CN111698037A - Single microwave signal direction-of-arrival angle estimation method based on microwave photons - Google Patents

Single microwave signal direction-of-arrival angle estimation method based on microwave photons Download PDF

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CN111698037A
CN111698037A CN202010510484.XA CN202010510484A CN111698037A CN 111698037 A CN111698037 A CN 111698037A CN 202010510484 A CN202010510484 A CN 202010510484A CN 111698037 A CN111698037 A CN 111698037A
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CN111698037B (en
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蔡晶晶
宗汝
李超
谭富伟
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Xidian University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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    • G01S3/00—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received
    • G01S3/02—Direction-finders for determining the direction from which infrasonic, sonic, ultrasonic, or electromagnetic waves, or particle emission, not having a directional significance, are being received using radio waves
    • G01S3/14—Systems for determining direction or deviation from predetermined direction
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for estimating the direction of arrival angle of a single microwave signal based on microwave photons, which aims to realize the estimation of the direction of arrival angle of the single microwave signal on the premise of reducing the calculated amount and improve the estimation precision. The method comprises the following implementation steps: constructing a microwave photonic system S; the four receiving antenna units receive microwave signals to be detected of a single direction angle of arrival; the first mach-zehnder modulator M1 performs intensity modulation on the microwave signal and the optical carrier signal; m2, M3 and M4 respectively perform intensity modulation on the microwave signal received respectively and the first-order sideband signal output by M1; c1, C2 and C3 respectively measure the optical power of the carrier frequency signal; calculating an actual observation vector and carrying out noise suppression on the actual observation vector; and calculating the corresponding direction angle of arrival theta of the microwave signal v (t) to be detected by adopting a formula of a convex optimization problem. The method adopts a system based on microwave photons to estimate the direction angle of arrival of the signal, uses a formula of a convex optimization problem to process calculated data, improves the estimation efficiency and the estimation precision, and can be used for target detection and passive positioning.

Description

Single microwave signal direction-of-arrival angle estimation method based on microwave photons
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of photoelectric communication, and particularly relates to a method for estimating a direction angle of arrival of a single microwave signal, which can be used for target detection and passive positioning.
Background
Microwave signals are electromagnetic wave signals having a wavelength between 0.1 mm and 1 m. Since the seventies of the last century, with the explosive development of photonic technologies and microwave technologies such as semiconductor lasers, high-speed photoelectric modulators, fiber optics, integrated photonics, microwave antennas, microwave monolithic integrated circuits and the like, a cross field, namely microwave photonics, which combines microwave and optics, has emerged. Microwave photonics is an emerging discipline, and studies are being made to utilize photonics methods to process microwave signals. The advantages of large bandwidth, small integrated volume, strong electromagnetic interference resistance and the like of the microwave photon technology provide a potential solution for processing millimeter-band microwave signals with large bandwidth and high frequency.
The DOA estimation of the direction of arrival of a signal is an important branch in the field of array signal processing, and means that an antenna array is used for carrying out induction receiving on a spatial acoustic signal and an electromagnetic signal, and then a modern signal processing method is used for quickly and accurately estimating the direction of a signal source. DOA estimation is of great interest in the field of production and living, for example in applications in radar systems, such as radar anti-jamming systems, can be used for determining the direction of interfering incoming meter-wave radar, determining the super-resolution problem in low-angle tracking of radar, realizing accurate tracking based on passive array, estimating the direction of radar target and imaging the problem in positioning, in the problem measurement radar for improving imaging resolution, the method for determining the track of a target is widely applied in other aspects, namely, in a missile-borne system, in a real-time tracking and reentry telemetry technology for a missile, in an estimation intelligent antenna for accurately tracking the motion of a reentry telemetry signal, the method for determining the direction of an uplink signal and determining the direction of a downlink beam to a precise measurement radiation source in wireless electronic reconnaissance to determine the mode and the position of the signal transmission of a radio station in the position shortwave direction-finding field and the like.
Since the end of the 20 th 70 th century, research on DOA estimation has been largely pursued, with a large number of research results and references appearing not only in important journals, but also in international academic conferences. The multi-signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm proposed by Schmidt et al in the united states is the most prominent, and the algorithm realizes the advance to the modern super-resolution direction finding technology, and meanwhile, the proposal of the MUSIC algorithm also promotes the rise of the feature subspace type (also called subspace decomposition type) algorithm. The subspace decomposition algorithm is to construct an acicular space spectrum peak by utilizing the orthogonal characteristics of two subspaces, and the incoming direction of an incident signal is obtained by utilizing the space spectrum peaks, so that the resolution of the algorithm is greatly improved. Starting from the late 80 s of the 20 th century, a representative class of algorithms, namely subspace fitting-type algorithms, typically including a Maximum Likelihood (ML) algorithm, a Weighted Subspace Fitting (WSF) algorithm, a multi-dimensional MUSIC (MD-MUSIC) algorithm, and the like, has appeared.
The estimation of the direction of arrival angle of a microwave signal is a technology for receiving signals sent by a plurality of signal sources in different directions by utilizing an antenna array in space and quickly and accurately obtaining the direction of the signal source by utilizing a modern signal processing method, and has important application value in the fields of radar, sonar, wireless communication and the like. In a model constructed aiming at the problem of estimating the direction of arrival angle of the microwave signal, a subspace-based model appears earlier and is widely applied, and most of previous microwave signal direction of arrival angle estimates are generated by utilizing the model.
At present, the latest microwave signal direction-of-arrival angle estimation method is to estimate the microwave signal direction-of-arrival angle by using microwave photons, and the method aims to estimate the microwave signal direction-of-arrival angle by adopting a photoelectric device and a photoelectric method. For example, in patent application publication No. CN107528638A entitled "method for estimating arrival angle of broadband microwave signal based on microwave photon filtering", a method for estimating arrival angle of broadband microwave signal based on microwave photon filtering is disclosed, which utilizes a polarization multiplexing mach-zehnder modulator in combination with a differential delay module to construct a double-tap microwave photon filter, and performs notch filtering on an input electrical signal and observes the result, but the method is complicated in calculation and low in estimation efficiency and estimation accuracy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for estimating the direction of arrival angle of a single microwave signal based on microwave photons, aiming at improving the estimation precision on the premise of reducing the calculation complexity. In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) constructing a microwave photonic system S:
constructing a microwave photonic system S, which comprises a first Mach-Zehnder modulator M1, and a second Mach-Zehnder modulator M2, a third Mach-Zehnder modulator M3 and a fourth Mach-Zehnder modulator M4 which are connected with the output end of the M1 in parallel; two input ends of the first Mach-Zehnder modulator M1 are respectively connected with a first receiving antenna unit R1 and a laser signal source L; the input ends of the second mach-zehnder modulator M2, the third mach-zehnder modulator M3 and the fourth mach-zehnder modulator M4 are respectively connected with a second receiving antenna unit R2, a third receiving antenna unit R3 and a fourth receiving antenna unit R4, the output ends of the second mach-zehnder modulator M2, the third mach-zehnder modulator M3 and the fourth mach-zehnder modulator M4 are respectively connected with a first carrier frequency signal measuring unit C1, a second carrier frequency signal measuring unit C2 and a third carrier frequency signal measuring unit C3 in a cascade mode, wherein the first carrier frequency signal measuring unit C1 is formed by connecting a first bessel optical filter B1 and a first optical power meter W1 in a series mode, the second carrier frequency signal measuring unit C2 is formed by connecting a second bessel optical filter B2 and a second optical power meter W2 in a series mode, the third carrier frequency signal measuring unit C3 is formed by connecting a third bessel optical filter B3 and a third optical power meter W3 in a series mode, and the optical carrier frequency of a;
(2) the four receiving antenna units receive the microwave signals to be detected of a single direction of arrival angle:
the receiving antenna units R1, R2, R3 and R4 respectively receive microwave signals v (t), v (t- △ t), v (t-2 △ t) and v (t-3 △ t) with frequency f' and the direction angle of arrival to be measured being theta, wherein
Figure BDA0002528209360000031
c is the speed of light, d represents the distance between R1 and R2, R2 and R3, R3 and R4, d>0；
(3) The first mach-zehnder modulator M1 performs intensity modulation on the microwave signal and the optical carrier signal:
the first Mach-Zehnder modulator M1 receives the microwave signal v (t) of the single direction angle of arrival to be measured received by the R1 and the optical carrier signal v output by the laser signal source Lf(t) intensity modulation is carried out, and a group of first-order sideband signals v with frequencies of f-f 'and f + f' are obtained at the output endf-1(t),vf+1(t)；
(4) M2, M3, and M4 intensity modulate the received microwave signal and the first order sideband signal output by M1, respectively:
the second Mach-Zehnder modulator M2 outputs a first-order sideband signal v (t- △ t) to the microwave signal v (t- △ t) received by R2 and the first-order sideband signal v (t-V) output by M1f-1(t),vf+1(t) intensity modulation is carried out, and a group of output signals E after intensity modulation are obtained at the output end1,E2,E3,E4The third Mach-Zehnder modulator M3 outputs a first-order sideband signal v (t-2 △ t) to the microwave signal v (t-2 △ t) received by R3 and the first-order sideband signal v (t-2) output by M1f-1(t),vf+1(t) intensity-modulating to obtain a set of intensity-modulated output signals E 'at the output end'1,E'2,E'3,E'4The fourth Mach-Zehnder modulator M4 outputs a first-order sideband signal v (t-3 △ t) to the microwave signal v (t-3 △ t) received by R4 and the first-order sideband signal v output by M1f-1(t),vf+1(t) intensity modulation is carried out, and a group of output signals E' with intensity modulated are obtained at the output end1,E″2,E″3,E″4；
(5) C1, C2, and C3 measure the carrier frequency signal optical power, respectively:
first carrier frequency signal measurement unit C1Bessel optical filter B1 intensity-modulated M2 set of output signals E1,E2,E3,E4Filtering to obtain a first output signal with frequency f, and measuring optical power P of the first output signal by a first optical power meter W11(ii) a A set of output signals E after intensity modulation of M3 by a second Bessel optical filter B2 in a second carrier frequency signal measurement unit C21',E'2,E'3,E'4Filtering to obtain a second output signal with the frequency of the carrier frequency f, and measuring the optical power P of the second output signal by a second optical power meter W22(ii) a A group of output signals E' after the intensity modulation of M4 by a third Bessel optical filter B3 in a third carrier frequency signal measurement unit C31,E″2,E″3,E″4Filtering to obtain a third output signal with the frequency of the carrier frequency f, and measuring the optical power P of the third output signal by a third optical power meter W33；
(6) Calculating and noise-suppressing the actual observation vector:
(6a) optical power P by first output signal1And the optical power P of the second output signal2Quotient Q of1And the optical power P of the first output signal1And the optical power P of the third output signal3As the quotient data Q2And calculating an actual observation vector Y:
Y＝[Q1,Q2]T
wherein [ ·]TRepresenting a transpose;
(6b) the angle interval [0 DEG, 180 DEG ] of the direction of arrival angle theta of the microwave signal v (t)]Divided into K parts on average by
Figure BDA0002528209360000041
And
Figure BDA0002528209360000042
remodeling the actual observation vector Y to obtain an actual observation vector Y' after noise suppression:
Figure BDA0002528209360000043
wherein
Figure BDA0002528209360000044
Is a sparse representation coefficient vector of (1-p),
Figure BDA0002528209360000045
representing a matrix with a dimension of 2 × K,
Figure BDA0002528209360000046
Figure BDA0002528209360000047
(7) and calculating the corresponding direction of arrival angle theta of the microwave signal v (t) to be detected by adopting a formula of a convex optimization problem and through Y'.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention receives the same microwave signal through the four receiving antenna units, obtains the quotient of the optical power as a ratio and directly calculates to obtain the actual observation vector, thereby avoiding the defect of large calculation amount in the prior art and effectively improving the estimation efficiency.
2. According to the method, data are processed by using a formula of a convex optimization problem, the corresponding direction of arrival angle of the microwave signal to be measured is calculated, calculation errors are reduced, and compared with the prior art, the estimation precision is effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an implementation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a microwave photonic system S constructed in the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention includes the steps of:
step 1) constructing a microwave photonic system S as shown in FIG. 2:
constructing a microwave photonic system S, which comprises a first Mach-Zehnder modulator M1, and a second Mach-Zehnder modulator M2, a third Mach-Zehnder modulator M3 and a fourth Mach-Zehnder modulator M4 which are connected with the output end of the M1 in parallel; two input ends of the first Mach-Zehnder modulator M1 are respectively connected with a first receiving antenna unit R1 and a laser signal source L; the input ends of the second Mach-Zehnder modulator M2, the third Mach-Zehnder modulator M3 and the fourth Mach-Zehnder modulator M4 are respectively connected with a second receiving antenna unit R2, a third receiving antenna unit R3 and a fourth receiving antenna unit R4, the output ends are respectively connected with a first carrier frequency signal measuring unit C1, a second carrier frequency signal measuring unit C2 and a third carrier frequency signal measuring unit C3 in a cascade mode, the first carrier frequency signal measuring unit C1 is formed by connecting a first Bessel optical filter B1 and a first optical power meter W1 in series, the second carrier frequency signal measuring unit C2 is formed by connecting a second Bessel optical filter B2 and a second optical power meter W2 in series, the third carrier frequency signal measuring unit C3 is formed by connecting a third Bessel optical filter B3 and a third optical power meter W3 in series, the frequency of an optical carrier signal of a laser signal source L is f, and four Mach-Zehnder modulators are in a carrier suppression state;
step 2) the four receiving antenna units receive the microwave signal to be detected of a single direction angle of arrival:
the receiving antenna units R1, R2, R3, and R4 respectively receive microwave signals with frequency f' equal to 2GHz, and assume that the direction of arrival angle θ is to be measured, v (t), v (t- △ t), v (t-2 △ t), and v (t-3 △ t), where △ t is the time difference between the arrival of the microwave signals at two adjacent antennas,
Figure BDA0002528209360000061
c is the speed of light, d represents the distance between two adjacent antennas, d is 0.01m, and the actual setting value of θ is 60 °;
step 3) the first mach-zehnder modulator M1 modulates the intensities of the microwave signal and the optical carrier signal:
the first Mach-Zehnder modulator M1 receives the microwave signal v (t) of the single direction angle of arrival to be measured received by the R1 and the optical carrier output by the laser signal source LWave signal vf(t) intensity-modulated, whereby the electrical signal is represented in the form of an optical signal, and since the first mach-zehnder modulator M1 is in a carrier-suppressed state, a set of first-order sideband signals v, having frequencies f-f 'and f + f', symmetrical about the carrier frequency signal is obtained at the outputf-1(t),vf+1(t)；
Step 4), M2, M3 and M4 respectively perform intensity modulation on the microwave signal received by each and the first-order sideband signal output by M1:
because the first-order sideband signal obtained by the output end of the first Mach-Zehnder modulator M1 is limited and is not enough to meet the quantity requirement of the final microwave signal direction-of-arrival angle estimation, additional Mach-Zehnder modulators need to be introduced, and the ratio data needed for calculating the actual observation vector needs to be at least two, so at least three Mach-Zehnder modulators are needed, and the second Mach-Zehnder modulator M2 is used for receiving the microwave signal v (t- △ t) received by R2 and outputting the first-order sideband signal v (t- △ t) by M1f-1(t),vf+1(t) intensity modulation is carried out, and a group of output signals E after intensity modulation are obtained at the output end1,E2,E3,E4The third Mach-Zehnder modulator M3 outputs a first-order sideband signal v (t-2 △ t) to the microwave signal v (t-2 △ t) received by R3 and the first-order sideband signal v (t-2) output by M1f-1(t),vf+1(t) intensity-modulating to obtain a set of intensity-modulated output signals E 'at the output end'1,E′2,E′3,E′4The fourth Mach-Zehnder modulator M4 outputs a first-order sideband signal v (t-3 △ t) to the microwave signal v (t-3 △ t) received by R4 and the first-order sideband signal v output by M1f-1(t),vf+1(t) intensity modulation is carried out, and a group of output signals E' with intensity modulated are obtained at the output end1,E″2,E″3,E″4(ii) a Only one target signal with the frequency f exists in each group of output signals, and the finally measured optical power is the optical power of the target signal;
step 5) C1, C2 and C3 respectively measure the optical power of the carrier frequency signal:
since only the optical power of the target signal with frequency f in each set of output signals needs to be measured, each set of carrier frequency signal measurement units needs to be optically measuredA Bessel optical filter is added in front of the power meter to filter out signals with frequencies not f. Wherein, the first Bessel optical filter B1 in the first carrier frequency signal measurement unit C1 modulates the intensity of the M2 group of output signals E1,E2,E3,E4Filtering to obtain a first output signal with frequency f, and measuring optical power P of the first output signal by a first optical power meter W11(ii) a A set of output signals E 'after M3 is intensity-modulated by the second Bessel optical filter B2 in the second carrier frequency signal measurement unit C2'1,E′2,E′3,E′4Filtering to obtain a second output signal with the frequency of the carrier frequency f, and measuring the optical power P of the second output signal by a second optical power meter W22(ii) a A group of output signals E' after the intensity modulation of M4 by a third Bessel optical filter B3 in a third carrier frequency signal measurement unit C31,E″2,E″3,E″4Filtering to obtain a third output signal with the frequency of the carrier frequency f, and measuring the optical power P of the third output signal by a third optical power meter W33；
Step 6) calculating an actual observation vector and carrying out noise suppression on the actual observation vector:
(6a) since the microwave signal has been represented in the form of an optical signal from the electrical signal by the mach-zehnder modulator, the optical power P through the first output signal1And the optical power P of the second output signal2Quotient Q of1And the optical power P of the first output signal1And the optical power P of the third output signal3As the quotient data Q2The actual observation vector Y can be calculated:
Y＝[Q1,Q2]T
wherein [ ·]TRepresenting a transpose;
(6b) in order to reduce the search step length and improve the estimation precision, the angle interval [0 DEG, 180 DEG ] of the direction of arrival angle theta of the microwave signal v (t)]At least 1000 parts by
Figure BDA0002528209360000071
And
Figure BDA0002528209360000072
remodeling the actual observation vector Y to obtain an actual observation vector Y' after noise suppression:
Figure BDA0002528209360000073
wherein
Figure BDA0002528209360000074
Is a sparse representation coefficient vector of (1-p),
Figure BDA0002528209360000075
a matrix of dimension 2 × 1000 is shown,
Figure BDA0002528209360000076
Figure BDA0002528209360000081
Figure BDA0002528209360000082
Figure BDA0002528209360000083
Figure BDA0002528209360000084
step 7), in order to improve the accuracy of estimating the direction of arrival angle, a formula of a convex optimization problem is adopted, the corresponding direction of arrival angle θ of the microwave signal to be measured v (t) is calculated to be 60 ° through Y', and a simulation result shows that the error between the obtained signal frequency and the actually set microwave signal frequency is 0, wherein the formula of the convex optimization problem is as follows:
Figure BDA0002528209360000085
wherein | · | purple1Represents 1-norm, | · | non-woven phosphor2Representing a 2-norm, representing an arbitrarily small number.

Claims (2)

1. A method for estimating the direction of arrival angle of a single microwave signal based on microwave photons is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) constructing a microwave photonic system S:
constructing a microwave photonic system S, which comprises a first Mach-Zehnder modulator M1, and a second Mach-Zehnder modulator M2, a third Mach-Zehnder modulator M3 and a fourth Mach-Zehnder modulator M4 which are connected with the output end of the M1 in parallel; two input ends of the first Mach-Zehnder modulator M1 are respectively connected with a first receiving antenna unit R1 and a laser signal source L; the input ends of the second mach-zehnder modulator M2, the third mach-zehnder modulator M3 and the fourth mach-zehnder modulator M4 are respectively connected with a second receiving antenna unit R2, a third receiving antenna unit R3 and a fourth receiving antenna unit R4, the output ends of the second mach-zehnder modulator M2, the third mach-zehnder modulator M3 and the fourth mach-zehnder modulator M4 are respectively connected with a first carrier frequency signal measuring unit C1, a second carrier frequency signal measuring unit C2 and a third carrier frequency signal measuring unit C3 in a cascade mode, wherein the first carrier frequency signal measuring unit C1 is formed by connecting a first bessel optical filter B1 and a first optical power meter W1 in a series mode, the second carrier frequency signal measuring unit C2 is formed by connecting a second bessel optical filter B2 and a second optical power meter W2 in a series mode, the third carrier frequency signal measuring unit C3 is formed by connecting a third bessel optical filter B3 and a third optical power meter W3 in a series mode, and the optical carrier frequency of a;
(2) the four receiving antenna units receive the microwave signals to be detected of a single direction of arrival angle:
the receiving antenna units R1, R2, R3 and R4 respectively receive microwave signals v (t), v (t- △ t), v (t-2 △ t) and v (t-3 △ t) with frequency f' and the direction angle of arrival to be measured being theta, wherein
Figure FDA0002528209350000011
c is the speed of light, d represents the distance between R1 and R2, R2 and R3, R3 and R4，d>0；
(3) The first mach-zehnder modulator M1 performs intensity modulation on the microwave signal and the optical carrier signal:
the first Mach-Zehnder modulator M1 receives the microwave signal v (t) of the single direction angle of arrival to be measured received by the R1 and the optical carrier signal v output by the laser signal source Lf(t) intensity modulation is carried out, and a group of first-order sideband signals v with frequencies of f-f 'and f + f' are obtained at the output endf-1(t),vf+1(t)；
(4) M2, M3, and M4 intensity modulate the received microwave signal and the first order sideband signal output by M1, respectively:
the second Mach-Zehnder modulator M2 outputs a first-order sideband signal v (t- △ t) to the microwave signal v (t- △ t) received by R2 and the first-order sideband signal v (t-V) output by M1f-1(t),vf+1(t) intensity modulation is carried out, and a group of output signals E after intensity modulation are obtained at the output end1,E2,E3,E4The third Mach-Zehnder modulator M3 outputs a first-order sideband signal v (t-2 △ t) to the microwave signal v (t-2 △ t) received by R3 and the first-order sideband signal v (t-2) output by M1f-1(t),vf+1(t) intensity-modulating to obtain a set of intensity-modulated output signals E 'at the output end'1,E'2,E'3,E'4The fourth Mach-Zehnder modulator M4 outputs a first-order sideband signal v (t-3 △ t) to the microwave signal v (t-3 △ t) received by R4 and the first-order sideband signal v output by M1f-1(t),vf+1(t) intensity modulation is carried out, and a group of output signals E' with intensity modulated are obtained at the output end "1,E”2,E”3,E”4；
(5) C1, C2, and C3 measure the carrier frequency signal optical power, respectively:
a set of output signals E after intensity modulation of M2 by a first bessel optical filter B1 in a first carrier frequency signal measurement unit C11,E2,E3,E4Filtering to obtain a first output signal with frequency f, and measuring optical power P of the first output signal by a first optical power meter W11(ii) a A set of output signals E 'after M3 is intensity-modulated by the second Bessel optical filter B2 in the second carrier frequency signal measurement unit C2'1,E'2,E'3,E'4Filtering to obtain frequencyA second output signal at a carrier frequency f, and an optical power P of the second output signal is measured by a second optical power meter W22(ii) a A third Bessel optical filter B3 in a third carrier frequency signal measurement unit C3 modulates the intensity of a group of output signals E of M4 "1,E”2,E”3,E”4Filtering to obtain a third output signal with the frequency of the carrier frequency f, and measuring the optical power P of the third output signal by a third optical power meter W33；
(6) Calculating and noise-suppressing the actual observation vector:
(6a) optical power P by first output signal1And the optical power P of the second output signal2Quotient Q of1And the optical power P of the first output signal1And the optical power P of the third output signal3As the quotient data Q2And calculating an actual observation vector Y:
Y＝[Q1,Q2]T
wherein [ ·]TRepresenting a transpose;
(6b) the angle interval [0 DEG, 180 DEG ] of the direction of arrival angle theta of the microwave signal v (t)]Divided into K parts on average by
Figure FDA0002528209350000021
And
Figure FDA0002528209350000022
remodeling the actual observation vector Y to obtain an actual observation vector Y' after noise suppression:
Figure FDA0002528209350000023
wherein
Figure FDA0002528209350000024
Is a sparse representation coefficient vector of (1-p),
Figure FDA0002528209350000025
representing a matrix with a dimension of 2 × K,
Figure FDA0002528209350000031
Figure FDA0002528209350000032
(7) and calculating the corresponding direction of arrival angle theta of the microwave signal v (t) to be detected by adopting a formula of a convex optimization problem and through Y'.
2. The method for estimating the direction of arrival angle of a single microwave signal based on microwave photons as claimed in claim 1, wherein the convex optimization problem in step (7) has the formula:
Figure FDA0002528209350000033
Figure FDA0002528209350000034
Figure FDA0002528209350000035
wherein | · | purple1Represents 1-norm, | · | non-woven phosphor2Denotes a 2-norm, which denotes an arbitrarily small number, and Ω denotes the angular frequency of the microwave signal v (t), and Ω is 2 π f'.
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