CN111731442A - Special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil transfer - Google Patents
Special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil transfer Download PDFInfo
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- CN111731442A CN111731442A CN202010628189.4A CN202010628189A CN111731442A CN 111731442 A CN111731442 A CN 111731442A CN 202010628189 A CN202010628189 A CN 202010628189A CN 111731442 A CN111731442 A CN 111731442A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
- B63B27/34—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures using pipe-lines
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil transfer, which comprises a hull and a crude oil conveying system, wherein the hull comprises a power device, a mooring system and an electric control system, and the crude oil conveying system comprises an oil conveying pipe winch, an oil conveying pipe, a connector, an oil conveying pipe pressure monitoring sensor and a deck lifting appliance; the power device comprises: for maintaining the safe position of the hull under severe stormy conditions. According to the special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil transfer, a crude oil transfer bridge between an FPSO (Floating production storage and offloading) and a VLCC (very Low cost common control) is built, the single transfer amount of the deep sea crude oil is increased, the overall transportation cost of the crude oil is reduced, a new profit space is developed, a reliable electric control system is provided, the overall working state can be adjusted based on the specific meteorological conditions and the monitoring result of the working condition of an oil delivery pipe during working, the problems of ship collision and crude oil leakage of the oil delivery pipe are avoided, and a better use prospect is brought.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of marine oil transportation, in particular to a special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil transfer.
Background
The conventional crude oil transfer usually adopts a combined mode of 'FPSO (floating production storage vessel) + shuttle tanker', and the shuttle tanker with good dynamic positioning performance can approach the FPSO better in consideration of complex sea conditions under the combined action of wind, wave and current near the FPSO operation sea area, so that the crude oil transfer work is completed. However, at present, the international oil price is continuously in a low position, the crude oil quantity in single transportation in the transportation mode of the 'FPSO + shuttle tanker' is small, the transportation cost is high, and particularly for the long-distance transportation situation, the defect is obvious, and the profit margin of a crude oil extraction company is greatly compressed.
Compared with a shuttle tanker, the VLCC (ultra-large tanker) has larger single transportation capacity, and can greatly reduce the transportation cost of offshore crude oil. However, the conventional VLCC ship type has poor dynamic positioning capability, and if crude oil transportation is performed near an FPSO, a relatively steady state needs to be achieved by means of complex multi-point mooring and assistance of a ship, and the requirements on the seabed conditions of an operating sea area are high. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, it is urgently needed to develop a special ship with good dynamic positioning capability, and build a transfer bridge between the FPSO and the VLCC, and therefore, we propose a special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil transfer.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil transfer, which can effectively solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil transfer comprises a hull and a crude oil conveying system, wherein the hull comprises a power device, a mooring system and an electric control system, and the crude oil conveying system comprises an oil conveying pipe winch, an oil conveying pipe, a connector, an oil conveying pipe pressure monitoring sensor and a deck lifting appliance;
the power device comprises: the safe position of the boat body under the condition of severe stormy waves is maintained;
the mooring system is: selecting a proper mooring point on the FPSO according to the current condition during working, keeping the boat body and the FPSO relatively static by adopting a single-point mooring mode, and detecting the tensile stress borne by a mooring rope and the retracting angle;
the electric control system comprises: the system is used for monitoring the meteorological condition of the working sea area where the submarine body is located, sharing data with VLCC and FPSO, and sending a working instruction to the power device and the crude oil conveying system to guide the operation of the power device and the crude oil conveying system;
the oil delivery pipe winch comprises: the oil pipe is used for accommodating and releasing the oil pipe;
defeated oil pipe stress monitoring sensor: the device is used for monitoring the internal pressure of the oil pipeline and the magnitude of tensile stress applied to the pipe wall and the outside of the oil pipeline;
the deck lifting appliance: the oil delivery pipe collecting and releasing device is used for assisting in collecting and releasing an oil delivery pipe.
Preferably, the power device comprises a ducted propeller arranged on the hull and at the stern and a side thruster arranged on the bow side and the gunwale side of the hull, and can provide large thrust to adjust the posture of the hull. The lateral thrusts are symmetrically arranged at the middle front part of the boat body, and can be independently controlled to provide lateral thrusts with proper magnitude to assist in adjusting the posture of the boat body.
Preferably, the mooring system comprises a mooring rope, a mooring winch and a sensor positioned at a mooring winch cable take-up and pay-off position, wherein the mooring rope is connected with a mooring point on the FPSO;
the mooring winch comprises: the device is used for winding and unwinding mooring ropes;
the sensor is characterized in that: the device is used for monitoring the magnitude and the deflection angle of the mooring force.
Preferably, the electronic control system comprises a central processing unit, and the central processing unit is positioned in a functional compartment of the boat body;
the central processing unit: the system is used for processing relevant data of the mooring force magnitude and direction from a wave flow sensor and a mooring system, issuing a working instruction to a main propeller, adjusting the floating state of a rotary barge, processing data from an oil pipeline stress monitoring sensor, monitoring the working state of an oil pipeline, and issuing an emergency instruction to an emergency release valve to avoid the risk of crude oil leakage when necessary.
Preferably, the oil pipeline winch and the deck lifting appliance are both arranged on a deck of the submarine body.
Preferably, the number of the oil delivery pipe and the number of the joints are a plurality of groups, the oil delivery pipe and the joints form an oil delivery channel between the VLCC and the FPSO in a multi-section connection mode, and a sealing rubber ring is arranged at the joint of the oil delivery pipe and the joints.
Preferably, the interior of the joint is provided with an emergency release valve structure which: the oil pipeline joint is used for receiving an instruction of an electric control system to complete the disconnection of the joint and the closing of the release valve when an emergency occurs, and plays a role in emergently cutting off oil transportation to avoid crude oil leakage when an extreme condition occurs.
Preferably, the emergency release valve structure comprises a buckle, a spring and a sealing valve, wherein the buckle: the device is used for butt joint and release of the oil delivery pipe.
Preferably, the oil pipeline pressure monitoring sensor is arranged on an oil pipeline.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides a special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil transfer, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the invention, a crude oil transfer bridge between the FPSO and the VLCC is built, the single transfer capacity of the deep sea crude oil is increased, the overall transportation cost of the crude oil is reduced, and a new profit margin is developed;
2. the transfer barge is provided with a reliable electric control system, and the overall working state can be adjusted based on specific meteorological conditions and the monitoring result of the working condition of the oil pipeline during working, so that the problems of ship collision and crude oil leakage of the oil pipeline are avoided.
The parts of the device not involved are the same as or can be implemented using prior art.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the working mode of a special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil transfer;
FIG. 2 is a schematic side view of the structural arrangement of a special engineering vessel suitable for deep sea crude oil transfer according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic plan view of a structural arrangement of a special engineering ship suitable for deep-sea crude oil transfer according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a connector in a special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil transfer.
In the figure: 1. a hull; 2. a crude oil delivery system; 3. a ducted propeller; 4. laterally pushing; 5. an oil delivery pipe winch; 6. a deck spreader; 7. mooring a winch; 8. buckling; 9. a spring; 10. a sealing valve; 11. a central processing unit.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
A special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil transfer, as shown in figure 1, comprises a hull 1 and a crude oil conveying system 2, wherein the hull 1 comprises a power device, a mooring system and an electric control system, and the crude oil conveying system 2 comprises an oil conveying pipe winch 5, an oil conveying pipe, a connector, an oil conveying pipe pressure monitoring sensor and a deck lifting appliance 6;
a power device: for maintaining the safe position of hull 1 under severe stormy conditions;
mooring system: the mooring control system is used for maintaining relative stillness among the FPSO, the CTV and the VLCC and creating conditions for transferring crude oil, namely selecting a proper mooring point on the FPSO according to the ocean current condition during working, keeping the relative stillness of the hull 1 and the FPSO in a single-point mooring mode, and detecting the tensile stress borne by a mooring rope and the retraction angle;
an electric control system: the system is used for monitoring the meteorological condition of the working sea area where the submarine body 1 is located, sharing data with VLCC and FPSO, and sending a working instruction to the power device and the crude oil conveying system 2 to guide the operation of the power device and the crude oil conveying system;
oil delivery pipe winch 5: the oil pipe is used for accommodating and releasing the oil pipe;
defeated oil pipe stress monitoring sensor: the device is used for monitoring the internal pressure of the oil pipeline and the magnitude of tensile stress applied to the pipe wall and the outside of the oil pipeline;
the deck lifting appliance 6: the oil delivery pipe collecting and releasing device is used for assisting in collecting and releasing an oil delivery pipe.
The refuting ship selects a proper mooring point on the FPSO in combination with the specific storm flow condition of the day, the refuting ship keeps relative static with the FPSO in a single-point mooring mode, meanwhile, the VLCC is also connected with the refuting ship in a single-point mooring mode, mooring ropes among the three ships are approximately on the same straight line, and the mooring ropes are under the action of tensile stress in most of time.
As shown in figure 2, the power device comprises a ducted propeller 3 arranged on the stern of the boat body 1 and a side thruster 4 arranged on the bow side and the gunwale side of the boat body 1, the ducted propellers 3 are symmetrically arranged on the port and the starboard sides and are main power sources for adjusting the posture of the transfer boat and propelling the boat, the side thruster 4 is symmetrically arranged on the port and the starboard sides and can independently control the working state to assist the main thruster to adjust the posture of the transfer boat, when the transfer boat encounters sudden reverse storm during working, the VLCC connected with the transfer boat is small in acceleration generated by the short time of the reverse storm acting on the VLCC due to large tonnage, the reserved distance is enough for the VLCC host motor vehicle to return to a safe position to avoid collision, the special engineering boat can control the boat body 1 in a safe range through the matching of the main thruster and the side thruster 4, and when the actual sea condition exceeds the controllable range, the oil transportation system and the mooring system receive the command of the unit to be disconnected, the FPSO and VLCC host vehicle pulls the distance between the three vessels apart, avoiding the risk of collision.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the mooring system comprises a mooring line, a mooring winch 7 and a sensor located at a cable take-up and pay-off position of the mooring winch 7, wherein the mooring line is connected with a mooring point on the FPSO;
the mooring winch 7: the device is used for winding and unwinding mooring ropes;
a sensor: the device is used for monitoring the magnitude and the deflection angle of the mooring force.
The FPSO adopts the fixed mode of anchor setting and multiple point mooring to keep static on the sea surface, and the special type engineering ship selects the appropriate mooring point on the FPSO deck according to the current stormy wave flow direction when working, releases the mooring rope and adopts the mode of single point mooring to keep static relatively with the FPSO, and the mooring force is transmitted to the mooring winch through the rope and finally transmitted to the deck of the refuge ship. The VLCC also adopts a single-point mooring mode to keep the transfer barge relatively still, and the safe distance between the three ships is controlled by controlling the retraction length of the mooring rope.
As shown in fig. 3, the electronic control system includes a central processing unit 11, the central processing unit 11 is located in the functional compartment of the hull 1;
the central processing unit 11: the system is used for processing relevant data of mooring force magnitude and direction from a wave flow sensor and a mooring system, issuing a working instruction to the main propeller, adjusting the floating state of the transfer barge, processing data from an oil pipeline stress monitoring sensor, monitoring the working state of an oil pipeline and avoiding the risk of crude oil leakage.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the oil pipeline winch 5 and the deck hoist 6 are both provided on the deck of the hull 1, and assist in the storage and release of the oil pipeline in cooperation with the work.
The number of the oil delivery pipes and the number of the joints are a plurality of groups, the oil delivery pipes and the joints form an oil delivery channel between the VLCC and the FPSO in a multi-section connection mode, and a sealing rubber ring is arranged at the joint of the oil delivery pipes and the joints.
The oil pipeline pressure monitoring sensor is arranged on the oil pipeline.
As shown in fig. 1 and 4, an emergency release valve structure is provided inside the joint, and: the device is used for receiving the command of an electronic control system to complete the opening of the joint and the closing of the release valve when an emergency happens.
The emergency release valve structure comprises a buckle 8, a spring 9 and a sealing valve 10, wherein the buckle 8: the device is used for butting and releasing the oil conveying pipe;
when the joint is separated, the spring 9 pops out to drive the sealing valve structure 10 to close, so that the problem of crude oil leakage is avoided, in addition, an oil pipeline pressure monitoring sensor for monitoring the pressure in the pipeline and the tensile stress on the pipe wall is arranged on the pipeline, state information is transmitted to an electric control system in real time, when the oil pipeline pressure monitoring sensor monitors abnormal states (such as overlarge tensile stress on the oil pipeline caused by severe sea conditions) and electric control centralized control is carried out, the judgment is timely made to guide the emergency release sealing valve 10 of the oil pipeline joint to be closed emergently, so that the phenomenon of crude oil leakage is avoided.
The invention relates to a special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil transfer, which is used for building a crude oil transfer bridge between an FPSO (floating production storage and offloading) and a VLCC (very large storage capacity), increasing the single transfer capacity of the deep sea crude oil, reducing the overall transportation cost of the crude oil and exploring a new profit margin. From an economic perspective, a conventional transfer barge can cost around 6000 million dollars on the whole ship, and the transportation of crude oil by means of a VLCC can save around 7 dollars per ton compared to a shuttle tanker based on the current international oil prices, so that for a 40 million ton VLCC, a transportation cost of around 280 million dollars can be saved by filling the transfer barge once. Considering the frequency of use and maintenance cost of the transfer barge together, it is expected that the construction cost can be recovered in three to four years. Therefore, the transfer barge can create new profit space in terms of the cost of the whole life cycle of the deep sea crude oil exploitation and the corollary equipment thereof.
In addition, the transfer barge is provided with a reliable electric control system, and the overall working state can be adjusted based on specific meteorological conditions and the monitoring result of the working condition of the oil pipeline during working, so that the problems of ship collision and crude oil leakage of the oil pipeline are avoided.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and broad features of the present invention and advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. A special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil refuting is characterized in that: the submarine comprises a submarine body (1) and a crude oil conveying system (2), wherein the submarine body (1) comprises a power device, a mooring system and an electric control system, and the crude oil conveying system (2) comprises an oil conveying pipe winch (5), an oil conveying pipe, a connector, an oil conveying pipe pressure monitoring sensor and a deck lifting appliance (6);
the power device comprises: for maintaining the safe position of the hull (1) under severe stormy conditions;
the mooring system is: selecting a proper mooring point on the FPSO according to the current condition during working, keeping the boat body (1) and the FPSO relatively static by adopting a single-point mooring mode, and detecting the tensile stress borne by a mooring rope and the retracting angle;
the electric control system comprises: the marine submarine is used for monitoring the meteorological conditions of a working sea area where the submarine body (1) is located, sharing data with VLCC and FPSO, and sending a working instruction to the power device and the crude oil conveying system (2) to guide the operation of the power device and the crude oil conveying system;
the oil delivery pipe winch (5): the oil pipe is used for accommodating and releasing the oil pipe;
defeated oil pipe stress monitoring sensor: the device is used for monitoring the internal pressure of the oil pipeline and the magnitude of tensile stress applied to the pipe wall and the outside of the oil pipeline;
the deck spreader (6): the oil delivery pipe collecting and releasing device is used for assisting in collecting and releasing an oil delivery pipe.
2. The special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil refund according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power device comprises a duct propeller (3) arranged on the boat body (1) and on the stern and a side propeller (4) arranged on the bow side of the boat body (1).
3. The special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil refund according to claim 2, characterized in that: the mooring system comprises a mooring rope, a mooring winch (7) and a sensor positioned at a cable take-up and pay-off position of the mooring winch (7), wherein the mooring rope is connected with a mooring point on the FPSO;
the mooring winch (7): the device is used for winding and unwinding mooring ropes;
the sensor is characterized in that: the device is used for monitoring the magnitude and the deflection angle of the mooring force.
4. The special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil refund according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric control system comprises a central processing unit (11), wherein the central processing unit (11) is positioned in a functional cabin of the boat body (1);
the central processing unit (11): the system is used for processing relevant data of mooring force magnitude and direction from a wave flow sensor and a mooring system, issuing a working instruction to the main propeller, adjusting the floating state of the transfer barge, processing data from an oil pipeline stress monitoring sensor and monitoring the working state of an oil pipeline.
5. The special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil refund according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the oil conveying pipe winch (5) and the deck lifting appliance (6) are arranged on the deck of the submarine body (1).
6. The special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil refund according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the oil delivery pipes and the joints is a plurality of groups, the oil delivery pipes and the joints form an oil delivery channel between the VLCC and the FPSO in a multi-section connection mode, and a sealing rubber ring is arranged at the joint of the oil delivery pipes and the joints.
7. The special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil refund according to claim 6, characterized in that: the inside of connecting is provided with emergent relief valve structure, emergent relief valve structure: the device is used for receiving the command of an electronic control system to complete the opening of the joint and the closing of the release valve when an emergency happens.
8. The special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil refund according to claim 7, characterized in that: the emergency release valve structure comprises a buckle (8), a spring (9) and a sealing valve (10), wherein the buckle (8): the device is used for butt joint and release of the oil delivery pipe.
9. The special engineering ship suitable for deep sea crude oil refund according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oil pipeline pressure monitoring sensor is arranged on an oil pipeline.
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Cited By (8)
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CN112758850A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-07 | 南通中远海运船务工程有限公司 | Hydraulic transformer controller and winch system of deep water dynamic positioning crude oil conveying device |
CN113049174A (en) * | 2021-02-21 | 2021-06-29 | 南通中远海运船务工程有限公司 | System and method for detecting state of oil pipeline of crude oil transfer barge |
CN113060254A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-07-02 | 南通中远海运船务工程有限公司 | Method for installing telescopic propulsion device of deep water dynamic positioning crude oil transport ship |
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CN113049174A (en) * | 2021-02-21 | 2021-06-29 | 南通中远海运船务工程有限公司 | System and method for detecting state of oil pipeline of crude oil transfer barge |
CN113060254A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2021-07-02 | 南通中远海运船务工程有限公司 | Method for installing telescopic propulsion device of deep water dynamic positioning crude oil transport ship |
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CN114834592A (en) * | 2022-07-04 | 2022-08-02 | 广东工业大学 | Control method and device for large cable mooring device and computer readable storage medium |
CN116697144A (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2023-09-05 | 广东工业大学 | Deep-open-sea three-floating-body transfer oil transportation system |
CN116697144B (en) * | 2023-05-31 | 2024-07-05 | 广东工业大学 | Deep-open-sea three-floating-body transfer oil transportation system |
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Application publication date: 20201002 |