CN107328542B - Dynamic quantitative test device and method for shock resistance of anchor rod - Google Patents
Dynamic quantitative test device and method for shock resistance of anchor rod Download PDFInfo
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- CN107328542B CN107328542B CN201710695466.1A CN201710695466A CN107328542B CN 107328542 B CN107328542 B CN 107328542B CN 201710695466 A CN201710695466 A CN 201710695466A CN 107328542 B CN107328542 B CN 107328542B
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- anchor rod
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic quantitative test device for the impact resistance of an anchor rod and a test method thereof, wherein the test device comprises a machine base, a clamping part and an impact part which are arranged on the machine base, and the impact resistance of the anchor rod under the conditions of different anchoring lengths and different anchoring forces can be tested by controlling the action parameters of surrounding rock on the anchor rod through adjusting the clamping force of the clamping part; the height of the self-body is adjustable through the adjustment of the impact part adjusting oil cylinder, so that loads can be applied to anchor rods with different lengths; the impact force of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder can be controlled to adjust the application of different loads to the anchor rods with different lengths; the impact resistance of the anchor rod under different speeds can be tested by regulating and controlling the loading speed of the high-speed hydraulic cylinder, so that the impact resistance test of the anchor rod with different lengths can be realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of anchor bolt support testing, in particular to a testing system for the impact resistance of an anchor bolt and a using method thereof.
Background
Anchor bolt support is the most commonly used support mode for underground coal mine roadways. However, as the mining depth of the coal mine increases, the geological conditions are more and more complex, and the engineering disasters such as rock burst, rock burst and the like caused by high stress are more and more frequent and serious. Under the condition, the impact resistance of the anchor rod under different anchoring conditions can be accurately known, and the key of ensuring the anchoring and supporting effects is that.
In order to test the impact resistance of the anchor rod, a corresponding test device needs to be developed. The Chinese patent with the application number of 201210093451.5 describes a system for testing the dynamic performance of an anchor rod, wherein the top end of a test piece is fixed through a clamping device, and the dynamic performance of the anchor rod or an anchor cable is tested by using a drop hammer; the Chinese patent with the application number of 201110387388.1 describes an anchor rod performance testing device, wherein one end of an anchor rod is fixed, and the impact resistance and the statics performance of the anchor rod can be respectively tested by utilizing an impact weight disc and a static hydraulic stretching device. The two devices are used for fixing one end of the anchor rod, directly applying impact load to the other end of the anchor rod, neglecting interaction between the anchor rod and surrounding rock and not accurately reflecting the impact resistance of the anchor rod in field application. In order to consider interaction between an anchor rod and surrounding rock, china patent with application number 201510052234.5 discloses an anchor rod impact resistance test system considering support-surrounding rock interaction and an application method thereof, wherein a steel pipe is utilized to simulate the action of the surrounding rock on the anchor rod, but the action parameters of the surrounding rock on the anchor rod cannot be controlled, and the relation between the support-surrounding rock interaction and the impact resistance of the anchor rod cannot be analyzed quantitatively.
In actual engineering, the magnitude of the anchoring force of the anchor rod and the length of the anchoring section are greatly different due to different geological conditions and technical requirements, so that the impact resistance of the anchor rod is greatly influenced, and aiming at the problems, the dynamic quantitative test device for the impact resistance of the anchor rod is needed to be provided, so that quantitative test of the impact resistance of the anchor rod under different anchoring conditions is realized.
At present, the oil pressure driven collet chuck mainly comprises a high-speed rotary oil cylinder and a collet chuck, the collet chuck is loosened and clamped through forward pushing and backward pulling of the oil cylinder, the hydraulic chuck is high in precision and high in rotating speed, and the hydraulic chuck is mainly applied to lathes and various special processing machines for clamping operation. However, because the inner wall of the collet is smooth, if the collet is directly used for clamping an anchored anchor rod, the sleeve and the collet can slide to generate displacement, and the displacement generated by the anchor rod under the action of impact force are mixed together and cannot be distinguished, so that the purpose of quantitatively monitoring the displacement of the anchor rod cannot be realized.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a dynamic quantitative test device and a test method for the impact resistance of an anchor rod, which can realize quantitative analysis of the impact resistance, the anchoring length and the anchoring force of the anchor rod.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides an anchor rod shock resistance dynamic quantitative test device, includes frame, clamping part and impact part, wherein:
the clamping component is characterized in that a door-shaped outer frame is arranged in the center of the machine base, and an anchor rod clamp is arranged on a cross beam of the door-shaped outer frame; the anchor rod clamp comprises an oil pressure driven collet chuck and a sleeve, wherein a collet of the oil pressure driven collet chuck is lengthened, and a plurality of circles of grooves are formed in the inner wall of the collet; the sleeve is a cylindrical sleeve with a vertical notch, the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with a plurality of circles of bulges which are matched with the grooves on the inner wall of the collet chuck, and the bulges and the grooves can prevent the sleeve from sliding relative to the collet chuck in the test process;
the impact part is characterized in that a manual adjusting oil cylinder is arranged in the center of the stand, a door-shaped inner frame is arranged on the adjusting oil cylinder, a high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder is arranged on a cross beam of the door-shaped inner frame, the axis of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder is coincident with the axis of a collet chuck of the anchor rod clamp, and the anchor rod can pass through the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder; the height of the inner frame of the door shape is adjusted by the manual operation adjusting oil cylinder, so that the height of the high-speed hydraulic cylinder is driven to be adjusted, and the high-speed hydraulic cylinder is suitable for testing the impact performance of anchor rods with different lengths.
In order to prevent the anchor rod from directly impacting the engine base when the anchor rod is broken by impact or is separated from the anchor rod clamp, a buffer rubber pad is arranged on the adjusting oil cylinder.
In order to prevent the anchor rod from being broken and threatening the personal safety of operators, protection plates are arranged around the machine base.
The method for carrying out dynamic quantitative test on the shock resistance of the anchor rod by using the test device comprises the following steps:
the first step: set up test protocol
The purpose of the test is two: firstly, obtaining test results of the anchor rods to be tested with the same specification under the conditions of different anchoring lengths, anchoring forces and impact forces; secondly, the impact resistance of the anchor rods with different specifications is obtained;
and a second step of: anchoring bolt
Firstly, according to the requirements of a test scheme, anchoring the corresponding length of an anchoring end of an anchor rod to be tested in a sleeve by using an anchoring agent, and placing the anchor rod to be tested for drying;
and a second step of: clamping anchor rod
Manually adjusting the adjusting oil cylinder to enable the adjusting oil cylinder to descend to the lowest position, clamping a sleeve with an anchor rod in a collet of an oil pressure driven collet chuck, and enabling a protrusion on the outer wall of the sleeve to be clamped in a groove on the inner wall of the collet chuck; the oil cylinder is adjusted in a lifting mode, the oil cylinder is adjusted to drive the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder on the door-shaped inner frame to lift up until the lower end of the anchor rod passes through a hole in the middle of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder, and the tray and the nut are installed at the lower end of the anchor rod to be fastened; the clamping force is applied to the anchor rod by the oil pressure driving collet chuck,
and a third step of: dynamic quantitative impact test for impact resistance of anchor rod
According to the set test scheme, applying impact force to the anchor rod to be tested through the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder, and testing the displacement of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder and the displacement of the anchor rod moving from the sleeve under the condition of the impact force in the impact process, wherein the deformation of the anchor rod is obtained by subtracting the displacement of the anchor rod moving from the sleeve from the displacement of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder; after the test is finished, loosening the clamping part, taking out the sleeve, finishing the tested anchor rods, cleaning the sleeve, performing the next group of tests according to the steps 2-3, and the like until all the anchor rods to be tested are tested;
fourth step: analysis of test data
And carrying out transverse comparison and longitudinal comparison on the test data, obtaining the impact resistance of the anchor rod to be tested with the same specification under the conditions of different anchoring lengths, anchoring forces and impact forces through transverse comparison, and comparing the impact resistance of the anchor rods with different specifications in the longitudinal direction.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The clamping component designed by the invention can simulate the acting force of surrounding rock on the anchor rod, the groove on the inner wall of the collet and the bulge on the outer wall of the sleeve are mutually matched, the sleeve and the collet are prevented from sliding relatively in the test process, and a bedding is made for quantitatively monitoring the displacement of the anchor rod; and the impact resistance test of the anchor rod under the conditions of different anchoring lengths and different anchoring forces can be realized by controlling the action parameters of surrounding rock on the anchor rod by adjusting the clamping force of the clamping part.
(2) The impact part designed by the invention realizes self height adjustment through adjustment of the adjusting oil cylinder, and can apply load to anchor rods with different lengths; the impact force of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder can be controlled to adjust the application of different loads to the anchor rods with different lengths; the impact resistance of the anchor rod under different speeds can be tested by regulating and controlling the loading speed of the high-speed hydraulic cylinder, so that the impact resistance test of the anchor rod with different lengths can be realized.
(3) According to the invention, the perfect combination of the clamping component and the impact component is realized, the relation between the supporting-surrounding rock interaction and the anchor rod impact resistance is dynamically and quantitatively analyzed, the limitation that the existing test of the anchor rod mechanical property lacks quantitative research on the interaction between the anchor rod and the surrounding rock is overcome, the test result of the anchor rod to be tested with the same specification under the conditions of different anchoring lengths, anchoring forces and impact forces can be obtained, the anchor rod impact resistance with different specifications can be compared, and the research results provide a controllable basis for guaranteeing the anchor rod supporting effect under different complex geological conditions in the pit.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a test apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the test device of the present invention after installation of the anchor rod;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a collet of the hydraulically actuated collet chuck of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of a sleeve in the clamping member of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a sectional view showing a state of use of the holding member of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
As shown in figures 1-5, the dynamic quantitative test device for the impact resistance of the anchor rod comprises a machine base 1, a clamping part 7 and an impact part;
the clamping part 7 is provided with a door-shaped outer frame 2 at the center of the machine base 1, and an anchor rod clamp is arranged on a beam 3 of the door-shaped outer frame; the anchor rod clamp comprises an oil pressure driven collet chuck and a sleeve, wherein a collet 10 of the oil pressure driven collet chuck is lengthened, and a plurality of circles of grooves 14 are formed in the inner wall of the collet 10; the sleeve 15 is a cylindrical sleeve with a vertical notch, a plurality of circles of protrusions 16 which are matched with grooves on the inner wall of the collet 10 are arranged on the outer wall of the sleeve 15, and the protrusions 16 and the grooves 14 can prevent the sleeve 15 and the collet 10 from sliding relatively in the test process;
the impact part is characterized in that a manual adjusting oil cylinder 6 is arranged in the center of the stand 1, a door-shaped inner frame 4 is arranged on the adjusting oil cylinder 6, a high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8 is arranged on a cross beam 5 of the door-shaped inner frame, the axis of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8 is coincident with the axis of a collet 10, and an anchor rod can pass through the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8; the height of the portal-shaped inner frame 4 is adjusted by manually operating the adjusting oil cylinder 6, thereby driving the height of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8 to be adjusted so as to adapt to the test of the impact performance of the anchor rods with different lengths
In order to prevent the anchor rod 11 from directly impacting the machine base 1 when the anchor rod is broken by impact or is separated from the anchor rod clamp, a buffer rubber pad 9 is arranged on the adjusting oil cylinder 6.
In order to prevent the anchor rods 11 from being broken and threatening the personal safety of operators, protection plates are arranged around the machine base 1.
The hydraulic driving collet chuck can be CPC-60A8 collet chuck of Dongguan Shandong mechanical Co.
The method for carrying out dynamic quantitative test on the shock resistance of the anchor rod by using the test device comprises the following steps:
the first step: set up test protocol
The purpose of the test is two: firstly, obtaining test results of the anchor rods to be tested with the same specification under the conditions of different anchoring lengths, anchoring forces and impact forces; secondly, the impact resistance of the anchor rods with different specifications is obtained.
And a second step of: anchoring bolt
Firstly, according to the requirements of a test scheme, anchoring the corresponding length of an anchoring end of an anchor rod 11 to be tested in a sleeve 15 by using an anchoring agent 17, and placing the anchor rod 17 to be dried;
and a second step of: clamping anchor rod
Manually adjusting the adjusting cylinder 6 to enable the adjusting cylinder 6 to descend to the lowest position, clamping the sleeve 15 provided with the anchor rod 11 in the collet 10 of the oil pressure driven collet chuck, and enabling the protrusions 16 on the outer wall of the sleeve 15 to be clamped in the grooves 14 on the inner wall of the collet 10; the oil cylinder 6 is regulated in a lifting way, the oil cylinder 6 drives the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8 on the door-shaped inner frame 4 to lift up until the lower end of the anchor rod 11 passes through a hole in the middle of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8, and a tray 12 and a nut 13 are arranged at the lower end of the anchor rod 11 to be fastened; the clamping force is applied to the bolt 11 by the oil pressure actuated collet chuck,
and a third step of: dynamic quantitative impact test for impact resistance of anchor rod
According to the set test scheme, applying impact force to the anchor rod 11 to be tested through the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8, and testing the displacement of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8 and the displacement of the anchor rod 11 moving from the sleeve 15 under the condition of the impact force in the impact process, wherein the displacement of the anchor rod 11 moving from the sleeve 15 is subtracted from the displacement of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder 8 to obtain the deformation of the anchor rod 11; after the test is completed, loosening the clamping part, taking out the sleeve 15, finishing the tested anchor rods 11, cleaning the sleeve 15, performing the next group of tests according to the steps 2-3, and the like until all the anchor rods 11 to be tested are tested;
fourth step: analysis of test data
And carrying out transverse comparison and longitudinal comparison on the test data, obtaining the impact resistance of the anchor rod 11 to be tested with the same specification under the conditions of different anchoring lengths, anchoring forces and impact forces through transverse comparison, and comparing the impact resistance of the anchor rods with different specifications through longitudinal comparison.
Claims (3)
1. The test method of the dynamic quantitative test device for the impact resistance of the anchor rod is characterized in that the dynamic quantitative test device for the impact resistance of the anchor rod comprises a machine base, a clamping part and an impact part, wherein:
the clamping component is characterized in that a door-shaped outer frame is arranged in the center of the machine base, and an anchor rod clamp is arranged on a cross beam of the door-shaped outer frame; the anchor rod clamp comprises an oil pressure driven collet chuck and a sleeve, wherein a collet of the oil pressure driven collet chuck is lengthened, and a plurality of circles of grooves are formed in the inner wall of the collet; the sleeve is a cylindrical sleeve with a vertical notch, the outer wall of the sleeve is provided with a plurality of circles of bulges which are matched with the grooves on the inner wall of the collet chuck, and the bulges and the grooves can prevent the sleeve from sliding relative to the collet chuck in the test process;
the impact part is characterized in that a manual adjusting oil cylinder is arranged in the center of the stand, a door-shaped inner frame is arranged on the adjusting oil cylinder, a high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder is arranged on a cross beam of the door-shaped inner frame, the axis of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder is coincident with the axis of a collet chuck of the anchor rod clamp, and the anchor rod can pass through the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder; the height of the inner frame of the door shape is adjusted by manually operating the adjusting oil cylinder, so that the height of the high-speed hydraulic cylinder is driven to be adjusted, and the high-speed hydraulic cylinder is suitable for testing the impact performance of anchor rods with different lengths;
the test method of the dynamic quantitative test device for the shock resistance of the anchor rod comprises the following steps:
the first step: set up test protocol
The purpose of the test is two: firstly, obtaining test results of the anchor rods to be tested with the same specification under the conditions of different anchoring lengths, anchoring forces and impact forces; secondly, the impact resistance of the anchor rods with different specifications is obtained;
and a second step of: anchoring bolt
Firstly, according to the requirements of a test scheme, anchoring the corresponding length of an anchoring end of an anchor rod to be tested in a sleeve by using an anchoring agent, and placing the anchor rod to be tested for drying;
and a third step of: clamping anchor rod
Manually adjusting the adjusting oil cylinder to enable the adjusting oil cylinder to descend to the lowest position, clamping a sleeve with an anchor rod in a collet of an oil pressure driven collet chuck, and enabling a protrusion on the outer wall of the sleeve to be clamped in a groove on the inner wall of the collet chuck; the oil cylinder is adjusted in a lifting mode, the oil cylinder is adjusted to drive the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder on the door-shaped inner frame to lift up until the lower end of the anchor rod passes through a hole in the middle of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder, and the tray and the nut are installed at the lower end of the anchor rod to be fastened; applying a clamping force to the anchor rod by using an oil pressure driven collet chuck;
fourth step: dynamic quantitative impact test for impact resistance of anchor rod
According to the set test scheme, applying impact force to the anchor rod to be tested through the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder, and testing the displacement of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder and the displacement of the anchor rod moving from the sleeve under the condition of the impact force in the impact process, wherein the deformation of the anchor rod is obtained by subtracting the displacement of the anchor rod moving from the sleeve from the displacement of the high-speed hollow hydraulic cylinder; after the test is finished, loosening the clamping part, taking out the sleeve, finishing the tested anchor rods, cleaning the sleeve, performing the next group of tests according to the steps 2-3, and the like until all the anchor rods to be tested are tested;
fifth step: analysis of test data
And carrying out transverse comparison and longitudinal comparison on the test data, obtaining the impact resistance of the anchor rod to be tested with the same specification under the conditions of different anchoring lengths, anchoring forces and impact forces through transverse comparison, and comparing the impact resistance of the anchor rods with different specifications in the longitudinal direction.
2. The method for testing the dynamic quantitative test device for the shock resistance of the anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting oil cylinder is provided with a buffer rubber pad.
3. The method for testing the dynamic quantitative test device for the impact resistance of the anchor rod according to claim 1, wherein the protection plate is arranged around the base.
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| CN109668798A (en) * | 2018-07-13 | 2019-04-23 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | A kind of anchor pole shock resistance experimental apparatus for testing and method |
| CN110455629A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-15 | 河南理工大学 | A kind of reversible type anchor pole work creep drawing characteristic test system |
| CN112067224B (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2022-05-17 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Detection method for whole-course dynamic load response characteristic of anchor rod in drop hammer impact mode |
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