CN104201848B - A kind of double-stator permanent magnet vernier wind-driven generator - Google Patents
A kind of double-stator permanent magnet vernier wind-driven generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN104201848B CN104201848B CN201410321107.6A CN201410321107A CN104201848B CN 104201848 B CN104201848 B CN 104201848B CN 201410321107 A CN201410321107 A CN 201410321107A CN 104201848 B CN104201848 B CN 104201848B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of double-stator permanent magnet vernier wind-driven generator, belong to field of motor manufacturing, including external stator (4), inner stator (8) and rotor (6)；The external stator offers peariform slot and the first stator tooth；The inner stator (8) is provided with the second stator tooth (9), and the second stator tooth (9) sets Flux modulation pole (10) and Flux modulation pole groove (11)；The rotor (6) is cup-like structure, and Halbach structure permanent magnet (7) is provided with the rotor；The number of teeth of the first stator tooth of the external stator (4) is equal with the number sum of Flux modulation pole tooth (10) on inner stator (8)；And the external stator (4) peariform slot and Flux modulation pole (10) just distribution is set, the first stator tooth of external stator (4) is just set with Flux modulation pole groove (11) to distribution.The present invention can not only produce the sinusoidal air-gap field of height, but also with the characteristic of big output torque.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of new low speed high torque three-phase permanent vernier direct-drive aerogenerator, belong to motor manufacturing
Technical field.
Background technology
In existing renewable and clean energy resource, wind energy has the advantages that green cleaning, safety, technology maturity are high, its exploitation
Utilization prospects are wide.The kinetic energy of nature apoplexy can be transformed into mechanical kinetic energy by wind generator system, then carry out electromechanical energy
Amount conversion, is ultimately converted to the available electric energy of production and living.Wind power system core apparatus are the wind for completing energy converting between mechanical
Power generator, wind-driven generator performance quality largely directly governs wind energy utilization efficiency, is related to wind-power electricity generation
The reliability and operation cost of system.High-power wind-driven generator rotating speed is relatively low, and the rotation speed of fan of MW level capacities only has more than ten
Turn/min.Wind speed can be used for wind-power electricity generation when being more than 4m/s, and existing most wind-driven generators are low compared with low wind speeds generating efficiency
Under, Wind Power Utilization it is relatively low, limit application of the wind-power electricity generation in low speed occasion, design low speed high torque wind-driven generator is always
The focus and difficult point of wind-powered electricity generation research field.
Vernier motor is a kind of new low speed large torque moment permanent-magnet motor, and it is former that its operation principle is based on " magnetic gear effect "
Reason, when the stator armature winding number of phases, rotor permanent magnet number of pole-pairs, Flux modulation number of poles mesh three meet particular kind of relationship, permanent magnetism
The magnetic field that rotor is produced is modulated into the space magnetic field containing different times harmonics by Flux modulation pole, its main times harmonic and magnetic
The number of pole-pairs of logical Wehnelt electrode is identical, and the main ripple interacts with the fundamental wave magnetic field produced by stator armature winding, produces specific
Gearratio, as effective torque, so as to avoid using traditional gear-box, realize low-speed high-torque direct driving formula wind-power electricity generation.
In the last few years, a kind of single stator durface mounted permanent magnet vernier motor (Surface Permanent Magnet
Vernier Machine, hereinafter referred to as SPMVM) due to its remarkable performance, such as simple structure, no-load back electromotive force sine degree
The advantages of higher and low speed high torque, by domestic and foreign scholars extensive concern.However, this durface mounted permanent magnet Vernier motors
Permanent magnet utilization rate it is not high, its air gap flux density intensity less, cause motor to be exerted oneself not enough, torque density also has room for promotion.
Permanent magnetism vernier motor research at present both at home and abroad for double-stator structure is also fewer.
Chinese patent (application number：CN201310069627.8 a kind of bimorph transducer radial direction magnetic of built-in permanent magnet formula) is disclosed
Field vernier motor, gives four kinds of methods of built-in permanent magnetic rotor assembling.Above-mentioned proposed electric machine structure is novel, power factor
It is higher.Groove is provided with its inner stator, projection is stator tooth, and groove accommodates winding between two projections, and this stator structure is caused
Winding utilization is not high.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention to provide a kind of height sinusoidal air gap magnetic
Field and the radial magnetic field double-stator permanent magnetism vernier motor of big output torque characteristic.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is：
A kind of double-stator permanent magnet vernier wind-driven generator, including external stator (4), inner stator (8) and rotor (6)；It is described
External stator (4), inner stator (8) size are different, and the coaxial inside and outside socket arrangement of the external stator (4), inner stator (8), and described
Rotor (6) is arranged between external stator (4) and inner stator (8), and external stator (4), inner stator (8) are concentric with rotor (6) three
Distribution：
The external stator (4) is cylindrical, and peariform slot is circumferentially offered inside it, and is placed in the peariform slot groove
It is the first stator tooth between one threephase armature winding, adjacent slot；
The inner stator (8) is cylinder toothed structure, and the inner stator (8) is outside circumferentially arranged to have more than one the
Two stator tooths (9), the second threephase armature winding is placed between the second adjacent stator tooth, each the second stator tooth (9) edge
More than one Flux modulation pole (10) circumferentially is respectively provided with, Flux modulation pole groove (11) is provided between the Flux modulation pole；
The rotor (6) is cup-like structure, and Halbach structure permanent magnet is provided with rotor (6) surfaces externally and internally
(7) magnetizing direction of relative permanent magnet (7) is identical, and on surfaces externally and internally；
The number of teeth of the first stator tooth of the external stator (4) is total with the number of Flux modulation pole tooth (10) on inner stator (8)
Number is equal；And the external stator (4) peariform slot and Flux modulation pole (10) just to distribution set, external stator (4) first determine
Sub- tooth is just set with Flux modulation pole groove (11) to distribution.
Further：Also include casing (1), rotating shaft (2), the rotating shaft (2) is arranged in casing (1), and rotating shaft (2)
Make moved end to be connected with casing (1) by clutch shaft bearing, and this stretches out casing (1) outward as moved end；The external stator (4) is fixed on machine
On shell (1), inner stator (8) is fixed on casing (1) by electric machine stand arm (12)；Projection has been provided with the rotating shaft (2),
Cup-shaped rotor (6) side is connected by projection with rotating shaft (2), and opposite side is fixed on support arm (12) by bearing (3).
Preferably：The first threephase armature winding, the second threephase armature winding use three-phase fractional-slot concentrating structure
Form.
Preferably：Flux modulation pole (10) is parallel teeth trapezoid groove structure on second stator tooth (9).
Preferably：The Halbach structure permanent magnet (7) is arranged at the surfaces externally and internally of rotor by way of Surface Mount.
Preferably：The Halbach structure permanent magnet (7) is arranged on rotor by built-in mode, and described
Halbach structure permanent magnet is packaged in rotor by magnetic shield.
Preferably：The number of the Flux modulation pole on described each second stator tooth (9) is three.
Preferably：On the external stator (4) 18 peariform slots are evenly distributed with circumference；Second stator tooth (9)
Number is 6.
Motor torque density of the present invention and back-emf height sine principle are as follows：
By using Surface Mount Halbach types permanent magnet (7) body mode inside and outside rotor (6), gas higher being provided to motor
Simultaneously, air gap magnetic density waveform sine degree improves a lot gap density magnetic flux, inside and outside double-stator structure, can increase stator armature around
The potential of group (5), so as to improve motor torque density.
Operation principle：
Due to circumferentially offering peariform slot inside external stator (4), placed in the peariform slot groove the first threephase armature around
It is the first stator tooth between group, adjacent slot；Inner stator (8) it is outside it is circumferentially arranged have more than one second stator tooth (9), it is described
The second threephase armature winding is placed between the second adjacent stator tooth, each second stator tooth (9) be circumferentially respectively provided with one with
On Flux modulation pole (10), Flux modulation pole groove (11) is provided between the Flux modulation pole；The interior appearance of the rotor (6)
Halbach structure permanent magnet (7) is provided with face, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet (7) being oppositely arranged on surfaces externally and internally is identical；
And the number of teeth of the first stator tooth of the external stator (4) is equal with the number sum of Flux modulation pole tooth (10) on inner stator (8)；
And the external stator (4) peariform slot and Flux modulation pole (10) just to distribution set, first stator tooth and magnetic of external stator (4)
Logical Wehnelt electrode groove (11) is just set to distribution；Therefore the number of teeth of the first stator tooth of external stator (4) is equal to permanent magnet (7) number of pole-pairs
With the first threephase armature winding number of pole-pairs sum of external stator (4), it is extremely right that inner stator (8) Flux modulation number of poles is equal to permanent magnet 7
Number and the threephase armature winding number of pole-pairs sum of inner stator (8) second, the number of teeth and inner stator of the first stator tooth of external stator (4)
(8) Flux modulation number of poles is equal on, the threephase armature winding back-emf same frequency of interior external stator first and second；Permanent magnet (7) number of pole-pairs
With external stator magnetic field number of pole-pairs than as motor gearratio；When p-m rotor (6) has a micro-locality to change, can just cause
One larger flux change, so as to produce big torque to export, meets vernier motor harmonic modulation operation principle.
A kind of double-stator permanent magnet vernier wind-driven generator that the present invention is provided, compared to existing technology, with following beneficial effect
Really：
1. gear-box link is eliminated, wind generator system fault rate is reduced, whole wind generator system is improve
Reliability.
2. sine degree counter potential waveform higher is produced, and stator and rotor sructure is simple, it is easy to manufactures, assemble, easy to maintenance.
3. motor stator armature winding can be effectively reduced winding overhang length so that motor using centralized winding
End effect is obviously reduced.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the assembling schematic diagram of motor of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 2 is the structural representation of motor of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 3 is motor stator tooth of the present invention and Flux modulation pole schematic diagram；
Accompanying drawing 4 is the winding distribution schematic diagram of motor of the present invention；
Accompanying drawing 5 is (6) three kinds of multi-forms of rotor of motor of the present invention, and Fig. 5 .1 (a) is Halbach permanent magnet rotor structures,
Surface Mount permanent magnet rotor structure inside and outside Fig. 5 .1 (b), Fig. 5 .1 (c) is the built-in permanent magnetic rotor structure with poly- magnetic effect.
In figure：1 casing, 2 rotating shafts, 3 bearings, 4 external stators, 5 armature winding, 6 cup-shaped rotors, 7 Halbach structure permanent magnetism
Body, 8 inner stators, 9 stator tooths, the Flux modulation pole groove of 10 Flux modulation pole 11,12 support arms, 13 magnetic shields.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
A kind of double-stator permanent magnet vernier wind-driven generator, as shown in figure 1, including external stator 4, inner stator 8 and rotor 6；
The external stator 4, the size of inner stator 8 are different, and the coaxial inside and outside socket arrangement of the external stator 4, inner stator 8, and the rotor 6
It is arranged between external stator 4 and inner stator 8, and external stator 4, inner stator 8 are concentric with the three of rotor 6 is distributed：
Present example motor contains double-layer air gaps topological structure, and the external stator 4 is cylindrical, and inside it circumferentially
Peariform slot is offered, it is the first stator tooth to be placed in the peariform slot groove between the first threephase armature winding, adjacent slot；
The inner stator 8 is cylinder toothed structure, and the outside of the inner stator 8 is circumferentially arranged to have more than one second to determine
Sub- tooth 9, the second threephase armature winding is placed between the second adjacent stator tooth, and each second stator tooth 9 is circumferentially all provided with
More than one Flux modulation pole 10 is put, Flux modulation pole groove 11 is provided between the Flux modulation pole；
The rotor 6 is cup-like structure, and Halbach structure permanent magnet 7 is provided with the rotor, and inside and outside Surface Mount is forever
The magnetizing direction of magnet 7 is identical；Halbach structure permanent magnet (7) is provided with i.e. described rotor (6) surfaces externally and internally, and it is inside and outside
The magnetizing direction of relative permanent magnet (7) is identical on surface.
The number of teeth of the first stator tooth of the external stator 4 is equal with the number sum of Flux modulation pole tooth 10 on inner stator 8；
Stator armature winding number of pole-pairs, rotor permanent magnet number of pole-pairs and stator magnetic flux modulation number of poles have multiple combination, as indicated with 2, there is 17 pairs
Rotor pole, 1 pair of stator poles and 18 Flux modulation poles；And the external stator 4 peariform slot and Flux modulation pole 10 just to distribution
Set, the first stator tooth and the Flux modulation pole groove 11 of external stator 4 are just set to distribution.
The external stator 4, the geomery of inner stator 8 difference, the number of teeth of external stator 4 and Flux modulation number of poles phase on inner stator 8
Deng, using three-phase centralization winding, external stator 4, inner stator 8 are concentric with the three of rotor 6 to be distributed inside and outside stator armature winding, turn
There is Halbach types Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet 7 on son 6, produce the sinusoidal counter potential waveform of height.The tooth of the first stator tooth of external stator 4
Number is equal to the number of pole-pairs of permanent magnet 7 and the first threephase armature winding number of pole-pairs sum of external stator 4, the Flux modulation number of poles of inner stator 8
Equal to the number of pole-pairs of permanent magnet 7 and the threephase armature winding number of pole-pairs sum of inner stator 8 second.Therefore permanent magnet of the invention 7 is extremely right
Number Pr, inner stator armature number of pole-pairs Ns and Flux modulation pole number NFMPBetween meet NFMP=Ns+Pr, completes harmonic flux and adjusts
Operation principle processed, realizes that low speed high torque runs.This motor is using Surface Mount Halbach permanent magnetism knots inside and outside the bimorph transducer and rotor
Structure, can effectively improve torque and the power density of motor, reduce the copper loss of motor.
18 peariform slots are evenly distributed with the external stator 4 on circumference；The number of second stator tooth 9 is 6.
As shown in figure 1, also including casing 1, rotating shaft 2, the rotating shaft 2 is arranged in casing 1, and the moved end of making of rotating shaft 2 leads to
Clutch shaft bearing is crossed to be connected with casing 1, and this is stretched out outside casing 1 as moved end；The external stator 4 is fixed on casing 1, inner stator 8
It is fixed on casing 1 by electric machine stand arm 12；Projection is provided with the rotating shaft 2, the side of cup-shaped rotor 6 is by convex
Rise and be connected with rotating shaft 2, opposite side is fixed on support arm 12 by bearing 3.
Above-mentioned external stator 4, inner stator 8, the construction machine stability of rotor 6 are stronger, stress equalization, it is ensured that electricity of the invention
Magnetic property is unaffected.
Flux modulation pole 10 is parallel teeth trapezoid groove structure on second stator tooth 9 described in present example.I.e. motor is default
Flux modulation pole 10 preferably uses parallel teeth trapezoid groove structure on son 8, as shown in figure 3, the magnetic on described each second stator tooth 9
The number of logical Wehnelt electrode is three.There are three Flux modulation poles 10 on each stator tooth.
The vernier motor rotor 6 of present example Surface Mount Halbach permanent-magnet structures inside and outside, with traditional list stator permanent magnet
Surface-mount type vernier motor is compared, and motor of the present invention also can by a relatively large margin improve the sine of air-gap flux while main flux is improved
Degree, double-stator structure increases motor torque fan-out capability, improves the power factor of motor.
The first threephase armature winding, the second threephase armature winding use three-phase fractional-slot concentrating structure form, i.e.,
Using three-phase centralization winding, Fig. 4 is this machine winding schematic diagram, winding to external stator 4 in the vernier motor of present example
Order is A+A-C-C+B+B-A-A+C+C-B-B+.
Fig. 5 by proposition motor three kinds of different rotor structures, it is interior in structure shown in Fig. 5 .1 (a) vernier motor rotors
Outer Surface Mount Halbach permanent-magnet structure rotors, the structure can produce the sinusoidal air-gap field of height, and Fig. 5 .1 (b) is inside and outside Surface Mount
Formula permanent-magnet structure rotor, Fig. 5 .1 (c) permanent magnet insert structure rotors, structure has poly- magnetic benefit, but has leakage field phenomenon, needs to increase
Plus magnetic shield.I.e.：
The Halbach structure permanent magnet 7 is arranged at the surfaces externally and internally of rotor by way of Surface Mount.
The Halbach structure permanent magnet 7 is arranged on rotor by built-in mode, and the Halbach structure is forever
Magnet is packaged in rotor by magnetic shield.
Present example vernier motor adjacent pole magnetic circuit path is：The tooth of inner stator 8 to magnetic flux is passed through from the yoke portion of inner stator 8
Wehnelt electrode 9, is then passed through the air gap between inner stator 8 and rotor 6, then passes through rotor 6, be subsequently passed through rotor 6 and external stator 4 it
Between air gap, reach external stator 4 yoke portion finally by the teeth portion of external stator 4.
Motor torque density of the present invention and back-emf height sine principle are as follows：
It is close air gap higher is provided to motor by using the body mode of Surface Mount Halbach types permanent magnet 7 inside and outside rotor 6
Simultaneously, air gap magnetic density waveform sine degree improves a lot degree magnetic flux, inside and outside double-stator structure, can increase stator armature winding 5
Potential, so as to improve motor torque density.
Operation principle：
Due to circumferentially offering peariform slot inside external stator 4, the first threephase armature winding is placed in the peariform slot groove,
It is the first stator tooth between adjacent slot；The outside of inner stator 8 is circumferentially arranged more than one second stator tooth 9, described adjacent
The second threephase armature winding is placed between second stator tooth, each second stator tooth 9 is circumferentially respectively provided with more than one magnetic flux
Wehnelt electrode 10, is provided with Flux modulation pole groove 11 between the Flux modulation pole；It is provided with the surfaces externally and internally of the rotor 6
Halbach structure permanent magnet 7, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet 7 being oppositely arranged on surfaces externally and internally is identical；And the external stator 4
The first stator tooth the number of teeth it is equal with the number sum of Flux modulation pole tooth 10 on inner stator 8；And the pyriform of the external stator 4
Groove and Flux modulation pole 10 are just set to distribution, and the first stator tooth and the Flux modulation pole groove 11 of external stator 4 are just set to distribution；
Therefore the number of teeth of the first stator tooth of external stator 4 is extremely right with the first threephase armature winding of external stator 4 equal to the number of pole-pairs of permanent magnet 7
Number sums, the Flux modulation number of poles of inner stator 8 be equal to the number of pole-pairs of permanent magnet 7 and the threephase armature winding number of pole-pairs of inner stator 8 second it
With the number of teeth of the first stator tooth of external stator 4 is equal with Flux modulation number of poles on inner stator 8, the three-phase electricity of interior external stator first and second
Pivot winding back-emf same frequency；The number of pole-pairs of permanent magnet 7 is with external stator magnetic field number of pole-pairs than as motor gearratio；Work as p-m rotor
6 when having micro-locality to change, and can just cause a larger flux change, so as to produce big torque to export, meets vernier
Motor harmonic modulation operation principle.
From the foregoing, vernier motor proposed by the present invention has significant difference with magnetic gear.Magnetic gear is by with less magnetic
The internal rotor of hypervelocity rotation, the outer rotor of more magnetic pole low speed rotation and one are handed over by high permeability material and non-magnet material
The adjustable magnetic ring group of mistake composition is into the permanent magnet of different numbers of pole-pairs is placed on inner and outer Rotator surface, and adjustable magnetic ring is maintained static, by multistage
It is extremely right containing major harmonic number of times and inner stator that the space magnetic field of the greater number that outer rotor is produced is modulated into the air gap of inner side
Number identical space harmonics, adjustable magnetic ring plays a part of modulation inner and outer Rotator magnetic field.It can thus be seen that magnetic gear is due to adjusting
The presence of magnet ring, generates double-layer air gaps structure so that air-gap field is complex, causes its power density relatively low.The present invention
A kind of novel double-stator low speed high torque vernier motor is proposed, while low speed high torque is realized, motor can be effectively increased
Magnetic field intensity and power density.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：For the ordinary skill people of the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of double-stator permanent magnet vernier wind-driven generator, including external stator (4), inner stator (8) and rotor (6)；It is described outer
Stator (4), inner stator (8) size are different, and the coaxial inside and outside socket arrangement of the external stator (4), inner stator (8), and described turn
Sub (6) are arranged between external stator (4) and inner stator (8), and external stator (4), inner stator (8) are concentric with rotor (6) three divides
Cloth, it is characterised in that：
The external stator (4) is cylindrical, and peariform slot is circumferentially offered inside it, and the one or three is placed in the peariform slot groove
It is the first stator tooth between phase armature winding, adjacent slot；
The inner stator (8) is cylinder toothed structure, and inner stator (8) outside is circumferentially arranged to have more than one second to determine
Sub- tooth (9), the second threephase armature winding is placed between the second adjacent stator tooth, and each second stator tooth (9) is circumferentially
More than one Flux modulation pole (10) is respectively provided with, Flux modulation pole groove (11) is provided between the Flux modulation pole；
The rotor (6) is cup-like structure, and Halbach structure permanent magnet (7) is provided with rotor (6) surfaces externally and internally, and
The magnetizing direction of relative permanent magnet (7) is identical on surfaces externally and internally；
The number of teeth of the first stator tooth of the external stator (4) and the total phase of the number of Flux modulation pole tooth (10) on inner stator (8)
Deng；And the external stator (4) peariform slot and Flux modulation pole (10) just to distribution set, the first stator tooth of external stator (4)
Just distribution is set with Flux modulation pole groove (11)；
Also include casing (1), rotating shaft (2), the rotating shaft (2) is arranged in casing (1), and rotating shaft (2) makees moved end by the
One bearing is connected with casing (1), and this stretches out casing (1) outward as moved end；The external stator (4) is fixed on casing (1), default
Sub (8) are fixed on casing (1) by electric machine stand arm (12)；Projection, the cup-shaped rotor have been provided with the rotating shaft (2)
(6) side is connected by projection with rotating shaft (2), and opposite side is fixed on support arm (12) by bearing (3)；
The Halbach structure permanent magnet (7) is arranged at the surfaces externally and internally of rotor by way of Surface Mount；Or it is described
Halbach structure permanent magnet (7) is arranged on rotor by built-in mode, and the Halbach structure permanent magnet by every
Magnetosheath is packaged in rotor；
The number of teeth of the first stator tooth of external stator (4) be equal to the first threephase armature of permanent magnet (7) number of pole-pairs and external stator (4) around
Group number of pole-pairs sum, inner stator (8) Flux modulation number of poles be equal to the number of pole-pairs of permanent magnet 7 and the threephase armature of inner stator (8) second around
Group number of pole-pairs sum, the number of teeth of the first stator tooth of external stator (4) is equal with Flux modulation number of poles on inner stator (8), inside and outside fixed
Sub first and second threephase armature winding back-emf same frequency；Permanent magnet (7) number of pole-pairs is with external stator magnetic field number of pole-pairs than as motor
Gearratio.
2. double-stator permanent magnet vernier wind-driven generator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：First threephase armature
Winding, the second threephase armature winding use three-phase fractional-slot concentrating structure form.
3. double-stator permanent magnet vernier wind-driven generator according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Second stator tooth
(9) Flux modulation pole (10) are parallel teeth trapezoid groove structure on.
4. double-stator permanent magnet vernier wind-driven generator according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Described each second stator
The number of the Flux modulation pole on tooth (9) is three.
5. double-stator permanent magnet vernier wind-driven generator according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：On the external stator (4)
18 peariform slots are evenly distributed with circumference；The number of second stator tooth (9) is 6.
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| CN201410321107.6A CN104201848B (en) | 2014-07-04 | 2014-07-04 | A kind of double-stator permanent magnet vernier wind-driven generator |
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| CN201410321107.6A CN104201848B (en) | 2014-07-04 | 2014-07-04 | A kind of double-stator permanent magnet vernier wind-driven generator |
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| CN104201848B true CN104201848B (en) | 2017-06-06 |
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