CN111740784A - Microwave photon composite modulation synthesis extremely narrow pulse generation system based on electro-optical modulation - Google Patents
Microwave photon composite modulation synthesis extremely narrow pulse generation system based on electro-optical modulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a broadband microwave frequency phase composite modulation signal generation system based on electro-optical modulation, which utilizes a frequency-electric adjustable microdisk optical filter in an electro-optical oscillation module to perform frequency selection on an oscillation starting signal so as to realize frequency modulation; carrying out any phase encoding by using an electro-optic phase modulator in a phase modulation module; the phase-locked loop module is used for carrying out phase locking on the generated signals, so that the phase coherence of the radar working waveform is ensured; the signal generator can generate a linear frequency modulation signal, a frequency coding signal and a frequency phase composite coding signal, and flexible and changeable waveforms can meet target detection requirements in various complex scenes; compared with the traditional electronic technical means, the microwave broadband signal generated by utilizing the optical technology has the remarkable advantages of high frequency, large bandwidth, easy waveform reconstruction and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave signal generation devices, in particular to a broadband microwave frequency phase composite modulation signal generation system based on electro-optical modulation.
Background
Modern radars need to have the characteristics of low interception, interference resistance and the like, and radars with low interception probability often adopt signal forms such as frequency coding, phase coding, noise modulation and the like. Several signals have advantages and disadvantages, and the phase coding signal has the capabilities of waveform agility, interference resistance and low interception, but is sensitive to Doppler frequency shift. The frequency coding signal can realize larger bandwidth and higher peak-to-side lobe ratio, but the general modulation rule is simpler. Under the condition of the prior art, a single phase or frequency code is difficult to realize a larger time-bandwidth product, and the low interception performance is greatly limited. The frequency phase composite coding signal can realize the complementary advantages of frequency coding and phase coding, thereby obtaining higher distance and speed resolution and simultaneously obtaining better low interception probability performance.
In the early days, the generation of broadband radar signals was mainly done with microwave signal generators. The microwave oscillator is a core component of a microwave signal generator, and comprises a quartz oscillator, a high-quality dielectric cavity oscillator and the like. However, the signals generated by the microwave oscillator are all at fixed frequencies and usually operate in a lower frequency band, and the performance of the microwave oscillator cannot meet the requirements of the development of radar technology. With the rapid development of electronic technology, the Direct Digital Synthesis (DDS) employs a digital sampling storage technique, calculates sampling values of each point of a signal according to parameters such as a predetermined sampling frequency, a predetermined signal bandwidth, a predetermined time width, a predetermined encoding method, and the like, stores the sampling values in a high-speed memory in advance, and generates a wideband arbitrary modulation signal through a digital-to-analog conversion circuit. However, due to the nonlinearity of the digital circuit, the output signal is more stray, and it is generally difficult to realize high-purity signal generation, and in addition, the memory required for storing the waveform data with large bandwidth is beyond the storage capacity range of the current mainstream FPGA chip. Therefore, it is difficult to generate a large-bandwidth arbitrary modulation signal in a digital manner at present.
The microwave photon technology has the advantages of high quality, low loss, large bandwidth and the like in radio frequency signal generation and processing, and provides a new idea and way for broadband signal generation. An optoelectronic oscillator (OEO) is a novel oscillator combining microwave and photon technologies, and can be widely applied to the fields of communication, radar, accurate measurement and the like. For the broadband arbitrary modulation waveform adopted in the radar field, the practical application of OEO needs to solve two problems: firstly, how to effectively control the initial phase of a generated signal and ensure the coherence of a radar working waveform; secondly, how to generate broadband arbitrary waveform signals with larger instantaneous bandwidth, more complex modulation mode and better frequency stability.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a broadband microwave frequency phase complex modulation signal generation system based on electro-optical modulation, which can generate signals with high frequency, large bandwidth and easily reconstructed waveforms.
The broadband microwave frequency phase composite modulation signal generation system based on electro-optical modulation comprises a photoelectric oscillator module, a phase-locked loop module and a phase modulation module;
the photoelectric oscillator module is a photoelectric mixed resonant cavity closed-loop structure formed by an optical signal link and a microwave signal link;
the optical signal link comprises a laser source, a first electro-optic phase modulator, an Add-Drop type microdisk resonant cavity optical filter with tunable frequency, an optical fiber delay line and a first photoelectric detector; the microwave signal link comprises a microwave coupler, a microwave power amplifier and a biaser;
a continuous optical signal emitted by a laser source is modulated by a first electro-optical phase modulator and then is accessed to a microdisk resonant cavity optical filter through an input port; after frequency selection, the optical signal is output by the straight-through output port and then input into the first photoelectric detector through the optical fiber delay line;
the first photoelectric detector converts an optical signal into an electric signal, the electric signal is amplified by the microwave power amplifier and combined with an output signal of the phase-locked loop module by the biaser to drive the electro-optic phase modulator, and a positive feedback closed loop circuit is formed;
the phase-locked loop module comprises a microwave frequency divider, a frequency mixer and a low-pass filter; the frequency divider divides the frequency of the microwave oscillation signal of the photoelectric oscillator module to obtain a signal with the frequency equivalent to the reference signal; the frequency mixer compares the frequency of an input reference signal with the frequency-divided microwave oscillation signal, outputs a signal representing the difference between the input reference signal and the frequency-divided microwave oscillation signal, filters the high-frequency component of the difference signal through a low-pass filter, and reserves a direct-current part, namely a phase modification signal, namely a phase-locked loop module output signal;
the phase modulation module comprises a second electro-optic phase modulator, an optical coupler and a second photoelectric detector; the second electro-optical phase modulator carries out random phase modulation on the optical signal from the laser source, the modulated optical signal and the optical signal output by the download port of the optical filter of the microdisc resonant cavity are combined through the optical coupler and are incident on the second photoelectric detector for beat frequency, and therefore the broadband random modulation microwave signal can be obtained.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a broadband microwave frequency phase composite modulation signal generation system based on electro-optical modulation, which utilizes a frequency-electric adjustable microdisk optical filter in an electro-optical oscillation module to perform frequency selection on oscillation-starting signals so as to realize frequency modulation; carrying out any phase encoding by using an electro-optic phase modulator in a phase modulation module; and the phase-locked loop module is used for carrying out phase locking on the generated signals, so that the phase coherence of the radar working waveform is ensured. The signal generator can generate a linear frequency modulation signal, a frequency coding signal and a frequency phase composite coding signal, and flexible and changeable waveforms can meet target detection requirements in various complex scenes; compared with the traditional electronic technical means, the microwave broadband signal generated by utilizing the optical technology has the remarkable advantages of high frequency, large bandwidth, easy waveform reconstruction and the like.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a broadband microwave frequency phase complex modulation signal generation method based on electro-optical modulation.
The device comprises a laser source 1, a beam splitter 2, a phase modulator 3, a microdisk filter 4, an optical fiber delay line 5, a photodetector 6, a microwave coupler 7, a microwave power amplifier 8, a bias device 9, a frequency divider 10, a mixer 11, a low-pass filter 12, a phase modulator 13, an optical combiner 14 and a photodetector 15.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
A broadband microwave frequency phase composite modulation signal generation system based on electro-optical modulation comprises a photoelectric oscillator module, a phase-locked loop module and a phase modulation module.
The photoelectric oscillator module is a photoelectric mixed resonant cavity closed-loop structure formed by an optical signal link and a microwave signal link. The optical signal link comprises optical devices such as a laser source, an electro-optic phase modulator, an Add-Drop type micro-disk resonant cavity optical filter with tunable frequency, an optical fiber delay line and a photoelectric detector; the microwave signal link comprises microwave devices such as a microwave coupler, a microwave power amplifier and a bias device. The continuous optical signal emitted by the laser is modulated by the electro-optical phase modulator, and then the input port is connected to the optical filter of the microdisc resonant cavity. The optical signal is output from the through output port after frequency selection by the filter, the selection frequency is determined by the resonant frequency of the microdisk resonant cavity, and the optical signal enters the photoelectric detector through the optical fiber. The photoelectric detector converts the optical signal into an electric signal, the electric signal is amplified by the microwave power amplifier and is combined with the output signal of the phase-locked loop module by the biaser to drive the electro-optic phase modulator, and a positive feedback closed loop circuit is formed. Within the ring, the active devices may generate random noise signals at different frequencies. The noise signals are subjected to frequency selection in an optical domain through a micro-disk resonant cavity optical filter, are amplified through the gain of a microwave power amplifier, and establish stable oscillation in a ring after multiple cycles. The frequency of the oscillation signal is mainly determined by the passband characteristics of the optical filter of the microdisk resonator and is continuously adjustable along with the tuning of the microdisk resonant frequency.
In a phase-locked loop oscillator, the phase of a reference signal (e.g., a master signal from an opto-electronic oscillator) is used by a phase comparator to compare with the phase of an oscillating signal. The phase difference of each of the reference and oscillator signals is used to generate a phase error output which is provided to a variable signal for correcting for deviations in the phase and/or frequency of the slave oscillator.
The phase-locked loop module comprises a microwave frequency divider, a frequency mixer and a low-pass filter. The stable microwave signal output of the photoelectric oscillator module is firstly passed through a frequency divider, the output of the photoelectric oscillator is reduced to the frequency with the same level as the reference microwave signal, then the phase of the input reference signal and the oscillation signal of the feedback loop is compared by using a mixer, a signal representing the difference between the two signals is output, the high-frequency component of the difference signal is filtered by a low-pass filter, and the direct-current part, namely the phase modification signal, is reserved. The phase modification signal and the amplified microwave signal output by the photoelectric oscillator module are combined by a biaser and then feedback-driven to the electro-optic phase modulator. Through the phase-locked loop module, the stable output microwave signal of the photoelectric oscillator and the reference input microwave signal are subjected to phase locking, the frequency stability of the generated microwave signal is improved, and the phase locking is realized.
The phase modulation module consists of an electro-optic phase modulator, an optical coupler and a photoelectric detector. In order to generate any broadband radio frequency signal, the phase modulation module performs any phase modulation including phase quadratic modulation and phase complex coded modulation on the optical signal from the same laser source by using an optical phase modulator. The modulated optical signal and the optical signal output by the photoelectric oscillator module at the optical filter download port of the microdisc resonant cavity are optically coupled and combined, and the optical signal is incident on a photoelectric detector for beat frequency, so that a broadband arbitrarily modulated microwave signal can be obtained.
Example (b):
a broadband arbitrary waveform generator based on microwave photons is used for synthesizing a chirp signal, a frequency coding signal, a frequency phase composite coding signal and the like and mainly comprises a frequency modulation part, a phase locking part and a phase modulation part. Wherein:
the frequency modulation part is completed by the photoelectric oscillator module. The phase modulator 3, the Add-Drop microdisk filter 4, the optical fiber delay line 5, the photoelectric detector 6, the microwave coupler 7, the microwave amplifier and the biaser 9 are sequentially connected, and the output of the biaser 9 is connected to the phase modulator 3 to form a closed loop; the closed loop forms the main structure of the photoelectric oscillator in the embodiment; one output of the microwave coupler 7 is connected with the phase locking part; one output of the Add-Drop micro disk filter 4 is connected with the phase modulation part.
The laser source 1 emits an original laser, the original laser is divided into two paths of lasers through the optical splitter 2, wherein the first path of laser is connected to the frequency modulation part, and the other second path of laser is connected to the phase modulation part. The first path of laser accessed to the frequency modulation part is accessed to an Add-Drop micro disk filter 4 through a phase modulator 3. After frequency selection by an Add-Drop micro-disk filter 4, the optical fiber enters an optical fiber delay line 5 from a straight-through port; the photoelectric detector 6 converts the first path of laser signals into microwave signals, then the microwave signals are connected into the microwave coupler 7 and divided into two paths, the first path of microwave signals are connected into the phase locking part, the second path of microwave signals are amplified through the microwave power amplifier 8, the amplified microwave signals are connected into the biaser 9, phase modification signals from the phase locking part are combined and connected into the phase modulator 3 to modulate the first path of laser, the combined signals from the biaser 9 are loaded on the first path of laser, and the circulation is continued.
The phase locking part is connected in sequence by a frequency divider 10, a mixer 11 and a low-pass filter 12; the first path of microwave output of the microwave coupler 7 is connected to the frequency divider 10, and the frequency of the first path of microwave signal is reduced to the frequency of the same level as that of the reference microwave signal; the first path of microwave signal with the reduced frequency is accessed into the frequency mixer 11, and is compared with the reference microwave signal in phase to obtain a difference signal; the difference signal is accessed to a low-pass filter 12, the high-frequency component of the difference signal is filtered, and the direct-current part, namely the phase modification signal, is reserved; the obtained phase modification signal is connected into the biaser 9, and is combined with the second path of microwave signal to be connected into the phase modulator 3, so that the phase locking and stable output of the photoelectric oscillator are realized.
The phase modulation part is formed by connecting a phase modulator 13, an optical combiner 14 and a photoelectric detector 15 in sequence. The second path of original laser from the optical splitter 2 is accessed into a phase modulator, and a phase coding signal is modulated onto the laser; the modulated laser is connected into an optical combiner 14 and is combined with an optical signal filtered out from one path of a download port of the Add-Drop microdisk filter 4; the combined optical signal is connected to the photodetector 15 and converted into a microwave signal for output.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: the original laser signal is loaded with a microwave signal after passing through a frequency modulation partial loop of a photoelectric oscillator, the laser carries the microwave signal to realize the oscillation of the microwave signal in a feedback loop under the condition that the optical/electric gain of a link is larger than loss, and the high-quality microwave signal is generated by virtue of the energy storage capacity of an optical fiber delay line. And then the tunable filtering characteristic of the Add-Drop micro-disk filter is utilized to realize the frequency modulation of the generated microwave signal. By means of the phase locking section, phase locking and stable output are achieved. And the second path of laser signal is subjected to any phase modulation by the phase modulation part, wherein the phase modulation comprises phase secondary modulation and phase composite coding modulation. And combining the first path of laser signals after optical coupling and filtering, and accessing the combined laser signals to a photoelectric detector for beat frequency to obtain a linear frequency modulation signal, a frequency coding signal and a frequency phase composite coding signal.
The method adopts a photon technology to generate microwave signals, can generate linear frequency modulation signals, frequency coding signals and frequency phase composite coding signals, and flexible and changeable waveforms can meet target detection requirements in various complex scenes; compared with the traditional electronic technical means, the microwave broadband signal generated by utilizing the optical technology has the remarkable advantages of high frequency, large bandwidth, easy waveform reconstruction and the like.
In summary, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. The broadband microwave frequency phase composite modulation signal generation system based on electro-optical modulation is characterized by comprising a photoelectric oscillator module, a phase-locked loop module and a phase modulation module;
the photoelectric oscillator module is a photoelectric mixed resonant cavity closed-loop structure formed by an optical signal link and a microwave signal link;
the optical signal link comprises a laser source, a first electro-optic phase modulator, an Add-Drop type microdisk resonant cavity optical filter with tunable frequency, an optical fiber delay line and a first photoelectric detector; the microwave signal link comprises a microwave coupler, a microwave power amplifier and a biaser;
a continuous optical signal emitted by a laser source is modulated by a first electro-optical phase modulator and then is accessed to a microdisk resonant cavity optical filter through an input port; after frequency selection, the optical signal is output by the straight-through output port and then input into the first photoelectric detector through the optical fiber delay line;
the first photoelectric detector converts an optical signal into an electric signal, the electric signal is amplified by the microwave power amplifier and combined with an output signal of the phase-locked loop module by the biaser to drive the electro-optic phase modulator, and a positive feedback closed loop circuit is formed;
the phase-locked loop module comprises a microwave frequency divider, a frequency mixer and a low-pass filter; the frequency divider divides the frequency of the microwave oscillation signal of the photoelectric oscillator module to obtain a signal with the frequency equivalent to the reference signal; the frequency mixer compares the frequency of an input reference signal with the frequency-divided microwave oscillation signal, outputs a signal representing the difference between the input reference signal and the frequency-divided microwave oscillation signal, filters the high-frequency component of the difference signal through a low-pass filter, and reserves a direct-current part, namely a phase modification signal, namely a phase-locked loop module output signal;
the phase modulation module comprises a second electro-optic phase modulator, an optical coupler and a second photoelectric detector; the second electro-optical phase modulator carries out random phase modulation on the optical signal from the laser source, the modulated optical signal and the optical signal output by the download port of the optical filter of the microdisc resonant cavity are combined through the optical coupler and are incident on the second photoelectric detector for beat frequency, and therefore the broadband random modulation microwave signal can be obtained.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN112816963A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-18 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | Microwave photon biphase coding signal generator |
| CN113098617A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-07-09 | 中国科学院空天信息创新研究院 | High-speed broadband coherent stepping frequency signal generation device and method |
| CN114280549A (en) * | 2021-12-26 | 2022-04-05 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十四研究所 | High-speed optical pulse generating device and method |
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