CN111690521A - Float microalgae culture system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a float microalgae culture system, which comprises a culture unit, a buffer unit, a circulation unit and an aeration unit, wherein the culture unit comprises a plurality of flexible transparent cylinder belts which are approximately horizontally arranged and used for containing culture solution and microalgae; the buffer unit comprises a container for receiving the culture solution and the microalgae discharged from the outlet end of the flexible transparent cylinder belt; the circulating unit is used for conveying the culture solution and the microalgae from the buffer unit to the inlet end of the flexible transparent cylinder belt; the aeration unit is used for inputting preset gas into the culture solution.

Description

Float microalgae culture system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of microalgae culture, in particular to a system for culturing microalgae by adopting a float method.

Background

Microalgae are the oldest organisms on earth and are currently one of the most important organisms on earth, fixing 40% of the carbon dioxide on earth. The microalgae has the advantages of rapid growth, high photosynthetic efficiency, rich protein content, and rich oil and other various nutritional ingredients, and can be used as health product, bait and feed for aquatic products, and can also be used for water pollution control. By culturing microalgae on a large scale, the import dependence of China on petroleum, soybean, fish meal feed and the like can be expected to be gradually relieved, and carbon emission is reduced.

The existing large-scale culture methods of microalgae mainly comprise two types, one type is closed culture, the microalgae is cultured under the conditions of basically manually controlled temperature, light intensity, photoperiod and circulation, and various photo-bioreactors such as a flat plate type photo-bioreactor, an inclined type photo-bioreactor, a vertical type photo-bioreactor and the like are provided. The other type is outdoor open culture, generally adopts an oval or round raceway pond, and has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, easy management, and the defects of easy influence of environmental factors, much water evaporation and low quality of microalgae production. In addition, by taking the mode of the fermentation tank for industrial microorganisms as a reference, heterotrophic culture of microalgae can be carried out, namely, the culture of the microalgae is carried out by utilizing sterile culture medium and control conditions and manually adding carbon sources.

In the last 60 th century, czech scientists proposed shallow culture methods, mainly culturing algae on an inclined table top, and the thickness of the culture solution is only a few millimeters, so that the microalgae can easily receive illumination, the density of the microalgae can be improved, the harvesting cost can be reduced, and the culture of the microalgae of 2000 square meters can be realized. But the construction cost is high, the technical requirement on the inclined table top is strong, the total yield is not obviously improved, and the like, so that the method is not popularized and applied. The utility model patent CN203530295U discloses a thin layer farming poly-generation system, wherein thin layer farming system has one and uses the flexible transparent bottom surface that acts as such as canopy membrane, building membrane or geomembrane, and the bottom surface both sides have the overflow weir, can set up the epiphragma that has the light transmissivity ability, and the epiphragma puts down or packs up through transmission, constitutes detachable closed or semi-closed chamber with the bottom surface when putting down, and this chamber is used for holding culture solution and little algae. The bottom surface is also provided with a mixing promoting structure to form turbulent flow in the culture thin layer, so that the longitudinal mixing of the algae liquid is facilitated, the light utilization rate is improved, in addition, the buffer tank for receiving the algae liquid, the water pump and the pipeline form a circulating system are arranged, and the algae liquid is conveyed to the bottom surface from the buffer tank through the water pump and the pipeline to form circulation. The system needs to be specially provided with an overflow weir, so that the construction amount is increased; to the large tracts of land breed, the span of epiphragma is big, and transmission sets up the difficulty, and the epiphragma of large tracts of land receives the influence of natural wind very easily, and is fixed not good, and the epiphragma has the risk of being blown away by wind, and simultaneously, the thickness of liquid layer is difficult to adjust in this system, is not convenient for adjust in real time along with little algae's growth. In addition, in seasons unsuitable for algae cultivation or after cultivation is completed, storage and site recovery of the system are inconvenient. The invention patent application CN102408983A discloses a bag-shaped photobioreactor, which is mainly characterized in that an intermittent connecting line is thermally sealed on a bag for dispersing aeration gas. The invention patent application CN102260629A discloses a plate-type photobioreactor, which has the defects of many welding points, complex structure and easy rupture, and as an improvement, the invention patent application CN 105219616A discloses a soft plate-type photobioreactor which improves the rupture resistance of a CN102260629A patent device, but still has the defects of many welding points, complex structure, large manufacturing difficulty, high cost and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a float microalgae culture system which is convenient to lay, good in impurity prevention effect, free of additional film covering operation and fixation, uniform and adjustable in liquid layer thickness, capable of quickly restoring a field to an original state for other use when not used, free of a complex structure inside, remarkably reduced in overall cost, low in technical level requirement on operators, capable of being used for large-area low-cost outdoor microalgae culture and high in popularization and application value.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a float microalgae culture system comprises a culture unit, a buffer unit, a circulation unit and an aeration unit, wherein the culture unit comprises a plurality of flexible transparent cylinder belts which are approximately horizontally arranged and used for containing culture solution and microalgae; the buffer unit comprises a container for receiving the culture solution and the microalgae discharged from the outlet end of the flexible transparent cylinder belt; the circulating unit is used for conveying the culture solution and the microalgae from the buffer unit to the inlet end of the flexible transparent cylinder belt; the aeration unit is used for inputting preset gas into the culture solution.

Preferably, the height of the second backing plate can be adjusted, and the disturbance device generates disturbance to the culture solution and the microalgae in the flexible transparent cylinder through the fluctuation of the height.

Preferably, a temperature sensor and a dissolved oxygen sensor are arranged in the flexible transparent barrel and connected with a control unit, and the control unit controls the opening and closing or the flow of the circulating unit and adjusts the height of the second base plate according to a temperature signal and a dissolved oxygen signal.

Preferably, the flexible transparent cylindrical belt is an agricultural plastic film cylindrical belt, and the thickness of the flexible transparent cylindrical belt is less than 0.1 mm; the first backing plate and the second backing plate are cushion blocks, cuboid backing plates, backing plates formed by overlapping a plurality of gaskets, or rotatable backing rods.

Preferably: the rotatable cushion rod comprises a support and a rotating shaft arranged on the support, the cushion rod is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, and the height of the outlet end of the flexible transparent barrel belt, which covers the cushion rod, can be changed when the cushion rod rotates along with the rotating shaft.

Preferably, a plurality of the flexible transparent cylindrical belts are laid on the ground plane and the roof plane side by side, and after being laid, culture solution and microalgae are filled in the flexible transparent cylindrical belts, wherein the flattening width of the flexible transparent cylindrical belts is 0.5-20 m, and the thickness of a liquid layer of the culture solution is not more than 10 cm; the buffer unit also comprises a water chute arranged at the outlet end of the flexible transparent cylinder, the water chute guides the culture solution and the microalgae into the container, and the container is a water containing tank.

Preferably, the circulation unit comprises a water pump, and the water pump is connected with the container and is connected with the inlet end of the flexible transparent cylindrical belt through a pipeline.

Preferably, the area of the flexible transparent cylindrical belt is more than 10 square meters.

Preferably, the aeration unit comprises an aeration pump, and the aeration pump blows preset gas into the flexible transparent barrel belt or the container through a pipeline, wherein the preset gas is air or gas rich in carbon dioxide.

Preferably, the disturbance device comprises a disturbance support, a disturbance roller is arranged on the disturbance support, and four symmetrical arc-shaped protrusions and arc-shaped grooves are sequentially arranged on the surface of the disturbance roller.

The invention provides a floating microalgae culture system, wherein the floating process is defined as a plane open and shallow culture method (FOS), in the technical scheme, a closed cavity is not formed by combining a bottom surface, an overflow weir and a cover film, but a thin culture space with two open ends and a closed side wall is directly formed by adopting a flexible transparent tube belt, and the thin culture space can be quickly realized by adopting an agricultural plastic film tube belt. Through setting up first backing plate and second backing plate and setting up the difference in height, both can reserve the culture solution in flexible transparent cylinder, also can highly change the liquid layer thickness in the section of thick bamboo through adjusting the backing plate, little algae concentration low, the transmittance is high at the initial stage of cultivateing, can make the backing plate height higher this moment, the water layer is some deeply, guarantees sufficient daylighting degree, guarantees that little algae's growth is required, and darker water layer still is favorable to the stability of temperature. When little algae concentration increase, when the transmittance is low, can reduce the exit end backing plate, reduce liquid layer thickness, be favorable to the printing opacity, the shallow water layer is favorable to the quick lift of temperature, brings the convenience for temperature regulation. The disturbance is applied outside the flexible transparent cylinder belt, so that a complex structure can be prevented from being arranged in the cylinder belt, the structure is simplified, and the cost is reduced. Different microalgae individuals can be shielded from light alternately by disturbing and fully utilizing position change in microalgae flow, so that the light-dark alternate condition required by microalgae growth is met. In the seasons when one round of cultivation is finished or microalgae is not suitable to be cultivated, such as winter in the north with low air temperature, the flexible transparent cylinder belt can be quickly retracted and the field can be restored to the original state. Therefore, the microalgae culture system has the advantages of convenience in construction, low cost, high stability, low technical threshold requirement and the like, and can be popularized and applied outdoors in a large area.

High cost is a bottleneck in the development of the microalgae industry, and cost reduction is a target which is always pursued in the field for decades. The invention skillfully utilizes the agricultural plastic barrel bag with low price to realize impurity prevention, reduce water volatilization, control temperature and culture solution circulation, avoids the work of building a platform, arranging a cofferdam, additionally arranging a cover film and the like and complicated internal structures in the prior art, can be used for low-cost large-area outdoor culture of microalgae, and can ensure that the expanded microalgae culture scale has higher operability.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a rotatable pad bar in a rotated state;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of another rotational position of the rotatable bolster;

FIG. 4 is a side view of a flexible transparent web in a laid condition;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a system employing spacers to support a flexible transparent web;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a perturbation apparatus;

FIG. 7 is a partial photograph of an initial stage of culturing microalgae using the present system;

FIG. 8 is a partial photograph of microalgae cultured in the later stage using the system.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

as shown in the attached figures 1 to 8, the microalgae cultivation system comprises a cultivation unit 1, a buffer unit 2, a circulation unit 3 and an aeration unit 4, wherein the culture unit 1 is one or more flexible transparent cylindrical belts 101 which are laid in parallel approximately horizontally, a first cushion plate 103 is padded at the lower side of an inlet end 105 of the flexible transparent cylindrical belt 101, a second cushion plate 102 is padded at the lower side of an outlet end 104, the first cushion plate 103 is higher than the second cushion plate 102 by 5-10 cm, thus, both ends of the flexible transparent cylindrical belt 101 are respectively lapped on the first base plate 103 and the second base plate 102, a chamber capable of containing the culture solution and the microalgae is formed inside the flexible transparent cylindrical belt 101, and the upper portion lateral wall of flexible transparent cylinder area 101 can cover the liquid level, both prevents the evaporation of water, blocks falling into of dust, filth etc. again, promotes the cleanliness of breeding, still has certain gas tightness, can slow down the volatilization of carbon dioxide. The flexible transparent tubular belt is agricultural plastic film belt, and is widely used in agricultural field, and has flattening width of 0.5-20 m and thickness below 0.1mm, and the product is rolled and cut according to the requirement of cultivation length. The first backing plate 103 and the second backing plate 102 can be cuboid wood plates, a plurality of agricultural plastic film tube belts are parallelly laid on a flat ground, a roof plane or even a floating platform built on the water surface in use, the first backing plate and the second backing plate are respectively laid on two sides of the inlet end 105 and the outlet end 104, then culture solution and seed microalgae are put in, after the cell is filled with the culture solution and the microalgae, the culture solution and the microalgae are continuously added at the inlet end 105, and then uniformly flow out at the outlet end 104 and are led into the buffer unit 2, and then are conveyed back to the inlet end through the circulating unit 3 to form circulation. The disturbance device 106 is arranged between the first base plate 103 and the second base plate 104 and is arranged below the flexible transparent cylinder belt, and the liquid in the flexible transparent cylinder belt 101 is disturbed through the constantly changing height, so that the culture solution is stirred, the positions of microalgae cell individuals are changed up and down, light can be alternately emitted or shielded, and light and dark alternation is realized, so that the light requirement condition and the light shading condition in the microalgae growth process can be well met. In one embodiment, the disturbing device includes a disturbing bracket 107, a disturbing roller 108 is disposed on the disturbing bracket 107, an arc-shaped groove and an arc-shaped protrusion are disposed on the surface of the disturbing roller 108, and the disturbing roller 108 is disposed at intervals, for example, two arc-shaped protrusions 109 and two arc-shaped grooves 110 are symmetrically disposed, or three arc-shaped protrusions and three arc-shaped grooves are symmetrically disposed. Therefore, when the disturbing roller is driven by the motor to rotate, the height of the surface changes, so that the liquid in the flexible transparent barrel can be disturbed up and down. During the culture process, air or gas rich in carbon dioxide (rich means that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the gas is higher than that of air) is fed into the culture solution through the aeration unit 4 to supplement carbon source required for the growth of microalgae. This system has both avoided setting up the operation and the transmission of epiphragma through adopting the flexible transparent section of thick bamboo area that has integrated into one piece's cylindric lateral wall and the backing plate of cooperation both sides, has ingeniously formed the thin layer cell room that holds culture solution and little algae, has still played the effect that covers the foul, prevents the moisture loss. Simultaneously this system need not the construction and sets up the overflow weir and just can inject the culture solution in the section of thick bamboo area inside because the cylindric lateral wall in section of thick bamboo area, has simplified the construction greatly, has practiced thrift the cost, because section of thick bamboo area integrated into one piece still has good toughness and fastness, can effectively prevent the disturbance influence that the wind blows. The disturbance device is arranged below the flexible transparent cylinder belt, so that the defects of complicated manufacturing process and easy cracking of the cylinder belt caused by arrangement of a complex structure in the flexible transparent cylinder belt are avoided. The disturbance device adopts the form that the arc-shaped protrusion and the arc-shaped groove are combined, so that not only can the liquid in the film cylinder belt be fully disturbed, but also the smooth transition can be realized, and the film cylinder belt is prevented from being scraped. When the microalgae is cultured, the transparent cylindrical belt can enable sunlight or an artificial light source to smoothly enter the culture solution to be absorbed and utilized by the microalgae, and can also maintain and properly raise the temperature of the culture solution to prolong the season of outdoor culture. Use this system, the area of flexible transparent barrel area 101 can be according to the place nimble setting, can be little to below one metre, also can be several mu, tens mu or even hundreds of mu ground and lay, can carry out large tracts of land, large-scale outdoor little algae cultivation, and this technique has effectively solved drawbacks such as with high costs, the construction is loaded down with trivial details that traditional cultivation technique exists, and popularization and application has maneuverability.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the height of the second pad 102 located at the lower side of the outlet end 104 is adjustable, so that the liquid layer thickness of the culture solution can be adjusted by adjusting the height of the second pad 102, thereby better satisfying the requirement of microalgae growth. For example, as a simple, easy to operate embodiment, when the above-mentioned rectangular solid plank of adoption is as the backing plate, this plank length direction is parallel with section of thick bamboo area opening direction, and the height and the width size of plank are different, and when highly perpendicular ground was placed like this and when the perpendicular ground of width was placed, can be out of the not co-altitude with the exit end pad of section of thick bamboo area, the liquid layer of the inside just has two depths, when solar radiation was not enough, adopts the little liquid layer thickness of the degree of depth, is convenient for enlarge the extinction of liquid layer in the section of thick bamboo area, makes the temperature improve as early as possible. When the sun irradiation is strong, the liquid layer with larger depth can be adopted, which is beneficial to better controlling the temperature and better maintaining the temperature of the culture solution in a proper range. For more precise pad height selection, the second pad 102 may be formed by detachably combining a plurality of pads, and the pad combination is reduced when the height needs to be reduced, and the pad combination is increased when the height needs to be increased. As a more preferable embodiment, the second pad 102 of the outlet end 104 may adopt a mechanical adjustment mechanism, such as a rotating shaft 1022 disposed on the support 1021, and a pad bar 1023 parallel to the rotating shaft is fixedly disposed on the rotating shaft 1022, and the pad bar 1023 will raise the height of the outlet end 104 when rotating upward along with the rotating shaft 1022. For the hoisting device is automatic, set up temperature and dissolved oxygen sensor in flexible transparent cylinder area 101, the temperature and the dissolved oxygen of monitoring culture solution, and with signal transmission to the control unit, the control unit receives the signal after, through with the threshold value comparison of predetermineeing, and control motor drive pivot 1022 rotates, thereby turn up or turn down second backing plate 102, also can control opening and shutting of water pump or even flow, and then change the culture solution liquid layer thickness, with better regulation temperature and release oxygen in it. In the above culture process, the depth of the culture solution is generally not more than 10 cm.

In one embodiment, the buffer unit 2 includes a water chute 201 and a water containing tank 202, the water chute may also be a water conduit, specifically, the water outlet end 104 of each flexible transparent tubular belt 101 is connected to the water chute 201, and the water chute 201 may be a water chute made of a hard plastic material or a metal, or a water channel dug in the ground and subjected to anti-leakage treatment, such as adding a waterproof layer, laying an anti-seepage film in the water channel, and the like. The water chute 201 guides the received culture solution into the water containing tank 202 from one end or both ends, and the water containing tank 202 is used as a container, which may be a plastic or metal container, or a space dug on the ground downwards for anti-leakage treatment. Generally hold the basin 202 and be less than the height of flexible transparent barrel area 101, like this the culture solution can rely on gravity to flow in naturally holding the basin, saves the cost, holds the basin 202 also can be higher than flexible transparent barrel area 101, and in lifting device such as water pump promoted the culture solution from the aqueduct to holding the basin, generally can set up the culture solution space of keeping in this moment in the aqueduct to in order to assemble liquid and promote.

In one embodiment, the circulation unit 3 includes a pipeline 302 and a water pump 301, the water pump 301 may be directly placed in the water containing tank 202 (or may be connected to the water containing tank through a pipeline 302), and is connected to the inlet end 105 of the flexible transparent tubular belt 101 through a pipeline 302, specifically, a plurality of tee joints 303 may be disposed on the pipeline 302, an opening of each tee joint 303 corresponds to an opening of the flexible transparent tubular belt 101, the culture solution flows into the chamber space of the flexible transparent tubular belt to be converged, and flows outwards into the water guiding tank 201 after rising above the second pad plate 102, and forms a circulation. In the case where the water storage tank 202 is higher than the flexible transparent cylindrical belt 101, a water pump is required to lift the culture solution in the water guide tank 201 to the water storage tank 202, and the culture solution is distributed from the water storage tank 202 to each flexible transparent cylindrical belt 101 only by driving by a pressure difference.

In one embodiment, the aeration unit 4 is an aeration pump or a gas-filled steel cylinder that feeds air or a carbon dioxide-rich gas into the culture solution in the water holding tank 202 or the flexible transparent cylindrical belt 101 to provide a carbon source for microalgae.

Fig. 7 and 8 are photographs showing a situation that microalgae is cultivated by using the system, fig. 7 is a state during initial cultivation, and fig. 8 is a state at a later stage of cultivation when the microalgae grows in large quantities, so that the system can be used for cultivating the microalgae well, and has the advantages of low cost and high yield.

When the system is used for culturing microalgae, the types of microalgae cells are not limited, and the microalgae cells can be microalgae with any useful value, preferably chlorella, scenedesmus, diatom, oocystis, chlamydomonas and the like; the components of the culture solution are not limited as long as the culture solution can provide culture components for the growth of microalgae, and the culture solution can be a common TAP culture medium, a BG11 culture medium, a BMM culture medium, an F/2 culture medium and the like; the form of the light source is not limited.

As can be seen from the above embodiments, the advantages of the present system include:

1. the construction cost is low:

site: the method can be used for idle farmlands or even saline-alkali lands, the field is approximately flat or partially flat, and the field does not need to be greatly changed.

A rack: in the prior art, a shelf for supporting a culture system is often required to be built, and compared with the shelf for supporting the culture system, the cost of digging downwards or raising the buffer pool is much lower, and the maintenance is easier.

Plastic tube bags: the cultivation system is common agricultural data, has various widths, thicknesses and materials, has much lower construction cost than the existing cultivation system, and can be paved by existing devices or even automatic machines;

setting up time: the construction can be completed in a short time.

And (3) recovering: the field is easy to recover after the culture is finished, and the field can be used temporarily.

The agricultural plastic barrel bag is processed in factory, has good sun resistance, and can be used for a long time (at least one year). The ready-made agricultural plastic cylinder bag is used for cultivating the microalgae, the application range of the plastic cylinder bag is also expanded, and the plastic cylinder bag can be improved on the basis of the application range, so that the plastic cylinder bag is more suitable for the specific requirements of microalgae cultivation.

Compared with a soft plate type photobioreactor, the film tube belt of the system has no complex structure inside, and the defects of welding at multiple positions, easy breakage and the like do not exist, so that a thinner film material can be adopted, and the material cost and the manufacturing process cost are reduced.

2. The technical threshold is low: the whole device is simple in operation process and low in technical threshold, and can be mastered by ordinary people with little training.

3. The application range is wide: various grounds, roofs, roads, vacant lands, saline-alkali lands, desert lands, water surfaces and the like can be built, and the method can be applied in a large scale (hundreds of mu or more).

4. The utilization rate of natural resources is high: the utilization ratio to illumination is high, and usable buffer unit cools down in summer, and usable culture unit heats up in winter, and tolerance to temperature is high, the utilization ratio is high, generally does not need artifical extra heating or cooling. Just like traditional crops, the float algae cultivation mainly depends on natural light to provide energy, and is a real green cultivation.

5. The regulation and control are flexible: the depth, flow rate, temperature and the like of the cultured water layer are easy to regulate and control.

6. The expansibility is strong: the area is easy to expand, can be from 1 square meter to tens of thousands of acres, and the mode is easy to copy.

7. Is not easily subjected to other environmental conditions: although the system is an open system, the main part is isolated from the outside, outside impurities do not enter the culture system, and the whole system is slightly influenced by the environment.

8. Most of the water surface is not exposed in the air, the water volatilization is less, and the utilization rate of the water resource is high.

9. The plastic bags filled with culture solution have self-fixing ability, can resist general wind and rain invasion, and do not need additional fixing and maintenance, and the support, the fixing and the daily maintenance of the culture system in the prior art are relatively high in cost.

10. The plastic barrel bag can keep certain air tightness, the filled carbon dioxide can be allowed to stay for a longer time, and the utilization rate of the carbon dioxide can be improved.

The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the concept and implementation of the present invention, and are not restrictive, and technical solutions that are not substantially changed under the concept of the present invention are still within the scope of protection.

Claims (10)

1. A float microalgae culture system comprises a culture unit, a buffer unit, a circulation unit and an aeration unit, and is characterized in that: the culture unit comprises a plurality of flexible transparent cylinder belts which are approximately horizontally arranged and used for containing culture solution and microalgae, a first base plate is arranged on the lower side of an inlet end of each flexible transparent cylinder belt, a second base plate is arranged on the lower side of an outlet end of each flexible transparent cylinder belt, the first base plate is higher than the second base plate, a disturbance device is arranged between the first base plate and the second base plate, and the disturbance device is positioned below the flexible transparent cylinder belts; the buffer unit comprises a container for receiving the culture solution and the microalgae discharged from the outlet end of the flexible transparent cylinder belt; the circulating unit is used for conveying the culture solution and the microalgae from the buffer unit to the inlet end of the flexible transparent cylinder belt; the aeration unit is used for inputting preset gas into the culture solution.

2. The float microalgae cultivation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the height of the second mat is adjustable, and the disturbance device generates disturbance to the culture solution and microalgae in the flexible transparent cylinder by the fluctuation of the height.

3. The float microalgae cultivation system as claimed in claim 2, wherein a temperature sensor and a dissolved oxygen sensor are provided in the flexible transparent cylinder, the temperature sensor and the dissolved oxygen sensor are connected with a control unit, and the control unit controls the opening and closing or the flow of the circulation unit and adjusts the height of the second pad according to the temperature signal and the dissolved oxygen signal.

4. The float microalgae cultivation system of claim 1, wherein the flexible transparent cylindrical belt is an agricultural plastic film cylindrical belt with a thickness of less than 0.1 mm; the first backing plate and the second backing plate are cushion blocks, cuboid backing plates, backing plates formed by overlapping a plurality of gaskets, or rotatable backing rods.

5. The float microalgae cultivation system of claim 4, wherein: the rotatable cushion rod comprises a support and a rotating shaft arranged on the support, the cushion rod is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft, and the height of the outlet end of the flexible transparent barrel belt, which covers the cushion rod, can be changed when the cushion rod rotates along with the rotating shaft.

6. The float microalgae cultivation system according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of the flexible transparent cylindrical belts are laid side by side on a ground level, a roof level or a water surface floating platform, and are filled with the culture solution and the microalgae after being laid, the flattening width of the flexible transparent cylindrical belts is 0.5-20 m, and the thickness of the liquid layer of the culture solution is not more than 10 cm; the buffer unit also comprises a water chute arranged at the outlet end of the flexible transparent cylinder, the water chute guides the culture solution and the microalgae into the container, and the container is a water containing tank.

7. The float microalgae cultivation system of claim 1, wherein the circulation unit comprises a water pump connected to the container and connected to the inlet end of the flexible transparent cylindrical belt via a pipeline.

8. The float microalgae cultivation system of claim 1, wherein the flexible transparent cylindrical belt has an area greater than 10 square meters.

9. The float microalgae cultivation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aeration unit comprises an aeration pump, and the aeration pump blows a preset gas into the flexible transparent cylinder belt or the container through a pipeline, and the preset gas is air or a gas rich in carbon dioxide.

10. The float microalgae culture system of claim 2, wherein the disturbance device comprises a disturbance bracket, a disturbance roller is arranged on the disturbance bracket, and four symmetrical arc-shaped protrusions and arc-shaped grooves are sequentially arranged on the surface of the disturbance roller.

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