CN109668798A - A kind of anchor pole shock resistance experimental apparatus for testing and method - Google Patents
A kind of anchor pole shock resistance experimental apparatus for testing and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109668798A CN109668798A CN201811500137.8A CN201811500137A CN109668798A CN 109668798 A CN109668798 A CN 109668798A CN 201811500137 A CN201811500137 A CN 201811500137A CN 109668798 A CN109668798 A CN 109668798A
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- anchor pole
- hole
- top plate
- plate
- pressure sensor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/303—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated only by free-falling weight
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/001—Impulsive
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0032—Generation of the force using mechanical means
- G01N2203/0039—Hammer or pendulum
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0278—Thin specimens
- G01N2203/028—One dimensional, e.g. filaments, wires, ropes or cables
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of anchor pole shock resistance experimental apparatus for testing and methods, are related to anchor pole mechanical property studying technological domain, can simulate anchor pole in roadway surrounding rock by the environment of bump, with realize to it is flexible can release anchor pole mechanical property test.It include: bracket, hoisting mechanism, impact part, hold assembly and pressure sensor；Bracket is frame structure, bracket includes column and top plate, the top plate is set to the column top, hoisting mechanism is set in the space that the frame structure surrounds and is fixed on the top plate, hoisting mechanism one end is connected with impact part, and impact part is cooperateed with hoisting mechanism comes pressure ring border for simulating tunnel；The hold assembly is additionally provided on top plate, hold assembly is used for fixing anchor bar, and on the anchor pole, the pressure sensor is equipped between the hold assembly and the top plate.The present invention is studied suitable for anchor pole shock resistance mechanics characteristic test.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to anchor pole mechanical property studying technological domain more particularly to a kind of anchor pole shock resistance test experiments
Device and method.
Background technique
Bump is the great difficult problem that current deep coalmining faces, and outstanding behaviours is exactly the prominent of coal and rock mass
So release, causes the destruction of roadway surrounding rock, seriously threatens the safety of personnel in the pit, cause significant damage to Safety of Coal Mine Production.
Bump occurrence frequency is high, and harm is big, how to prevent and treat bump, has become an important research in coal mining field
Project.A kind of flexibility of the Introduction To Cn Patent of application number CN201710361381.X can release anchor pole, the anchor pole tunnel not
Occur that anchorage effect can be played to country rock when bump, when bump occurs, energy-absorbing can be played and allow pressure, for prevention and treatment
Bump provides a kind of thinking and solution.
But a kind of kinetic test experimental provision to match therewith can be needed after release anchor pole develops in flexibility
Study its dynamic mechanical, research flexibility can release anchor pole support shock proof characteristic, in conjunction with flexibility can release anchor pole by
To dynamic characteristics when impact, analysis it is flexible can release anchor pole energy-absorbing rule, for advanced optimize it is flexible can release anchor pole
Structure design provides foundation.
Summary of the invention
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of anchor pole shock resistance experimental apparatus for testing and method, and simulation anchor pole encloses in tunnel
By the environment of bump in rock, with realize to it is flexible can release anchor pole mechanical property test, be applicable to anchor pole,
Especially it is flexible can release anchor pole shock resistance experimental study.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the embodiment of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
In a first aspect, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of anchor pole shock resistance experimental apparatus for testing, comprising: bracket mentions
Rise mechanism, impact part, hold assembly and pressure sensor；
The bracket is frame structure, and the bracket includes column and top plate, and the top plate is set to the column top, institute
Hoisting mechanism is stated in the space that the frame structure surrounds and is fixed on the top plate, described hoisting mechanism one end connects
It is connected to the impact part, the impact part is cooperateed with the hoisting mechanism comes pressure ring border for simulating roadway surrounding rock；
The hold assembly is additionally provided on the top plate, the hold assembly is used for fixing anchor bar, to simulate anchor pole in lane
Anchoring status in road country rock is equipped with the pressure on the anchor pole, between the hold assembly and the top plate and passes
Sensor, the impact force being subject to for monitoring anchor pole.
Preferably, the impact part is to drop hammer, and described drop hammer is made of plurality of steel plates overlapping, and uses threaded rod and spiral shell
Mother is fixedly connected into a single integrated structure.
Preferably, the bracket further includes bottom plate, and described drop hammer is equipped with longitudinal hole, is equipped with and leads in the longitudinal hole
The top plate is fixed in rail, described guide rail one end, and the other end is fixed on the bottom plate, it is described drop hammer be surrounded by with it is described vertical
To the openable and closable structure of through-hole vertically, the openable and closable structure is for facilitating addition or removal to drop hammer；Alternatively, described
Bracket further includes bottom plate, and the both sides of the edge of dropping hammer are equipped with guide rail, described guide rail one end equipped with longitudinal chute in the sliding slot
It is fixed on the top plate, the other end is fixed on the bottom plate.
Preferably, the hoisting mechanism includes promoting motor, wirerope and magnechuck, the wirerope one ends wound
On the output shaft for promoting motor, the wirerope other end is connected with the magnechuck, the magnechuck and institute
Contact of dropping hammer is stated, the magnechuck, which is powered, generates magnetic field, adsorbs described drop hammer.
Preferably, the hold assembly includes lock ring and the intermediate plate in the lock ring, and the lock ring is tube structure,
The tube structure axial direction is equipped with central through hole, and the central through hole is the first up big and down small inverted round stage structure, the folder
Piece forms the second inverted round stage structure by several torus with gradient, and the intermediate plate inner sidewall is equipped with internal screw thread, the anchor pole
Be equipped with external screw thread, the anchor pole is set in the central through hole of the lock ring, the intermediate plate be inserted into the central through hole with it is described
In space between anchor pole, the intermediate plate is cooperated by the external screw thread of the internal screw thread and the anchor pole locks the anchor pole.
Preferably, the bottom plate includes being arranged concentrically the first steel plate and the second steel plate, and first steel plate is rectangular configuration,
Second steel plate is set among first steel plate and mutually separates with first steel plate；The column is including four, four
Root post is spaced correspondence two-by-two and is fixed on the first steel plate of the bottom plate, is additionally provided with first in the bottom plate and column junction
Support angle steel, first support angle steel are triangular structure of right angle；
The upright post vertical histogram corresponding two-by-two is upward, different height position is additionally provided with crossbeam, the top plate bottom welding
There is a reinforcement beam, the junction of the top plate and the column is equipped with the second support angle steel, and second support angle steel is right angle ladder
Shape structure.
Preferably, the first billet, the pressure are equipped between the pressure sensor upper surface and the hold assembly
The second billet is equipped between sensor lower surface and the top plate, the pressure sensor is equipped with annular array threaded hole,
Second billet is equipped with first through hole corresponding with annular array screw thread hole site, and the top plate is equipped with and institute
Corresponding second through-hole in annular array screw thread hole site is stated, the threaded hole, first through hole and second are sequentially passed through by screw rod
Through-hole is fixedly connected on the top plate with nut and screw rod cooperation.
Preferably, described be spaced between the column being correspondingly arranged two-by-two is additionally provided with wire netting, in the wire netting one
Side is equipped with the entrance that can be opened and closed.
Second aspect, a kind of anchor pole shock resistance test experiments method of the embodiment of the present invention are appointed applied to first aspect
On device described in one, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
Height locating for the impact part is adjusted using the hoisting mechanism dynamic, to simulate in roadway surrounding rock
Pressure；
The anchor pole is impacted using the impact part of different height, to simulate in roadway surrounding rock anchor pole by arrival pressure ring
Border；
It is monitored using the surge that pressure sensor is subject to the anchor pole, and the pressure data monitored is defeated
Out to analyze the mechanical property that the anchor pole is hit.
Optionally, the anchor pole hold assembly is clamped into the frame structure space for being suspended on the experiment frame and surrounding
Inside include:
Four 3m~3.5m high column interval correspondences are welded on the bottom plate of experiment frame；The bottom plate includes setting with one heart
The first steel plate and the second steel plate are set, first steel plate is rectangular configuration, and second steel plate is set in first steel plate
Between and mutually separate with first steel plate；
In the column top welding top plate；The top plate is equipped with first annular array through-hole, the top plate lower surface
It is welded with stiff girder；
In the junction and column of the column and bottom plate and the junction of top plate, support angle steel is set；
Customizing round circular pressure sensor, setting passes through corresponding position with the first annular array on pressure sensor
Annular array threaded hole；
One piece of billet is set between pressure sensor and top plate, to increase the uniformity of stress；On the billet
Equipped with the second annular array through-hole corresponding with first annular array through-hole position；
Sequentially pass through the threaded hole, first annular array through-hole and the second annular array through-hole with screw rod, with nut with
The screw rod cooperation is fixedly connected on the top plate；
Lock ring is placed on pressure sensor, lock ring and the pressure sensor are coaxially disposed；
One layer of billet is set between pressure sensor and lock ring, to increase uniform force；
Anchor pole is inserted into the lock ring, anchor rod anchored end processing thread segment is made to be located at the lock ring position；The lock ring
Described is tube structure, and the tube structure axial direction is equipped with central through hole, and the central through hole falls for up big and down small first
Frustum cone structure；
Intermediate plate is inserted into the space between the central through hole and the anchor pole, the intermediate plate by the internal screw thread with
The external screw thread of the anchor pole cooperates；
The anchor pole is pulled downward on, drives the intermediate plate to move down and is caught in lock ring, so that the anchor pole be locked；
The impact part is to drop hammer, and the hoisting mechanism includes promoting motor, wirerope and magnechuck, the steel
For cord one ends wound on the output shaft for promoting motor, the wirerope other end is connected with the magnechuck；
It is described to adjust height locating for the impact part using the hoisting mechanism dynamic, to simulate in roadway surrounding rock
To press；The anchor pole is impacted using the impact part of different height, comes pressure ring border with simulate that anchor pole in roadway surrounding rock is subject to
Include:
Vertical guide is set on path above and below weight, by the guide rail both ends it is fixed on experiment frame top plate and bottom plate,
Sliding slot is set at weight edge, the guide rail is set in the sliding slot；
Corresponding upright post vertical histogram two-by-two upwards, different height position be arranged crossbeam, different height position setting cross
Beam is for reinforcing experiment frame and parking weight；
It presses magnechuck and opens button, utilize magnechuck described in the promotion motor oscilaltion；
When dropping hammer described in the magnechuck contact, the magnechuck, which is powered, generates magnetic field, adsorbs described drop hammer；
Described drop hammer is promoted on different height position along the guide rail using motor is promoted；
Magnechuck close button is pressed, magnechuck release drops hammer, drops hammer along the guide rail drop impact anchor pole；
The method also includes: it using CCD camera to the anchor pole of variety classes or different size, repeats the above steps, supervises
Survey the mechanical property under different impact forces.
A kind of anchor pole shock resistance experimental apparatus for testing of the embodiment of the present invention and method, including bracket, hoisting mechanism, punching
Component, hold assembly and pressure sensor are hit, by being clamped anchor pole with one end with hold assembly, for simulating anchor pole in tunnel
Impact part is promoted to different height using hoisting mechanism by anchoring status in country rock, when impact part free-falling, is generated
Different impact forces comes pressure ring border to simulate roadway surrounding rock, and sets on anchor pole, between hold assembly and the top plate of bracket
Pressure sensor is set to monitor and obtain Mechanical Data of the anchor pole when being impacted, can simulate anchor pole in roadway surrounding rock by
The environment of bump, with realize to it is flexible can release anchor pole mechanical property test, be applicable to anchor pole, it is especially soft
Property can release anchor pole shock resistance experimental study.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with
Other attached drawings are obtained according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is one embodiment of the invention anchor pole shock resistance experimental apparatus for testing structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that drops hammer in Fig. 1；
Fig. 3 is to drop hammer to cooperate one example structure schematic diagram of lifting with guide rail in Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is one example structure application schematic diagram of hold assembly in Fig. 1；
Fig. 5 is the Structure explosion diagram that one embodiment of hold assembly clamps anchor pole in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional view of Fig. 4；
Fig. 7 is mounting structure explosive view of one embodiment of pressure sensor on top plate in Fig. 1；
Fig. 8 is experimental provision partial structure diagram in Fig. 1.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
It will be appreciated that described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base
Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts it is all its
Its embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of anchor pole shock resistance experimental apparatus for testing, is suitable for existing
Or laboratory anchor pole shock resistance is tested, research, especially suitable for can release anchor pole shock resistance mechanical property to flexibility
Experimental study.
Described device includes: bracket 1, hoisting mechanism 2, impact part 3, hold assembly 4 and pressure sensor 5, the branch
Frame 1 is frame structure, and the bracket includes column 6 and top plate 7, and the top plate 7 is set to 6 top of column, the elevator
Structure 2 is set in the space that the frame structure surrounds and is fixed on the top plate 7, and 2 one end of hoisting mechanism connection is
Impact part 3 is stated, the impact part 3 is cooperateed with the hoisting mechanism comes pressure ring border for simulating roadway surrounding rock.
The hold assembly 4 is additionally provided on the top plate 7, the hold assembly 4 is used for fixing anchor bar 8, to simulate anchor pole
Anchoring status in roadway surrounding rock is equipped with described on the anchor pole 8, between the hold assembly 4 and the top plate 7
Pressure sensor 5, the impact force being subject to for monitoring anchor pole.Specifically, the anchor pole includes that flexibility can release anchor pole.
A kind of anchor pole shock resistance experimental apparatus for testing of the embodiment of the present invention, including bracket, hoisting mechanism, impact portion
Part, hold assembly and pressure sensor, by clamping anchor pole hold assembly one end, for simulating anchor pole in roadway surrounding rock
Impact part is promoted to different height using hoisting mechanism by anchoring status, when impact part free-falling, is generated different
Impact force comes pressure ring border to simulate roadway surrounding rock, and pressure is arranged on anchor pole, between hold assembly and the top plate of bracket
Sensor can simulate anchor pole in roadway surrounding rock by impact ground to monitor the Mechanical Data for obtaining anchor pole when being impacted
The environment of pressure, with realize to it is flexible can release anchor pole mechanical property test.It is applicable to anchor pole, it is especially flexible detachable
Press the shock resistance experimental study of anchor pole.
It is understood that experiment can also be compared with conventional anchor pole to analyze flexible roof bolt shock resistance, with
Analyze mechanical property of the flexible roof bolt by impact force when.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the height of the bracket is 3m~3.5m.The top plate of the frame upper is pre-
There are the holes for passing through anchor pole, and preferably diameter is 50mm.Described device further includes data processing equipment, the data processing equipment packet
The electronic equipment that computer etc. has data computer processing capacity is included, by the way that the data line of pressure sensor is connected to data
In processing unit, such as computer, software is debugged, to acquire stress condition instantaneous when anchor pole is impacted, and to described
Stress data carries out processing and calculates analysis.CCD camera can also be set near experimental provision, shoot the shape after anchor pole is hit
State, using as analysis foundation.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, as an alternative embodiment, the impact part is to drop hammer, described to drop hammer by muti-piece steel
Plate overlapping composition, and it is into a single integrated structure to use threaded rod to be fixedly connected with nut.
Specifically, the steel plate number specifically used of dropping hammer can according to need setting, it is preferable that described to drop hammer by five
Block steel plate composition, every piece of steel plate weight are 200kg, and the threaded rod can be replaced using thread lead screw, it is preferred to use four spiral shells
Line lead screw cooperates Interal fixation is into a single integrated structure with nut.
In the present embodiment, it is to be understood that tied by the way that impact part to be made into the one for being overlapped and being formed by plurality of steel plates
Structure can according to need and increase or decrease steel plate number, to facilitate mechanical property of the simulation anchor pole under the effect of different impact energys
Energy.And during the experiment, impact force is applied by increase and decrease steel plate number realization classification with can be convenient, it is different next with simulation
The force-bearing situation of pressure condition lower bolt.
It, during the experiment can be vertical along given route in order to make to drop hammer in the present embodiment referring to shown in Fig. 1 to Fig. 3
Up and down, guarantee the accuracy of experimental data；As an alternative embodiment, the bracket 1 further includes bottom plate 9, it is described drop hammer on set
There is longitudinal hole, guide rail is equipped in the longitudinal hole, the top plate is fixed in described guide rail one end, and the other end is fixed on described
On bottom plate, the openable and closable structure being surrounded by with the longitudinal hole vertically of dropping hammer, the openable and closable structure
For facilitating addition or removal to drop hammer.
Alternatively, increasing or removing for convenience the steel plate number that composition drops hammer as another alternative embodiment, simplify device
Structure；Referring to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the bracket further includes bottom plate, and the both sides of the edge of dropping hammer are equipped with longitudinal chute, described
Guide rail is equipped in sliding slot, the top plate is fixed in described guide rail one end, and the other end is fixed on the bottom plate.
It is understood that in the present embodiment, by the way that guide rail is arranged, sliding slot being arranged on weight, guide rail is set to described
In sliding slot, it can guarantee weight along the vertical oscilaltion of definitive orbit, to guarantee test result accuracy；Further, due to
Sliding slot is set to weight edge, can be convenient the steel plate for taking out composition weight from guide rail, compared to being surrounded by dropping hammer
It is simpler with the scheme for realizing the effect with the openable and closable structure of the longitudinal hole vertically.
In the present embodiment, it is preferable that scale is additionally provided on the guide rail, accurately to control the height and position to drop hammer.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1, in this implementation, as an alternative embodiment, the hoisting mechanism 2 includes promoting motor 10, steel
Cord 11 and magnechuck 12, for the wirerope one ends wound on the output shaft for promoting motor, the wirerope is another
One end is connected with the magnechuck, the magnechuck be powered after with it is described drop hammer close to when, magnetic field is generated after energization, is adsorbed
Residence, which is stated, drops hammer.Specifically, the lifting scheme is able to ascend at least 1000kg weight object, to meet requirement of experiment；It is described
It drops hammer and is made of Q235 forged steel material.
It is understood that this implementation by provide it is a kind of promote the concrete scheme that drops hammer, principle is attracted using electromagnetism,
It when energization, generates magnetic field and adsorbs weight, when power-off, magnetic field disappears to unclamp weight, and simulation roadway surrounding rock can be facilitated to press
The environment of impact is generated to anchor pole.
Referring to shown in fig. 4 to fig. 6, as one, optionally embodiment, the hold assembly 4 include lock ring 13 and are set to described
Intermediate plate 14 in lock ring, the lock ring are tube structure, and the tube structure axial direction is equipped with central through hole 15, and the center is logical
Hole is the first up big and down small inverted round stage structure, and the intermediate plate 14 forms the second inverted round stage by several torus 16 with gradient
Structure, it is preferable that the intermediate plate is made of three torus with gradient, and 4 inner sidewall of intermediate plate is equipped with internal screw thread 17, institute
Anchor pole is stated equipped with external screw thread 18, the anchor pole is set in the central through hole of the lock ring, and it is logical that the intermediate plate is inserted into the center
In space between hole and the anchor pole, the intermediate plate is cooperated by the external screw thread of the internal screw thread and the anchor pole by the anchor
Rod locking.
Referring to shown in Fig. 5, the present embodiment provides a kind of specific anchor pole clipping variation, by the way that anchor pole is penetrated lock ring
It is interior, intermediate plate is sequentially placed into the space between lock ring and anchor pole, anchor pole is pulled downward on, intermediate plate can be driven to glide to facilitate lock
Tight anchor pole, the locking scheme are simple.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 8, as an alternative embodiment, the bottom plate 9 includes being arranged concentrically the first steel plate 19 and the
Two steel plates 20, first steel plate are cyclic structure, and the cyclic structure can be annulus, three square rings or straight-flanked ring；Described
Two steel plates are set among first steel plate and mutually separate with first steel plate；It is understood that by by described the
One steel plate and the second steel plate are separately positioned, bottom plate can be prevented integrally breakdown when anchor pole is by greater impact power, to influence
The progress of test experiments.The column includes four, and four columns are spaced corresponding the first steel plate for being fixed on the bottom plate two-by-two
On 19, it is additionally provided with the first support angle steel 21 in the bottom plate and column junction, for enhancing bracket overall structural strength, preferably
Ground, first support angle steel are triangular structure of right angle.
The upright post vertical histogram corresponding two-by-two is upward, different height position is additionally provided with crossbeam 22, the top plate bottom weldering
It is connected to stiff girder 23, for enhancing bracket overall structural strength, the stability of guarantee test bracket substructure is prevented in experiment
Deformation or damage when maximum impact force acts on.The junction of the top plate and the column is equipped with the second support angle steel 24, described
Second support angle steel is ladder structure of right angle, similarly, for enhancing bracket overall structural strength, guarantee test frame upper knot
The stability of structure.Preferably, the connection of each component part of the bracket is all made of welding.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 7, in the present embodiment, as an alternative embodiment, the pressure sensor upper surface and institute
It states and is equipped with the first billet 25 between hold assembly, the second steel pad is equipped between the pressure sensor lower surface and the top plate
Plate 26, the pressure sensor are equipped with annular array threaded hole 27, and second billet is equipped with and the annular array
The corresponding first through hole 28 in screw thread hole site, it is logical that the top plate is equipped with corresponding with annular array screw thread hole site second
Hole 29 sequentially passes through the threaded hole, first through hole and the second through-hole by screw rod, with nut and the fixed company of screw rod cooperation
It is connected on the top plate.
Referring to shown in Fig. 1, it is preferable that described be spaced between the column being correspondingly arranged two-by-two is additionally provided with wire netting 30, protects
The safety for confirming personnel during testing is equipped with the entrance that can open and close in the wire netting side, in order to make experimenter or
Maintenance personal is able to enter.
A kind of anchor pole shock resistance experimental apparatus for testing of the embodiment of the present invention, can simulate anchor pole in roadway surrounding rock
Application environment, it is quantitative to soft by controlling the height dropped hammer by simulating the case where anchor pole is by bump in coal mine roadway
Property can release anchor pole apply impact energy.After carrying out impact test to anchor pole, can intuitively observe flexibility can release anchor pole
The destruction situation being subject to.Can suitable for anchor pole, particularly it is flexible can the performance of release anchor pole shock resistance pressure country rock survey
Try experimental study.
Available motor promotion of dropping hammer in the embodiment of the present invention, may be implemented to different length, the flexibility of different-diameter
Can release anchor pole impacted, can the anchor pole shock resistance to different size be compared, to find a kind of energy-absorbing shape
The relatively good flexibility of condition can release suspension roof support structure offer theoretical research foundation.
Pressure sensor in the embodiment of the present invention can accurately record out anchor pole and be become at any time by power in impact process
The curve of change, can be used to analyze it is flexible can stress deformation feature of the release anchor pole in impact process.It is easy to operate, controllability
By force.
Embodiment two
A kind of anchor pole shock resistance test experiments method of the embodiment of the present invention, applied to any dress of embodiment one
It sets, comprising steps of
The clamping of anchor pole hold assembly is suspended in the frame structure space that the experiment frame surrounds, is existed with simulating anchor pole
Anchoring status in roadway surrounding rock；
Height locating for the impact part is adjusted using the hoisting mechanism dynamic, to simulate in roadway surrounding rock
Pressure；
The anchor pole is impacted using the impact part of different height, to simulate in roadway surrounding rock anchor pole by arrival pressure ring
Border；
It is monitored using the surge that pressure sensor is subject to the anchor pole, and the pressure data monitored is defeated
Out to analyze the anchor pole to shock proof mechanical property.
A kind of anchor pole shock resistance test experiments method of the embodiment of the present invention, by pressing from both sides anchor pole hold assembly one end
Tightly, for simulating anchor pole anchoring status in roadway surrounding rock, impact part is promoted to different height using hoisting mechanism, works as punching
When hitting component free-falling, generate different impact forces, come pressure ring border to simulate roadway surrounding rock, and on anchor pole, be located at clamping
Pressure sensor is set between component and the top plate of bracket to monitor the Mechanical Data for obtaining anchor pole when being impacted, Neng Goumo
Quasi- anchor pole in roadway surrounding rock by the environment of bump, with realize to it is flexible can release anchor pole mechanical property test,
Be applicable to anchor pole, especially it is flexible can release anchor pole shock resistance experimental study.
It is described that the clamping of anchor pole hold assembly is suspended on the experiment frame as an alternative embodiment in the present embodiment
Include: in the frame structure space surrounded
The column interval correspondence of four 3m to 3.5m high is welded on the bottom plate of experiment frame；The bottom plate includes concentric
First steel plate and the second steel plate are set, and first steel plate is rectangular configuration, and second steel plate is set to first steel plate
It is intermediate and mutually separated with first steel plate；
In the column top welding top plate；The top plate is equipped with first annular array through-hole, the top plate lower surface
It is welded with stiff girder；
In the junction and column of the column and bottom plate and the junction of top plate, support angle steel is set；
Customizing round circular pressure sensor, setting passes through corresponding position with the first annular array on pressure sensor
Annular array threaded hole；
One piece of billet is set between pressure sensor and top plate, to increase the uniformity of stress；On the billet
Equipped with the second annular array through-hole corresponding with first annular array through-hole position；
Sequentially pass through the threaded hole, first annular array through-hole and the second annular array through-hole with screw rod, with nut with
The screw rod cooperation is fixedly connected on the top plate；
Lock ring is placed on pressure sensor, lock ring and the pressure sensor are coaxially disposed；
One layer of billet is set between pressure sensor and lock ring, to increase uniform force；
Anchor pole is inserted into the lock ring, anchor rod anchored end preprocessing thread segment is made to be located at the lock ring position；The lock
Ring is tube structure, and the tube structure axial direction is equipped with central through hole, and the central through hole is the first up big and down small rounding
Platform structure；
Intermediate plate is inserted into the space between the central through hole and the anchor pole, the intermediate plate by the internal screw thread with
The external screw thread of the anchor pole cooperates；
The anchor pole is pulled downward on, drives the intermediate plate to move down and is caught in lock ring, so that the anchor pole be locked；
The impact part is to drop hammer, and the hoisting mechanism includes promoting motor, wirerope and magnechuck, the steel
For cord one ends wound on the output shaft for promoting motor, the wirerope other end is connected with the magnechuck；
Height locating for the impact part is adjusted using the hoisting mechanism dynamic, to simulate in roadway surrounding rock
Pressure；The anchor pole is impacted using the impact part of different height, is wrapped with simulating the pressure ring border of coming that anchor pole in roadway surrounding rock is subject to
It includes:
Vertical guide is set on path above and below weight, the guide rail both ends are fixed on experiment frame top plate and bottom plate,
Sliding slot is set at weight edge, the guide rail is set in the sliding slot；
Corresponding upright post vertical histogram two-by-two upwards, different height position be arranged crossbeam, different height position setting cross
Beam is for reinforcing experiment frame and parking weight；
It presses magnechuck and opens button, utilize magnechuck described in the promotion motor oscilaltion；
When dropping hammer described in the magnechuck contact, the magnechuck, which is powered, generates magnetic field, adsorbs described drop hammer；
Described drop hammer is promoted on different height position along the guide rail using motor is promoted；
Magnechuck close button is pressed, magnechuck release drops hammer, drops hammer along the guide rail drop impact anchor pole；
The method also includes: it using CCD camera to the anchor pole of variety classes or different size, repeats the above steps, supervises
Survey the mechanical property under different impact forces.
A kind of anchor pole shock resistance experimental apparatus for testing of the embodiment of the present invention, can simulate anchor pole in roadway surrounding rock
Application environment, by simulating the case where anchor pole is by bump in coal mine roadway, by controlling the height dropped hammer, with quantitative pair
Flexibility can release anchor pole apply impact energy, impact force can accurately measure by pressure sensor.Impact test is carried out to anchor pole
Afterwards, can intuitively observe it is flexible can the destruction situation that is subject to of release anchor pole.Can be suitable for can to anchor pole, particularly flexibility
Release anchor pole resists the characteristic test experimental study of bump in country rock.
Available motor promotion of dropping hammer in the embodiment of the present invention, may be implemented to different length, the flexibility of different-diameter
Can release anchor pole impacted, can to the anchor pole of different size resist impact characteristics be compared, be flexibility can release anchor pole
Structure design provide theoretical foundation.
Pressure sensor in the embodiment of the present invention can accurately record out anchor pole and be become at any time by power in impact process
The curve of change, can be used to analyze it is flexible can stress characteristic of the release anchor pole in impact process.Easy to operate, controllability is strong.This
The anchor poles of inventive embodiments resist impact characteristics test experiments result to it is flexible can release suspension roof support structure research and improvement
With important reference.
It should be noted that, in this document, for each embodiment of the method above-mentioned, for simple description, therefore all by it
It is expressed as a series of action combinations, but those skilled in the art should understand that, the application is not suitable by described movement
The limitation of sequence, because certain some step can be performed in other orders or simultaneously according to the application.Secondly, this field skill
Art personnel also should be aware of, and the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and related movement and unit are simultaneously
It is not necessarily necessary to the application.Such as, first and second or the like relational terms be used merely to an entity or
Operation is distinguished with another entity or operation, and without necessarily requiring or implying between these entities or operation, there are any
This actual relationship or sequence.Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant be intended to it is non-exclusive
Property include so that include a series of elements process, method, article or equipment not only include those elements, but also
Further include other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, article or equipment it is intrinsic
Element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence " including one ... ", it is not excluded that including institute
State in the process, method, article or equipment of element that there is also other identical elements.
Each embodiment in this specification is all made of relevant mode and describes, same and similar portion between each embodiment
Dividing may refer to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments.
For Installation practice, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, so the comparison of description is simple
Single, the relevent part can refer to the partial explaination of embodiments of method.For convenience of description, description apparatus above is with function point
It is described respectively for various units/modules.Certainly, in carrying out the present invention can each unit/module function same or
It is realized in multiple software and/or hardwares.
The above description is merely a specific embodiment, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, any
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those familiar with the art, all answers
It is included within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope in claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of anchor pole shock resistance experimental apparatus for testing characterized by comprising bracket, hoisting mechanism, impact part,
Hold assembly and pressure sensor；
The bracket is frame structure, and the bracket includes column and top plate, and the top plate is set to the column top, described to mention
It rises mechanism to be set in the space that the frame structure surrounds and be fixed on the top plate, described hoisting mechanism one end is connected with
The impact part, the impact part is cooperateed with the hoisting mechanism comes pressure ring border for simulating roadway surrounding rock；
The hold assembly is additionally provided on the top plate, the hold assembly is used for fixing anchor bar, encloses to simulate anchor pole in tunnel
Anchoring status in rock on the anchor pole, is equipped with the pressure sensor between the hold assembly and the top plate,
The impact force being subject to for monitoring anchor pole.
2. experimental provision according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the impact part is to drop hammer, described to drop hammer by more
Block sheet pack is combined into, and it is into a single integrated structure to use threaded rod to be fixedly connected with nut.
3. experimental provision according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the bracket further includes bottom plate, it is described drop hammer on set
There is longitudinal hole, guide rail is equipped in the longitudinal hole, the top plate is fixed in described guide rail one end, and the other end is fixed on described
On bottom plate, the openable and closable structure being surrounded by with the longitudinal hole vertically of dropping hammer, the openable and closable structure
For facilitating addition or removal to drop hammer；
The bracket further includes bottom plate, and the both sides of the edge of dropping hammer are equipped with guide rail equipped with longitudinal chute in the sliding slot, described
The top plate is fixed in guide rail one end, and the other end is fixed on the bottom plate.
4. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hoisting mechanism include promoted motor, wirerope and
Magnechuck, the wirerope one ends wound is on the output shaft for promoting motor, and the wirerope other end connection is
State magnechuck, the magnechuck generated after being powered magnetic field and it is described adsorb when dropping hammer and contacting described in drop hammer.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the hold assembly includes lock ring and is set in the lock ring
Intermediate plate, the lock ring is tube structure, and the tube structure axial direction is equipped with central through hole, the central through hole be it is upper it is big under
The first small inverted round stage structure, the intermediate plate form the second inverted round stage structure, the intermediate plate by several torus with gradient
Inner sidewall is equipped with internal screw thread, and the anchor pole is equipped with external screw thread, and the anchor pole is set in the central through hole of the lock ring, the folder
Piece is inserted into the space between the central through hole and the anchor pole, and the intermediate plate passes through the outer of the internal screw thread and the anchor pole
It is threadedly engaged and locks the anchor pole.
6. device according to claim 3, which is characterized in that the bottom plate includes being arranged concentrically the first steel plate and the second steel
Plate, first steel plate be cyclic structure, second steel plate be set among first steel plate and with first steel plate
Mutually separate；The column includes four, and four columns are spaced correspondence two-by-two and are fixed on the first steel plate of the bottom plate, described
Bottom plate and column junction are additionally provided with the first support angle steel, and first support angle steel is triangular structure of right angle；
The upright post vertical histogram corresponding two-by-two is upward, different height is additionally provided with crossbeam, and the top plate bottom is welded with stiff girder,
The junction of the top plate and the column is equipped with the second support angle steel, and second support angle steel is ladder structure of right angle.
7. the apparatus according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the pressure sensor upper surface and the hold assembly it
Between be equipped with the first billet, the second billet is equipped between the pressure sensor lower surface and the top plate, the pressure passes
Sensor is equipped with annular array threaded hole, and second billet is equipped with corresponding with annular array screw thread hole site the
One through-hole, the top plate are equipped with the second through-hole corresponding with annular array screw thread hole site, are sequentially passed through by screw rod
The threaded hole, first through hole and the second through-hole are fixedly connected on the top plate with nut and screw rod cooperation.
8. device according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described be spaced between the column being correspondingly arranged two-by-two is additionally provided with
Wire netting is equipped with the entrance that can be opened and closed in the wire netting side.
It is special applied on any device of claim 1 to 8 9. a kind of anchor pole shock resistance test experiments method
Sign is, comprising steps of
The clamping of anchor pole hold assembly is suspended in the frame structure space that the experiment frame surrounds, to simulate anchor pole in tunnel
Anchoring status in country rock；
Using the hoisting mechanism dynamic height locating for the impact part is adjusted, to simulate pressing in roadway surrounding rock；
The anchor pole is impacted using the impact part of different height, comes pressure ring border with simulate that anchor pole in tunnel is subject to；
Be monitored using the surge that pressure sensor is subject to the anchor pole, and by the pressure data monitored export with
Analyze the mechanical property that the anchor pole is hit.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, being suspended on it is characterized in that, the anchor pole is clamped with the hold assembly
Include: in the frame structure space that the experiment frame surrounds
Four 3m~3.5m high column interval correspondences are welded on the bottom plate of experiment frame；The bottom plate includes being arranged concentrically the
One steel plate and the second steel plate, first steel plate be rectangular configuration, second steel plate be set among first steel plate and
It is mutually separated with first steel plate；
In the column top welding top plate；The top plate is equipped with first annular array through-hole, the top plate lower surface welding
There is stiff girder；
In the junction and column of the column and bottom plate and the junction of top plate, support angle steel is set；
The ring for passing through corresponding position with the first annular array is arranged in customizing round circular pressure sensor on pressure sensor
Shape array threaded hole；
One piece of billet is set between pressure sensor and top plate, to increase the uniformity of stress；The billet is equipped with
The second annular array through-hole corresponding with first annular array through-hole position；
Sequentially pass through the threaded hole, first annular array through-hole and the second annular array through-hole with screw rod, with nut with it is described
Screw rod cooperation is fixedly connected on the top plate；
Lock ring is placed on pressure sensor, lock ring and the pressure sensor are coaxially disposed；
One layer of billet is set between pressure sensor and lock ring, to increase uniform force；
Anchor pole is inserted into the lock ring, anchor rod anchored end processing thread segment is made to be located at the lock ring position；The lock ring is cylinder
Body structure, the tube structure axial direction are equipped with central through hole, and the central through hole is the first up big and down small inverted round stage structure；
Intermediate plate is inserted into the space between the central through hole and the anchor pole, the intermediate plate by the internal screw thread with it is described
The external screw thread of anchor pole cooperates；
The anchor pole is pulled downward on, drives the intermediate plate to move down and is caught in lock ring, so that the anchor pole be locked；
The impact part is to drop hammer, and the hoisting mechanism includes promoting motor, wirerope and magnechuck, the wirerope
For one ends wound on the output shaft for promoting motor, the wirerope other end is connected with the magnechuck；
Using the hoisting mechanism dynamic height locating for the impact part is adjusted, to simulate pressing in roadway surrounding rock；Benefit
The anchor pole is impacted with the impact part of different height, includes: to simulate the pressure ring border of coming that anchor pole in roadway surrounding rock is subject to
Vertical guide is set on path above and below weight, the guide rail both ends are fixed on experiment frame top plate and bottom plate, in weight
It hammers edge into shape and sliding slot is set, the guide rail is set in the sliding slot；
Corresponding upright post vertical histogram two-by-two upwards, different height position be arranged crossbeam, different height position setting crossbeam use
In reinforcement experiment frame and park weight；
It presses magnechuck and opens button, utilize magnechuck described in the promotion motor oscilaltion；
When dropping hammer described in the magnechuck contact, the magnechuck, which is powered, generates magnetic field, adsorbs described drop hammer；
Described drop hammer is promoted on different height position along the guide rail using motor is promoted；
Magnechuck close button is pressed, magnechuck release drops hammer, drops hammer along the guide rail drop impact anchor pole；
The method also includes: it using CCD camera to the anchor pole of variety classes and/or different size, repeats the above steps, monitors
Anchor pole is by the mechanical property under different impact energys.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810774845 | 2018-07-13 | ||
| CN2018107748454 | 2018-07-13 |
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| CN109668798A true CN109668798A (en) | 2019-04-23 |
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| CN201811500137.8A Pending CN109668798A (en) | 2018-07-13 | 2018-12-07 | A kind of anchor pole shock resistance experimental apparatus for testing and method |
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| CN110095356B (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2022-06-03 | 西安理工大学 | Dynamic counter-force measuring device under impact load effect |
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| CN112798212B (en) * | 2021-02-03 | 2022-06-17 | 中煤科工开采研究院有限公司 | Anchor rod axial impact test bed and test method |
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| CN113358498A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-07 | 青岛大学 | Online real-time monitoring device and monitoring method for shock resistance of rope |
| CN113916692A (en) * | 2021-09-28 | 2022-01-11 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Multi-anchor rod and/or anchor cable cooperative shock resistance testing device and method |
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