CN111769667A - Series-parallel magnetic circuit separated magnetic pole type memory motor - Google Patents
Series-parallel magnetic circuit separated magnetic pole type memory motor Download PDFInfo
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- CN111769667A CN111769667A CN202010611950.3A CN202010611950A CN111769667A CN 111769667 A CN111769667 A CN 111769667A CN 202010611950 A CN202010611950 A CN 202010611950A CN 111769667 A CN111769667 A CN 111769667A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
- H02K1/272—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
- H02K1/274—Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K2213/00—Specific aspects, not otherwise provided for and not covered by codes H02K2201/00 - H02K2211/00
- H02K2213/03—Machines characterised by numerical values, ranges, mathematical expressions or similar information
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Permanent Field Magnets Of Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a series-parallel magnetic circuit separated magnetic pole type memory motor which comprises a stator, an armature winding, a mixed permanent magnet rotor and a rotating shaft, wherein the armature winding is arranged on the stator, the mixed permanent magnet rotor is arranged on the inner side of the stator, the rotating shaft is arranged on the inner side of the mixed permanent magnet rotor, the mixed permanent magnet rotor comprises a rotor core, parallel magnetic circuit type N pole magnetic poles, series magnetic circuit type S pole magnetic poles and triangular magnetic barriers, the triangular magnetic barriers are positioned at the centers of the magnetic poles, the N pole magnetic poles are composed of first low-coercivity permanent magnets and first high-coercivity permanent magnets, and the first low-coercivity permanent magnets and the first high-coercivity permanent magnets are arranged in a parallel magnetic; the S pole consists of a second low-coercivity permanent magnet and a second high-coercivity permanent magnet which are arranged in a series magnetic circuit, the second low-coercivity permanent magnet is close to the second high-coercivity permanent magnet, and the second high-coercivity permanent magnet is placed close to the rotating shaft. The invention can improve the space utilization rate of the rotor, further broaden the magnetic adjustment range of the motor and ensure the stability of the permanent magnet working point.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a memory motor, in particular to a series-parallel magnetic circuit split magnetic pole type memory motor.
Background
Because the Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) adopts the traditional rare earth Permanent Magnet material (such as neodymium iron boron) with higher magnetic energy product, the PMSM has the advantages of high power density, high efficiency, reliable operation, strong overload capacity and the like, and is an important research and development object in the field of motors. Because of the inherent characteristics of common permanent magnet materials (such as neodymium iron boron) and the basically unchanged air gap field in the motor, the traditional permanent magnet synchronous motor has a very limited speed regulation range and is limited in application in wide speed regulation direct-drive occasions such as electric vehicles, aerospace and the like, and therefore, the flux-adjustable permanent magnet motor which aims at realizing effective regulation of the air gap field of the permanent magnet motor is always a hotspot in the field of motor research. A permanent magnet memory motor (hereinafter referred to as a memory motor) is a novel magnetic flux adjustable permanent magnet motor, which adopts a low-coercive-force alnico permanent magnet and generates a pulse magnetic field through a stator winding or a direct-current pulse winding so as to change the working point of the permanent magnet and realize the adjustment of an air gap magnetic field, and simultaneously, the alnico permanent magnet, a nonmagnetic interlayer and a rotor core form a sandwich structure together. The permanent magnet has the characteristic that the magnetic density level can be memorized.
The memory motor with the traditional topological structure is developed from a write pole type motor, and the special rotor structure can realize the on-line repeated irreversible charging and de-magnetizing of the permanent magnet and simultaneously reduce the influence of quadrature axis armature reaction on an air gap magnetic field.
Most of the existing research focuses on an alternating current magnetic regulation type hybrid permanent magnet memory motor, neodymium iron boron and aluminum nickel cobalt permanent magnets are arranged on a rotor, and an armature winding has two functions of power control and magnetic regulation. The existing hybrid permanent magnet memory motor is mainly divided into a series magnetic circuit structure and a parallel magnetic circuit structure, wherein an alnico permanent magnet in the series magnetic circuit structure has stable working point, but relatively narrow magnetic regulation range and large magnetic regulation current; the magnetic regulating range in the parallel magnetic circuit structure is wider, but the armature reaction easily causes the accidental demagnetization of the alnico permanent magnet.
Patent CN109412293A proposes a series-parallel magnetic circuit memory motor, which adopts a structure of mixing a series magnetic circuit and a parallel magnetic circuit under the same pole, and improves the stability of the permanent magnet operating point while expanding the magnetic regulation range. However, the series magnetic circuit and the parallel magnetic circuit are simultaneously arranged under the same pole, which causes the space to be too crowded, the design flexibility of the rotor core is not high, in addition, the permanent magnet consumption is increased, and the cost is too high.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: aiming at the respective defects of the traditional series or parallel magnetic circuit hybrid permanent magnet memory motor, the invention aims to provide a series and parallel magnetic circuit split magnetic pole type memory motor to ensure the stability of a permanent magnet working point and widen the magnetic regulation range of the motor.
The technical scheme is as follows: a series-parallel magnetic circuit split magnetic pole type memory motor comprises a stator, an armature winding, a mixed permanent magnet rotor and a rotating shaft, wherein the armature winding is arranged on the stator, the mixed permanent magnet rotor is arranged on the inner side of the stator, the rotating shaft is arranged on the inner side of the mixed permanent magnet rotor, and the mixed permanent magnet rotor comprises a rotor core, triangular magnetic barriers uniformly arranged on the periphery of the rotating shaft, and parallel magnetic circuit type N-pole magnetic poles and series magnetic circuit type S-pole magnetic poles which are arranged at intervals; and one of the two adjacent triangular magnetic barriers is correspondingly provided with a parallel magnetic circuit type N pole magnetic pole, and the other is correspondingly provided with a series magnetic circuit type S pole magnetic pole.
Furthermore, the parallel magnetic circuit type N-pole magnetic pole comprises two parallel permanent magnet structural units which are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the corresponding triangular magnetic barrier, each parallel permanent magnet structural unit comprises a first high-coercivity permanent magnet and a first low-coercivity permanent magnet, and the two first high-coercivity permanent magnets in the same magnetic pole are positioned on two sides of the first low-coercivity permanent magnets and arranged in a parallel magnetic circuit mode, so that the magnetic regulation range of the motor can be effectively improved. And the two first low-coercivity permanent magnets under the same parallel magnetic circuit type N-pole magnetic poles are magnetized along the radial direction, and the directions are the same.
Furthermore, the series magnetic circuit type S pole magnetic pole comprises two series permanent magnet structure units which are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the corresponding triangular magnetic barrier; the series magnetic circuit type S pole comprises a second low-coercivity permanent magnet and a second high-coercivity permanent magnet which are arranged in a series magnetic circuit, so that the stability of the working point of the second low-coercivity permanent magnet is improved; the second low coercivity permanent magnet is positioned immediately adjacent the second high coercivity permanent magnet and the second high coercivity permanent magnet is positioned immediately adjacent the shaft. And two second low-coercivity permanent magnets under the same series magnetic circuit type S pole are magnetized along the radial direction, and the directions are the same.
The first low-coercivity permanent magnet and the second low-coercivity permanent magnet of the adjacent magnetic pole are opposite in magnetizing direction. The first high-coercivity permanent magnet and the second high-coercivity permanent magnet of the adjacent magnetic pole are magnetized in opposite directions along the radial direction.
In the same magnetic pole, the magnetization direction of the first/second low-coercivity permanent magnet is the same as that of the first/second high-coercivity permanent magnet, and the motor is in a forward magnetization state, otherwise, the motor is in a reverse magnetization state.
Preferably, the first high-coercivity permanent magnet and the second high-coercivity permanent magnet are both neodymium iron boron permanent magnets. The first low-coercivity permanent magnet and the second low-coercivity permanent magnet are both alnico permanent magnets.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention gives consideration to the respective advantages of two magnetic circuit hybrid permanent magnet memory motors, and the permanent magnet field of part of the motor in the weak magnetic state is in short circuit in the rotor by constructing the N-pole lower parallel magnetic circuit structure, thereby widening the magnetic regulation range of the motor; the stability of the working point of the second low-coercivity permanent magnet is effectively improved by constructing a magnetic circuit structure connected in series under the S pole; according to the invention, the rotor core adopts a mixed magnetic pole structure, and the two magnetic poles under the same pair of poles adopt different permanent magnet arrangement modes to form different magnetic circuit structures, so that the space utilization rate of the rotor can be improved to a certain extent, the structure is simple, and the design difficulty is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the motor of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a magnetic line distribution diagram when the first and second low coercive force permanent magnets of the motor of the present invention are magnetized in the forward direction;
fig. 3 is a magnetic flux distribution diagram when the first and second low coercive force permanent magnets of the motor of the present invention are reversely magnetized.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is explained in detail in the following by combining the drawings and the specific embodiments of the specification.
Referring to fig. 1, a series-parallel magnetic circuit split magnetic pole type memory motor of the present embodiment includes a stator 1, an armature winding 2, a hybrid permanent magnet rotor 3, and a rotating shaft 4. The rotating shaft 4, the mixed permanent magnet rotor 3 and the stator 1 are arranged in sequence from inside to outside. The stator 1 comprises stator core teeth 1.1 and stator yokes 1.2, the stator core teeth 1.1 are arranged between the stator yokes 1.2 and the hybrid permanent magnet rotor 3, cavities 1.3 are formed between adjacent stator core teeth 1.1 and used for placing armature windings 2 wound on the stator core teeth 1.1, and the hybrid permanent magnet rotor 3 is arranged around the outer portion of the rotating shaft 4.
The rotor core of the hybrid permanent magnet rotor 3 adopts a hybrid magnetic pole structure and is provided with a plurality of pairs of magnetic poles, and two adjacent magnetic poles under a pair of poles adopt different permanent magnet arrangement modes to form different magnetic circuit structures, namely a parallel magnetic circuit type N pole magnetic pole and a series magnetic circuit type S pole magnetic pole.
The first high-coercivity permanent magnet 3.1 and the first low-coercivity permanent magnet 3.2 which are in parallel magnetic circuit relation under the N pole of the rotor core form a parallel permanent magnet structural unit 3.5, and each parallel magnetic circuit type N pole consists of two parallel permanent magnet structural units 3.5 which are symmetrically distributed on two sides of a triangular magnetic barrier 3.7.
The second high coercive force permanent magnet 3.3 and the second low coercive force permanent magnet 3.4 which are in a series magnetic circuit relationship under the S pole of the rotor core constitute a series permanent magnet structural unit 3.6. Each series magnetic circuit type S pole magnetic pole is composed of two series permanent magnet structural units 3.6 which are symmetrically distributed on two sides of a triangular magnetic barrier 3.7.
Two first low-coercivity 3.2 permanent magnets under the same parallel magnetic circuit type N pole magnetic poles are magnetized along the radial direction, and the directions are the same; two second low-coercivity permanent magnets 3.4 under the same series magnetic circuit type S pole are magnetized along the radial direction, and the directions are the same; the first low-coercivity permanent magnet 3.2 and the second low-coercivity permanent magnet 3.4 of the adjacent magnetic pole have opposite magnetizing directions; the first high coercive force permanent magnet 3.1 and the second high coercive force permanent magnet 3.3 of the adjacent magnetic pole are magnetized in the radial direction, in opposite directions. The number of the parallel magnetic circuit type N pole magnetic poles is the same as that of the series magnetic circuit type S pole magnetic poles.
The number of the triangular magnetic barriers 3.7 depends on the selection of the number of poles, and in the embodiment, the number of the triangular magnetic barriers 3.7 is six, the number of the parallel permanent magnet structural units 3.5 and the number of the series permanent magnet structural units 3.6 are three, the number of the first high-coercivity permanent magnets 3.1 is six, the number of the first low-coercivity permanent magnets 3.2 is six, the number of the second high-coercivity permanent magnets 3.3 is six, and the number of the second low-coercivity permanent magnets 3.4 is six. The first high-coercivity permanent magnet 3.1 and the second high-coercivity permanent magnet 3.3 are both neodymium iron boron permanent magnets, and the first low-coercivity permanent magnet 3.2 and the second low-coercivity permanent magnet 3.4 are both alnico permanent magnets.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the operation principle of the series-parallel magnetic circuit split magnetic pole type memory motor of the present embodiment is as follows: the permanent magnetic flux starts from the north pole of a first high-coercivity permanent magnet 3.1 arranged on a rotor iron core along the circumferential radial direction, if the first low-coercivity permanent magnet 3.2 is magnetized along the magnetic flux direction of the first high-coercivity permanent magnet 3.1, the first low-coercivity permanent magnet 3.2 and a second low-coercivity permanent magnet 3.4 are in a magnetized state at the moment, the magnetic fluxes of the first low-coercivity permanent magnet 3.2 and the second low-coercivity permanent magnet are superposed, pass through an air gap, reach a stator iron core tooth 1.1, pass through a stator yoke 1.2, return to the rotor iron core through the same path, sequentially pass through the second low-coercivity permanent magnet 3.4 and the second high-coercivity permanent magnet 3.3, and finally return to the south pole of the first high-coercivity permanent magnet 3.1.
If the first low coercive force permanent magnet 3.2 is magnetized against the magnetic flux direction of the first high coercive force permanent magnet 3.1, the two low coercive force permanent magnets are in a weak magnetic state, part of the permanent magnetic flux of the first high coercive force permanent magnet 3.1 from the north pole is short-circuited, the magnetic flux passes through the first low coercive force permanent magnet 3.2 and directly returns to the south pole of the first high coercive force permanent magnet 3.1, and the rest of the magnetic flux finally returns to the south pole of the first high coercive force permanent magnet 3.1 according to the path. The magnetic line distribution of the first low-coercive-force permanent magnet 3.1 and the second low-coercive-force permanent magnet 3.4 in two magnetization states is shown in fig. 2 and 3. Meanwhile, three-phase alternating current with the same rotating speed as the mixed permanent magnet rotor 3 is introduced into the motor armature winding 2, and the rotating magnetic fields formed by the stator and the rotor interact with each other, so that electromechanical energy conversion is realized.
The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a series-parallel magnetic circuit divides puts magnetic pole type memory motor, includes stator (1), armature winding (2), mixes permanent magnet rotor (3) and pivot (4), armature winding (2) set up on stator (1), mix permanent magnet rotor (3) and set up at stator (1) inboard, pivot (4) set up in mixing permanent magnet rotor (3) inboard, its characterized in that: the hybrid permanent magnet rotor (3) comprises a rotor core, a triangular magnetic barrier (3.7), and parallel magnetic circuit type N pole magnetic poles and series magnetic circuit type S pole magnetic poles which are arranged at intervals; the triangular magnetic barriers (3.7) are uniformly arranged around the rotating shaft (4), two adjacent triangular magnetic barriers (3.7) are provided with parallel magnetic circuit type N pole magnetic poles, and the other triangular magnetic barrier is provided with series magnetic circuit type S pole magnetic poles; the number of the parallel magnetic circuit type N pole magnetic poles is equal to that of the series magnetic circuit type S pole magnetic poles.
2. The series-parallel magnetic circuit split pole type memory motor according to claim 1, characterized in that: the parallel magnetic circuit type N pole magnetic pole comprises two parallel permanent magnet structural units (3.5) which are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the corresponding triangular magnetic barriers;
the parallel permanent magnet structural unit (3.5) comprises a first high-coercivity permanent magnet (3.1) and a first low-coercivity permanent magnet (3.2), and two first high-coercivity permanent magnets (3.1) in the same magnetic pole are positioned on two sides of the first low-coercivity permanent magnet (3.2) and are arranged in a parallel magnetic circuit; two first low-coercivity permanent magnets (3.2) under the same parallel magnetic circuit type N pole are magnetized along the radial direction, and the directions are the same.
3. The series-parallel magnetic circuit split pole type memory motor according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the series magnetic circuit type S pole magnetic pole comprises two series permanent magnet structural units (3.6) which are symmetrically distributed on two sides of a corresponding triangular magnetic barrier (3.7);
the series permanent magnet structural unit (3.6) comprises a second high-coercivity permanent magnet (3.3) and a second low-coercivity permanent magnet (3.4) which are arranged in a series magnetic circuit; and two second low-coercivity permanent magnets (3.4) under the same series magnetic circuit type S pole are magnetized along the radial direction, and the directions are the same.
4. The series-parallel magnetic circuit split pole type memory motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: the second high coercivity permanent magnet (3.3) is placed against the shaft.
5. The series-parallel magnetic circuit split pole type memory motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first low-coercivity permanent magnet (3.2) and the second low-coercivity permanent magnet (3.4) of the adjacent magnetic pole are opposite in magnetizing direction.
6. The series-parallel magnetic circuit split pole type memory motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first high-coercivity permanent magnet (3.1) and the second high-coercivity permanent magnet (3.3) of the adjacent magnetic pole are magnetized in radial directions, in opposite directions.
7. The series-parallel magnetic circuit split pole type memory motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: in the same magnetic pole, the magnetization direction of the first/second low-coercive-force permanent magnet (3.2)/(3.4) is the same as the magnetization direction of the first/second high-coercive-force permanent magnet (3.1)/(3.3), and the motor is in a forward magnetization state, otherwise, the motor is in a reverse magnetization state.
8. The series-parallel magnetic circuit split pole type memory motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first high-coercivity permanent magnet (3.1) and the second high-coercivity permanent magnet (3.3) are both neodymium-iron-boron permanent magnets.
9. The series-parallel magnetic circuit split pole type memory motor according to claim 3, characterized in that: the first low-coercivity permanent magnet (3.2) and the second low-coercivity permanent magnet (3.4) are both alnico permanent magnets.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010611950.3A CN111769667B (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Series-parallel magnetic circuit separated magnetic pole type memory motor |
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| CN202010611950.3A CN111769667B (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Series-parallel magnetic circuit separated magnetic pole type memory motor |
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| CN111769667B CN111769667B (en) | 2023-02-28 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112436633A (en) * | 2020-11-12 | 2021-03-02 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Three-section type V-shaped series-parallel combined magnetic pole adjustable flux motor |
| CN117856480A (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-04-09 | 苏州市职业大学（苏州开放大学） | Mixed magnetic pole single-winding double-salient-pole bearingless memory motor |
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