CN111711325B - Tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with tooth top temperature measuring structure - Google Patents

Tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with tooth top temperature measuring structure Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111711325B
CN111711325B CN202010597753.0A CN202010597753A CN111711325B CN 111711325 B CN111711325 B CN 111711325B CN 202010597753 A CN202010597753 A CN 202010597753A CN 111711325 B CN111711325 B CN 111711325B
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Prior art keywords
stator
permanent magnet
rotor
tooth top
tooth
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CN202010597753.0A
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CN111711325A (en
Inventor
朱一枫
李桂芬
张艳竹
王晓航
张春莉
胡刚
葛旭
胡金明
谢雨
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Hadong National Hydroelectric Power Equipment Engineering Technology Research Central Co ltd
Harbin Electric Machinery Co Ltd
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Hadong National Hydroelectric Power Equipment Engineering Technology Research Central Co ltd
Harbin Electric Machinery Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K11/00Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection
    • H02K11/20Structural association of dynamo-electric machines with electric components or with devices for shielding, monitoring or protection for measuring, monitoring, testing, protecting or switching
    • H02K11/25Devices for sensing temperature, or actuated thereby
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03BMACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/12Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy
    • F03B13/26Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates characterised by using wave or tide energy using tide energy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/12Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/14Stator cores with salient poles
    • H02K1/146Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/27Rotor cores with permanent magnets
    • H02K1/2706Inner rotors
    • H02K1/272Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis
    • H02K1/274Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets
    • H02K1/2753Inner rotors the magnetisation axis of the magnets being perpendicular to the rotor axis the rotor consisting of two or more circumferentially positioned magnets the rotor consisting of magnets or groups of magnets arranged with alternating polarity
    • H02K1/276Magnets embedded in the magnetic core, e.g. interior permanent magnets [IPM]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/32Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02KDYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K21/00Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
    • H02K21/12Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
    • H02K21/14Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
    • H02K21/16Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures having annular armature cores with salient poles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/30Energy from the sea, e.g. using wave energy or salinity gradient

Abstract

The invention discloses a tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with a tooth top temperature measuring structure, belongs to the field of generators, and aims to solve the problem that the actual temperature of a stator tooth cannot be reflected by temperature measurement at a stator tooth pressing plate. The invention comprises a stator, a rotor and a rotating shaft, wherein the rotor is fixed on the rotating shaft, the stator is arranged outside the rotor, and a radial gap exists between the stator and the rotor; the stator has 2N stator teeth, sets up two supplementary grooves along the axial at the top of every stator tooth, inserts a copper bar in every supplementary groove, and the actual resistance value of 4N copper bars series connection output when measuring the generator operation obtains stator top average temperature according to this actual resistance value.

Description

Tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with tooth top temperature measuring structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to a temperature measurement technology of a generator, and belongs to the field of generators.
Background
Tidal current energy belongs to ocean renewable energy, is widely distributed and is never exhausted, the current is the focus of attention of all main energy countries in the world, and becomes one branch which is the fastest in ocean energy, a permanent magnet synchronous generator is generally adopted as the tidal current generator, and as cogging torque can be caused by slotting on the surface of a stator iron core, vibration and noise are generated, the magnetic density of a stator tooth top is high, heat generation is serious, the temperature of the stator tooth top is conventionally measured, a thermal resistor is arranged on a stator tooth pressing plate, and because the stator tooth pressing plate is positioned at two axial end faces of a stator iron core, the measuring position of the thermal resistor is also arranged on the two axial end faces of a stator tooth, and the heat generation of the axial end part of the stator iron core is necessarily lower than the temperature in the axial direction, so that the temperature of a stator tooth measured by the measuring mode is lower than the actual temperature, and the measuring result is inaccurate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the actual temperature of a stator tooth cannot be reflected by the temperature measurement at a stator tooth pressing plate, and provides a tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with a tooth top temperature measurement structure.
The invention relates to a tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with a tooth top temperature measuring structure, which comprises a stator 1, a rotor 2 and a rotating shaft 3, wherein the rotor 2 is fixed on the rotating shaft 3, the stator 1 is arranged outside the rotor 2, and a radial gap exists between the stator 1 and the rotor 2; the stator 1 is provided with 2N stator teeth 1-2, two auxiliary grooves 4 are formed in the tooth tops of each stator tooth 1-2 along the axial direction, a copper bar 5 is embedded in each auxiliary groove 4, the actual resistance value of the series output of the 4N copper bars 5 during the operation of the generator is measured, and the average temperature theta of the stator tooth tops is obtained according to the actual resistance value:
Figure BDA0002557921170000011
wherein: r is R The actual resistance value is output by connecting 4N copper bars in series when the generator operates;
R S75 the resistance value of the copper bar at 75 ℃ corresponds to the resistance value.
Preferably, the auxiliary groove 4 is a circular groove with an open tooth top, and the groove diameter is larger than the copper bar 5.
Preferably, the two auxiliary grooves 4 are symmetrically arranged along the axial center line of the tooth tip.
Preferably, 4N copper bars 5 are connected in series and then connected with external measuring equipment through two wire outlet ends 6.
Preferably, the external measuring device is a multimeter.
Preferably, the rotor 2 comprises a rotor core 2-1, permanent magnet poles 2-2 and fan-shaped oblique ventilation grooves 2-3, wherein 2P permanent magnet poles 2-2 are embedded in the rotor core 2-1 along the circumferential direction, 2P fan-shaped oblique ventilation grooves 2-3 are uniformly distributed in the rotor core 2-1 along the circumferential direction, and the fan-shaped oblique ventilation grooves 2-3 are axial through grooves penetrating through the rotor core and are positioned between the permanent magnet poles 2-2 and the rotating shaft 3.
Preferably, the fan-shaped diagonal ventilation groove 2-3 is inclined in the axial direction.
Preferably, the notch of the auxiliary groove 4 is between 0.95 and 1.05 mm.
The invention has the advantages that: the invention designs a tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with a tooth top temperature measuring structure, wherein copper bars are arranged on a tooth top of a stator to monitor the temperature of the whole tooth top of the stator, the copper bars axially penetrate through the whole tooth top of the stator, the measured temperature is the average temperature of the tooth top of the stator, the measuring result is accurate, and a reliable reference basis is provided for the safe operation of the generator.
Meanwhile, two circular auxiliary grooves are formed in the stator tooth tops for mounting copper bars, so that the stator tooth top iron core structure is optimized, cogging torque is further reduced, vibration and noise are reduced, and a voltage waveform is optimized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with a tooth top temperature measuring structure;
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A sectional view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion at B of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a graph of simulated relationship of auxiliary slot notch to cogging torque.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: next, referring to fig. 1 to 4, a tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with a tooth top temperature measuring structure according to the present embodiment is described, and includes a stator 1, a rotor 2 and a rotating shaft 3, wherein the rotor 2 is fixed on the rotating shaft 3, the stator 1 is disposed outside the rotor 2, and a radial gap exists between the stator 1 and the rotor 2;
the stator 1 comprises a stator core 1-1, stator teeth 1-2 and stator windings 1-3, wherein 2N stator teeth 1-2 are uniformly distributed on the inner circle surface of the stator core 1-1 along the circumferential direction, and the stator windings 1-3 are arranged in stator grooves formed between two adjacent stator teeth 1-2;
the rotor 2 comprises a rotor core 2-1 and permanent magnet poles 2-2, wherein 2P permanent magnet poles 2-2 are embedded in the rotor core 2-1 along the circumferential direction, the permanent magnet poles 2-2 are positioned inside the rotor core 2-1 and are close to the outer circle surface, and each permanent magnet pole 2-2 is embedded in an axial permanent magnet installation through groove; the inner circle of the rotor core 2-1 is fixed on the rotating shaft 3, and the rotor core and the rotating shaft are in clearance fit.
The stator 1 is provided with 2N stator teeth 1-2, two auxiliary grooves 4 are formed in the tooth tops of each stator tooth 1-2 along the axial direction, a copper bar 5 is embedded in each auxiliary groove 4, the actual resistance value of the series output of the 4N copper bars 5 during the operation of the generator is measured, and the average temperature theta of the stator tooth tops is obtained according to the actual resistance value:
Figure BDA0002557921170000021
wherein: r is R The actual resistance value is output by connecting 4N copper bars in series when the generator operates;
R S75 the resistance value of the copper bar at 75 ℃ corresponds to the resistance value.
The auxiliary groove 4 is a circular groove with an open tooth top, and the groove diameter is larger than the copper bar 5.
The two auxiliary grooves 4 are symmetrically arranged along the axial center line of the tooth top.
The 4N copper bars 5 are connected in series and then connected with external measuring equipment through two wire outlet ends 6.
The external measuring device is a multimeter.
The measuring process comprises the following steps: the generator operates, and the universal meter reads the actual resistance value R output by the 4N copper bars 5 in series R is R S75 Substituting the average temperature theta of the tooth tops of the stators into the formula (1) to calculate, so that the measured result is the average temperature and is more accurate.
R S75 The acquisition process comprises the following steps: before the generator operates, 4N copper bars 5 are measured by a universal meter at room temperature to output resistance values in series, and are substituted into a formula (1), wherein the value of theta is room temperature, R For the resistance measured by the multimeter, the unique variable R in the formula (1) can be calculated S75
In order to install the copper bar, two circular auxiliary grooves 4 are formed in the tooth tops of the stators, the tooth top iron core structure of the stators is optimized, and tooth space torque is reduced: opening the auxiliary slot is equivalent to increasing the fundamental wave period number of the cogging torque, and the new cogging torque of the auxiliary slot has compensation effect on the cogging torque of the original slot, so that the total cogging torque amplitude is reduced, and the purpose of reducing the cogging torque is achieved. This is that the temperature measurement structure plays the additional role when the temperature measurement. Cogging torque reduction can correspondingly reduce vibration and noise of the generator, and optimize the voltage waveform.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing a simulation relationship between the size of the notch of the auxiliary groove 4 and the cogging torque, and the simulation shows that the value of the notch is an optimal value when the size of the notch is between 0.95mm and 1.05mm, and the cogging torque is small.
The second embodiment is as follows: in the first embodiment, a fan-shaped oblique ventilation groove 2-3 is further provided, 2P fan-shaped oblique ventilation grooves 2-3 are uniformly distributed in the rotor core 2-1 along the circumferential direction, and the oblique ventilation groove 2-3 is an axial through groove penetrating the rotor core and is located between the permanent magnet pole 2-2 and the rotating shaft 3.
The fan-shaped inclined ventilation groove 2-3 is inclined in the axial direction.
The stator can dispel the heat with the help of the water course in the casing, and the rotor dissipates the heat more difficult, can open the axial ventilation groove parallel with the pivot on the rotor body generally, but the radiating effect is not good, opens the slant ventilation groove in rotor core 2-1 axial, has not only practiced thrift the material, has reduced moment of inertia, has improved rotor radiating effect moreover, effectively reduces the rotor temperature.

Claims (7)

1. The tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with the tooth top temperature measuring structure comprises a stator (1), a rotor (2) and a rotating shaft (3), wherein the rotor (2) is fixed on the rotating shaft (3), the stator (1) is arranged outside the rotor (2), and a radial gap exists between the stator (1) and the rotor (2); the stator (1) is provided with 2N stator teeth (1-2), the tooth tops of each stator tooth (1-2) are axially provided with two auxiliary grooves (4), each auxiliary groove (4) is embedded with a copper bar (5), each auxiliary groove (4) is a circular groove with an open tooth top, the groove diameter is larger than the copper bar (5), the actual resistance value of the series output of the 4N copper bars (5) during the operation of the generator is measured, and the average temperature theta of the tooth tops of the stator is obtained according to the actual resistance value:
Figure FDA0003980862370000011
wherein: r is R The actual resistance value is output by connecting 4N copper bars in series when the generator operates;
R S75 the resistance value of the copper bar at 75 ℃ corresponds to the resistance value.
2. Tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with tooth top temperature measuring structure according to claim 1, characterized in that two auxiliary grooves (4) are symmetrically arranged along the tooth top axial center line.
3. The tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with the tooth top temperature measuring structure according to claim 1, wherein 4N copper bars (5) are connected in series and then connected with external measuring equipment through two wire outlet ends (6).
4. A tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with a tooth top temperature measurement structure according to claim 3, wherein the external measurement device is a multimeter.
5. The tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with the tooth top temperature measurement structure according to claim 1, wherein the rotor (2) comprises a rotor core (2-1), permanent magnet poles (2-2) and fan-shaped oblique ventilation grooves (2-3), 2P permanent magnet poles (2-2) are embedded in the rotor core (2-1) along the circumferential direction, 2P fan-shaped oblique ventilation grooves (2-3) are uniformly distributed in the rotor core (2-1) along the circumferential direction, and the fan-shaped oblique ventilation grooves (2-3) are axial ventilation grooves penetrating through the rotor core and are positioned between the permanent magnet poles (2-2) and the rotating shaft (3).
6. The tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with the tooth top temperature measuring structure according to claim 5, wherein the fan-shaped oblique ventilation slots (2-3) are inclined along the axial direction.
7. Tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with tooth top temperature measuring structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the notch of the auxiliary groove (4) is between 0.95-1.05 mm.
CN202010597753.0A 2020-06-28 2020-06-28 Tidal current energy permanent magnet generator with tooth top temperature measuring structure Active CN111711325B (en)

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CN206180731U (en) * 2016-10-08 2017-05-17 哈尔滨电机厂有限责任公司 Embedded field structure of hydraulic generator temperature rise sensing device
CN206585435U (en) * 2017-01-18 2017-10-24 依必安派特穆尔芬根有限两合公司 Winding temperature detection means
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