CN111702829A - 中药粉碎装置 - Google Patents

中药粉碎装置 Download PDF

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CN111702829A
CN111702829A CN202010676899.4A CN202010676899A CN111702829A CN 111702829 A CN111702829 A CN 111702829A CN 202010676899 A CN202010676899 A CN 202010676899A CN 111702829 A CN111702829 A CN 111702829A
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shredding
knife
crushing
guide cylinder
chinese medicine
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符玺睿
龚小兵
陈海刚
谢爱梅
刘春方
黄平
杨一栋
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China Resources Sanjiu Chenzhou Pharmaceutical Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D1/00—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor
    • B26D1/01—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work
    • B26D1/04—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member
    • B26D1/06—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates
    • B26D1/08—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates of the guillotine type
    • B26D1/09—Cutting through work characterised by the nature or movement of the cutting member or particular materials not otherwise provided for; Apparatus or machines therefor; Cutting members therefor involving a cutting member which does not travel with the work having a linearly-movable cutting member wherein the cutting member reciprocates of the guillotine type with a plurality of cutting members
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61J3/00—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms
    • A61J3/02—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms into the form of powders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/08—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers
    • B02C18/12—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within vertical containers with drive arranged below container
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/18—Knives; Mountings thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/22—Feed or discharge means
    • B02C18/2216—Discharge means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B26—HAND CUTTING TOOLS; CUTTING; SEVERING
    • B26D—CUTTING; DETAILS COMMON TO MACHINES FOR PERFORATING, PUNCHING, CUTTING-OUT, STAMPING-OUT OR SEVERING
    • B26D5/00—Arrangements for operating and controlling machines or devices for cutting, cutting-out, stamping-out, punching, perforating, or severing by means other than cutting
    • B26D5/08—Means for actuating the cutting member to effect the cut
    • B26D5/12—Fluid-pressure means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C23/00—Auxiliary methods or auxiliary devices or accessories specially adapted for crushing or disintegrating not provided for in preceding groups or not specially adapted to apparatus covered by a single preceding group
    • B02C23/08—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating
    • B02C23/16—Separating or sorting of material, associated with crushing or disintegrating with separator defining termination of crushing or disintegrating zone, e.g. screen denying egress of oversize material
    • B02C2023/165—Screen denying egress of oversize material

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Abstract

本发明的中药粉碎装置，粉碎筒底部连接有集料斗，集料斗与粉碎筒之间通过筛网隔开；导向筒竖直设置于上腔中央，导向筒底部与横隔板连接，导向筒底部的横隔板处设置有多个下料通孔；导向筒下侧部设置有入料口；进料斗安装于上腔两侧并且底端与入料口连通；电动气缸安装于导向筒顶部，电动气缸的活塞杆朝下与活塞块连接，活塞块活动套接于导向筒内；切片刀竖直安装于活塞块底部，切片刀与下料通孔一一对准，切片刀的厚度小于下料通孔的开口厚度；切丝盒安装于横隔板底部中央；切丝刀设置于切丝盒内并且与电机的转轴驱动连接；粉碎刀设置于切丝盒下方的粉碎筒下腔中，粉碎刀包括转动刀片和固定刀片，转动刀片与电机的转轴驱动连接。

Description

中药粉碎装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药加工装置，特别涉及一种中药粉碎装置。
背景技术
中药制剂通常由几种甚至几十种中药混合配置而成，在中药加工时，需要将块状或大颗粒的中药粉碎成粉状。目前常用的操作方式是由人工振捣或反复切割粉碎，此种方式费时费力而且得到的中药粒径不一，不适于中药的配制使用。采用中药粉碎机粉碎的方式，通常将块状或大颗粒的中药直接投入机器内，由于机器内部粉碎叶片的数量有限而且粉碎方式单一，需要耗费较长的时间才能将中药粉碎，并且粉碎效果差，粉碎不充分。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种粉碎更高效和更充分的中药粉碎装置。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明的中药粉碎装置，包括粉碎筒、进料斗、导向筒、切丝盒、电动气缸、活塞块、切片刀、切丝刀、粉碎刀和电机；所述粉碎筒内腔中部设置有横隔板，所述横隔板将所述粉碎筒内腔分隔成上腔和下腔；所述粉碎筒底部连接有集料斗，所述集料斗与粉碎筒之间通过筛网隔开；所述导向筒竖直设置于所述上腔中央，所述导向筒底部与所述横隔板连接，所述导向筒底部的横隔板处设置有多个下料通孔；所述导向筒下侧部设置有入料口；所述进料斗安装于所述上腔两侧并且底端与所述入料口连通；所述电动气缸安装于所述导向筒顶部，所述电动气缸的活塞杆朝下与所述活塞块连接，所述活塞块活动套接于所述导向筒内；所述切片刀竖直安装于所述活塞块底部，所述切片刀与所述下料通孔一一对准，所述切片刀的厚度小于所述下料通孔的开口厚度；所述切丝盒安装于所述横隔板底部中央，所述切丝盒顶部与所述下料通孔连通，所述切丝盒侧部设置有出料开口；所述电机安装于所述集料斗底部中央，所述电机的转轴向上穿过集料斗和筛网并且伸入所述切丝盒内；所述切丝刀设置于所述切丝盒内并且与所述电机的转轴驱动连接；所述粉碎刀设置于所述切丝盒下方的粉碎筒下腔中，所述粉碎刀包括转动刀片和固定刀片，所述转动刀片与所述电机的转轴驱动连接，所述固定刀片与所述粉碎筒的内侧壁固定连接，所述转动刀片与固定刀片交替间隔设置。
所述转动刀片的刀刃设置于刀片两端，所述固定刀片的刀刃设置于刀片两侧，所述切丝刀的刀刃位于刀片两侧和两端。
所述转动刀片和固定刀片均交替设置有多层，每层所述转动刀片均绕所述电机转轴设置有多个，每层所述固定刀片均沿着粉碎筒内壁间隔设置有多个。
所述下料通孔的口径从上到下逐渐增加。
所述切片刀为长方体。
所述集料斗底部连接有排料管；所述粉碎筒底部连接有支脚。
采用本发明的结构，中药材依次经过导向筒内的切片刀、切丝盒内的切丝刀和粉碎筒下腔内的破碎刀，使中药材破碎更充分、更高效。切片刀与横隔板的下料通孔一一对准，切片刀可以完全套入横隔板中央的下料通孔内，可以避免切片刀撞击在横隔板上，减少切片刀的损坏，还可以推动下料通孔内的中药切片下移，提高粉碎效率。下料通孔可以对中药切片进行过滤，阻止厚度过厚的中药材下落到切丝盒进行切丝，使中药材破碎更充分。切丝盒设置在下料通孔处的横隔板底部，不仅可以对电机转轴顶端进行位置固定，而且可以阻止未被切丝的中药切片下落到破碎刀之间进行破碎，使中药材破碎更充分。破碎刀的转动刀片和固定刀片组合不断进行剪切动作，可以对中药切丝进行剪碎处理，使得中药粉碎更充分。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
图中：1-电动气缸，2-进料斗，3-活塞块，4-切片刀，5-导向筒，6-下料通孔，7-横隔板，8-切丝刀，9-切丝盒，10-转动刀片，11-固定刀片，12-筛网，13-集料斗，14-支脚，15-电机，16-排料管。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做详细描述。
如图1所示，本发明的中药粉碎装置，包括粉碎筒、进料斗、导向筒、切丝盒、电动气缸、活塞块、切片刀、切丝刀、粉碎刀和电机。
粉碎筒内腔中部设置有横隔板，横隔板四周分别与粉碎筒四周内壁固定连接。横隔板将粉碎筒内腔分隔成上腔和下腔。粉碎筒底部连接有集料斗，集料斗与粉碎筒之间通过筛网隔开，筛网四周分别与粉碎筒内壁固定连接。
导向筒竖直设置于上腔中央，导向筒底部与横隔板连接。导向筒底部的横隔板处设置有多个下料通孔。导向筒下侧部设置有入料口。进料斗安装于上腔两侧并且底端与入料口连通，中药材从进料斗进入导向筒内，进料斗的顶部料斗口设置在粉碎筒顶部。电动气缸安装于导向筒顶部，电动气缸通过固定板固定连接导向筒。电动气缸的活塞杆朝下与活塞块连接，活塞块活动套接于导向筒内，活塞块可以在导向筒内上下滑动。电动气缸驱动活塞块在导向筒内上下来回运动。电动气缸结构更紧凑，动力更稳定。切片刀竖直安装于活塞块底部，切片刀与下料通孔一一对准，切片刀的厚度小于下料通孔的开口厚度。切片刀随着活塞块上下来回运动，以对中药材进行切片。切片刀水平方向的长度等于或者小于下料通孔水平方向的长度，切片刀竖直方向的高度小于或者等于下料通孔竖直方向的深度，切片刀可以完全套入下料通孔内。切片刀不仅可以对中药材进行切片，而且可以将中药切片向下挤入下料通孔，最终将中药切片挤入切丝盒内。
切丝盒安装于横隔板底部中央，切丝盒顶部与下料通孔连通，切丝盒侧部设置有出料开口和连接板，底部设置有盒底板，连接板顶部连接横隔板并且底部连接盒底板。电机安装于集料斗底部中央，电机的转轴向上穿过集料斗和筛网并且伸入切丝盒内。切丝刀设置于切丝盒内并且与电机的转轴驱动连接。电机带动切丝刀在切丝盒内水平转动，中药切片从下料通孔进入切丝盒内，切丝刀对下落的中药切片进行切丝，在切丝刀片的带动下中药切丝被甩向四周，最后从切丝盒侧部的出料开口甩出到粉碎筒的下腔中。
粉碎刀设置于切丝盒下方的粉碎筒下腔中，粉碎刀包括转动刀片和固定刀片，转动刀片与电机的转轴驱动连接，固定刀片与粉碎筒的内侧壁固定连接，转动刀片与固定刀片交替间隔设置。电机带动转动刀片转动，转动刀片转过固定刀片位置时，形成剪切动作，中药切丝向下掉落的过程中，在转动刀片和固定刀片之间被剪碎。颗粒度小于筛网网孔的中药碎粒，则进入集料斗内，颗粒度大于筛网网孔的中药碎粒，则在筛网上方被被转动刀片继续进行剪碎处理。
如图1所示，转动刀片的刀刃设置于刀片两端，便于带动中药切丝进行高速转动和对粉碎筒内边缘处的中药材进行更高效破碎。固定刀片的刀刃设置于刀片两侧，便于有效割断被转动刀片带动中药切丝。切丝刀的刀刃位于刀片两侧和两端，切丝刀两侧的刀刃用于对下落的中药切片进行切丝，切丝刀两端的刀刃用于对甩到切丝盒边角的中药材进行切丝。
如图1所示，转动刀片和固定刀片均交替设置有多层，每层所述转动刀片均绕电机转轴设置有多个，每层固定刀片均沿着粉碎筒内壁间隔设置有多个。更多更密的转动刀片和固定刀片，使中药材破碎更高效和更彻底。
如图1所示，下料通孔的口径从上到下逐渐增加，可以减少中药切片在下料通孔内堵塞，还可以减少切片刀在下料通孔内的阻力，进而减少切片刀的磨损，提高下料速度。
如图1所示，切片刀为长方体，切片刀底部边缘为平面，可以提高切片刀的坚固性，使得切片刀在切割过程中直上直下，避免切片刀在切片过程中歪斜变形而撞击到横隔板，降低故障，提高破碎效率。
如图1所示，集料斗底部连接有排料管，用于排出破碎后的中药材颗粒。粉碎筒底部连接有支脚，包括支撑腿和支撑腿底端连接的支撑板，支脚可以提高粉碎筒的稳固性，使用更安全。

Claims (6)

1.一种中药粉碎装置，其特征在于：包括粉碎筒、进料斗、导向筒、切丝盒、电动气缸、活塞块、切片刀、切丝刀、粉碎刀和电机；
所述粉碎筒内腔中部设置有横隔板，所述横隔板将所述粉碎筒内腔分隔成上腔和下腔；所述粉碎筒底部连接有集料斗，所述集料斗与粉碎筒之间通过筛网隔开；
所述导向筒竖直设置于所述上腔中央，所述导向筒底部与所述横隔板连接，所述导向筒底部的横隔板处设置有多个下料通孔；所述导向筒下侧部设置有入料口；所述进料斗安装于所述上腔两侧并且底端与所述入料口连通；所述电动气缸安装于所述导向筒顶部，所述电动气缸的活塞杆朝下与所述活塞块连接，所述活塞块活动套接于所述导向筒内；所述切片刀竖直安装于所述活塞块底部，所述切片刀与所述下料通孔一一对准，所述切片刀的厚度小于所述下料通孔的开口厚度；
所述切丝盒安装于所述横隔板底部中央，所述切丝盒顶部与所述下料通孔连通，所述切丝盒侧部设置有出料开口；所述电机安装于所述集料斗底部中央，所述电机的转轴向上穿过集料斗和筛网并且伸入所述切丝盒内；所述切丝刀设置于所述切丝盒内并且与所述电机的转轴驱动连接；
所述粉碎刀设置于所述切丝盒下方的粉碎筒下腔中，所述粉碎刀包括转动刀片和固定刀片，所述转动刀片与所述电机的转轴驱动连接，所述固定刀片与所述粉碎筒的内侧壁固定连接，所述转动刀片与固定刀片交替间隔设置。
2.根据权利要求1所述的中药粉碎装置，其特征在于：所述转动刀片的刀刃设置于刀片两端，所述固定刀片的刀刃设置于刀片两侧，所述切丝刀的刀刃位于刀片两侧和两端。
3.根据权利要求1所述的中药粉碎装置，其特征在于：所述转动刀片和固定刀片均交替设置有多层，每层所述转动刀片均绕所述电机转轴设置有多个，每层所述固定刀片均沿着粉碎筒内壁间隔设置有多个。
4.根据权利要求1所述的中药粉碎装置，其特征在于：所述下料通孔的口径从上到下逐渐增加。
5.根据权利要求1所述的中药粉碎装置，其特征在于：所述切片刀为长方体。
6.根据权利要求1-5任意一项所述的中药粉碎装置，其特征在于：所述集料斗底部连接有排料管；所述粉碎筒底部连接有支脚。
CN202010676899.4A 2020-07-14 2020-07-14 中药粉碎装置 Pending CN111702829A (zh)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112473905A (zh) * 2020-11-10 2021-03-12 李河龙 一种中药粉碎机
CN112973861A (zh) * 2021-03-23 2021-06-18 浙江柚都生物科技有限公司 一种胡柚皮提取液用提取设备及其提取方法
CN115069375A (zh) * 2022-06-20 2022-09-20 林碧红 一种高速中药粉碎机

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112473905A (zh) * 2020-11-10 2021-03-12 李河龙 一种中药粉碎机
CN112973861A (zh) * 2021-03-23 2021-06-18 浙江柚都生物科技有限公司 一种胡柚皮提取液用提取设备及其提取方法
CN115069375A (zh) * 2022-06-20 2022-09-20 林碧红 一种高速中药粉碎机
CN115069375B (zh) * 2022-06-20 2023-10-13 大同大源药业有限责任公司 一种高速中药粉碎机

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