CN111772045A - Traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving immunity of beef cattle and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving immunity of beef cattle and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111772045A CN111772045A CN202010858356.4A CN202010858356A CN111772045A CN 111772045 A CN111772045 A CN 111772045A CN 202010858356 A CN202010858356 A CN 202010858356A CN 111772045 A CN111772045 A CN 111772045A
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- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 10
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 235000007119 Ananas comosus Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000007126 Codonopsis pilosula Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019764 Soybean Meal Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
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- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004455 soybean meal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 241000045403 Astragalus propinquus Species 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 244000099147 Ananas comosus Species 0.000 claims abstract 5
- 244000269722 Thea sinensis Species 0.000 claims abstract 4
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010855 food raising agent Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006041 probiotic Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000018291 probiotics Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims 2
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- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 3
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- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 210000004233 talus Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/142—Amino acids; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/22—Compounds of alkali metals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
- A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
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- Mycology (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
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- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of beef cattle raising, in particular to a traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving immunity of beef cattle, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of corn, 15-20 parts of wheat, 8-10 parts of soybean meal, 5-9 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 6-10 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 6-10 parts of donkey-hide gelatin, 5-8 parts of caulis spatholobi, 3-7 parts of radix curcumae, 5-9 parts of radix puerariae, 12-15 parts of straw, 10-15 parts of pineapple residue and 10-15 parts of cold tea residue. The invention not only has great improvement effect on the growth performance, meat quality, oxidation resistance and disease resistance of beef cattle, but also can reduce the incidence rate of heat stress under a hot condition, and in addition, has the effects of regulating immunity, promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of beef cattle raising, in particular to a traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving immunity of beef cattle and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The feed formula is characterized in that the nutrition requirements of animals are met by the optimal combination of different feed raw materials according to different beef cattle breeding conditions, the growth performance of the animals and the quality of animal products can be improved to a certain extent by reasonably preparing the feed formula, and the disease resistance of the animals is improved. The nutritional requirements vary from animal to animal and from physiological stage to physiological stage in the same animal. Based on the existing feed raw materials of the farm, the team technology is reasonably applied to prepare the total mixed ration meeting the NRC nutritional standard. In the previous investigation and research, the experiment finds that the straws, pineapple dregs and herbal tea dreg feed fermented by the novel microbial fermentation technology have positive influence on beef cattle breeding.
Therefore, the traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving the immunity of beef cattle and the preparation method thereof are provided for solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving the immunity of beef cattle and a preparation method thereof.
A traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving immunity of beef cattle comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of corn, 15-20 parts of wheat, 8-10 parts of soybean meal, 5-9 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 6-10 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 6-10 parts of donkey-hide gelatin, 5-8 parts of caulis spatholobi, 3-7 parts of radix curcumae, 5-9 parts of radix puerariae, 12-15 parts of straw, 10-15 parts of pineapple residue and 10-15 parts of cold tea residue.
A traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving immunity of beef cattle comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 23 parts of corn, 18 parts of wheat, 9 parts of soybean meal, 7 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 8 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 8 parts of donkey-hide gelatin, 6 parts of caulis spatholobi, 5 parts of radix curcumae, 7 parts of radix puerariae, 14 parts of straw, 12 parts of pineapple residue and 12 parts of herbal tea residue.
A preparation method of traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving immunity of beef cattle comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing the raw materials according to the parts for later use;
s2, crushing the straws, pouring the crushed straws into a tank, adding a leaven A for fermentation, pouring the pineapple dregs and the herb tea dregs into another tank, adding a leaven B for fermentation, taking out fermented substances produced in the second time after fermentation, and mixing the fermented substances for later use;
s3, grinding the corn, the wheat and the soybean meal into powder, uniformly stirring, putting into warm water for heat treatment for 1.2 hours, and taking out the mixed powder for later use;
s4, grinding the codonopsis pilosula, the astragalus membranaceus, the donkey-hide gelatin, the caulis spatholobi, the radix curcumae and the radix puerariae into powder respectively, pouring the powder and the mixed powder into a stirrer, adding salt, calcium phosphate, baking soda and amino acid, and stirring for 1-1.5 hours to obtain a basic feed;
s5, mixing the basic feed and the fermented product uniformly, and drying to obtain the evenly dispersed beef cattle feed.
Preferably, the leaven A used by the straws is a lignocellulose leaven, and the fermentation time is one week.
Preferably, the leavening agent B used by the pineapple dregs and the herb tea dregs is probiotics, and the fermentation time is one week.
Preferably, the temperature of the heat treatment in S3 is 40 ℃ to 50 ℃.
Preferably, the heat treatment in S3 is heating over water.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by adding the fermentation products of the straws, the pineapple residues and the cool tea residues into the feed, the growth performance, the meat quality, the oxidation resistance and the disease resistance of the beef cattle are greatly improved, and the incidence rate of heat stress under a hot condition can be reduced.
2. The traditional Chinese medicinal materials such as the codonopsis pilosula, the astragalus and the donkey-hide gelatin are added into the feed, so that the immunity of beef cattle can be effectively adjusted, and the caulis spatholobi, the radix curcumae and the radix puerariae are added to play the functions of promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis and enhancing the immunity.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following specific examples.
In this embodiment:
a traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving immunity of beef cattle comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 23 parts of corn, 18 parts of wheat, 9 parts of soybean meal, 7 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 8 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 8 parts of donkey-hide gelatin, 6 parts of caulis spatholobi, 5 parts of radix curcumae, 7 parts of radix puerariae, 14 parts of straw, 12 parts of pineapple residue and 12 parts of herbal tea residue.
A preparation method of traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving immunity of beef cattle comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing the raw materials according to the parts for later use;
s2, crushing the straws, pouring the crushed straws into a tank, adding a lignocellulose leavening agent for fermentation, pouring pineapple dregs and herbal tea dregs into another tank, adding probiotics into the tank for fermentation, taking out fermented substances produced in the second time after fermentation for one week, and mixing the fermented substances for later use;
s3, grinding the corn, the wheat and the soybean meal into powder, stirring uniformly, putting into warm water at 45 ℃ and heating for 1.2 hours in a water-separating way, and taking out the mixed powder for later use;
s4, grinding radix Codonopsis, radix astragali, colla Corii Asini, caulis Spatholobi, radix Curcumae and radix Puerariae into powder, respectively, adding into a stirrer together with the mixed powder, adding salt, calcium phosphate, sodium bicarbonate and amino acids, and stirring for 1.5 hr to obtain basic feed;
s5, mixing the basic feed and the fermented product uniformly, and drying to obtain the evenly dispersed beef cattle feed.
The first experimental case: application of fermented straw feed
The test is carried out in a certain beef cattle farm, and 32 Simmental hybrid cattle (6-8 months old) which are healthy and have similar body weight and genetic background are selected as test objects and randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group, wherein the control group is coarse feed of whole corn silage, and the experimental group is fermented straw feed for 2 months. After the test is finished, all the cattle are slaughtered, and the fermented straw feed is found to improve the growth performance and the meat quality of the cattle.
Note: the difference between the different letters is significant (P <0.05), the following.
Experiment case two: application of fermented pineapple dregs
The test is carried out in a certain beef cattle breeding base, the test animals are 20 Simmental bulls at the later fattening stage (20 months old), and the weight is 546 +/-44 kg. The test comprises a pre-test period of 7 days and a formal test period of 60 days, and the cattle are randomly divided into a control group and an experimental group according to the composition of daily ration, wherein the coarse feed of the control group is the giant silage fungi, and the experimental group is prepared by replacing 50% of the giant silage fungi with fermented pineapple dregs (the coarse feed contains 50% of the fermented pineapple dregs and 50% of the giant silage fungi).
8 morning daily during the official trial period: 30 minutes, the remnants of each experimental cow were collected, weighed using an electronic scale (accurate to 0.05kg) and recorded. The daily feed intake value is calculated as the total feeding amount in the current day minus the remaining feed amount in the second day. All cattle were driven to a weighing station (accurate to 0.5kg) on the first and last morning of the final trial period, the weighing data was recorded and the average daily gain to feed weight ratio over the trial period was calculated.
Note: the data in the same row are marked with different lower case letters to indicate significant difference (P < 0.05).
The result shows that the average daily gain of the beef cattle in the experimental group is improved by 41.43 percent compared with that in the control group; the feed conversion ratio is obviously reduced by 36.40%, which shows that the fermented pineapple dregs in the test group are beneficial to improving the feed conversion efficiency of daily ration of cattle, and in addition, the fermented pineapple dregs also have an improvement effect on the oxidation resistance of the cattle, so that the occurrence of heat stress under a hot condition can be reduced, and the healthy growth of the cattle is further ensured.
Experiment case three: application of fermented cold tea leaves
The test is carried out in a certain beef cattle breeding base, and comprises a pre-test period of 7 days and a formal test period of 60 days. The test selects 30 healthy Simmental hybrid bulls with similar weight and genetic background, randomly divides the bulls into a control group and an experimental group according to the composition of daily ration, wherein the coarse feed of the control group is silage elephant grass, and the experimental group replaces 30% silage elephant grass with fermented cool tea residues (the coarse feed contains 50% fermented cool tea residues and 50% silage elephant grass). 8 morning daily during the official trial period: 30 minutes, the remnants of each experimental cow were collected, weighed using an electronic scale (accurate to 0.05kg) and recorded. The daily feed intake value is calculated as the total feeding amount in the current day minus the remaining feed amount in the second day. All cattle were driven to a weighing station (accurate to 0.5kg) on day 1 and before morning feeding on day 60 of the official test period, the weighing data were recorded and the average daily gain to feed weight ratio over the test period was calculated.
Note: the data in the same row are marked with different lower case letters to indicate significant difference (P < 0.05).
The results show that the feed intake and average daily gain of beef cattle in the experimental group are obviously higher than those of the control group (P <0.05), and the feed-weight ratio is obviously lower than that of the control group (P <0.05), so that the micro-storage herbal tea residue can improve the feed intake and average daily gain of beef cattle and reduce the feed-weight ratio. In addition, the fermented herbal tea residues also have an effect of improving the beef quality, can adjust the immunity of the cattle and enhance the disease resistance of the cattle.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving the immunity of beef cattle is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-25 parts of corn, 15-20 parts of wheat, 8-10 parts of soybean meal, 5-9 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 6-10 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 6-10 parts of donkey-hide gelatin, 5-8 parts of caulis spatholobi, 3-7 parts of radix curcumae, 5-9 parts of radix puerariae, 12-15 parts of straw, 10-15 parts of pineapple residue and 10-15 parts of cold tea residue.
2. The traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving the immunity of beef cattle is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 23 parts of corn, 18 parts of wheat, 9 parts of soybean meal, 7 parts of codonopsis pilosula, 8 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 8 parts of donkey-hide gelatin, 6 parts of caulis spatholobi, 5 parts of radix curcumae, 7 parts of radix puerariae, 14 parts of straw, 12 parts of pineapple residue and 12 parts of herbal tea residue.
3. A preparation method of traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving immunity of beef cattle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing the raw materials according to the parts for later use;
s2, crushing the straws, pouring the crushed straws into a tank, adding a leaven A for fermentation, pouring the pineapple dregs and the herb tea dregs into another tank, adding a leaven B for fermentation, taking out fermented substances produced in the second time after fermentation, and mixing the fermented substances for later use;
s3, grinding the corn, the wheat and the soybean meal into powder, uniformly stirring, putting into warm water for heat treatment for 1.2 hours, and taking out the mixed powder for later use;
s4, grinding the codonopsis pilosula, the astragalus membranaceus, the donkey-hide gelatin, the caulis spatholobi, the radix curcumae and the radix puerariae into powder respectively, pouring the powder and the mixed powder into a stirrer, adding salt, calcium phosphate, baking soda and amino acid, and stirring for 1-1.5 hours to obtain a basic feed;
s5, mixing the basic feed and the fermented product uniformly, and drying to obtain the evenly dispersed beef cattle feed.
4. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving immunity of beef cattle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fermentation agent A used by the straw is a lignocellulose fermentation agent, and the fermentation time is one week.
5. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving the immunity of beef cattle according to claim 1, wherein the leavening agent B used by the pineapple residue and the herb tea residue is probiotics, and the fermentation time is one week.
6. The method for preparing the traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving the immunity of beef cattle according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heat treatment in the S3 is 40-50 ℃.
7. The method for preparing traditional Chinese medicine residue feed for improving immunity of beef cattle according to claim 1, wherein the heat treatment in S3 is water-proof heating.
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| CN109820101A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-05-31 | 华南农业大学 | A kind of raising beef cattle oxidation resistance and the fermented feed of immunocompetence and the preparation method and application thereof |
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