CN111721632A - Drilling pressure integrated test device and method for simulating rock burst - Google Patents
Drilling pressure integrated test device and method for simulating rock burst Download PDFInfo
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- CN111721632A CN111721632A CN202010534264.0A CN202010534264A CN111721632A CN 111721632 A CN111721632 A CN 111721632A CN 202010534264 A CN202010534264 A CN 202010534264A CN 111721632 A CN111721632 A CN 111721632A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0256—Triaxial, i.e. the forces being applied along three normal axes of the specimen
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Abstract
The invention discloses a drilling pressure integrated test device for simulating rock burst, which comprises a true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system, electric drills, sliding plates and a rigid support, wherein a front high-precision hydraulic cylinder is fixedly arranged on a supporting platform, the electric drills are fixedly arranged on the sliding plates, a 90-degree inverted I-shaped steel is additionally arranged between the tail end of each electric drill and a pressure head of the front high-precision hydraulic cylinder, the rigid support comprises a fixed plate and supporting columns, the lower end of each supporting column is provided with a foot sleeve, the supporting platform is provided with three T-shaped rails corresponding to the foot sleeves, and the foot sleeves are sleeved on the corresponding T-shaped rails and locked through bolts. Meanwhile, the invention also discloses a test method for simulating rock burst by using the bit pressure integrated test device. The test system is improved based on the existing true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system, has ingenious design and reliable performance, can be used for simulating the rock explosion process of rocks under the in-situ stress condition, and is closer to the actual situation on site.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel or chamber mining, and particularly relates to a drilling pressure integrated test device for simulating rock burst based on a multifunctional true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system.
Background
In the excavation of an underground tunnel or a chamber, the stress balance state of a rock body is broken, so that local stress concentration is caused, when the local stress is greater than the strength of the rock, the rock is broken, and a large number of rock blocks are sprayed to a working surface, and the phenomenon is called rock burst.
At present, rock samples are drilled and then loaded to observe the rock burst process, and the rock samples are not in a stress loading state during drilling, so that the stress adjustment process can be simulated only, and the excavation unloading state cannot be simulated. Rock is in a stress loading state when excavation unloading is carried out in a real environment, and rock burst is generated under the combined action of excavation unloading and stress adjustment. For this reason, researchers first drill holes into rock samples, then fill similar materials into the holes, and when conducting a simulated rock burst test, chisel out the filling materials to simulate the tunnel excavation process. However, similar materials differ significantly from real rocks. Therefore, it is necessary to invent a testing apparatus capable of simulating a rock burst process by combining rock tunnel excavation and stress adjustment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention is improved based on the existing true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system to form a drilling pressure integrated test device capable of simulating rock burst, which can be used for simulating the rock burst process of rock under the in-situ stress condition and is closer to the actual situation on site.
Therefore, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a drilling and pressing integrated test device for simulating rock burst comprises a true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system, wherein high-precision hydraulic cylinders with pressure heads are respectively arranged in the upper, lower, left, right, front and rear directions of the true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system, the high-precision hydraulic cylinders in the front direction are fixedly arranged on a supporting platform, the device also comprises an electric drill, a sliding plate and a rigid support, the electric drill is fixedly arranged on the sliding plate, the drill bit end of the electric drill faces a rock sample, a 90-degree inverted I-shaped steel is additionally arranged between the tail end of the electric drill and the pressure head of the front high-precision hydraulic cylinder, the drill bit of the electric drill is just opposite to the center of the rock sample, the rigid support comprises a fixed plate and support columns, the sliding plate and the fixed plate are vertically connected through a T-shaped groove to realize sliding connection, every three support columns are in one group, a, the support platform is provided with three T-shaped rails corresponding to the foot sleeves, and the foot sleeves are sleeved on the corresponding T-shaped rails and locked through bolts.
Preferably, the electric drill can clamp drill bits with different diameters to drill the rock sample.
Preferably, rubber pads are adhered to two end faces of the I-shaped steel.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides a test method for simulating rock burst by using the bit pressure integrated test device, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing and installing a test piece;
preparing a rock sample, and putting the prepared rock sample into a sample cavity of a true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system;
secondly, installing the device;
selecting a drill bit with a proper diameter to be installed on an electric drill, fixing the electric drill on a sliding plate and tightly attaching to the I-shaped steel, then pushing the sliding plate to ensure that the sliding plate can smoothly slide on a rigid support, and then fixing the rigid support on a supporting platform by using bolts;
thirdly, stress loading;
according to the test requirements, a true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system is utilized to apply stress to the rock sample in five directions of up, down, left, right and back, the stress is kept stable, and no stress is applied to one side provided with an electric drill, so that a face empty surface is formed;
fourthly, drilling holes in the rock;
controlling a pressure head of the front precision hydraulic cylinder to move forwards so as to push the I-steel, so that the electric drill moves forwards at a constant speed, and drilling holes in the center of the face of the rock sample;
fifthly, simulating rock burst;
and after the drilling depth meets the test requirement, stopping drilling, controlling the pressure head of the front high-precision hydraulic cylinder to move backwards, dismantling the electric drill, the sliding plate and the I-steel on the supporting platform, keeping the loading stress of the rock sample in the upper, lower, left, right and rear five directions unchanged, placing the high-speed camera on the rigid support, and finally carrying out stress loading in the upper and lower directions to simulate the occurrence of rock burst.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method comprises the steps of firstly utilizing a true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system to load stress in five directions of up, down, left, right and back so as to simulate the stress environment before tunnel excavation, then utilizing an electric drill to drill holes by means of an existing high-precision hydraulic cylinder on one side of a free face so as to simulate excavation in an in-situ stress state, and finally utilizing the true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system to load the stress in two directions of up and down so as to simulate the rock burst process generated under the combined action of excavation unloading and stress adjustment, so that the rock burst process under the in-situ stress condition can be truly simulated, the actual situation of a site can be more closely met, and the method has practical guiding significance and important research value;
(2) the system is modified based on a true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system, is used for simulating a rock burst test, integrates drilling and stress loading, and is ingenious in concept, small in modification and reliable in performance;
(3) in view of large impact in the rock burst process, the electric drill is supported by a rigid support with a frame structure with a small upper part and a large lower part, and is connected with the T-shaped grooves in a sliding manner, and the three T-shaped tracks, the multiple groups of support columns and the foot sleeves are fastened by bolts, so that the electric drill has the advantages of strong impact resistance, stable structure, convenience in mounting and dismounting, easiness and rapidness in test and high efficiency, and is particularly suitable for hard rock burst simulation;
(4) the I-shaped steel is additionally arranged between the electric drill and the pressure head, so that the electric drill and the pressure head can be well protected, and stable and uniform drilling can be realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a drilling pressure integrated test device for simulating rock burst.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the sliding plate slidably connected to the fixed plate of the rigid frame.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the installation of the rigid support and the support platform.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
with reference to fig. 1-3, a rock burst simulated drilling pressure integrated test device is modified based on a true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system (only a part of true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system is shown in fig. 1), and the system issues an authorization on a website of the national intellectual property office in 2014, 7 and 2, and has a patent number of 201210231738. The true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system carries out stress loading on a sample in a sample cavity through a high-precision hydraulic cylinder 1 with a pressure head 1a which is respectively arranged in the upper, lower, left, right, front and back directions, wherein the high-precision hydraulic cylinder 1 in the front direction is fixedly arranged on a supporting platform 2.
On the basis of a true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system, an electric drill 3, a sliding plate 4, a rigid support 5, an I-steel 6 and a rubber pad 7 are additionally arranged.
The high-precision hydraulic cylinders 1 in the left, right, front and back four directions can all load horizontal loads, the electric drill 3 is arranged in the selected front direction, the electric drill 3 is installed by ingeniously utilizing the existing supporting platform 2, and arrangement and operation are more convenient. Preferably, a stopper 2b is provided at the rear of the support platform 2 to prevent the high-precision hydraulic cylinder 1 from slipping out of the support platform 2.
The electric drill 3 is fixedly arranged on the sliding plate 4, the drill bit end of the electric drill 3 faces the rock sample B, and the rock sample B is arranged in a sample cavity of the true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system. And a 90-degree inverted I-shaped steel 6 is additionally arranged between the tail end of the electric drill 3 and the pressure head 1a of the front high-precision hydraulic cylinder 1. Preferably, rubber pads 7 are adhered to two end faces of the I-shaped steel 6 to play a role in buffering. The drill bit of electric drill 3 is just to the center of rock sample B, and electric drill 3 can the different drill bit 3a of centre gripping bore hole to rock sample B to the rock burst test of different tunnel sizes is simulated.
The rigid support 5 is composed of a fixing plate 5a, a supporting column 5b and a foot cover 5 c. The sliding plate 4 and the fixed plate 5a are connected up and down through a T-shaped groove to realize sliding connection. Every three support columns 5b are in a group, and a plurality of groups of support columns 5b are arranged at intervals along the direction in which the axis of the electric drill 3 extends to jointly support the fixing plate 5 a. The three support columns 5b of each group are separated from each other at the upper part and are diverged at the lower part, namely, the three support columns are divided into a left support column, a middle support column and a right support column, the left support column and the right support column are splayed, and the middle support column is vertically arranged. The upper ends of the supporting columns 5b are welded under the fixing plate 5a, the lower end of each supporting column 5b is provided with a foot sleeve 5c, the supporting platform 2 is provided with three T-shaped rails 2a corresponding to the foot sleeves 5c, and the foot sleeves 5c are sleeved on the corresponding T-shaped rails 2a and locked through bolts.
A rock burst simulation test method of the integrated drilling pressure test device comprises the following steps:
firstly, preparing and installing a test piece;
preparing a rock sample B, and putting the prepared rock sample B into a sample cavity of a true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system.
Secondly, installing the device;
selecting a drill bit with a proper diameter to be installed on the electric drill 3, fixing the electric drill 3 on the sliding plate 4 and enabling the drill bit to be tightly attached to the front end of the I-shaped steel 6, and enabling the rear end of the I-shaped steel 6 to be tightly attached to the pressure head 1 a; then the sliding plate 4 is pushed to ensure that the sliding plate 4 can smoothly slide on the rigid support 5, and the rigid support 5 is fixed on the supporting platform 2 by using bolts.
Thirdly, stress loading;
according to the test requirements, the true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system A is utilized to apply stress to the rock sample B in five directions of up, down, left, right and back, the stress is kept stable, and no stress is applied to one side provided with the electric drill 3, so that a free face is formed.
Fourthly, drilling holes in the rock;
and controlling the pressure head 1a of the front high-precision hydraulic cylinder 1 to move forwards so as to push the I-steel 6, so that the electric drill 3 moves forwards at a constant speed, and drilling holes in the center of the face of the rock sample B.
Fifthly, simulating rock burst;
and after the drilling depth meets the test requirement, stopping drilling, controlling the pressure head 1a of the front high-precision hydraulic cylinder 1 to move backwards, dismantling the electric drill 3, the sliding plate 4 and the I-steel 6 on the supporting platform 2, keeping the loading stress of the rock sample in the upper, lower, left, right and rear five directions unchanged, placing the high-speed camera on the rigid support 5, and finally carrying out stress loading in the upper and lower two directions to simulate the occurrence of rock burst.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a weight-on-bit integration test device of simulation rockburst, includes true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system (A), six positions of the upper and lower, left and right, preceding, back of true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system are provided with high accuracy pneumatic cylinder (1) of taking pressure head (1a) respectively, and high accuracy pneumatic cylinder (1) fixed mounting in preceding position is on supporting platform (2), its characterized in that: the electric drill is characterized by further comprising an electric drill (3), a sliding plate (4) and a rigid support (5), wherein the electric drill (3) is fixedly installed on the sliding plate (4), the drill bit end of the electric drill (3) faces the rock sample (B), a 90-degree inverted I-shaped steel (6) is additionally arranged between the tail end of the electric drill (3) and a pressure head (1a) of a front high-precision hydraulic cylinder (1), the drill bit of the electric drill (3) is right opposite to the center of the rock sample (B), the rigid support (5) comprises a fixing plate (5a) and supporting columns (5B), the sliding plate (4) and the fixing plate (5a) are connected up and down through a T-shaped groove to realize sliding connection, every three supporting columns (5B) are in a group, a plurality of groups of supporting columns (5B) are arranged at intervals along the direction in which the axis of the electric drill (3) extends, the lower part is in a forked state, the upper ends of the supporting columns (5b) are welded under the fixing plate (5a), the lower end of each supporting column (5b) is provided with a foot sleeve (5c), the supporting platform (2) is provided with three T-shaped rails (2a) corresponding to the foot sleeves (5c), and the foot sleeves (5c) are sleeved on the corresponding T-shaped rails (2a) and locked through bolts.
2. The integrated drilling and pressing test device for simulating rock burst according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric drill (3) can clamp drill bits (3a) with different diameters to drill a rock sample (B).
3. The integrated drilling and pressing test device for simulating rock burst according to claim 2, characterized in that: rubber pads (7) are adhered to two end faces of the I-shaped steel (6).
4. A test method for simulating a rock burst using the weight-on-bit integrated test apparatus as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
firstly, preparing and installing a test piece;
preparing a rock sample (B), and putting the prepared rock sample (B) into a sample cavity of a true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system;
secondly, installing the device;
selecting a drill bit with a proper diameter to be installed on the electric drill (3), fixing the electric drill (3) on the sliding plate (4), enabling the electric drill to be tightly attached to the I-shaped steel (6), then pushing the sliding plate (4) to ensure that the sliding plate (4) can smoothly slide on the rigid support (5), and then fixing the rigid support (5) on the supporting platform (2) by utilizing bolts;
thirdly, stress loading;
according to the test requirements, a true triaxial fluid-solid coupling test system (A) is utilized to apply stress to a rock sample (B) in five directions of up, down, left, right and back, the stress is kept stable, and no stress is applied to one side where an electric drill (3) is arranged, so that a free face is formed;
fourthly, drilling holes in the rock;
controlling a pressure head (1a) of the front high-precision hydraulic cylinder (1) to move forwards so as to push the I-steel (6), so that the electric drill (3) moves forwards at a constant speed, and drilling holes in the center of the face of the rock sample (B);
fifthly, simulating rock burst;
after the drilling depth meets the test requirement, stopping drilling, controlling a pressure head (1a) of the front high-precision hydraulic cylinder (1) to move backwards, dismantling an electric drill (3), a sliding plate (4) and I-steel (6) on a supporting platform (2), keeping the loading stress of the rock sample (B) in the upper, lower, left, right and rear five directions unchanged, placing a high-speed camera on a rigid support (5), and finally carrying out stress loading in the upper and lower two directions to simulate the occurrence of rock burst.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113252457A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-08-13 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Local mine rigidity test device and method |
| CN115056367A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-09-16 | 昆明理工大学 | Precise drilling and positioning test device for cut blasting |
| CN115452599A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2022-12-09 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Rock burst simulation test equipment and method |
| CN116148058A (en) * | 2023-01-04 | 2023-05-23 | 山东科技大学 | Rock mass true triaxial indoor test method based on first unloading and then anchoring |
| CN116539512A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-08-04 | 北京科技大学 | Stress corrosion simulation experiment equipment |
| CN117571489A (en) * | 2024-01-12 | 2024-02-20 | 东北大学 | Rock drillability evaluation test device under true three-dimensional high stress state |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113252457A (en) * | 2021-04-13 | 2021-08-13 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Local mine rigidity test device and method |
| CN115056367A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-09-16 | 昆明理工大学 | Precise drilling and positioning test device for cut blasting |
| CN115056367B (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-01 | 昆明理工大学 | Precise drilling and positioning test device for cut blasting |
| CN115452599A (en) * | 2022-11-11 | 2022-12-09 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Rock burst simulation test equipment and method |
| CN116148058A (en) * | 2023-01-04 | 2023-05-23 | 山东科技大学 | Rock mass true triaxial indoor test method based on first unloading and then anchoring |
| CN116148058B (en) * | 2023-01-04 | 2024-01-30 | 山东科技大学 | Rock mass true triaxial indoor test method based on first unloading and then anchoring |
| CN116539512A (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-08-04 | 北京科技大学 | Stress corrosion simulation experiment equipment |
| CN116539512B (en) * | 2023-05-12 | 2023-12-22 | 北京科技大学 | Stress corrosion simulation experiment equipment |
| CN117571489A (en) * | 2024-01-12 | 2024-02-20 | 东北大学 | Rock drillability evaluation test device under true three-dimensional high stress state |
| CN117571489B (en) * | 2024-01-12 | 2024-03-22 | 东北大学 | Rock drillability evaluation test device under true three-dimensional high stress state |
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