, the idle supply pressure is required to be concerned, and the drilling machine retreats and idles after each drilling machine advances for one stroke;
step S45: after a drill hole penetrates through the stable layer, construction is carried out on a downhill, when the hole opening returns water to be small, the drill moves in one stroke and moves out by half, the flow of a slurry pump is opened to the maximum, and strong punching is carried out until a goaf is reached;
step S5: and (5) tripping the drill and injecting water.
2. The goaf fixed-point water injection drilling method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the drilling trajectory in step S1 is specifically: the design hole orientation is 70 degrees +/-5 degrees, the hole inclination angle is 16 degrees +/-3 degrees, the design hole depth is 377m +/-20 m, the final hole position is 30m +/-5 m of the top plate of the coal seam where the goaf is located, a drill hole firstly climbs and penetrates through the coal seam where the goaf is located, the hard sandstone and the mudstone, enters the fine sandstone and enters the stable layer, the distance between the stable layer and the top plate of the coal seam where the goaf is located is 38-45m, then construction is carried out for 180 m along the stable layer, the inclination angle is continuously reduced, the mudstone and the hard sandstone are downwards penetrated until the mudstone and the hard sandstone enter a fracture zone and the orifice does not return water.
3. The fixed-point water injection and drilling method for the goaf according to the claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the construction preparation comprises installing a forced air self-rescue system, placing the drilling hole position and the azimuth line on site by geological survey personnel, putting on the rack for management of various sleeves, drill rods and drilling tools, stabilizing the drilling machine, placing the drilling machine according to the site-specified hole position and azimuth line, connecting various wind, water and pipeline, and hanging oil pipes.
4. The goaf fixed-point water injection drilling method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the concrete steps of fixing pipe and installing blowout preventer: adopting a composite sheet drill bit to match with a wide blade drill rod to open a hole, and carrying out coal penetrating with pressure air until the coal is 2-4m away from the rock; reaming the hole to the bottom of the hole step by adopting a plurality of reaming bits and matched centralizers, and draining drilling cuttings in the hole; putting a rock core pipe to the bottom of the hole, welding a short joint communicated with the rock core pipe at the orifice on the side edge of the rock core pipe at the orifice, putting a grouting pipe on the hole wall, and temporarily fixing the pipe at the orifice by adopting polyurethane and quick-setting cement; injecting rapid-hardening expansive cement into the whole hole by using a pneumatic grouting pump, and waiting for hardening; after solidification, sweeping the hole to the bottom of the hole; and the blowout preventer is arranged on the drill rod and is connected with the gas-water separator through an extraction hose, the gas-water separator is connected with the short joint on the orifice rock core pipe through another extraction hose, and the gas-water separator is connected with an extraction gas pipeline.
5. The fixed-point water injection and drilling method for the goaf as claimed in claim 1, wherein the directional drilling tool in step S41 comprises a four-wing flat-bottomed drill bit, a non-magnetic screw motor, a lower non-magnetic drill rod, a non-magnetic probe tube, an upper non-magnetic short drill rod, a first through cable drill rod, a through cable check valve, a second through cable drill rod and a water swivel which are sequentially installed.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step S44, if the stable layer cannot be drilled, the drilling trajectory must be adjusted upward, and the stable layer is re-selected by removing the branch holes.
7. The fixed-point water injection drilling method for the goaf in the step S45 is characterized in that if drilling cannot be continued and the goaf is not completely drilled, the drilling tool is removed and replaced, a composite sheet drill bit is adopted to drill down to the bottom of the hole together with a wide blade drill rod, and drilling is forcibly carried out until the goaf is completely drilled.
8. The goaf spot water injection drilling method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S5, the drilling water injection step comprises: and (4) completely pulling out the drilling tool in the hole, installing a flange plate containing a ball valve at the hole opening, fastening the flange plate in place by adopting screws, connecting a system water pipe by adopting a high-pressure rubber pipe, and injecting water into the hole.
9. The fixed-point water injection and drilling method for the goaf according to claim 1, wherein a blowout preventer and each extraction hose are connected in a standard manner before the drill rod is drilled in step S3, and a portable methane monitor and a portable CO monitor are hung on the leeward side of the hole; step S4, in the drilling construction, when a hole is drilled, the butterfly valves on the blowout preventer and each extraction hose are opened to one third of the positions; when the drill hole enters the front 5m above the goaf, respectively suspending a CO portable monitor at the drill rig operating console and the drill rod loading and unloading position, and completely opening a butterfly valve; in the step S5, after the drill is pulled out, the blowout prevention orifice extraction bypass is firstly removed, and after a water injection flange is installed at the orifice and water is injected, the extraction hose is removed.
10. The fixed-point water injection drilling method for the goaf as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the drilling action drilling machine is a ZDY12000LD type directional drilling machine, and the grouting pump used for grouting is a ZBQ-25/5 pneumatic grouting pump.
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