CN111750540A

CN111750540A - Solar water heater

Info

Publication number: CN111750540A
Application number: CN202010625838.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 顾春雷; 田兵; 邹万流; 吴涛; 张磊; 李明
Original assignee: Nanjing Yangtze River Urban Architectural Design Co Ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Yangtze River Urban Architectural Design Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-07-01
Filing date: 2020-07-01
Publication date: 2020-10-09
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-01
Also published as: CN111750540B

Abstract

The invention discloses a solar water heater, and belongs to the field of solar water heating equipment. The invention discloses a solar water heater, which comprises a water storage tank, a wind mechanism, an adjusting mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a circulating mechanism, wherein the wind mechanism is arranged on the water storage tank and comprises a second rotating shaft and a plurality of fan blades capable of driving the second rotating shaft to rotate; the circulating mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft transversely arranged in the water storage tank, a plurality of impellers are axially arranged on the first rotating shaft, and the impellers are used for driving water in the water storage tank to flow; the transmission shaft of the transmission mechanism is used for connecting the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft in a transmission manner, and the adjusting mechanism is used for controlling the rotating speed of the transmission shaft. The solar water heater of the invention utilizes wind energy to drive the circulating mechanism to uniformly mix cold and hot water in the water storage tank, and the adjusting mechanism controls the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft of the circulating mechanism, thereby improving the uniformity of water temperature in the water storage tank and avoiding the generation of cold and hot water stratification.

Description

Solar water heater

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of solar water heaters, in particular to a solar water heater.

Background

Solar water heaters are indispensable household facilities in daily life of people. The solar water heater is a heating device for converting solar energy into heat energy, and aims to heat water from low temperature to high temperature so as to meet the requirement of hot water in life and production of people. The solar water heater is divided into a vacuum tube type solar water heater and a flat plate type solar water heater according to the structural form.

The vacuum tube type solar water heater is mainly formed by combining a heat collecting tube, a water storage tank and a related support, wherein the heat collecting tube is usually positioned below the water storage tank. It will be appreciated that within a certain temperature interval, for example above room temperature, the higher the temperature of the liquid water, the lower its density. Therefore, after the cold water in the water storage tank is heated, under the influence of the density difference, the hot water in the heat collecting pipe floats upwards into the water storage tank, and the cold water in the water storage tank sinks downwards into the heat collecting pipe, so that the convection circulation of the cold water and the hot water in the water storage tank is realized. Similarly, under the influence of the density difference, the cold water and the hot water in the water storage tank can generate a layering phenomenon, and a plurality of problems are generally caused.

For example, the cold and hot water stratification causes cold water in the water storage tank to continuously flow into the heat collecting tube for heat exchange, and calcium and magnesium ions in the water are more likely to form scale and accumulate in the heat collecting tube.

For solving this problem, chinese patent document with application number 2010201640695 discloses a non-pressure-bearing formula solar water heater, and this water heater includes evacuated collector tube and heat storage water tank, evacuated collector tube is connected with heat storage water tank, evacuated collector tube has the inclosed interior sleeve pipe of one end opening one end, interior sleeve pipe open end stretches out evacuated collector tube suddenly and is in heat storage water tank's upper portion. However, the scheme realizes layered heating through heat exchange between hot water and cold water in the water storage tank, reduces the amount of cold water flowing into the heat collecting pipe, and effectively reduces the formation of scale.

For example, the hot and cold water stratification causes the water temperature in the water storage tank to be unevenly distributed along the height direction, so that the water temperature in the front section is low and the water temperature in the middle section and the water temperature in the rear section are gradually increased when the solar water heater is used. According to the common use habit of users, the front section water with lower water temperature is generally abandoned, and the middle section water with higher water temperature needs to be mixed with cold water to adjust the water temperature for use, thereby causing the waste of resources to a certain extent.

In order to solve the problem, the chinese patent application No. 2012203097359 discloses a temperature-adjustable solar water heater water-saving device, which comprises two water pumps, an electromagnetic valve, a controller, a temperature sensor and a water level sensor, wherein the two water pumps are connected with the controller through a line; the number of the electromagnetic valves is 3, and the electromagnetic valves are connected with the controller through lines; the number of the temperature sensors is 3, two of the temperature sensors are positioned above and on the left side of the adjusting water mixing valve, and the other temperature sensor is positioned on the solar water heater. One of the 3 electromagnetic valves is arranged on the water outlet pipe, and the other two electromagnetic valves are arranged on the tap water pipe and are respectively positioned at the two sides of the adjusting water mixing valve; the water level sensor is arranged on one side of the water storage tank.

However, the amount of cold water stored in the water outlet pipe is limited, the water temperature adjusting capacity is general, the fundamental problem of cold and hot water layering in the water storage tank is not solved, and the temporary solution and the permanent solution are not achieved; in addition, the cold water in the water outlet pipe is mixed with the hot water in the water storage tank by using the water suction pump, so that a large amount of electric energy is consumed.

Disclosure of Invention

1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention

The invention aims to overcome the defect that cold hot water in a water storage tank of a solar water heater in the prior art consumes large electric energy when being circularly and uniformly mixed by an electric pump, and provides a solar water heater. The solar water heater disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the wind energy is used for driving the circulating mechanism to uniformly mix cold and hot water in the water storage tank, the electric energy converted from the solar energy is used for driving the adjusting mechanism to control the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft of the circulating mechanism, the water temperature uniformity in the water storage tank is improved, and the cold and hot water stratification phenomenon is avoided.

2. Technical scheme

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:

a solar water heater comprises a water storage tank, a wind mechanism, an adjusting mechanism, a transmission mechanism and a circulating mechanism; the wind power mechanism is arranged on the water storage tank and comprises a second rotating shaft and a plurality of fan blades capable of driving the second rotating shaft to rotate; the circulating mechanism comprises a first rotating shaft transversely arranged in the water storage tank, and a plurality of impellers are axially arranged on the first rotating shaft and used for driving water in the water storage tank to flow; the transmission shaft of the transmission mechanism is used for connecting the first rotating shaft with the second rotating shaft in a transmission manner, and the adjusting mechanism is used for controlling the rotating speed of the transmission shaft.

Further, the adjusting mechanism comprises a first adjusting mechanism,

the speed reducing mechanism comprises a speed reducing driving part and a speed reducing part, and the rotation speed of the speed reducing mechanism is controlled in a mode that the speed reducing driving part drives the speed reducing part to be in contact with/separated from the transmission shaft; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

and the auxiliary mechanism comprises an auxiliary driving piece, and an auxiliary output shaft of the auxiliary driving piece is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft.

Further, the speed reducing mechanism comprises two speed reducing parts which are oppositely arranged, and the two speed reducing parts can move towards each other and contact with the transmission shaft from two directions.

Further, the shape of the surface of the speed reducer facing the transmission shaft corresponds to the shape of the outer side wall of the transmission shaft, and the surface of the speed reducer facing the transmission shaft is made of an elastic material.

Furthermore, the auxiliary output shaft is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft through a gear matched with the output wheel and the transmission wheel, or in transmission connection with a belt, or in transmission connection with a chain.

Furthermore, the auxiliary output shaft is perpendicular to the transmission shaft, an output bevel gear is arranged on the auxiliary output shaft, a transmission bevel gear is arranged on the transmission shaft, and the output bevel gear is meshed with the transmission bevel gear.

Furthermore, the auxiliary output shaft is arranged in parallel to the transmission shaft, an output gear is arranged on the auxiliary output shaft, a transmission gear is arranged on the transmission shaft, and the output gear is meshed with the transmission gear.

Furthermore, one-way transmission is realized between the transmission wheel and the transmission shaft through a second ratchet mechanism.

Furthermore, the second ratchet mechanism comprises a second ratchet wheel arranged on the inner side of the transmission wheel and a second pawl connected to the transmission shaft, and a second return spring capable of forcing the second pawl to be matched with the ratchet teeth of the second ratchet wheel is arranged on the transmission shaft.

The solar energy storage system further comprises a solar panel and a storage battery, wherein the solar panel is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and storing the electric energy in the storage battery; the storage battery is used for supplying power to the adjusting mechanism.

3. Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:

(1) the invention relates to a solar water heater, which is arranged on a wind power mechanism above a water storage tank and comprises a second rotating shaft and a plurality of fan blades capable of driving the second rotating shaft to rotate; a first rotating shaft of the circulating mechanism is transversely arranged in the water storage tank, and a plurality of impellers are axially arranged on the first rotating shaft and are used for driving water in the water storage tank to flow; the transmission shaft of the transmission mechanism is in transmission connection with the first rotating shaft and the second rotating shaft, the adjusting mechanism is used for controlling the rotating speed of the transmission shaft, and the solar cell panel device is used for supplying power to the adjusting mechanism, so that cold and hot water layering is not easily generated in water in the solar water heater, the water temperature is more uniform, and the solar water heater is more convenient to use.

(2) In the invention, the second ratchet mechanism comprises a second ratchet wheel arranged on the inner side of the driving wheel and a second pawl connected to the transmission shaft, and the transmission shaft is provided with a second return spring which can force the second pawl to be matched with the ratchet teeth of the second ratchet wheel, so that one-way transmission is realized between the driving wheel and the transmission shaft through the second ratchet mechanism, and the transmission shaft can not drive the output shaft of the auxiliary driving piece to rotate when the rotating speed of the transmission shaft is too high due to overlarge wind power, thereby effectively preventing the auxiliary driving piece from being damaged and prolonging the service life of the adjusting mechanism.

(3) In the invention, the solar panel is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and storing the electric energy in the storage battery; the solar cell panel device is arranged on the water storage tank, the first rotating shaft in the water storage tank is in transmission connection with the wind mechanism through the transmission shaft, the rotating speed of the transmission shaft is controlled by the adjusting mechanism, and the storage battery is used for supplying power to the adjusting mechanism, so that the solar water heater does not need to additionally provide power during operation, energy consumption can be saved, and meanwhile, the utilization rate of solar energy and wind energy is improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a solar water heater in embodiment 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an intercooling and hot water circulating apparatus according to embodiment 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an impeller in embodiment 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the direction of water flow in the water storage tank and the rotation direction of the wind mechanism in embodiment 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of an adjusting mechanism in embodiment 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a fitting relationship between an output gear and a transmission gear in embodiment 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a fitting relationship between an output bevel gear and a transmission bevel gear in embodiment 1;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of a fitting relationship between the second rotating shaft and the second connecting shaft in embodiment 1;

FIG. 9 is a schematic configuration diagram of an intercooling and hot water circulation apparatus according to embodiment 2;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the relationship between the direction of water flow in the water storage tank and the rotational direction of the wind mechanism in embodiment 2;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the fitting relationship between the first transmission bevel gear and the second transmission bevel gear in embodiment 2;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a solar water heater according to embodiment 3;

fig. 13 is a schematic view illustrating a solar panel device and a hot and cold water circulating device in accordance with embodiment 3.

The reference numerals in the schematic drawings illustrate: 110. a water storage tank; 111. an exhaust port; 112. a flow rate detector; 113. a solar panel; 114. a storage battery; 120. a heat collecting pipe; 130. a base; 140. a support; 150. a support bar; 200. a wind power mechanism; 210. a fan blade; 220. a second rotating shaft; 230. a first drive bevel gear; 231. a third bearing; 240. a first bearing; 300. an adjustment mechanism; 310. a deceleration drive; 320. a speed reducer; 330. an auxiliary drive; 340. an auxiliary output shaft; 351. outputting the bevel gear; 352. an output gear; 360. a ball bearing; 370. a deceleration output shaft; 400. a transmission mechanism; 410. a drive shaft; 420. driving bevel gears; 430. a first ratchet mechanism; 431. a first ratchet wheel; 432. a first pawl; 433. a first connecting shaft; 440. a second ratchet mechanism; 441. a second ratchet wheel; 442. a second pawl; 443. a second connecting shaft; 444. a transmission bevel gear; 445. a transmission gear; 450. a second drive bevel gear; 460. a second bearing; 500. a circulating mechanism; 510. a first rotating shaft; 520. a passive bevel gear; 530. an impeller; 531. a blade.

Detailed Description

For a further understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

The structure, proportion, size and the like shown in the drawings are only used for matching with the content disclosed in the specification, so that the person skilled in the art can understand and read the description, and the description is not used for limiting the limit condition of the implementation of the invention, so the method has no technical essence, and any structural modification, proportion relation change or size adjustment still falls within the scope of the technical content disclosed by the invention without affecting the effect and the achievable purpose of the invention. In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right" and "middle" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the relative positions may be changed or adjusted without substantial technical changes.

In a water storage tank of the solar water heater, cold water and hot water are easily layered under the action of density difference, so that the temperature of the water in the heat collecting pipe is always lower than the temperature of the upper water in the water storage tank, and the integral thermal efficiency of the solar water heater can be improved to a certain extent. However, since the water intake of the water storage tank is usually located at the lower part of the water storage tank, if water is directly taken, the water temperature at the front section is lower, and the water temperature at the rear section is higher, which is very inconvenient; if the water in the water storage tank is uniformly mixed by using the water pump or the motor, an additional power supply needs to be connected for supplying power, and the power consumption is large.

To solve the above problems, referring to fig. 1, the solar water heater according to the present embodiment includes a hot and cold water circulating device, specifically, a wind-driven hot and cold water circulating device, provided in a body thereof. The cold and hot water circulating device may include a wind force mechanism 200 and a circulating mechanism 500, the circulating mechanism 500 is disposed in the water storage tank 110, the wind force mechanism 200 can convert wind energy into mechanical energy and transmit the mechanical energy to the circulating mechanism 500, so that water in the water storage tank 110 is circulated under the action of the circulating mechanism 500, and the water temperature of each area in the water storage tank 110 tends to be uniform.

In addition, a transmission mechanism 400 may be disposed between the wind mechanism 200 and the circulation mechanism 500, and the transmission mechanism 400 is used for driving and connecting the wind mechanism 200 and the circulation mechanism 500, so that the mechanical energy converted by the wind mechanism 200 can be transmitted to the circulation mechanism 500. Of course, the wind power mechanism 200 and the circulation mechanism 500 may be directly connected by a transmission, such as a gear transmission, a belt transmission, or a chain transmission.

Example 1

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the circulation mechanism 500 of the hot and cold water circulating apparatus of the present embodiment includes a first rotating shaft 510 and a plurality of impellers 530, for example, the impellers 530 may be provided in one, two, or more. The first rotating shaft 510 is transversely disposed inside the water storage tank 110, for example, the first rotating shaft 510 may be disposed along the axial direction of the water storage tank 110 and located at a relatively middle position of the water storage tank 110; the impellers 530 are disposed on the first rotating shaft 510, and when the impellers 530 are disposed in two or more, the impellers 530 may be axially distributed along the first rotating shaft 510, and further, may be equally spaced.

Referring to fig. 3, the impeller 530 is provided with a plurality of blades 531, and when the first rotating shaft 510 rotates with respect to the water storage tank 110, the blades 531 agitate the water in the water storage tank 110, so that the plurality of blades 531 cooperate to accomplish a directional flow of the water. In order to improve the uniform mixing effect of the circulation mechanism 500 on the water in the water storage tank 110 and reduce the water temperature difference of each area in the water storage tank 110, the rotation direction of the impeller 530 may correspond to the upper end port of the heat collecting pipe 120, so that the impeller 530 has a tendency of bringing the water located at the upper layer in the water storage tank 110 into the heat collecting pipe 120 and bringing the water in the heat collecting pipe 120 to the lower layer of the water storage tank 110 when rotating.

Fig. 4 shows a possible positional relationship between the rotation direction of the impeller 530 and the upper end port of the heat collecting tube 120 in the present embodiment. Specifically, as an embodiment, the heat collecting tube 120 may be provided in multiple numbers, the multiple heat collecting tubes 120 are arranged along the axial direction of the water storage tank 110, and the upper ends of the heat collecting tubes 120 extend into the water storage tank 110 and are located at the left side of the water storage tank 110. The impeller 530 rotates counterclockwise in fig. 4, so that the hot water above the water storage tank 110 can preferentially enter the heat collecting pipe 120, and the water flowing out of the heat collecting pipe 120 can preferentially enter the lower part of the water storage tank 110, and then the water and the cold water below the water storage tank 110 are mixed uniformly for the first time; meanwhile, under the action of the impeller 530, water below the water storage tank 110 flows to the upper side of the water storage tank 110, so that secondary mixing of cold water and hot water is realized. Based on the above-mentioned rotation of the impeller 530, the water in the water storage tank 110 is fully mixed, and the water temperature in each area of the water storage tank 110 tends to be consistent.

As another embodiment, the upper end of the heat collecting pipe 120 may be located at the right side of the water storage tank 110 in fig. 4, and at this time, the impeller 530 rotates clockwise in fig. 4; the upper end of the heat collecting pipe 120 may also be located at the middle position of the water storage tank 110 in fig. 4, and at this time, the impeller 530 may rotate clockwise in fig. 4, or rotate counterclockwise, or rotate alternately clockwise and counterclockwise.

In addition, in order to further improve the mixing effect of the impeller 530 on the cold and hot water in the water storage tank 110, the plurality of blades 531 may be circumferentially distributed along the first rotating shaft 510, and further, may be circumferentially distributed at equal intervals; it is also possible to bend the free ends of the blades 531 away from the direction of rotation of the first rotating shaft 510.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the wind power mechanism 200 of the present embodiment includes a second rotating shaft 220 and a plurality of blades 210. The blades 210 are disposed on the second rotating shaft 220, and the plurality of blades 210 are circumferentially arranged along the second rotating shaft 220, further equidistantly circumferentially arranged. When the air at the wind mechanism 200 flows, the fan blades 210 can be driven to rotate the second rotating shaft 220, so that the wind energy is converted into mechanical energy and transmitted to the circulating mechanism 500.

In the present embodiment, the second rotating shaft 220 may be disposed perpendicular to the first rotating shaft 510. Referring to fig. 8, the free ends of the blades 210 may be led out along the radial direction of the second rotating shaft 220 and bent toward the second rotating shaft 220, the bending directions of the plurality of blades 210 are simultaneously clockwise or simultaneously counterclockwise with respect to the second rotating shaft 220, and the plurality of blades 210 are at least partially overlapped around the circumferential direction of the second rotating shaft 220 to form a wind energy conversion unit of the wind power mechanism 200. At this time, when the air at the wind mechanism 200 flows in any direction in the plane perpendicular to the second rotating shaft 220, the fan blade 210 drives the second rotating shaft 220 to rotate, so as to improve the utilization efficiency of the wind mechanism 200 of the embodiment for the wind energy.

In addition, the present embodiment may also adopt an unpowered hood commonly used in the related art as the wind energy conversion unit in the wind power mechanism 200, such as the unpowered hood disclosed in chinese patent application No. 2018105666017.

In the present embodiment, the transmission mechanism 400 includes a transmission shaft 410, the transmission shaft 410 is disposed perpendicular to the first rotation shaft 510, and the transmission connection between the first rotation shaft 510 and the second rotation shaft 220 is realized through the transmission shaft 410.

Specifically, the transmission shaft 410 may be provided with driving bevel teeth 420, the first rotation shaft 510 may be provided with driven bevel teeth 520, and the driving bevel teeth 420 are engaged with the driven bevel teeth 520, so as to realize transmission connection between the transmission shaft 410 and the first rotation shaft 510.

In order to improve the wind energy conversion efficiency of the hot and cold water circulating device of the present embodiment, the transmission shaft 410 and the second rotating shaft 220 may also be in one-way transmission connection through the first ratchet mechanism 430.

In one embodiment, the first ratchet mechanism 430 includes a first ratchet 431 disposed on the second rotating shaft 220, and a first pawl 432 connected to the transmission shaft 410, and the transmission shaft 410 is provided with a first return spring capable of forcing the first pawl 432 to cooperate with the ratchet teeth of the first ratchet 431.

Referring to fig. 8, the ratchet teeth of the first ratchet 431 are arranged clockwise, and an inclination angle of an inclined plane in the clockwise direction of the ratchet teeth with respect to an inner side wall of the first ratchet 431 is smaller than an inclination angle of an inclined plane in the counterclockwise direction of the ratchet teeth with respect to an inner side wall of the first ratchet 431, and simultaneously, a free end of the first pawl 432 is clamped into the ratchet teeth of the first ratchet 431 along the inclined plane in the counterclockwise direction of the ratchet teeth, and the first return spring may be a compression spring.

When air flows at the wind mechanism 200, the fan blade 210 drives the second rotating shaft 220 to rotate clockwise, and at the moment, the first ratchet 431 rotates synchronously with the second rotating shaft 220, so that an inclined surface of the first ratchet on the first ratchet 431 in the counterclockwise direction is abutted against a free end of the first pawl 432, the first pawl 432 is tightly clamped with the first ratchet 431, and the transmission shaft 410 is driven to rotate synchronously with the second rotating shaft 220.

When the air flow rate at the wind mechanism 200 is decreased, the rotation rate of the second rotating shaft 220 is decreased under the resistance of the fan blade 210, so that the rotation rates of the second rotating shaft 220 and the transmission shaft 410 are no longer the same, and at this time, the free end of the first pawl 432 is out of contact with the counterclockwise inclined surface of the first ratchet and is in contact with the clockwise inclined surface of the second ratchet in front of the first ratchet; the slope of the first pawl 432 in the clockwise direction of the second ratchet tooth forces down against the slope and compresses the first return spring; when the free end of the first pawl 432 passes over the clockwise slope of the second ratchet tooth, it will return to the original position under the action of the first return spring and is located between the counterclockwise slope of the second ratchet tooth and the clockwise slope of the third ratchet tooth in front of the second ratchet tooth, and so on, thus forming a unidirectional transmission of the transmission shaft 410 and the second rotation shaft 220 of the present embodiment.

As another embodiment, the first ratchet mechanism 430 includes a first ratchet 431 disposed on the transmission shaft 410, and a first pawl 432 connected to an inner sidewall of the second rotating shaft 220, and the second rotating shaft 220 is provided with a first return spring capable of forcing the first pawl 432 to be engaged with the ratchet teeth of the first ratchet 431.

As a further optimization of the embodiment, a first connecting shaft 433 is connected between the second rotating shaft 220 and the transmission shaft 410, and the first connecting shaft 433 is sleeved on the second rotating shaft 220 or connected with the second rotating shaft 220 through a coupler; the first pawl 432 is hinged on the inner side wall of the first connecting shaft 433, one end of a first return spring is connected with the first pawl 432, and the other end of the first return spring is connected with the first connecting shaft 433.

It should be noted that, in both embodiments, the transmission shaft 410 and the second rotating shaft 220 can realize unidirectional transmission, and the effect is equivalent.

In addition, to realize the rotation of the second rotating shaft 220 relative to the water storage tank 110, the wind power mechanism 200 of the present embodiment may further include a rotating seat. The rotating base is fixedly connected to the second rotating shaft 220 and can rotate synchronously with the second rotating shaft 220. A plurality of balls 360 may be disposed on the upper sidewall of the water storage tank 110, the rotating base is supported on the plurality of balls 360, and the second rotating shaft 220 is rotated relative to the water storage tank 110 through the balls 360, that is, the wind mechanism 200 is rotated relative to the water storage tank 110; it is also possible to embed a plurality of balls on a side of the rotating base facing the water storage tank 110 and support the wind mechanism 200 on the upper sidewall of the water storage tank 110 by the plurality of balls while achieving rotation of the wind mechanism 200 with respect to the water storage tank 110.

It should be understood that the wind strength of the environment where the solar water heater of the present embodiment is used may vary with day-night variation of the use place, weather variation and four seasons variation. In this case, in order to improve the applicability of the solar water heater of the present embodiment, the adjusting mechanism 300 may be provided in the cold and hot water circulating apparatus. The adjusting mechanism 300 can prevent the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft 510 from being too fast when the wind power is too large, and can assist the wind power mechanism to input power to the first rotating shaft 510 when the wind power is small, so that the rotating speed of the first rotating shaft 510 is controlled within a certain range, and the heat exchange efficiency of cold and hot water in the water storage tank 110 is improved. Wherein, a flow velocity detector 112 may be disposed in the water storage tank 110, and the flow velocity of water in the water storage tank 110 is measured by the flow velocity detector 112, so as to control the rotation speed of the first rotation shaft 510.

Specifically, referring to fig. 5, the adjustment mechanism 300 includes a speed reduction mechanism and an assist mechanism. The speed reducing mechanism comprises a speed reducing driving member 310 and a speed reducing member 320, wherein the speed reducing member 320 is arranged on a speed reducing output shaft 370 of the speed reducing driving member 310; the speed reducing mechanism reduces the speed of the transmission shaft 410 by driving the speed reducing driving part 310 to drive the speed reducing part 320 to contact with the transmission shaft 410 so as to control the rotating speed of the transmission shaft 410 and prevent the rotating speed of the transmission shaft 410 from being too high; the auxiliary mechanism includes an auxiliary driving member 330, and an auxiliary output shaft 340 of the auxiliary driving member 330 is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft 410 so as to drive the transmission shaft 410 to rotate the first rotating shaft 510 when the mechanical energy converted by the wind mechanisms 200 is not enough to drive the first rotating shaft 510 to rotate at the preset rotation rate. The auxiliary driving member 330 may be a stepping motor or a servo motor.

In this embodiment, the speed reducing mechanism may include two speed reducing members 320 which are oppositely disposed, and the two speed reducing members 320 are respectively located on different sides of the transmission shaft 410 and can move towards each other and contact the transmission shaft 410 from two directions, so as to clamp the transmission shaft 410 to a variable degree to control the speed reducing amplitude of the speed reducing mechanism. Specifically, the deceleration driving member 310 may be an air cylinder, an oil cylinder, or a motor. When the deceleration driving member 310 is an air cylinder or an oil cylinder, the moving end of the deceleration driving member 310 can be directly connected to the deceleration member 320; when the deceleration driving member 310 is a motor, the moving end of the motor can be connected by a lead screw mechanism, or a bevel gear pair, or other equivalent transmission methods, and the motor can be a servo motor or a stepping motor.

The reduction member 320 is made of an elastic material, such as a rubber material, at least in a portion facing the drive shaft 410. Meanwhile, the shape of the surface of the speed reducer 320 facing the transmission shaft 410 corresponds to the shape of the outer side wall of the transmission shaft 410, so that when the two speed reducers 320 approach each other and embrace the transmission shaft 410, a larger contact area is formed between the speed reducer 320 and the transmission shaft 410, thereby improving the speed reducing effect of the speed reducing mechanism.

The auxiliary mechanism may be a gear drive connection, a belt drive connection, or a chain drive connection, for example, without limitation to the rotational manner between the auxiliary output shaft 340 and the drive shaft 410.

Specifically, when the auxiliary output shaft 340 is in gear transmission connection with the transmission shaft 410, an output wheel may be disposed on the auxiliary output shaft 340, and a transmission wheel may be disposed on the transmission shaft 410, and the output wheel and the transmission wheel are engaged with each other to realize transmission of the auxiliary output shaft 340 and the transmission shaft 410.

As an embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the auxiliary output shaft 340 may be disposed parallel to the transmission shaft 410, the output gear 352 may be disposed on the auxiliary output shaft 340, the transmission shaft 410 may be disposed with the transmission gear 445, and the output gear 352 may be engaged with the transmission gear 445.

As another embodiment, referring to fig. 7, the auxiliary output shaft 340 may be disposed perpendicular to the transmission shaft 410, the auxiliary output shaft 340 may be provided with output bevel teeth 351, the transmission shaft 410 may be provided with transmission bevel teeth 444, and the output bevel teeth 351 may be engaged with the transmission bevel teeth 444.

It should be noted that, in both embodiments, the auxiliary output shaft 340 and the transmission shaft 410 can realize gear transmission, and the specific implementation effects of the two embodiments are equal.

It should be understood that, in the solar water heater of this embodiment, when the wind is too strong, the auxiliary mechanism does not need to operate to provide additional power input to the transmission shaft 410, so that during the operation stop of the auxiliary driving member 330, the transmission shaft 410 can cooperate with the transmission wheel through the output wheel to make the auxiliary output shaft 340 rotate passively, which is easy to damage the auxiliary driving member 330. Therefore, in order to solve the above problem, a second ratchet mechanism may be provided between the transmission wheel and the transmission shaft 410, thereby achieving unidirectional transmission between the auxiliary output shaft 340 and the transmission shaft.

In one embodiment, the second ratchet mechanism 440 includes a second ratchet wheel 441 fixedly connected to the transmission wheel, and a second pawl 442 hingedly connected to the transmission shaft 410, and the transmission shaft 410 is provided with a second return spring capable of forcing the second pawl 442 to cooperate with the ratchet teeth of the second ratchet wheel 441.

Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the ratchet teeth of the second ratchet wheel 441 are arranged clockwise, and an inclination angle of an inclined surface of the ratchet teeth in the clockwise direction with respect to an inner side wall of the second ratchet wheel 441 is smaller than an inclination angle of an inclined surface of the ratchet teeth in the counterclockwise direction with respect to an inner side wall of the second ratchet wheel 441, and simultaneously, the free end of the second pawl 442 is clamped into the ratchet teeth of the second ratchet wheel 441 along the inclined surface of the ratchet teeth in the counterclockwise direction, and the second return spring may be a compression spring.

When the auxiliary driving member 330 is operated, the auxiliary output shaft 340 drives the driving wheel to rotate through the output wheel, so that the second ratchet 441 rotates synchronously with the driving wheel, the ratchet teeth of the second ratchet 441 are tightly clamped with the second pawl 442, and the driving shaft 410 is driven to rotate synchronously with the driving wheel.

When the auxiliary driving member 330 stops operating, the transmission shaft 410 is driven by the wind mechanism 200 to rotate, and the transmission shaft 410 rotates relative to the transmission wheel through the cooperation of the second ratchet 441 and the second pawl 442, so as to realize the unidirectional transmission between the transmission shaft 410 and the auxiliary output shaft 340 of the present embodiment.

As a further optimization, the transmission shaft 410 may be provided with a second connection shaft 443, and the second connection shaft 443 may specifically be sleeved on the transmission shaft 410, or may be connected to the two sections of transmission shafts 410 through a coupling. At this time, the second pawl 442 may be hingedly disposed on the second connecting shaft 443, and the second return spring may also be disposed on the second connecting shaft 443.

As another embodiment, the first ratchet mechanism 430 includes a second ratchet wheel 441 disposed on the transmission shaft 410, and a second pawl 442 connected to the transmission wheel, and the transmission wheel is provided with a second return spring capable of forcing the second pawl 442 to cooperate with the ratchet teeth of the second ratchet wheel 441.

In addition, it should be noted that, in this example, when the transmission shaft 410 and the second rotating shaft 220 are in one-way transmission, and at the same time, when the auxiliary output shaft 340 and the transmission shaft are in one-way transmission, the auxiliary output shaft 340 drives the transmission shaft to rotate, and the transmission shaft 410 and the second rotating shaft 220 are disengaged from transmission under the action of the first ratchet mechanism 430, so that the auxiliary mechanism does not drive the fan blade 210 of the wind power mechanism 200 to rotate, the load of the auxiliary driving member 330 is greatly reduced, and energy is saved.

The embodiment further provides a solar water heater, wherein a cold and hot water circulating device is arranged on the body of the solar water heater, and the cold and hot water circulating device is used for uniformly mixing cold and hot water in the water storage tank 110, so that the cold and hot water stratification phenomenon is avoided.

Example 2

Referring to fig. 9 and 10, in the cold and hot water circulating apparatus of the present embodiment, the second rotating shaft 220 of the wind mechanism 200 is perpendicular to the transmission shaft 410, at least three blades 210 are led out from the second rotating shaft 220, and the free ends of the blades 210 are disposed opposite to the second rotating shaft 220. At least three blades 210 are arranged along the circumferential direction of the second rotating shaft 220, so as to form the wind energy conversion unit of the present embodiment, and further, are arranged in the circumferential direction at equal intervals. Further, in the present embodiment, a windmill mechanism commonly used in the related art may be employed as the wind energy conversion unit.

The second rotating shaft 220 is connected to the housing of the wind power mechanism 200 through a first bearing 240, and the second rotating shaft 220 is provided with a first transmission bevel gear 230; the transmission shaft 410 is connected to the housing of the wind power mechanism 200 or the upper sidewall of the water storage tank 110 through the second bearing 460, the transmission shaft 410 is provided with a second transmission bevel gear 450, and the first transmission bevel gear 230 is engaged with the second transmission bevel gear 450, so as to realize the transmission connection between the second rotation shaft 220 and the transmission shaft 410.

Also, in order to improve the wind energy conversion efficiency of the hot and cold water circulating apparatus of the present embodiment, in the present embodiment, a one-way transmission connection between the transmission shaft 410 and the second rotating shaft 220 may also be implemented through the first ratchet mechanism 430.

In one embodiment, the first transmission bevel gear 230 is provided with a first ratchet 431, the second rotating shaft 220 is connected with a first pawl 432, and the second rotating shaft 220 is provided with a first return spring capable of forcing the first pawl 432 to be engaged with the ratchet teeth of the first ratchet 431.

In another embodiment, the second rotating shaft 220 is provided with a first ratchet 431, the first driving bevel gear 230 is connected with a first pawl 432, and the first driving bevel gear 230 is provided with a first return spring capable of forcing the first pawl 432 to be matched with the ratchet teeth of the first ratchet 431.

As a further optimization, referring to fig. 11, the first transmission bevel gear 230 may be coupled to the second rotating shaft 220 through a third bearing 231. When the fan blade 210 drives the second rotating shaft 220 to rotate, the first pawl 432 is engaged with the first ratchet 431, so that the first transmission bevel gear 230 and the second rotating shaft 220 rotate synchronously; when the fan blade 210 no longer drives the second rotating shaft 220 to rotate, the third bearing 231 allows the first transmission bevel gear 230 to rotate relative to the second rotating shaft 220, thereby reducing the load of the auxiliary driving member 330.

Example 3

Referring to fig. 12 and 13, in the present embodiment, a solar cell panel 113 and a storage battery 114 may also be provided. The solar panel 113 may convert solar energy into electrical energy for storage in the battery 114. the battery 114 may power the adjustment mechanism 300, such as powering the reduction drive 310 within the adjustment mechanism 300, or powering the auxiliary drive 330.

The embodiment also provides a solar water heater, the body of which comprises a base 130, a support rod 150, a water storage tank 110 and two brackets 140, one end of the bracket 140 is connected with the water storage tank 110, the other end of the bracket 140 is connected with the base 130, and the support rod 150 is connected between the two brackets 140; a plurality of heat collecting pipes 120 are arranged on the water storage tank 110, one end of each heat collecting pipe 120 is connected with the base 130, and the other end of each heat collecting pipe 120 is inserted into the water storage tank 110; a solar cell panel 113 and a storage battery 114 are disposed above the water storage tank 110. An air outlet 111 may be further disposed on the upper sidewall of the water storage tank 110, and a pressure relief valve may be disposed in the air outlet 111. When the water amount in the storage tank 110 is not large, the exhaust port can be used for exhausting the excessive hot air in the storage tank 110 to release the pressure.

The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, without departing from the spirit of the invention, the person skilled in the art shall not inventively design the similar structural modes and embodiments to the technical solution, but shall fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A solar water heater is characterized in that: comprises a water storage tank (110), a wind mechanism (200), an adjusting mechanism (300), a transmission mechanism (400) and a circulating mechanism (500); the wind power mechanism (200) is arranged on the water storage tank (110) and comprises a second rotating shaft (220) and a plurality of fan blades (210) capable of driving the second rotating shaft (220) to rotate; the circulating mechanism (500) comprises a first rotating shaft (510) transversely arranged in the water storage tank (110), a plurality of impellers (530) are axially arranged on the first rotating shaft (510), and the impellers (530) are used for driving the water in the water storage tank (110) to flow; the transmission shaft (410) of the transmission mechanism (400) is used for connecting the first rotating shaft (510) with the second rotating shaft (220) in a transmission manner, and the adjusting mechanism (300) is used for controlling the rotating speed of the transmission shaft (410).

2. A solar water heater according to claim 1, wherein: the adjustment mechanism (300) comprises a first adjustment mechanism,

the speed reducing mechanism comprises a speed reducing driving part (310) and a speed reducing part (320), and the speed reducing mechanism controls the rotation speed of the speed reducing mechanism in a manner that the speed reducing driving part (310) drives the speed reducing part (320) to be in contact with/separated from the transmission shaft (410); and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,

the auxiliary mechanism comprises an auxiliary driving part (330), and an auxiliary output shaft (340) of the auxiliary driving part (330) is in transmission connection with the transmission shaft (410).

3. A solar water heater according to claim 2, wherein: the speed reducing mechanism comprises two speed reducing parts (320) which are oppositely arranged, and the two speed reducing parts (320) can move towards each other and are in contact with the transmission shaft (410) from two directions.

4. A solar water heater according to claim 2 or 3, wherein: the shape of the surface of the speed reducer (320) facing the transmission shaft (410) corresponds to the shape of the outer side wall of the transmission shaft (410), and the surface of the speed reducer (320) facing the transmission shaft (410) is made of elastic materials.

5. A solar water heater according to claim 4, wherein: the auxiliary output shaft (340) is in gear transmission connection with the transmission shaft (410) through matching of an output wheel and a transmission wheel, or in belt transmission connection, or in chain transmission connection.

6. A solar water heater according to claim 5, wherein: the auxiliary output shaft (340) is perpendicular to the transmission shaft (410), an output bevel gear (351) is arranged on the auxiliary output shaft (340), a transmission bevel gear (444) is arranged on the transmission shaft (410), and the output bevel gear (351) is meshed with the transmission bevel gear (444).

7. A solar water heater according to claim 5, wherein: the auxiliary output shaft (340) is arranged in parallel to the transmission shaft (410), an output gear (352) is arranged on the auxiliary output shaft (340), a transmission gear (445) is arranged on the transmission shaft (410), and the output gear (352) is meshed with the transmission gear (445).

8. A solar water heater according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein: the transmission wheel and the transmission shaft (410) realize one-way transmission through a second ratchet mechanism (440).

9. A solar water heater according to claim 8, wherein: the second ratchet mechanism (440) comprises a second ratchet wheel (441) arranged on the inner side of the transmission wheel and a second pawl (442) connected to the transmission shaft (410), and a second return spring capable of forcing the second pawl (442) to be matched with the ratchet teeth of the second ratchet wheel (441) is arranged on the transmission shaft (410).

10. A solar water heater according to claim 1, wherein: the solar energy storage system further comprises a solar panel (113) and a storage battery (114), wherein the solar panel (113) is used for converting solar energy into electric energy and storing the electric energy in the storage battery (114); the accumulator (114) is used for supplying power to the adjusting mechanism (300).