CN111776256A - Starting basket device for actively adjusting metal screen bubble burst pressure - Google Patents
Starting basket device for actively adjusting metal screen bubble burst pressure Download PDFInfo
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- CN111776256A CN111776256A CN202010734680.5A CN202010734680A CN111776256A CN 111776256 A CN111776256 A CN 111776256A CN 202010734680 A CN202010734680 A CN 202010734680A CN 111776256 A CN111776256 A CN 111776256A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G4/00—Tools specially adapted for use in space
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Abstract
A starting basket device for actively adjusting the bubble burst pressure of a metal mesh curtain comprises a low-temperature storage tank, wherein the outer part of the low-temperature storage tank is wrapped by a heat insulation layer, a liquid discharge port is formed in the bottom of the low-temperature storage tank, a starting basket is placed at the bottom in the low-temperature storage tank, an exhaust pipe is arranged at the top of the starting basket, a second metal mesh curtain is arranged at an outlet in the top of the exhaust pipe, and a first metal mesh curtain is arranged on the conical surface of the; the solenoid is arranged outside the low-temperature storage tank in a surrounding way, and the solenoid is or is arranged in the low-temperature storage tank to be soaked in liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen fluid; the solenoid is connected with a power supply through an electric lead; an electric switch is arranged on the electric lead; the invention utilizes the characteristics of weak magnetism of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen, introduces a magnetic field, and changes the bubble breaking pressure of a metal screen in the starting basket by means of adjusting the current on/off, the current direction, the current magnitude and the like of the solenoid, thereby improving the stability of the starting basket in the liquid storage stage and accelerating the liquid filling rate in the refilling stage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spacecraft space liquid fuel supply, in particular to a starting basket device for actively adjusting the bubble burst pressure of a metal mesh curtain.
Background
The specific impulse of the liquid hydrogen/liquid oxygen propellant combination can reach 450s, the liquid hydrogen/liquid oxygen propellant combination is widely applied to the field of aerospace propulsion, the liquid hydrogen/liquid oxygen propellant combination has outstanding performance advantages in a rocket upper stage and a space vehicle, and the space detection significance is achieved by realizing the space safety management and the efficient utilization.
The space vehicle adopting the combination of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen can undergo zero gravity sliding and space secondary ignition for many times during the on-orbit period, the space ignition requires a fuel system to deliver full-liquid low-temperature propellant without gas inclusion to an engine, and how to realize gas-liquid separation and full-liquid supply under the space micro/variable gravity is a key technology for supporting future space detection.
The starting basket is a typical device capable of realizing liquid preservation and full liquid supply under space microgravity, and is successfully applied to space ignition of the conventional liquid fuel aircraft and satellite orbital transfer. The whole inner cavity of the starting basket is in a cone frustum shape, and the top end of the exhaust pipe is provided with a second porous metal net curtain to realize smooth exhaust in the propellant filling process; the bottom is a liquid outlet; the first porous metal net curtain is arranged on the surface of the cone, so that the liquid in the starting basket can be stored under complex space overload; during refilling, liquid is injected from the first porous metal screen into the starter basket interior.
The working characteristics of the starting basket mainly depend on the bubble breaking characteristics of the first porous metal screen and the second porous metal screen, when the first porous metal screen is completely soaked by liquid, the effective separation of gas and liquid phases can be realized, and when the pressure difference between two sides of the first porous metal screen is lower, only the liquid can penetrate through the first porous metal screen, but the gas cannot penetrate through the first porous metal screen; when the pressure difference between the two sides is increased to a certain critical value, the gas can also penetrate through the first porous metal net curtain, the first porous metal net curtain loses the function of separating gas and liquid phases, and the critical pressure difference is defined as the bubble breaking pressure of the porous net curtain.
In the space liquid keeping stage, the bubble breaking pressure of the first porous screen and the second porous screen is required to be as high as possible, and gas in the storage tank cannot enter the inner cavity of the starting basket; and in the propellant refilling stage, the bubble breaking pressure of the second porous screen is required to be not too high so as to ensure that the gas can be smoothly discharged from the second porous screen in the process of replacing the gas by the liquid in the starting basket. The design of the starting basket needs to select the optimal balance of the bubble breaking pressure according to the all-direction acceleration condition of the full mission section, and the starting basket is ensured to realize the reliable maintenance of the liquid propellant and the efficient refilling of the propellant. The existing starting basket device has the defect that the selection of bubble breaking pressure in the full task section is limited.
Compared with other aerospace liquid propellants, liquid hydrogen has diamagnetism, liquid oxygen has paramagnetism, and when the liquid hydrogen and the liquid oxygen are placed in a magnetic field environment, fluid can be subjected to magnetic pressure, and the magnetic pressure is equivalent to or even higher than bubble breaking pressure. The gas-liquid interface in the mesh screen micropore is stressed, and when no magnetic field exists, the stress balance of the phase interface is represented by the formula (1); when a magnetic field is applied, the stress balance of the phase interface is represented by the formula (2);
wherein p isgIs gas phase side pressure; p is a radical oflIs the liquid phase side pressure; p is a radical ofcIs capillary pressure; p is a radical ofhIs hydrostatic pressure; σ is the fluid surface tension; theta is a contact angle; dPThe distance between the screen micropores; ρ is the liquid density; g is the acceleration of gravity; h is the liquid height; m is the magnetization; b is magnetic induction intensity; mu.s0Is a vacuum magnetic conductivity; p is a radical ofmTo magnetize the magnetic pressure, pnIs interface magnetic pressure; the magnetic pressure direction depends on the fluid magnetism and the magnetic field direction; therefore, the bubble burst pressure of the metal net curtain in the low-temperature liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen storage tank can be actively controlled by applying an external magnetic field.
Aiming at the weak magnetism of liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen, the stress relation of a gas-liquid interface can be changed by measures of applying or not applying a magnetic field, adjusting the direction of the magnetic field, adjusting the size of the magnetic field and the like, so that the bubble breaking pressure of the porous screen is changed, and the working characteristics and efficiency of the starting basket are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a starting basket device with an active adjusting function of metal mesh curtain bubble burst pressure, which utilizes the characteristics of weak magnetism of liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen and actively adjusts the bubble burst pressure of a starting basket mesh curtain structure by applying an external magnetic field to realize the storage and the efficient refilling of liquid of the starting basket.
A starting basket device for actively adjusting the bubble burst pressure of a metal mesh curtain comprises a low-temperature storage tank 1 wrapped with a heat insulation layer, wherein a liquid discharge port 3 is formed in the bottom of the low-temperature storage tank 1, a starting basket 2 is placed at the bottom in the low-temperature storage tank 1, an exhaust pipe 4 is arranged at the top of the starting basket 2, a second metal mesh curtain 6 is arranged at an outlet at the top of the exhaust pipe 4, and a first metal mesh curtain 5 is arranged on the conical surface of the starting basket 2; the solenoid 7 is arranged around the outside of the low-temperature storage tank 1, and the solenoid 7 is or is arranged in the low-temperature storage tank 1 to be soaked in liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen fluid; the solenoid 7 is connected with a power supply 8 through an electric lead 9; an electrical switch 10 is arranged on the electrical conductor 9.
The low-temperature storage tank 1 is made of aluminum alloy and stainless steel materials, and the exterior of the low-temperature storage tank 1 comprises a polyurethane heat insulation layer, a multilayer heat insulation Material (MLI) layer or a combination of the polyurethane heat insulation layer and the MLI layer.
The starting basket 2 is of a frustum structure, the integral framework of the starting basket 2 is formed by stainless steel and aluminum alloy, a first metal mesh curtain 5 is covered by a conical surface, a cylindrical or conical exhaust pipe 4 is arranged in the central area of the top of the starting basket 2, and the exhaust pipe 4 is of a hollow structure and is connected with the inner cavity of the starting basket 2 and the interior of the low-temperature storage box 1; the top section of the exhaust pipe 4 covers a second metal mesh screen 6; the starting basket 2 forms an independent cavity inside the low-temperature storage tank 1, and the outlet at the bottom of the starting basket 2 is connected with the liquid discharge port 3 of the low-temperature storage tank 1.
The first metal screen 5 and the second metal screen 6 are made of stainless steel wires which are interwoven in a weaving mode, and the micropore size of the stainless steel wires is mum level; the aperture of the first metal screen 5 is smaller than the aperture of the second metal screen 6, i.e. the bubble burst pressure of the first metal screen 5 is greater than the bubble burst pressure of the second metal screen 6.
When the solenoid 7 is arranged outside the low-temperature storage tank 1, the solenoid 7 is made of an insulated copper wire or an insulated aluminum wire, the number of turns of a coil is set according to the magnetic pressure corresponding to the bubble-breaking pressure adjusting range of the starting basket 2, and the strongest magnetic pressure point is positioned at the second metal mesh screen 6;
when the solenoid 7 is positioned inside the low-temperature storage tank 1, the coil material of the solenoid 7 is a superconducting coil: for the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the coil material is an iron-based high-temperature strip (MgB)2Fe); for the liquid oxygen storage tank, the coil material is a silver-based bismuth-based strip (Bi-2223/Ag or Bi-2212/Ag) or silver-based yttrium barium copper oxide alloy (YBCO/Ag).
The electric switch 10 controls the on-off of the power supply of the solenoid 7, or controls the switching of the anode and the cathode of the solenoid 7; or to control the magnitude of the supply current.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a method for realizing the storage and full liquid supply of liquid propellant by adopting a starting basket technology aiming at the space task stage of liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen, and on the basis of a starting basket 2, the weak magnetism of the liquid hydrogen and the liquid oxygen is utilized to increase the magnetic field regulation function so as to change the bubble breaking pressure of a second metal mesh screen 6 at the top end of the starting basket 2, thereby realizing the reliable storage and the quick refilling of the liquid propellant in the starting basket 2. When the liquid propellant reserved in the starting basket 2 is stored under the condition that the space becomes overloaded, the magnetic field is adjusted to improve the bubble breaking pressure of the second metal screen 6, so that the gas outside the starting basket 2 cannot enter the starting basket, and the storage of the liquid is realized; when the liquid in the starting basket 2 is discharged through the liquid discharge port 3 and the liquid in the starting basket 2 is insufficient, the refilling operation is carried out, the magnetic field is adjusted to reduce the bubble breaking pressure of the second metal screen 6, and the gas in the starting basket 2 can be smoothly discharged from the second metal screen 6 in the process that the liquid enters the starting basket 2 from the first metal screen 5.
In the stage of preserving the liquid in the starting basket 2, the bubble breaking pressure of the first metal screen 5 can be synchronously improved while the magnetic field is adjusted and the bubble breaking pressure of the second metal screen 6 is improved, so that the possibility that gas enters the starting basket 2 from the first metal screen 5 is reduced, and the stable work of the starting basket 2 is facilitated.
The invention realizes the active regulation of the bubble burst pressure of the first metal net curtain 5 and the second metal net curtain 6 by regulating the on-off, the direction and the size of the current to the solenoid 7, the bubble burst pressure regulating device is simple, and various control programs can be set according to the task requirements: the bubble breaking pressure under the magnetic field and magnetic field-free atmosphere can be adjusted in two positions through the on-off operation of current; the bubble breaking pressure can be increased and decreased in two directions by changing the direction of the current; the linear adjustment of the bubble-breaking pressure can also be realized by changing the current magnitude. The change of the bubble breaking pressure is realized through current regulation, so that the regulation and control errors caused by metal screen selection and a manufacturing process are effectively reduced, and the starting basket 2 is more reliable to operate. When the solenoid 7 is made of superconducting materials, the magnetic field intensity can be improved, and the bubble breaking pressure adjustment in a wider range or the volume and the mass of a magnetic field system can be realized.
After the magnetic field is applied, the bubble rupture pressure of the first metal screen 5 and the second metal screen 6 can be obviously improved, and the unfavorable situation that the bubble rupture pressure is adjusted only by the microporous structure of the screens is effectively changed. Because the bubble breaking pressure is higher, the starting basket 2 can maintain the stability of liquid in the cavity in a larger space overload impact range, and the task applicability of the spacecraft is obviously improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an external solenoid according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view showing a structure of a solenoid built-in type according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a starting basket device for actively adjusting the bubble burst pressure of a metal mesh curtain comprises a low-temperature storage tank 1 wrapped with a heat insulating layer, a liquid discharge port 3 is arranged at the bottom of the low-temperature storage tank 1, a starting basket 2 is arranged at the bottom of the inner side of the low-temperature storage tank 1, an exhaust pipe 4 is arranged at the top of the starting basket 2, a second metal mesh curtain 6 is arranged at an outlet at the top of the exhaust pipe 4, and a first metal mesh curtain 5 is arranged on the conical surface of the starting basket 2; the solenoid 7 is arranged around the outside of the low-temperature storage tank 1, and the solenoid 7 is or is arranged in the low-temperature storage tank 1 to be soaked in liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen fluid; the solenoid 7 is connected with a power supply 8 through an electric lead 9; an electrical switch 10 is arranged on the electrical conductor 9.
The low-temperature storage tank 1 is made of aluminum alloy and stainless steel, and the exterior of the low-temperature storage tank 1 comprises a polyurethane heat insulation layer, an MLI layer or a combination of the polyurethane heat insulation layer and the MLI layer.
The starting basket 2 is of a frustum structure, the integral framework of the starting basket 2 is formed by stainless steel and aluminum alloy, a first metal mesh curtain 5 is covered by a conical surface, a cylindrical or conical exhaust pipe 4 is arranged in the central area of the top of the starting basket 2, and the exhaust pipe 4 is of a hollow structure and is connected with the inner cavity of the starting basket 2 and the interior of the low-temperature storage box 1; the top section of the exhaust pipe 4 covers a second metal mesh screen 6; the starting basket 2 forms an independent cavity inside the low-temperature storage tank 1, and the outlet at the bottom of the starting basket 2 is connected with the liquid discharge port 3 of the low-temperature storage tank 1.
The first metal screen 5 and the second metal screen 6 are made of stainless steel wires which are interwoven in a weaving mode, the micropore size of the stainless steel wires is mum level, and the arrangement density of the warps and the wefts is as follows: the number of the warp threads is 50-250/cm; the weft direction (500-; the screen density of the first metal screen 5 is greater than that of the second metal screen 6, so that the bubble burst pressure of the first metal screen 5 is greater than that of the second metal screen 6, and compared with the liquid oxygen storage tank, the starting basket 2 of the liquid hydrogen storage tank adopts a denser screen structure.
When the solenoid 7 is arranged outside the low-temperature storage tank 1, the solenoid 7 is made of an insulated copper wire or an insulated aluminum wire, the number of turns of a coil is set according to the magnetic pressure corresponding to the bubble-breaking pressure adjusting range of the starting basket 2, and the strongest magnetic pressure point is positioned at the second metal mesh screen 6;
when the solenoid 7 is positioned inside the low-temperature storage tank 1, the coil material of the solenoid 7 is a superconducting coil: for the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the coil material is an iron-based high-temperature strip (MgB)2Fe); for the liquid oxygen storage tank, the coil material is a silver-based bismuth-based strip (Bi-2223/Ag or Bi-2212/Ag) or silver-based yttrium barium copper oxide alloy (YBCO/Ag).
The electric switch 10 can control the on-off of the power supply of the solenoid 7 or control the switching of the anode and the cathode of the solenoid 7; or controlling the magnitude of the power supply current; for the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the starting basket 2 is adopted, and the direction of the magnetic field for increasing the bubble-breaking pressure of the second metal net curtain 6 faces to the top end of the low-temperature storage tank 1; for the starting basket 2 adopted by the liquid oxygen storage tank, the magnetic field direction of the second metal screen 6 for increasing the bubble-breaking pressure is towards the bottom of the low-temperature storage tank 1, and the power supply direction of the solenoid 7 meets the requirement.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the filling type starting baskets 2 are added in the liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen storage tanks of the spacecraft, close to the liquid discharge ports 3, the volume of the inner cavity of each starting basket 2 is used for meeting the estimation of the liquid amount required by the secondary ignition process of the spacecraft engine, and the estimation comprises the liquid amount required by precooling of equipment such as pipelines, the liquid amount filled in conveying pipelines, the liquid amount corresponding to the ignition delay of the engine and the like.
When the starting basket 2 is filled with liquid propellant, and the aircraft experiences complex micro/variable overload on track, the power supply direction, the power supply size and the like of the solenoid 7 are adjusted to provide a magnetic field, so that the bubble breaking pressure of the corresponding first metal net curtain 5 and the second metal net curtain 6 in the liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen storage tank is improved; compared with the magnetic field-free atmosphere, the bubble breaking pressure generated by the magnetic field is increased, so that the liquid propellant in the starting basket 2 can be better stored in the cavity of the starting basket 2, the gas outside the cavity is not easy to enter the cavity, and the stored liquid can meet the secondary ignition requirement of the engine.
When the spacecraft has developed a space fire, the liquid in the starting basket 2 is emptied or partially emptied, it is necessary to develop a liquid propellant refilling operation for the starting basket 2. The submersible engine is started to generate positive thrust, and the liquid propellant in the low-temperature storage tank 1 is positioned near the starting basket 2. Under the action of the pressure difference at two sides of the first metal screen 5, the liquid propellant flows into the starting basket 2 from the outside of the starting basket 2, a gas phase area in the starting basket 2 is compressed, the pressure rises, the pressure difference at two sides of the first metal screen 5 is reduced, and the filling rate is reduced. Therefore, the gas in the starting basket 2 must be discharged in time, so that the gas pressure in the starting basket 2 must be greater than the liquid pressure at the second metal screen 6, and the difference between the two pressures must be greater than the bubble breaking pressure of the second metal screen 6, so that the gas can be smoothly discharged. At this time, the power supply direction, the power supply size and the like of the solenoid 7 are adjusted, the bubble burst pressure at the second metal screen 6 is obviously reduced, the gas in the starting basket 2 can be discharged more easily, the driving pressure difference required by two sides of the first metal screen 5 is maintained at a higher level, and the refilling rate is obviously improved.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a broken pressure initiative adjustment's of metal mesh curtain bubble start basket device, includes low temperature storage tank (1) of outside parcel heat insulation layer, its characterized in that: the bottom of the low-temperature storage tank (1) is provided with a liquid discharge port (3), the bottom in the low-temperature storage tank (1) is provided with a starting basket (2), the top of the starting basket (2) is provided with an exhaust pipe (4), the top outlet of the exhaust pipe (4) is provided with a second metal screen (6), and the conical surface of the starting basket (2) is provided with a first metal screen (5); the solenoid (7) is arranged outside the low-temperature storage tank (1) in a surrounding way, and the solenoid (7) or the solenoid is arranged in the low-temperature storage tank (1) and soaked in liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen fluid; the solenoid (7) is connected with a power supply (8) through an electric lead (9); an electric switch (10) is arranged on the electric lead (9).
2. The metal screen bubble burst pressure actively regulated starter basket device of claim 1, wherein: the low-temperature storage tank (1) is made of aluminum alloy and stainless steel materials, and the exterior of the low-temperature storage tank (1) comprises a polyurethane heat insulation layer, a multilayer heat insulation Material (MLI) layer or a combination of the polyurethane heat insulation layer and the MLI layer.
3. The metal screen bubble burst pressure actively regulated starter basket device of claim 1, wherein: the starting basket (2) adopts a frustum structure, the integral framework of the starting basket (2) is formed by stainless steel and aluminum alloy, a first metal mesh curtain (5) is covered by a conical surface, a cylindrical or conical exhaust pipe (4) is arranged in the central area of the top of the starting basket (2), the exhaust pipe (4) is of a hollow structure and is connected with the inner cavity of the starting basket (2) and the interior of the low-temperature storage box (1); the top section of the exhaust pipe (4) covers a second metal net curtain (6); the starting basket (2) forms an independent cavity inside the low-temperature storage tank (1), and an outlet at the bottom of the starting basket (2) is connected with a liquid discharge port (3) of the low-temperature storage tank (1).
4. The metal screen bubble burst pressure actively regulated starter basket device of claim 1, wherein: the first metal mesh curtain (5) and the second metal mesh curtain (6) are prepared by stainless steel wires in a weaving mode in a warp-weft interweaving mode, and the micropore size of the stainless steel wires is micrometer level; the aperture of the first metal screen (5) is smaller than that of the second metal screen (6), namely the bubble burst pressure of the first metal screen (5) is larger than that of the second metal screen (6).
5. The metal screen bubble burst pressure actively regulated starter basket device of claim 1, wherein: when the solenoid (7) is arranged outside the low-temperature storage box (1), the solenoid (7) is made of an insulated copper wire or an insulated aluminum wire, the number of turns of the coil is set according to the magnetic pressure corresponding to the bubble-breaking pressure adjusting range of the starting basket (2), and the strongest magnetic pressure point is positioned at the second metal mesh curtain (6);
when the solenoid (7) is positioned in the low-temperature storage tank (1), the coil material of the solenoid (7) is a superconducting coil: for the liquid hydrogen storage tank, the coil material is an iron-based high-temperature strip (MgB)2Fe); for the liquid oxygen storage tank, the coil material is a silver-based bismuth-based strip (Bi-2223/Ag or Bi-2212/Ag) or silver-based yttrium barium copper oxide alloy (YBCO/Ag).
6. The metal screen bubble burst pressure actively regulated starter basket device of claim 1, wherein: the electric switch (10) controls the on-off of the power supply of the solenoid (7) or controls the switching of the anode and the cathode of the solenoid (7); or to control the magnitude of the supply current.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010734680.5A CN111776256A (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | Starting basket device for actively adjusting metal screen bubble burst pressure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010734680.5A CN111776256A (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | Starting basket device for actively adjusting metal screen bubble burst pressure |
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| CN111776256A true CN111776256A (en) | 2020-10-16 |
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| CN202010734680.5A Pending CN111776256A (en) | 2020-07-27 | 2020-07-27 | Starting basket device for actively adjusting metal screen bubble burst pressure |
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Cited By (3)
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| CN112983677A (en) * | 2021-03-09 | 2021-06-18 | 西安交通大学 | Net curtain type liquid acquisition device for on-orbit management of low-temperature propellant |
| CN114109653A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-03-01 | 西安交通大学 | Screen cloth passageway formula liquid acquisition device based on storage tank strengthening rib structure |
| CN114635810A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-06-17 | 上海交通大学 | Low-temperature propellant on-orbit management device suitable for complex overload |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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