CN111778588A - Mechanical recovery method of unidirectional carbon fiber leftover material - Google Patents
Mechanical recovery method of unidirectional carbon fiber leftover material Download PDFInfo
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- CN111778588A CN111778588A CN202010493013.2A CN202010493013A CN111778588A CN 111778588 A CN111778588 A CN 111778588A CN 202010493013 A CN202010493013 A CN 202010493013A CN 111778588 A CN111778588 A CN 111778588A
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- carbon fiber
- warp
- leftover
- carding
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01G—PRELIMINARY TREATMENT OF FIBRES, e.g. FOR SPINNING
- D01G11/00—Disintegrating fibre-containing articles to obtain fibres for re-use
- D01G11/04—Opening rags to obtain fibres for re-use
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/66—Disintegrating fibre-containing textile articles to obtain fibres for re-use
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a mechanical recovery method of unidirectional carbon fiber leftover materials, and belongs to the technical field of recycling of carbon fibers after one-time use. Through a specific technical method, the additional thread belt on the residual carbon fiber material is continuously and automatically removed, the recovered carbon fiber short fiber material is carded again according to the length, the fiber appearance state and the fiber type, and the recovered carbon fiber is reused, so that the pure recovery of the carbon fiber leftover material is effectively solved, the environmental pollution and the material waste caused by the fact that industrial waste cannot be technically recovered are avoided, the carbon fibers in various forms are fully utilized, and the method is a continuous industrial technology for recovering and recycling materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of carbon fiber recycling, in particular to a mechanical recycling method for unidirectional carbon fiber leftover materials.
Background
Under the environmental trend of energy conservation, environmental protection and cost reduction, the low-cost industrialization technology is the future direction of technical development. The carbon fiber reinforced composite material is a novel material with light weight and high strength, has a plurality of excellent characteristics such as high specific strength, high mechanical property, high specific modulus, high impact resistance, high corrosion resistance and the like, and has comprehensive properties superior to those of aluminum alloy and high-strength steel. However, the high cost limits the wide application of carbon fiber composites.
In the process of processing the carbon fiber unidirectional cloth by using the small-tow carbon fibers, carbon yarns or cotton threads with certain strength are longitudinally woven to relatively fix the positions of the carbon fiber yarns in the unidirectional cloth, after the unidirectional carbon fibers are processed and formed in a roll, the carbon threads or cotton threads are arranged on the unidirectional cloth edge, and the carbon fiber cloth edge ribbons with the width of about 10-30mm are simultaneously cut by a processing machine to form industrial waste. With the large number of applications of carbon fiber unidirectional fabrics, these edge scraps generated during the process are increasing in the amount of tens or hundreds of kilograms daily.
The carbon fiber unidirectional cloth can be cut according to the size of a processed workpiece in the using process, and residual materials which cannot be applied to the workpiece can be generated in the cutting process of fully considering the maximum utilization rate of materials,
the carbon fiber composite material is widely applied to the application fields of aerospace, building reinforcement, sports and leisure and the like with excellent performance, but the waste material of the thermosetting or thermoplastic carbon fiber composite material generated by the carbon fiber composite material or the carbon fiber composite material parts eliminated after being used for a certain time cause environmental pollution of a large amount of industrial waste because the carbon fiber is not degradable and is combined with residual resin. Various technologies have focused on the development of recycling and utilization of carbon fiber composites. And the residual carbon fiber leftover materials which are compounded with resin are not available, and technical reports or patents of direct recovery of the technology are not available.
Chinese patent publication No. CN105246605A discloses a pyrolysis system and method for recovering carbon fibers from carbon fiber-containing plastics, but the prior art mainly aims at burning, chemically or physically cutting thermosetting or thermoplastic resin-based composite materials into pieces, and reusing the obtained fibers.
The existing fiber composite material recovery technology mainly comprises two methods of physical recovery and chemical recovery. The physical recovery is to mechanically crush the carbon fiber composite material into fine particles by a mechanical crushing mode, and then to perform composite molding with resin. The chemical method is to decompose the resin by adopting an organic solvent and recycle the fiber. Or burning the resin by burning and recovering the carbon fiber inside.
Mechanical recycling is the recycling of the composite material by crushing the composite material into particles together with the resin, and the long fibers are destroyed and only used as the filler component. The chemical recycling uses chemical reagents to cause secondary pollution to the environment or needs to recycle the solvent, and the like. The incineration method causes a certain amount of waste gas pollution to the environment, and at the same time, the strength of the recovered fibers is affected in an aerobic state, and the surfaces of the fibers have combustion-remaining fine impurities or surfaces damaged by combustion.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the invention provides a method for recovering unidirectional carbon fiber leftover materials, which aims to solve various problems in the existing fiber composite material recovery technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a mechanical recovery method of unidirectional carbon fiber leftover materials comprises the following specific steps:
(1) in the raw material preparation process, aiming at the quality requirement of a target product, selecting leftover materials with the same performance or leftover materials generated or remained in the production and processing process of the same batch, and simply carding the leftover materials which are more disordered and are not beneficial to smoothly leading out fiber strips so as to separate the leftover materials from each other and smoothly pull out the leftover materials from a raw material accumulation box;
(2) pulling out one end of the strip scrap with warp from the accumulation box, splitting the warp in the raw material by the carding device after passing through the damping device, and fixing the split single-strand warp on the traction device;
(3) starting the traction device and starting the vibration rotor, pulling the front end of the strip leftover material, winding the warps at the front end around the multi-roller motor traction device, and then uniformly winding the warps on the warp winding equipment;
(4) placing a recovery box or container equipment below the vibrating rotor, wherein the recovered fibers fall into the recovery box under the action of gravity through the vibration of the vibrating rotor;
(5) after the whole equipment line rotates, the operation leveling condition of the leftover material strip is monitored manually and the carding is adjusted timely, and if the strip of the complex raw material cannot be regularly carded in a short time, the machine is stopped immediately to perform the regular carding.
Preferably, the whole equipment line comprises a damping device, a vibration rotor, a carding device, a multi-roller motor traction device and warp winding equipment.
Preferably, a control switch is further arranged in the whole equipment line and used for stopping the equipment line at any time in the operation process.
Preferably, the carding device consists of a warp positioning comb and a guider, and the guider is fixed at the downstream of the warp positioning comb side by side.
Preferably, the carding device splitting step is as follows: after the raw materials pass through the damping device, the warps in the raw materials are separated by the warp positioning comb, each warp passes through one fixed guider respectively, the position of each warp is fixed when the leftover raw material strip runs, the warps are spaced up and down, and after the warps cross the vibrating rotor, the warps pass through the upper and lower guider at the fixed positions respectively.
Preferably, the running speed of the leftover material strip is 5-12 m/min.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the fiber recovery raw material of the invention is leftover material after weaving and cutting of the weaving fiber or leftover material with weaving warp after production and use. And the leftover materials are subjected to a vibration separation recovery technology under the control of mechanical tension along the length direction of the woven warp. The technology adopts specially-made machinery to recover carbon fiber leftover materials woven by carbon wires or other types of wires, can quickly and conveniently remove the woven carbon warp threads from the leftover materials, cleanly recovers leftover material fibers, correspondingly lightens manual operation, improves production efficiency, guarantees higher mechanical strength of the recovered fibers, and has performance close to brand new fibers.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a warp splitting mechanism; wherein the rolling wheels 1-7 are damping devices.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of a 5-roll pulling device;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a warp winding apparatus.
Detailed Description
The following examples are included to provide further detailed description of the present invention and to provide those skilled in the art with a more complete, concise, and exact understanding of the principles and spirit of the invention.
The raw materials that this patent was retrieved divide into two big categories, and the leftover bits of rectangular form plain weave or the one-way cloth that have carbon fiber warp or other kinds of warp are cut at weaving course of working, and the warp length of opposite side leftover bits does not have the restriction, but the longer fibre leftover bits of warp length, is fit for adopting this patent machinery recovery technology more. And secondly, the strip fiber leftover materials of plain woven or unidirectional cloth are remained after manual or mechanical cutting of the industrial cloth with warp in the using process. The state of the raw materials can be random or regular after artificial carding.
Example 1: according to the principle of applying fiber tension and attaching mechanical vibration, the whole mechanical equipment wire is utilized to continuously recover carbon fibers from the leftover materials, the whole mechanical equipment wire adopted in the embodiment comprises a damping device, a vibration rotor, a carding device, a multi-roller motor traction device and warp winding equipment, and a control switch is further arranged in the whole mechanical equipment wire and used for stopping at any time in the operation process so as to meet the regular carding requirement of strip belts made of complex raw materials. Wherein, multiroll motor draw gear is 5 roller draw gear (see specifically figure 2), and warp winding equipment includes three tension pulley and rolling cylinder and speed display (see specifically figure 3), and the carding comprises warp location comb, director, and the director is fixed in warp location comb low reaches side by side.
1. In the raw material preparation process, corner materials with the same performance or corner materials generated or left in the same batch production and processing process are selected according to the quality requirement of a target product.
2. And the leftover materials which are relatively messy and are not beneficial to smooth leading-out of the fiber strips are simply carded, so that the leftover materials can be separated from each other and can be smoothly pulled out from the raw material accumulation box.
3. One end of the strip scrap with warp threads is pulled out of the accumulation box, the warp threads are separated after passing through the damping device, and the position of each warp thread is fixed when the strip of the scrap is in operation. The warps are spaced up and down, cross the vibrating rotor, and then pass through the guides (shown in fig. 1) at the upper and lower fixed positions respectively.
4. The traction device is started and the vibration rotor is started, the front end of the strip leftover material is pulled, the warp threads of the front end are wound around the 5-roller traction device, and then the warp threads are uniformly wound on a winding roller through the warp thread winding device.
5. And placing a recovery box or container equipment below the vibrating rotor, wherein the recovered fibers fall into the recovery box under the action of gravity through the vibration of the vibrating rotor.
6. After the whole equipment line rotates, the operation leveling condition of the leftover material strip is monitored manually and combed in time. The running speed is 5-12 m/min.
7. If the strip-shaped belt of the complex raw material can not be regularly combed in a short time, the machine can be stopped for processing. The control switch is set in the operation process, so that the operation of the equipment can be controlled at any time, and the operation is convenient.
The principle of the above operation method is as follows:
this technique adopts the operation tension of damping mechanical control fibrous zone, and through the high-speed rotation of rotor, produces vibrations between detached warp, breaks away from the fibre of leftover bits under the state that the constraint was woven from the carbon line, and the whereabouts under the effect of gravity falls into in the middle of appointed recovery tank, and carbon warp or other kinds of warp will be by automatic winding on a rotatory section of thick bamboo. The recovery and separation mainly comprises three steps, namely, the leftover material with warp is carded, adjusted and passes through a damping mechanical tension device in a reciprocating mode, a plurality of bundles of warp are separated and pass through respective positioned guides, then, a traction device is started to pull the leftover material belt warp to move forwards, and the carbon fiber warp is wound on a winding drum.
Before the invention, the raw materials like the raw materials are recycled by manually splitting warp threads of the fiber leftover material band, and the needed fiber leftover material is recycled in a mode of pulling fibers out of strip warp threads by hands. In the recovery method, the carbon fiber has broken filaments, so that the skin of a person is stimulated to cause skin itch or allergy, the person repeatedly acts, fatigue is easy to occur, and the efficiency is not high. Is not suitable for recycling a plurality of tons and dozens of tons of carbon fiber leftover materials in batch.
In the practical application of recycling carbon fiber leftover materials with carbon warp threads, the carbon threads are successfully separated from the carbon fiber yarns, and the carbon fiber leftover materials are recycled into a designated recycling box. According to the operating procedure of earlier stage, strip warp carbon fiber corner material area constantly moves forward through a set of damping mechanical device's continuous feed mode, carries out the disassembling of strip fiber corner material by the vibrating rotor in succession, and the fibre that needs to retrieve relies on the action of gravity, retrieves and falls into in the fibre collection box.
With the same carbon fiber strip leftover material, 1 operator completely depends on manual disassembly and recovery, and 5-10 kg of carbon fiber leftover material fiber can be recovered in 8 hours. If the recovery method is adopted, 30-50 kg of carbon fiber leftover materials can be recovered by 1 operator in 8 hours. The recovery method of the patent technology can be 3-10 times of the manual recovery efficiency according to the difference of the complexity of the raw materials.
The performance of the carbon fibers recovered in example 1 and the brand-new carbon fibers prepared into felt by the same method were compared with each other, and the samples were sampled five times in batches and tested as samples, as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 comparison of recycled fiber felting with virgin fiber felting Performance
The results in table 1 show that the recycled carbon fiber prepared by the invention has unobvious strength difference from brand new carbon fiber, has mechanical properties close to brand new fiber, can be completely used as a substitute of brand new fiber, and saves cost.
In conclusion, the fiber recovery raw material of the invention is leftover materials after weaving and cutting of the weaving fibers or leftover materials with weaving warps after production and use. And the leftover materials are subjected to a vibration separation recovery technology under the control of mechanical tension along the length direction of the woven warp. The technology adopts specially-made machinery to recover carbon fiber leftover materials woven by carbon wires or other types of wires, can quickly and conveniently remove the woven carbon warp threads from the leftover materials, cleanly recovers leftover material fibers, correspondingly lightens manual operation, improves production efficiency, guarantees higher mechanical strength of the recovered fibers, and has performance close to brand new fibers.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention cannot be limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea proposed by the present invention falls within the protection scope of the present invention; the technology not related to the invention can be realized by the prior art.
Claims (6)
1. A mechanical recovery method for unidirectional carbon fiber leftover materials is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
(1) in the raw material preparation process, aiming at the quality requirement of a target product, selecting leftover materials with the same performance or leftover materials generated or remained in the production and processing process of the same batch, and simply carding the leftover materials which are more disordered and are not beneficial to smoothly leading out fiber strips so as to separate the leftover materials from each other and smoothly pull out the leftover materials from a raw material accumulation box;
(2) pulling out one end of the strip scrap with warp from the accumulation box, splitting the warp in the raw material by the carding device after passing through the damping device, and fixing the split single-strand warp on the traction device;
(3) starting the traction device and starting the vibration rotor, pulling the front end of the strip leftover material, winding the warps at the front end around the multi-roller motor traction device, and then uniformly winding the warps on the warp winding equipment;
(4) placing a recovery box or container equipment below the vibrating rotor, wherein the recovered fibers fall into the recovery box under the action of gravity through the vibration of the vibrating rotor;
(5) after the whole equipment line rotates, the operation leveling condition of the leftover material strip is monitored manually and the carding is adjusted timely, and if the strip of the complex raw material cannot be regularly carded in a short time, the machine is stopped immediately to perform the regular carding.
2. The mechanical recycling method of one-way carbon fiber scraps as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the whole equipment wire comprises a damping device, a vibration rotor, a carding device, a multi-roller motor traction device and warp winding equipment.
3. The mechanical recycling method of one-way carbon fiber scraps as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that: and the whole equipment line is also provided with a control switch for stopping at any time in the operation process.
4. The mechanical recycling method of one-way carbon fiber scraps as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the carding device is composed of a warp positioning comb and a plurality of guides, and the guides are fixed at the downstream of the warp positioning comb side by side.
5. The mechanical recycling method of one-way carbon fiber scraps as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: the carding device is divided as follows: after the raw materials pass through the damping device, the warps in the raw materials are separated by the warp positioning comb, each warp passes through one fixed guider respectively, the position of each warp is fixed when the leftover raw material strip runs, the warps are spaced up and down, and after the warps cross the vibrating rotor, the warps pass through the upper and lower guider at the fixed positions respectively.
6. The mechanical recycling method of one-way carbon fiber scraps as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the running speed of the leftover material strip is 5-12 m/min.
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| CN202010493013.2A CN111778588B (en) | 2020-06-03 | 2020-06-03 | Mechanical recovery method of unidirectional carbon fiber leftover material |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2245936A1 (en) * | 1971-09-22 | 1973-03-29 | Procter & Gamble | METHOD OF DISASSEMBLING FIBER SHEET MATERIAL |
| CN201567437U (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2010-09-01 | 佛吉亚全兴(武汉)汽车座椅有限公司 | Automobile fabric regenerative fiber production composite layer felt and production system thereof |
| CN103264040A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-08-28 | 上海博格工业用布有限公司 | Process for manufacturing sheet material by utilizing waste filter bag |
| CN103381980A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-11-06 | 黄山永新股份有限公司 | Leftover material wrapuping device capable of realizing parallel winding |
| CN207128118U (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-03-23 | 总成实业股份有限公司 | Fiber recycling and granulating system |
| CN109402868A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-01 | 东莞市天熠新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of device and method thereof being processed into first layer lether material with scrap leather material |
-
2020
- 2020-06-03 CN CN202010493013.2A patent/CN111778588B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2245936A1 (en) * | 1971-09-22 | 1973-03-29 | Procter & Gamble | METHOD OF DISASSEMBLING FIBER SHEET MATERIAL |
| CN201567437U (en) * | 2009-11-05 | 2010-09-01 | 佛吉亚全兴(武汉)汽车座椅有限公司 | Automobile fabric regenerative fiber production composite layer felt and production system thereof |
| CN103264040A (en) * | 2013-05-16 | 2013-08-28 | 上海博格工业用布有限公司 | Process for manufacturing sheet material by utilizing waste filter bag |
| CN103381980A (en) * | 2013-06-27 | 2013-11-06 | 黄山永新股份有限公司 | Leftover material wrapuping device capable of realizing parallel winding |
| CN207128118U (en) * | 2016-06-30 | 2018-03-23 | 总成实业股份有限公司 | Fiber recycling and granulating system |
| CN109402868A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-01 | 东莞市天熠新材料科技股份有限公司 | A kind of device and method thereof being processed into first layer lether material with scrap leather material |
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| CN111778588B (en) | 2022-09-13 |
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Effective date of registration: 20221220 Address after: No. 305, Floor 3, 5G Acceleration Port, Building 33, Lufeng Heyuan, No. 328, Xiaoxiang Middle Road, Yuelu Street, Yuelu District, Changsha, Hunan 410000 Patentee after: Changsha Bailian High tech Materials Co.,Ltd. Address before: 241000 workshop 6, Xinghui science and Technology Industrial Park, Sanshan District, Wuhu City, Anhui Province Patentee before: ADESSO ADVANCED MATERIALS WUHU CO.,LTD. |