CN111728737A - 一种多层复合的仿生人工韧带及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种多层复合的仿生人工韧带及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111728737A
CN111728737A CN202010642500.0A CN202010642500A CN111728737A CN 111728737 A CN111728737 A CN 111728737A CN 202010642500 A CN202010642500 A CN 202010642500A CN 111728737 A CN111728737 A CN 111728737A
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胡艳飞
王云兵
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Abstract

本发明属于人工韧带的制备技术领域,尤其涉及一种多层复合的仿生人工韧带及其制备方法。所述人工韧带由多束改性纤维编制而成;所述改性纤维包括内层和外层,所述外层的材料为生物可降解弹性材料,所述内层的材料为PET纤维。本发明制备的人工韧带有利于细胞吸附、增殖、集落化和细胞分化以及胞外基质的生成。

Description

一种多层复合的仿生人工韧带及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于人工韧带的制备技术领域,尤其涉及一种多层复合的仿生人工韧带及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着人们生活水平的提高,为维持健康的身体而普遍采取剧烈运动,因此引起的韧带挫伤、断裂或缺损病例越来越受到重视。若治疗不当,则会引起关节软骨损伤,严重者导致骨关节炎等并发症。
常规的韧带修复手术所选替代物有异体肌腱、自体肌腱以及人工韧带,由于异体肌腱的排异反应和自体肌腱的来源问题,目前在韧带修复手术多采用人工韧带。
人工韧带选材上已经获得广泛的尝试,如聚四氟乙烯及其他含氟聚合物、碳纤维、聚乙烯(PE)、聚苯乙烯和尼龙等通用材料,但以上类别材质的人工韧带未显现出良好的长期效果。存在问题主要有:a、受磨损、疲劳或严重的负荷引起人工韧带破裂,b、因人工韧带材质生物相容性差引起慢性滑膜炎,c、韧带蠕变或固定元件容易松动。
目前临床上使用最为广泛的人工韧带是由法国Laboureau公司研制的LARS人工韧带(专利公开号CN 1777450A),主要材料为半结晶的聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET),玻璃化转变温度为81℃。然而,PET材料的生物相容性差,不利于其表面细胞吸附与增殖,不利在人工韧带周围形成功能性组织。因此LARS韧带在表面通过溶液聚合仿生功能化嫁接甲基丙烯酸或者苯乙烯磺酸盐改善表面,然后灌注胶原蛋白,提高纤维原细胞能力。然而这种方法需要采用大量的有机溶剂,而且需要用到动物源性的胶原蛋白,对于免疫原性要求也较高。
因此,目前亟需制备一种生物相容性好、且利于其表面细胞吸附与增殖的人工韧带。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题,本发明的目的是提供一种多层复合的仿生人工韧带及其方法,该人工韧带具备生物相容性好、且利于其表面细胞吸附与增殖的优点。
本发明提出的一种多层复合的仿生人工韧带,所述人工韧带由多束改性纤维编制而成;所述改性纤维包括内层和外层,所述外层的材料为生物可降解弹性材料,所述内层的材料为PET纤维。
优选地,所述人工韧带的编制方式采用捻制编织法,较佳的编织方向,右侧肢体对应人工韧带编制方向沿顺时针,左侧肢体对应人工韧带编制方向沿逆时针。
优选地,所述人工韧带由40-160束改性纤维编制而成,更为优选地,所述人工韧带由90-120束改性纤维编制而成。
优选地,所述人韧带的长度为25-50cm,较佳的长度为30-35cm。
优选地,所述人工韧带的屈服强度为100-300MPa,拉伸模量为400-1300MPa。
优选地,所述改性纤维的内层和外层为同心结构。
优选地,所述PET纤维的单丝纤维直径为0.01-0.04mm,最佳为0.02mm。
优选地,所述生物可降解弹性材料包括PTMC、PHA、P4HB、PCL、PGS、PDDO、或其中任意两种单体的共聚物中的一种或多种。
优选地,所述改性纤维的外层的厚度为0.005-0.02mm,最佳为0.01mm。
优选地,所述生物可降解弹性材料的重均分子量为1-30万,最佳为4-20万。
本发明的另一个目的是提供上述多层复合的仿生人工韧带的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1:PET纤维表面预处理:将医用级PET纤维浸泡在碳酸钠溶液中进行预处理,蒸馏水洗涤至中性,烘干;
步骤2:复合纤维制备:将熔融的生物可降解弹性材料旋转喷涂在PET单丝纤维的表面;然后冷却到室温;
步骤3:人工韧带的编制及灭菌:将步骤2的纤维以捻制编织法编制成人工韧带;将人工韧带灭菌处理,包装、备用。
优选地,所述步骤1中,预处理的步骤具体为:将医用级PET纤维浸泡在5%的碳酸钠溶液中,60-120℃,搅拌速度100-300rpm,搅拌30-60min。
优选地,所述步骤1中,烘干为50℃真空干燥。
优选地,所述步骤2中,生物可降解弹性材料的熔融温度为40-80℃;最佳为70℃。
优选地,所述步骤3中,捻制编织法具体为,将20-100根单丝纤维视为1束,40-160束捻成细绳,以缝扎方式固定绳两端,去离子水清洗、干燥,获得人工韧带。
优选地,所述步骤3中,灭菌方式采用环氧乙烷、γ射线或电子束辐照灭菌。
优选地,在所述步骤2之前,还包括了对生物可降解弹性材料的预处理,预处理的方法包括等离子处理或涂覆多巴胺。
借由上述方案,本发明至少具有以下优点:
本发明制备的人工韧带有利于细胞吸附、增殖、集落化和细胞分化以及胞外基质的生成。进一步来讲,以半结晶的PET为的主体的内层材料,将生物可降解弹性材料如PTMC(或PDDO或PHA或PCL或P4HB,或者他们的共聚物如PCL-co-PTMC、PHA-co-P4HB等)作为外层材料熔融后涂布于PET表面。PET为力学支撑材料,PTMC(或PDDO或PHA或P4HB或PCL或PCL-PTMC)提供利于细胞吸附与增殖的人工韧带表面,最后将纤维编制成生物相容性良好的人工韧带。
具体实施方式
下面将结合实施例对本发明的实施方案进行详细描述,但是本领域技术人员将会理解,下列实施例仅用于说明本发明,而不应视为限定本发明的范围。
实施例中未注明具体条件者,按照常规条件或制造商建议的条件进行。所用试剂或仪器未注明生产厂商者,均为可以通过市购获得的常规产品。
实施例1 PET/PTMC复合人工韧带的制备
步骤1.PET纤维浸没于5%的碳酸钠溶液,100℃处理30分钟后,去离子水清洗至洗涤出来的溶液pH=7,沥干后,50℃烘干。
步骤2.重均分子量10万的PTMC在70℃融化后,旋转喷涂至步骤1处理过的PET单丝纤维表面。
步骤3.将步骤2的纤维,经编织机编织成人工韧带。
实施例2 PET/PCL-PTMC复合人工韧带的制备
步骤1.PET纤维浸没于5%的碳酸钠溶液,100℃处理30分钟后,去离子水清洗至洗涤出来的溶液pH=7,沥干后,50℃烘干。
步骤2.重均分子量20万的PCL-PTMC(结构单元比例为1:1)在50℃融化后,旋转喷涂至步骤1处理过的PET单丝纤维表面。
步骤3.将步骤2的纤维,经编织机编织成人工韧带。
实施例3 PET/P4HB复合人工韧带的制备
步骤1.PET纤维浸没于5%的碳酸钠溶液,100℃处理30分钟后,去离子水清洗至洗涤出来的溶液pH=7,沥干后,50℃烘干。
步骤2.重均分子量10万的P4HB)在60℃融化后,旋转喷涂至步骤1处理过的PET单丝纤维表面。
步骤3.将步骤2的纤维,经编织机编织成人工韧带。
实施例4 PET/PGS复合人工韧带的制备
步骤1.PET纤维浸没于5%的碳酸钠溶液,100℃处理30分钟后,去离子水清洗至洗涤出来的溶液pH=7,沥干后,50℃烘干。
步骤2.重均分子量10万的PGS在60℃融化后,旋转喷涂至步骤1处理过的PET单丝纤维表面。
步骤3.将步骤2的纤维,经编织机编织成人工韧带。
复合人工韧带性能
Figure BDA0002571715950000041
复合人工韧带生物学评价
将人工韧带,温度在37℃,加入已有纤维原细胞的PBS缓冲液的24孔板中,缓冲液与样品的体积比应大于30:1,pH为7.4,培养7天后,细胞染色后,酶标仪测纤维原细胞在A450nm-A630nm之间的代谢活力显示,未改性的PET纤维韧带表面细胞活力低于0.3,而改性后纤维韧带表面细胞活力值高达7.0,可见生物相容性的外层有利于表面细胞的粘附与增殖。生物学评价如下表所示:
Figure BDA0002571715950000042
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。

Claims (10)

1.一种多层复合的仿生人工韧带,其特征在于:所述人工韧带由多束改性纤维编制而成;所述改性纤维包括内层和外层,所述外层的材料为生物可降解弹性材料,所述内层的材料为PET纤维。
2.根据权利要求1所述的多层复合的仿生人工韧带,其特征在于:所述人工韧带由40-160束改性纤维编制而成,每束改性纤维包括20-100根改性纤维。
3.根据权利要求1所述的多层复合的仿生人工韧带,其特征在于:所述人工韧带的长度为25-50cm。
4.根据权利要求1所述的多层复合的仿生人工韧带,其特征在于:所述改性纤维的内层和外层为同心结构。
5.根据权利要求1所述的多层复合的仿生人工韧带,其特征在于:所述PET纤维的单丝纤维直径为0.01-0.04mm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的多层复合的仿生人工韧带,其特征在于:所述生物可降解弹性材料选自PTMC、PHA、P4HB、PCL、PGS、PDDO、或其中任意两种单体的共聚物中的一种或多种。
7.根据权利要求1所述的多层复合的仿生人工韧带,其特征在于:所述改性纤维的外层的厚度为0.005-0.02mm。
8.根据权利要求1所述的多层复合的仿生人工韧带,其特征在于:所述生物可降解弹性材料的重均分子量为1-30万,所述PET纤维的重均分子量为150-200万。
9.权利要求1-8任一项所述的多层复合的仿生人工韧带的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
步骤1:PET纤维表面预处理:将医用级PET纤维浸泡在碳酸钠溶液中进行预处理,蒸馏水洗涤至中性,烘干;
步骤2:复合纤维制备:将熔融的生物可降解弹性材料旋转喷涂在PET单丝纤维的表面;然后冷却到室温;
步骤3:人工韧带的编制及灭菌:将步骤2的纤维以捻制编织法编制成人工韧带;将人工韧带灭菌处理,包装、备用。
10.根据权利要求9所述的制备方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1中,预处理的步骤具体为:将医用级PET纤维浸泡在5%的碳酸钠溶液中,60-120℃,搅拌速度100-300rpm,搅拌30-60min;所述步骤2中,生物可降解弹性材料的熔融温度为40-80℃。
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CN112515813A (zh) * 2020-12-01 2021-03-19 花沐医疗科技(上海)有限公司 一种人工韧带

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