CN111733523B - 一种复合无纺布及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

一种复合无纺布及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN111733523B
CN111733523B CN202010571399.4A CN202010571399A CN111733523B CN 111733523 B CN111733523 B CN 111733523B CN 202010571399 A CN202010571399 A CN 202010571399A CN 111733523 B CN111733523 B CN 111733523B
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woven fabric
laminating
sms
fiber web
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CN111733523A (zh
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王海平
杨会敏
刘浩
褚菲菲
刘利防
于培
朱绍存
张泉城
吴建琳
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Shandong Taipeng Environmental Protection Material Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种复合无纺布及其应用,所述复合无纺布由上至下依次为表层、淋膜层和基底层;所述表层为SMS无纺布,厚度为0.05~0.15mm;所述淋膜层由重量分数55%的LDPE、30%的PP和15%的增白母粒(含透气粒子)制成,厚度为0.01~0.03mm;所述基底层为SMS无纺布或S无纺布,厚度为0.07~0.2mm。通过在基底层上制备淋膜层再与表层一起热轧制得。本发明制备的复合无纺布不同于现有的淋膜无纺布,具有离型纸的手感,硬度高,抗撕裂性好,具有较好的遮光性;成本低,可用于医用手腕带和信封袋,可完全替代美国杜邦纸使用效果。

Description

一种复合无纺布及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明涉及无纺布技术领域,尤其涉及一种复合无纺布及其应用。
背景技术
淋膜无纺布是近年来新出现的一种无纺布,一般是将PE淋膜到无纺布上,用于包装、购物袋、家纺等方面。但淋膜无纺布质地软,抗撕裂性一般。且由于普通淋膜材料属于不透气膜,与无纺布复合在一起得到淋膜无纺布无透气性、遮光性差、易变形。
医用腕带又叫病人识别带,是病人身份的知唯一性标识,上面记录着病人姓名、年龄、性别、病房、床号、所属科室等信息,并且有不同的代表颜色。医用腕带具有防撕,具有原则上的不可破坏性。现在常用的医用手腕带一般是由无数的细小聚乙烯纤维纺黏而成的纺粘型烯烃制成。但这种材料成本高,需要对淋膜材料进行不断研究,使其无纺布复合后硬挺度高,抗撕裂性能高,遮光性好,成本低廉可以取代现有材料做医用手腕带。
发明内容
本发明针对现有技术的不足,提供一种复合无纺布及其应用。该复合无纺布硬度高、抗撕裂性能高,遮光性好。根据材料克重和厚度的不同,可用做医用手腕带和快递信封袋使用。
本发明是通过如下技术方案实现的:
本发明的第一方面提供一种复合无纺布:所述复合无纺布由上至下依次为表层、淋膜层和基底层;所述表层为SMS无纺布,厚度为0.05~0.15mm;所述淋膜层由重量分数55%的LDPE、30%的PP和15%的增白母粒(含透气粒子)制成,厚度为0.01~0.03mm;所述基底层为SMS无纺布或S无纺布,厚度为0.07~0.2mm。
优选的,所述表层的克重为20~70g/m2,所述基底层的克重为25~100g/m2
优选的,所述SMS无纺布和S无纺布均由PET纤维制备;所述SMS无纺布中的S层由细度为1.2-2.5D的PET纤维制备,M层由直径为0.5-5μm的PET纤维制备。
优选的,所述复合无纺布的克重为50~200g/m2。
本发明的第二方面提供所述复合无纺布的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备表层SMS无纺布和基底层SMS无纺布或S无纺布;
(2)将重量分数55%的LDPE、30%的PP和15%的增白母粒(含透气粒子)混合均匀,加入到淋膜机中在基底层SMS无纺布或S无纺布上淋膜制备得到淋膜层;
(3)将表层SMS无纺布置于淋膜层上,热压得到复合无纺布。
优选的,步骤(1)中,所述SMS无纺布由以下方法制备:将PET原料通过挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网得到纺粘层纤网;将PET熔喷原料通过挤压熔融、喷丝和铺网得到熔喷层纤网;以熔喷层纤网为中间层,以纺粘层纤网为上层和下层叠合在一起得到纤网,将纤网预热后热压得SMS无纺布。
优选的,步骤(1)中,所述S无纺布由以下方法制备:将PET原料通过挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网得到纺粘层纤网,将纤网预热后热压得S无纺布。
优选的,步骤(2)中,所述淋膜机的温度为250~340℃。
优选的,步骤(3)中,所述热压的温度为30~150℃,压力为0.1~2MPa。
本发明的第三方面提供复合无纺布在以下两方面中的应用:
1)医用手腕带;
2)信封袋。
本发明的有益效果为:
本发明制备的复合无纺布不同于现有的淋膜无纺布,具有离型纸的手感,硬度高,抗撕裂性好,具有较好的遮光性;成本低,可用于医用手腕带和信封袋。
附图说明
图1为本发明制备的复合无纺布产品图片。
具体实施方式
应该指出,以下详细说明都是例示性的,旨在对本申请提供进一步的说明。除非另有指明,本文使用的所有技术和科学术语具有与本申请所属技术领域的普通技术人员通常理解的相同含义。
正如背景技术所述,现有医用手腕带一般是由无数的细小聚乙烯纤维纺黏而成的纺粘型烯烃制成,硬度高,抗撕裂性差,成本高;国内信封袋基本是纸质材料,对环境保护及可持续发展带来弊端,国际上,尤其是美国多采用杜邦闪蒸法聚乙烯材料,环保可回收。此技术一直被美国垄断,而现有的淋膜无纺布硬度低,遮光性差,抗撕裂性一般,很难用低成本的淋膜无纺布代替;
基于此,第一方面提供一种复合无纺布,所述无纺布由上至下依次为表层、淋膜层和基底层;所述表层为SMS无纺布,厚度为0.05~0.15mm;所述淋膜层由重量分数55%的LDPE、30%的PP和15%的增白母粒(含透气粒子)制成,厚度为0.01~0.03mm;所述基底层为SMS无纺布或S无纺布,厚度为0.07~0.2mm。所述表层的克重为20~70g/m2,所述基底层的克重为25~100g/m2。所述SMS无纺布中的S层由细度为1.2-2.5D的PET纤维制备,M层由直径为0.5-5μm的PET纤维制备。
为了提高复合无纺布的抗撕裂强度,在制备SMS无纺布时,熔喷层纤维的细度要小于纺粘层纤维的细度。这样制备出的无纺布抗撕裂强度高。
在制备复合无纺布时,淋膜层的制备是关键,为了制备出遮光性好的淋膜层,与无纺布复合后,产品的整体遮光性好、硬度高,可用于快递信封袋。但现有淋膜一般都成透明膜,很少有加色母料进行淋膜的,而为了增加复合无纺布的遮光性,需要在淋膜材料中加入色母料,所以发明人对淋膜层的配方以及淋膜工艺参数进行了多次试验:
以85%PE、15%EBW22增白母粒(含透气粒子)为淋膜原料,淋膜机各温区设定为290℃,淋膜可以成膜,但均匀性不好,遮光性太差;
以80%PP、20%EBW22增白母粒(含透气粒子)为淋膜原料,淋膜机各温区设定为290℃,淋膜可以成膜,但均匀性不好,克重偏差太大;
以85%LDPE、15%EBW22增白母粒(含透气粒子)为淋膜原料,淋膜机各温区设定为290℃,淋膜可以成膜,但均匀性不好,克重偏差太大;
以50%LDPE、30%PP、20%EBW22增白母粒(含透气粒子)为原料,淋膜机各温区设定为300℃,淋膜为鱼鳞网状,不成膜;
以55%LDPE、30%PP、15%EBW22增白母粒(含透气粒子)为原料,淋膜机各温区设定为300℃,淋膜可以成膜,克重均匀,遮光性好。
为了使得本领域技术人员能够更加清楚地了解本申请的技术方案,以下将结合具体的实施例详细说明本申请的技术方案。如果实施例中未注明的实验具体条件,通常按照常规条件,或者按照试剂公司所推荐的条件;下述实施例中所用的试剂、耗材等,如无特殊说明,均可通过商业途径获得。
说明:本申请所使用的增白母粒中含有透气粒子;购自广东彩艳股份有限公司,产品型号为:EBW22。
实施例1
制备表层:将PET原料加入料斗;搅拌好的母料通过喂料系统(真空抽吸)到螺杆进行挤压熔融,获得热熔体(螺杆熔融温度270℃)进行过滤、计量和分配;将分配计量好的热熔体进行纺丝,并将纺出的丝经侧冷风冷却,获得初生长丝(将分配计量好的热熔体纺丝是通过0.2mm孔径中喷出丝,经过冷却风箱冷却,冷却风箱温度10℃,冷却风速度1.5m/s,将丝冷却获得初生长丝);将初生长丝进行牵伸,获得纤维(将初生长丝经过气流分丝的方式,通过狭缝式牵伸器的喇叭口,将初生长丝进行气流牵伸,气流牵伸速度为5000m/min,获得2D的纤维,同时经过牵伸的初生长丝分子链排列整齐,产生强力,形成纤维);将纤维分丝铺网,得到15克纺粘层纤网(将该纤维杂乱的铺到成网帘上,成网帘下有抽风机,进行向下的抽吸风,将纤维固定在成网帘上,通过预压辊进行预压,形成纤网);
将熔喷PET原料加入料斗;搅拌好的熔喷PET母料通过喂料系统(真空抽吸)到螺杆进行挤压熔融,获得热熔体(螺杆熔融温度270℃)进行过滤、计量和分配;将分配计量好的热熔体通过喷头0.15mm孔径,在330℃的热空气下进行喷丝,得到10克熔喷层;
将PET原料通过挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网得到纺粘层纤网;将熔喷PET原料通过挤压熔融、纺丝和铺网得到熔喷层纤网;以熔喷层纤网为中间层,以纺粘层纤网为上层和下层叠合在一起得到纤网。
将纤网通过成网帘,在网帘辊的带动下,进入烘箱预热;预热温度为220℃,预热时间为1min。将预热后的纤网传输到热轧机进行热压粘合,热轧机温度240/230℃,线压力60N/mm,制得克重为40g/m2的SMS复合无纺布。
制备基层:将PET母料加入料斗;搅拌好的母料通过喂料系统(真空抽吸)到螺杆进行挤压熔融,获得热熔体(螺杆熔融温度270℃)进行过滤、计量和分配;将分配计量好的热熔体进行纺丝,并将纺出的丝经侧冷风冷却,获得初生长丝(将分配计量好的热熔体纺丝是通过0.2mm孔径中喷出丝,经过冷却风箱冷却,冷却风箱温度10℃,冷却风速度1.5m/s,将丝冷却获得初生长丝);将初生长丝进行牵伸,获得纤维(将初生长丝经过气流分丝的方式,通过狭缝式牵伸器的喇叭口,将初生长丝进行气流牵伸,气流牵伸速度为5500m/min,获得1.8D的纤维,同时经过牵伸的初生长丝分子链排列整齐,产生强力,形成纤维);将纤维分丝铺网,得到纺粘层(将该纤维杂乱的铺到成网帘上,成网帘下有抽风机,进行向下的抽吸风,将纤维固定在成网帘上,通过预压辊进行预压,形成纤网);
将纤网通过成网帘,在网帘辊的带动下,进入烘箱预热;预热温度为220℃,预热时间为1min。将预热后的纤网传输到热轧机进行热压粘合,热轧机温度230/230℃,线压力60N/mm,制得克重为35g/m2的无纺布。
制备淋膜层:将55KgLDPE、30KgPP和15KgEBW22增白母粒(含透气粒子)混合均匀加入淋膜机中,淋膜机各区温度设定为300℃。在基底上淋膜成型,再将表层置于淋膜层上,送入热压机,热压温度100℃,时间10s。
经测量,上述复合无纺布的克重为:95g/m2
实施例2
制备表层和基底层:将PET母料加入料斗;搅拌好的母料通过喂料系统(真空抽吸)到螺杆进行挤压熔融,获得热熔体(螺杆熔融温度270℃)进行过滤、计量和分配;将分配计量好的热熔体进行纺丝,并将纺出的丝经侧冷风冷却,获得初生长丝(将分配计量好的热熔体纺丝是通过0.2mm孔径中喷出丝,经过冷却风箱冷却,冷却风箱温度10℃,冷却风速度1.2m/s,将丝冷却获得初生长丝);将初生长丝进行牵伸,获得纤维(将初生长丝经过气流分丝的方式,通过狭缝式牵伸器的喇叭口,将初生长丝进行气流牵伸,气流牵伸速度为6000m/H,获得1.5D的纤维,同时经过牵伸的初生长丝分子链排列整齐,产生强力,形成纤维);将纤维分丝铺网,得到10克纺粘层(将该纤维杂乱的铺到成网帘上,成网帘下有抽风机,进行向下的抽吸风,将纤维固定在成网帘上,通过预压辊进行预压,形成纤网);
将熔喷PET原料加入料斗;搅拌好的熔喷PET母料通过喂料系统(真空抽吸)到螺杆进行挤压熔融,获得热熔体(螺杆熔融温度270℃)进行过滤、计量和分配;将分配计量好的热熔体通过喷头0.15mm孔径,在330℃的热空气下进行喷丝,得到10克熔喷层;
将PET原料通过挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网得到纺粘层纤网;将熔喷PET原料通过挤压熔融、纺丝和铺网得到熔喷层纤网;以熔喷层纤网为中间层,以纺粘层纤网为上层和下层叠合在一起得到纤网。
将纤网通过成网帘,在网帘辊的带动下,进入烘箱预热。预热温度为200℃,预热时间为2min。将预热后的纤网传输到热轧机进行热压粘合,热轧机温度245/240℃,线压力60N/mm,制得克重为30g/m2的SMS复合无纺布。
制备淋膜层:将55KgLDPE、30KgPP和15KgEBW22增白母粒混合均匀加入淋膜机中,淋膜机各区温度设定为300℃。在基底上淋膜成型,再将表层置于淋膜层上,送入热压机,热压温度120℃,时间10s。
经测量,上述复合无纺布的克重为:70g/m2
试验例
对实施例1和2制备的复合无纺布进行物性指标的检测,以杜邦公司生产的特卫强,型号:1073B为对照1,以杜邦公司生产的特卫强,型号:1056D为对照2,所得结果见表1.
表1
Figure GDA0002973186350000061
特卫强是杜邦公司一系列片材产品的商标,可用于医用手腕带、快递信封袋等,轻巧坚韧、不易变形、柔软平滑,用途广泛。实施例1制备的复合无纺布适用于制备医用手腕带(图1),实施例2制备的复合无纺布适用于快递信封袋。由表1可知,在厚度基本相同的情况下,实施例1和2制备的复合无纺布的物性指标性能都略高于对比例或对比例基本一致。虽然实施例1和2制备的复合无纺布克重比对比实例高25%左右,但价格却远低于对比例1和2。说明本发明制备的复合无纺布可代替特卫强用于医用手腕带和快递信封袋。
以上所述仅为本申请的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本申请,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本申请可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本申请的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本申请的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种复合无纺布,其特征在于,所述复合无纺布由上至下依次为表层、淋膜层和基底层;所述表层为SMS无纺布,厚度为0.05~0.15mm;所述淋膜层由重量分数55%的LDPE、30%的PP和15%的增白母粒制成,厚度为0.01~0.03mm;所述基底层为SMS无纺布或S无纺布,厚度为0.07~0.2mm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的复合无纺布,其特征在于,所述表层的克重为20~70g/m2,所述基底层的克重为25~100g/m2
3.根据权利要求1所述的复合无纺布,其特征在于,所述SMS无纺布和S无纺布均由PET纤维制备;所述SMS无纺布中的S层由细度为1.2-2.5D的PET纤维制备,M层由直径为0.5-5μm的PET纤维制备。
4.根据权利要求1所述的复合无纺布,其特征在于,所述无纺布的克重为50~200g/m2
5.权利要求1~4中任一项所述复合无纺布的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
(1)制备表层SMS无纺布和基底层SMS无纺布或S无纺布;
(2)将重量分数55%的LDPE、30%的PP和15%的增白母粒混合均匀,加入到淋膜机中在基底层SMS无纺布或S无纺布上淋膜制备得到淋膜层;
(3)将表层SMS无纺布置于淋膜层上,热压得到复合无纺布。
6.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述SMS无纺布由以下方法制备:将PET原料通过挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网得到纺粘层纤网;将PET熔喷原料通过挤压熔融、喷丝和铺网得到熔喷层纤网;以熔喷层纤网为中间层,以纺粘层纤网为上层和下层叠合在一起得到纤网,将纤网预热后热压得SMS无纺布。
7.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,所述S无纺布由以下方法制备:将PET原料通过挤压熔融、纺丝和分丝铺网得到纺粘层纤网,将纤网预热后热压得S无纺布。
8.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,所述淋膜机的温度为250~340℃。
9.根据权利要求5所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,所述热压的温度为30~150℃,压力为0.1~2MPa。
10.权利要求1~4中任一项所述复合无纺布在制备医用手腕带和/或制备信封袋中的应用。
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