CN111718589A

CN111718589A - Asphalt modification method using fish scales as modifier and modified asphalt

Info

Publication number: CN111718589A
Application number: CN202010687850.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吕松涛; 夏诚东; 胡隆
Original assignee: Changsha University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Changsha University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2020-07-16
Filing date: 2020-07-16
Publication date: 2020-09-29
Anticipated expiration: 2040-07-16
Also published as: CN111718589B

Abstract

The invention discloses an asphalt modification method and modified asphalt using fish scales as a modifier, wherein the asphalt modification method comprises the steps of cleaning and drying the collected fish scales; grinding the dried fish scales to obtain fish scale powder; heating and melting the matrix asphalt, then adding the fish scale powder, stirring and shearing under a high-speed shearing instrument after manually stirring to obtain the fish scale modified asphalt. In the invention, the base asphalt is modified by taking the fish scale powder as the modifier for the first time in the industry, and tests show that the high-temperature performance of the base asphalt can be improved by adding the fish scales, so that the waste is changed into valuable.

Description

Asphalt modification method using fish scales as modifier and modified asphalt

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of asphalt modification, and particularly relates to an asphalt modification method using fish scales as a modifier and modified asphalt.

Background

As a large fishery aquatic product country in China, the yield of the aquatic product in China is increased continuously from 5744.22 ten thousand tons to 6445.33 ten thousand tons in 2013 and 2017. The processing rate of aquatic products is over 45 percent, but in the aquatic product processing industry, most of processing byproducts with large quantity are not well utilized, wherein the fish scales account for 4 to 5 percent approximately. Fish scales are one of the most common byproducts in the fish processing process, and are mostly treated as wastes, so that resources are wasted, and the environment is polluted to a certain degree.

In order to change waste into valuable, researchers have studied a lot on the recovery treatment of fish scales, and Liu and the like extract hydroxyapatite from the fish scales to treat wastewater; on the basis, Liaw et al add chitosan into hydroxyapatite to prepare the composite material, and the composite material can treat heavy metal ions in wastewater more quickly and effectively. In addition, Onwardi et al selected two kinds of biopolymer materials, namely fish scales and bean pods, and studied the adsorption condition of the biopolymer materials on lead ions in wastewater. The method is characterized in that hydroxyapatite and collagen in bighead scales are extracted from poplar flight by choline chloride/glycerin eutectic ionic liquid, and extracted collagen and HA are used as raw materials to prepare a collagen film and a collagen/HA composite film, wherein the composite film can meet the food film specification requirement. The collagen in fish scales is used as a raw material to prepare the composite preservative film by the Mongolian dream round and the like, and theoretical basis and technical support are provided for preparing the edible preservative film material for high-quality aquatic products. Wang et al mixed polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) with fish scales to improve the biocompatibility of the bandage material. Perkasa et al mix PVA and fish scales to form a composite membrane, which improves the physicochemical properties and biocompatibility of the composite membrane. Wu et al graft poly through maleic anhydride, and then mix with fish scale material to make composite material, has improved the cell compatibility of this biomedical material, and this composite material can make 3D and print the silk.

In conclusion, researchers can recover and treat the fish scales, most of the fish scales are used in the industries of textile, washing, medical materials and the like, and the fish scales are fresh and researched as the asphalt modifier.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application is directed to solving at least one of the problems in the prior art. Therefore, the invention aims to provide an asphalt modification method and modified asphalt by using fish scales as a modifier so as to improve the high-temperature performance of matrix asphalt.

In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:

an asphalt modification method using fish scales as a modifier comprises the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: cleaning and drying the collected fish scales;

step two: grinding the dried fish scales to obtain fish scale powder;

step three: heating and melting the matrix asphalt, adding proper fish scale powder, manually stirring, and then stirring and shearing under a high-speed shearing instrument to obtain the fish scale powder modified asphalt.

The inventor researches and discovers that the addition amount of the fish scale powder is properly controlled to be 4-16 wt% of the mass of the base asphalt, agglomeration phenomenon is caused when the addition amount is higher than 16 wt%, and the modification effect is not obvious when the addition amount is lower than 4 wt%.

Specifically, the grain size of the fish scale powder is less than or equal to 0.15 mm.

Specifically, the inventor further researches to find that when the adding amount of the fish scale powder is 11-13 wt%, the high-temperature performance of the obtained modified asphalt is optimal.

Specifically, the manual stirring time is 10-20 min.

Specifically, the rotating speed of the high-speed shearing instrument is 4500-5500rad/min, and the shearing time is 0.5-1.5 h.

Specifically, the drying temperature of the fish scales is less than or equal to 100 ℃, and the drying time is 12-24 h.

Modified asphalt is obtained by modifying by the asphalt modification method.

The principle and the advantages are as follows:

the inventor tries to modify the matrix asphalt by using the waste fish scales as an asphalt modifier for the first time, and successfully prepares the modified asphalt with excellent high-temperature performance. The inventor researches and discovers that the fish scales can improve the high-temperature stability of the matrix asphalt, mainly the fish scales contain a large amount of mineral substances and organic matters (mainly comprising hydroxyapatite, calcium carbonate and collagen), the mineral filler can obviously increase the viscosity of the asphalt, so that the high-temperature performance of the asphalt is improved, and the carbon property of the organic matters can also improve the high-temperature performance of the asphalt. In addition, the mineral components in the fish scales have the functions of filling and adsorbing light components for the asphalt, and the collagen component can improve the adhesive property of the asphalt binder, so that a theoretical basis is provided for the fish scales serving as the asphalt modifier.

In conclusion, the fish scales are used as the asphalt modifier, so that the purposes of protecting the environment and realizing the reutilization of biomass resources can be achieved, and the modification cost is lower compared with that of the conventional polymer modifier.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a viscosity chart of modified asphalt obtained by modifying fish scale powder with different mixing amounts in the embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a rutting factor graph of modified asphalt modified by different amounts of fish scale powder in the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the recovery rate and unrecoverable creep flexibility of modified asphalt obtained by modifying fish scale powder with different amounts at a stress level of 0.1KPa in the example of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the recovery rate and unrecoverable creep flexibility of modified asphalt obtained by modifying fish scale powder with different blending amounts at a stress level of 3.2KPa in the example of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Examples

(1) collecting fish scale waste materials from the seafood market, washing the fish scale waste materials with tap water to obtain clean fish scales, drying the fish scales in an oven at 100 ℃ for 12-24h, grinding the dried fish scales, and sieving to obtain fish scale powder (named as FS). In the embodiment, grass carp scales are used as raw materials, and of course, other types of scales can be used, and the grinding of the scales is performed in a grinder.

The particle size of the fish scale powder is mainly determined by referring to the manufacturing method of other modified asphalt, for example, the particle size of rock asphalt is required to be less than 0.15mm in the rock asphalt modified asphalt, so in this embodiment, the particle size of the fish scale powder is also controlled to be less than or equal to 0.15 mm.

(2) Heating and melting No. 70 matrix asphalt in a 135 ℃ oven, adding different blending amounts of fish scale powder, manually stirring for 15min, and then shearing for 1h at a rotating speed of 5000rad/min under a high-speed shearing instrument to obtain modified asphalt (respectively named as FS4, FS8, FS12 and FS16) of the fish scale powder with different blending amounts; wherein the addition amounts of the fish scale powder in FS4, FS8, FS12 and FS16 are respectively 4 wt%, 8 wt%, 12 wt% and 16 wt% of the mass of the base asphalt.

According to the road engineering asphalt and asphalt mixture test regulation, asphalt rotational viscosity test, Dynamic Shear Rheology (DSR) test and Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) test are carried out, and corresponding test data are obtained, as shown in figures 1-4.

It is clearly observed in fig. 1 that the viscosity of all bitumen samples at different temperatures decreases with increasing temperature due to the temperature dependence of the bitumen, the higher the temperature the better the flowability. In addition, the viscosity of the base asphalt is obviously improved by the fish scale powder, which shows that the fish scale powder can reduce the fluidity of the base asphalt. For example, the viscosities of FS4, FS8, FS12 and FS16 at 135 ℃ are increased by 16.5%, 35.0%, 89.8% and 69.9% respectively over the base pitch due to the enhanced viscosity of the fish scale powder particles due to their volume filling and physicochemical properties. According to the Superpave specification, the rotational viscosity of the asphalt at 135 ℃ should not be more than 3pa · s to ensure better workability. As shown in figure 1, the viscosity of the fish scale modified asphalt with different mixing amounts meets the requirement, which shows that the fish scale modified asphalt with different mixing amounts still has better workability in the construction process.

FIG. 2 shows rutting factors of the matrix asphalt and the fish scale modified asphalt, and the prior research shows that the rutting factors of the asphalt in the temperature range of 58-76 ℃ are beneficial to visually evaluating the high-temperature performance of the asphalt pavement. Generally speaking, higher rut factor asphalts have better resistance to permanent deformation. It is clear from fig. 2 that the rutting factors of all asphalt samples gradually decrease with increasing temperature, which is caused by the decrease of the elastic property of asphalt at high temperature, that is, the rutting of the asphalt pavement is easy to occur under the traffic load in hot summer. Meanwhile, the rut factor of the fish scale modified asphalt is obviously higher than that of the matrix asphalt, which shows that the fish scale powder can improve the high-temperature performance of the matrix asphalt, mainly because of the hardening effect caused by the introduction of the fish scale powder. Furthermore, as the content of fish scale powder increases, the rutting factor of the matrix asphalt increases. However, when the content of the fish scale powder reaches 16%, the rutting resistance of the asphalt is reduced. This phenomenon is due to the fact that the fish scale powder content is too high and absorbs more light components, which leads to agglomeration of the fish scale powder.

As can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, the fish scale powder can significantly improve the recovery rate of the matrix asphalt. As shown in fig. 3, at a stress level of 0.1kpa, the recovery rates of FS4, FS8, FS12, and FS16 were increased by 4.8%, 30.9%, 62.7%, and 37.5%, respectively, over the original asphalt; the unrecoverable creep compliance was 22.2%, 59.6%, 92.7% and 80.8% lower than the base asphalt, respectively. As shown in fig. 4, at a stress level of 3.2kpa, the recovery values of FS4, FS8, FS12, and FS16 were increased by 0.9%, 2.6%, 14.1%, and 8.3%, respectively, over the base asphalt; the unrecoverable creep compliance was 17.6%, 46.4%, 74.3% and 68.1% lower than the base asphalt, respectively. From the test results of MSCR, it can also be seen that the fish scale powder effectively enhances the high temperature properties of the base asphalt.

The above examples are merely illustrative for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Nor is it intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A method for modifying asphalt by using fish scales as a modifier is characterized by comprising the following steps:

step two: grinding the dried fish scales to obtain fish scale powder;

step three: heating and melting the matrix asphalt, then adding 4-16 wt% of fish scale powder, stirring and shearing under a high-speed shearing instrument after manually stirring to obtain the fish scale powder modified asphalt.

2. The asphalt modification process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the grain diameter of the fish scale powder is less than or equal to 0.15 mm.

3. The asphalt modification process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fish scale powder is added in an amount of 11-13 wt%.

4. The asphalt modification process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the manual stirring time is 10-20 min.

5. The asphalt modification process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating speed of the high-speed shearing instrument is 4500-.

6. The asphalt modification process according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drying temperature of the fish scales is less than or equal to 100 ℃, and the drying time is 12-24 h.

7. A modified asphalt is characterized in that: modified by the asphalt modification method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.