CN111689499B - Uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln - Google Patents
Uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln Download PDFInfo
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- CN111689499B CN111689499B CN202010600993.1A CN202010600993A CN111689499B CN 111689499 B CN111689499 B CN 111689499B CN 202010600993 A CN202010600993 A CN 202010600993A CN 111689499 B CN111689499 B CN 111689499B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/39—Apparatus for the preparation thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/336—Preparation characterised by gaseous activating agents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln, and belongs to the field of activated carbon. The uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln comprises a kiln main body, a feeding mechanism, a diversion stirring mechanism, a water seal mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a hot blast stove, wherein the feeding mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the kiln main body; the kiln main body mainly comprises a kiln upper cover and a kiln lower body, the kiln lower body mainly comprises a hot blast stove body, a hot blast stove shell and a lower body shell fixedly connected with the hot blast stove body, and the diversion stirring mechanism is connected in the lower body shell; the invention has the stirring function and the function of conveying the activating agent, the diversion stirring paddles rotate to the place where the activating agent is conveyed, the diversion stirring paddles are uniformly distributed in the material layers, the two-meter-thick activating material layers are simultaneously stirred from inside to outside and simultaneously heated and contacted with the activating agent, the activation is uniform, the specific surface area of the activated carbon is large, the activation time is shortened, and the single machine productivity is large.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of activated carbon, in particular to a uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln.
Background
The existing active carbon production equipment in the current market comprises equipment of a physical method and chemical method, wherein the equipment of the physical method comprises the following steps: (1) the Sijeep activation kiln has good product quality, an iodine value of 1050 and a yield of 24 hours of 4 tons, but the investment is large, each kiln needs more than 400 ten thousand, the furnace starting and the stopping are difficult, the cost is high, and the volatile components of carbonized materials are strictly required; (2) the integrated furnace has poor quality of the produced product and the actual iodine value is about 700-800; (3) the rake type furnace has the advantages of low investment and good product quality, but the productivity is low by 200 kg for 5 hours for a single machine, and only one ton can be produced even for 24 hours by a mechanical rake, so that the energy consumption is high and the labor intensity is high; (4) the rotary kiln has high energy consumption, large investment and multiple faults. Aiming at the defects of the equipment, the invention provides a novel uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln for producing active carbon.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln comprises a kiln main body, a feeding mechanism, a diversion stirring mechanism, a water seal mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a hot blast stove, wherein the feeding mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the kiln main body;
the kiln main body mainly comprises a kiln upper cover and a kiln lower body, the kiln lower body mainly comprises a hot blast stove body, a hot blast stove shell and a lower body shell fixedly connected with the hot blast stove body, and the diversion stirring mechanism is connected in the lower body shell;
the diversion stirring mechanism mainly comprises an ascending header outer shell, an ascending header inner shell, an ascending header body, a main shaft inner sleeve, a main shaft outer sleeve and a main shaft water jacket, wherein a plurality of connecting plates are arranged on the main shaft inner sleeve and the main shaft outer sleeve, a sealing lower bottom plate is welded at the bottom of the main shaft inner sleeve, and a lower cone bottom is welded at the bottom of the main shaft outer sleeve in a sealing way to form an annular main shaft water jacket;
the gasification agent blocking plate is welded at the middle upper part in the main shaft inner sleeve, the stirring paddle component is welded at the middle lower part of the main shaft inner sleeve and the main shaft outer sleeve, the stirring paddle component comprises a first layer of stirring paddles, a second layer of stirring paddles, a third layer of stirring paddles, a fourth layer of stirring paddles, a fifth layer of stirring paddles and a sixth layer of stirring paddles, activating agent guide grooves are formed in the first layer of stirring paddles, the second layer of stirring paddles and the third layer of stirring paddles, and the cross section area of the activating agent guide grooves in the first layer of stirring paddles, the second layer of stirring paddles and the third layer of stirring paddles is larger than the cross section area of the activating agent guide grooves in the fourth layer of stirring paddles, the fifth layer of stirring paddles and the sixth layer of stirring paddles.
Preferably, the main shaft outer sleeve is further provided with a cooling water channel inlet, the main shaft inner sleeve and the main shaft outer sleeve are further communicated and welded with a tributary activator inlet, the ascending header body is provided with a cooling water channel outlet, and the stirring paddle assembly is connected between the cooling water channel inlet and the cooling water channel outlet.
Preferably, a baffle plate is welded on the stirring paddle assembly, the baffle plate is made of high-temperature resistant materials, the baffle plate is welded on the side surface of the stirring paddle assembly, and two ends of the baffle plate are not inserted into the ascending header body and the main shaft jacket;
the lifting box body is provided with a ventilation pipe which is penetrated and welded with the lifting box outer shell and the lifting box inner shell, and the ventilation pipe corresponds to the tail end of the activating agent diversion trench; a supporting water pipe is welded between adjacent lifting header bodies, the supporting water pipe is communicated with the lifting header bodies, and a header bottom plate is arranged at the bottoms of the lifting header bodies;
preferably, one end of the main shaft water jacket inserted into the hot blast stove body is provided with three main flow activator inlets which are uniformly distributed, the lower cone bottom is provided with a water tank pipe, the water tank pipe is connected with the lower cone bottom through a rotary joint, the water tank pipe is provided with a blow-off pipe, and one end of the water tank pipe far away from the lower cone bottom is connected with a water tank;
the lower part of the main shaft water jacket is provided with a main shaft lower part limiting sliding sleeve, the bottoms of the main shaft lower part limiting sliding sleeve and the main shaft outer sleeve are provided with bottom water seal grooves, and the bottom water seal grooves consist of a water seal outer sleeve, a water seal partition board, a water seal bottom plate and a water seal inner sleeve.
Preferably, the bottom of the kiln main body is provided with four supporting legs, and the kiln upper cover mainly comprises an upper cover refractory material, an upper cover plate, an upper slideway, a positioning ring, a ratchet wheel, a pawl and a steam box body; the steam box comprises a steam box body, a ratchet wheel, an upper cover plate, an upper slideway, a lower slideway, a positioning ring, a pawl and a ratchet wheel, wherein the steam box body is internally provided with liquid, the ratchet wheel and the upper cover plate are integrally formed, the lower part of the upper cover plate is welded with the upper slideway, the upper slideway slides and falls on the lower slideway, the bottom of the ratchet wheel is also provided with the positioning ring, and the pawl is matched with the ratchet wheel;
the lower slideway is welded with a support ring and a plurality of support ribs, the upper ends of the support ring and the support ribs are welded with a rotary water seal tank bottom plate, the bottom of the rotary water seal tank bottom plate is welded with triangular ribs, the bottom of the lower slideway is also provided with a water seal tank body, and the water seal tank body consists of a rotary water seal tank partition plate, a rotary water seal tank jacket and a rotary water seal tank bottom plate.
Preferably, the steam box body comprises upper cover side round plate, steam box water seal groove overcoat, steam box water seal groove endotheca, steam box water seal groove baffle and steam box lid, the welding has three hot-blast furnace steam pipe on the steam box lid, be equipped with the steam chamber on the steam box body, still be equipped with annular cooling water entry and collector steam outlet in the steam box body, the steam box lid is equipped with steam box steam outlet, be connected with hot-blast furnace steam pipe on the steam box steam outlet, hot-blast furnace steam pipe connection hot-blast furnace steam inlet.
Preferably, the kiln lower body comprises a kiln bottom refractory material, a lower body shell, a kiln lower body heat insulation material and a kiln lower body refractory material, wherein the kiln lower body is provided with a lower thermocouple and an upper thermocouple, and the kiln lower body is also provided with a raw material inlet and a hot air outlet.
Preferably, the feeding mechanism comprises a raw material inlet, a screw feeder and a feeding box, and a gravity sealing valve is arranged on the discharging end face of the screw feeder.
Preferably, the discharging mechanism comprises a scraping plate welded at the lower part of the main shaft jacket, a discharging hole, a storage bin and a spiral discharging machine, and a discharging machine gravity valve is arranged at the end part of the spiral discharging machine.
Preferably, the hot blast stove comprises a bottom shell, a furnace bottom heat insulation material, a furnace bottom refractory material, a hot blast stove shell, a kiln bottom refractory material and an upper shell, wherein a flame inlet, a gas burner, a hot blast stove thermocouple, a steam inlet and a main flow activator inlet are arranged on the hot blast stove body.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln, which has the following beneficial effects:
1. when the uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln is used, firstly carbonized materials with the granularity of 0.5-16 mm or raw materials soaked by medicaments are input into a feed box by a screw feeder, a discharge hole of the screw feeder is inserted into the feed box and is sealed and welded, a gravity sealing valve is arranged on the discharge end face of the screw feeder, when the screw feeder feeds, the gravity sealing valve is automatically jacked by the raw materials, when the screw feeder stops feeding, the gravity sealing valve falls by dead weight to seal an outlet of the screw feeder, and the kiln main body is supported on the ground by four supporting legs; the kiln lower body comprises kiln bottom refractory material, lower body shell, lower body heat preservation material, lower body refractory material, is equipped with raw materials entry and hot-blast export on the kiln lower body, and hot-blast export's high temperature hot-blast, and a part is used for hot-blast furnace body cyclic utilization, and unnecessary another part is connected this system outer exhaust-heat boiler and is utilized, and the kiln upper cover comprises upper cover refractory material, upper cover plate, ratchet, last slide, retainer plate etc. the ratchet is as an organic whole with the upper cover plate, and upper cover plate outer edge lower part welding has an upper slide, the upper slide falls on the lower slide sliding fit, is spacing by the retainer plate, and it is rotatory by the pawl pulling ratchet, and the lower slide welds on retainer plate and a plurality of supporting tendons, and a plurality of supporting tendons lower extreme, welds on rotating water seal tank bottom board, and the welding has the triple coke muscle below the retainer plate with rotating water seal tank baffle, rotating water seal tank cover, rotating water seal tank bottom shaping water seal tank, the clearance to upper slide and lower slide realizes sealedly.
2. The uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln comprises a main shaft inner sleeve and a main shaft outer sleeve, wherein the upper part of the main shaft inner sleeve is welded and sealed by a plurality of connecting plates, the lower part of the main shaft outer sleeve is welded and sealed by a lower bottom plate to form an annular main shaft water jacket, six layers of guiding stirring paddles are welded at the middle lower part of the main shaft, the six layers of guiding stirring paddles are arranged from bottom to top, the guiding stirring paddles are uniformly distributed on each layer of plane, the plane clamping angle between the upper layer of stirring paddles and the lower layer of stirring paddles is equal to the cross section area of an activator guiding groove of the six layers of guiding stirring paddles, the cross section area of the activator guiding groove is large, the cross section area of a fourth layer of stirring paddle, a fifth layer of stirring paddle and a sixth layer of stirring paddle is small, a cooling water channel inlet is welded on the main shaft outer sleeve and communicated with the main shaft water jacket, the guiding stirring paddles are provided with a tributary activator inlet, the main shaft is communicated with the main shaft outer sleeve and the main shaft inner sleeve, isolated from the main shaft water jacket, communicated with the inner cavity of the main shaft inner sleeve, the outlet of the cooling water channel is communicated with the inner shell of the ascending box body, the diversion stirring paddle is inclined upwards by 7-20 degrees from the main shaft to the ascending box body, the diversion stirring paddle is welded with a baffle plate, the baffle plate is made of high-temperature resistant material, the baffle plate is welded on the side surface of the diversion stirring paddle, the two ends of the baffle plate are not inserted into the ascending box body and the main shaft outer sleeve, the ascending box body is formed by welding an ascending box outer shell, an ascending box inner shell and a box bottom plate, the ascending box inner shell is provided with an inclined surface along the rotating direction, the ascending box body is provided with a ventilation pipe, the ascending box outer shell and the ascending box inner shell are penetrated and welded, the inlet of the ventilation pipe corresponds to the tail end of an activator diversion groove, a supporting water pipe is welded between the adjacent part of the ascending box body, the inner cavity of the supporting water pipe is communicated with the inner cavity of the ascending box body, the inclination angle of the supporting water pipe is 7-20 degrees, the ventilation pipe is inclined downwards from inside to outside by 30-45 degrees, the main shaft water jacket is provided with three main flow activator inlets uniformly distributed in the hot blast stove, the main shaft water jacket penetrates through the narrow part of the hot blast stove body, and the main shaft lower part limiting sliding sleeve and the bottom rotating gap of the main shaft jacket are sealed by a bottom water seal groove;
the stirring operation flow of the activation kiln is as follows: the ratchet wheel is driven by the pawl to rotate, the ratchet wheel, the upper cover plate, the main shaft water jacket, the ascending header body and six layers of diversion stirring paddles are welded into a whole to jointly rotate, and the six layers of diversion stirring paddles realize stirring of the activated material in the inner cavity of the kiln; the flow of the cooling water of the activation kiln is as follows: the water in the steam box enters the main shaft water jacket through the annular cooling water inlet, enters the six layers of guide stirring paddle cooling water channel inlets respectively, enters the ascending header body through the guide stirring paddle cooling water channel, and the heated steam-water copolymer enters the steam chamber through the header steam outlet of the ascending header body, and the steam is input into the hot blast stove through the hot blast stove steam pipe to be used as an activating agent; the flow of the activating agent of the activating kiln is as follows: the external coal gas is burnt through a coal gas burner to heat the water vapor from a vapor inlet to a temperature above that of the water vapor, the water vapor enters the inner cavity of the main shaft inner sleeve, after the water vapor is intercepted by a gasifying agent blocking plate, an activating agent enters an activating agent diversion trench from a tributary activating agent inlet and is distributed into an activating material, the far end of the activating agent diversion trench corresponds to a vent pipe orifice, and the activating agent is sent to the activating material at the inner edge of the kiln so as to be activated uniformly; the discharging mechanism is rotated together by a scraping plate welded at the lower part of the main shaft sleeve, the activated material after activation is scraped into the discharging hole and falls into the storage bin, and then the activated material is output by a gravity valve of a discharging machine which is opened by the material top of the spiral discharging machine.
3. The activation temperature in the activation kiln is controlled as follows: when the active carbon is produced by adopting a physical method, the temperature of the inner cavity of the kiln main body is controlled to be 800-950 ℃, when the active carbon is produced by adopting a chemical method, the temperature of the inner cavity of the kiln main body is controlled to be-950 ℃, and when the active carbon is produced by adopting the chemical method, all components in the activation kiln are made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant steel, and water cooling is not adopted; the chemical method of the activation kiln comprises the following steps: all parts in the inner cavity of the kiln main body are made of acid and alkali corrosion resistant high temperature resistant steel materials, and the main shaft, the diversion stirring paddle and the ascending header body are removed from a cooling water channel without a water cooling system due to the fact that the activation temperature is intermediate between 450 ℃ and 500 ℃, and the structure is unchanged and is changed into a single layer.
4. The uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln has a scientific structure, can uniformly convey an activating agent to raw materials in the volume of the raw materials in the kiln through the multi-layer flow guiding stirring paddles while stirring, has high product quality, shortens the activation time, improves the unit time yield, invents a unique water cooling stirring structure, solves the problem that high-temperature heat-resistant steel is not suitable for working environments, provides the required water vapor activating agent while cooling water, does not need to put into other steam production equipment, and can produce ton of active carbon in a single machine in an hour. The invention has compact structure, small occupied area, 8m multiplied by 9m of the size of the Schlemen furnace, wide application range, low starting cost of the furnace, complete realization of intellectualization, and suitability for calcination and roasting of nonmetallic mineral products, and can be used for producing active carbon, powdery active carbon, active carbon regeneration, and the technical index of the active carbon can be adjusted arbitrarily.
The device has the stirring function and the function of conveying the activating agent, the diversion stirring paddles rotate to the place where the activating agent is conveyed, the diversion stirring paddles are uniformly distributed in the material layers, the two-meter-thick activated material layers are simultaneously stirred from inside to outside and heated and simultaneously contact with the activating agent, the activation is uniform, the specific surface area of the activated carbon is large, the activation time is shortened, and the single machine productivity is large.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall view of an activation kiln in front cross-section;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top cross-sectional view of an overall view of an activation kiln;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a support water connection;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a rotary water seal structure of the activation kiln;
FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of an activation kiln scraper arrangement;
FIG. 6 is a partially enlarged schematic cross-sectional view of a limiting sliding sleeve and a water seal tank at the lower part of a main shaft;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged schematic view of a front view of a deflector-paddle;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged schematic view of a front view of a deflector mixer paddle;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged schematic view of a cross-sectional end face of a diverter blade activator inlet;
FIG. 10 is an enlarged schematic diagram of a cross-sectional end face of a deflector vane activator deflector groove, a dam plate, and a cooling water flow path;
FIG. 11 is an enlarged schematic view of an end face of a scraper;
fig. 12 is an enlarged schematic view of the portion a in fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. a tributary activator inlet; 2. a cooling water channel inlet; 3. an activator diversion trench; 4. a cooling water channel outlet; 5. a bottom case; 6. a furnace bottom heat insulating material; 7. a hearth refractory; 8. a hot blast stove body; 9. a hot blast stove outer casing; 10. a flame inlet; 11. a gas burner; 12. thermocouple of hot-blast stove; 13. a kiln bottom refractory material; 14. a steam inlet; 15. an upper case; 16. a scraping plate; 17. a lower thermocouple; 18. a header base plate; 19. a first layer of stirring paddles; 20. a lower body housing; 21. a kiln lower body heat insulation material; 22. a kiln lower body refractory material; 23. a ventilation pipe; 24. a third layer of stirring paddles; 25. fifth layer stirring paddles; 26. ascending a header housing; 27. ascending the inner shell of the header; 28. ascending a header body; 29. an upper thermocouple; 30. a raw material inlet; 31. a screw feeder; 32. a gravity seal valve; 33. a feed box; 34. an upper cover side ring plate; 35. a water seal tank jacket of the steam box; 36. an inner sleeve of a water seal tank of the steam box; 37. partition board of water seal tank of steam box; 38. a cover of the gas tank; 39. a steam pipe of the hot blast stove; 40. a header steam outlet; 41. an upper cover refractory; 42. an upper cover plate; 43. a steam outlet of the steam box; 44. a gasifying agent blocking plate; 45. a connecting plate; 46. a main shaft inner sleeve; 47. a spindle jacket; 48. an annular cooling water inlet; 49. a liquid; 50. a steam chamber; 51. a support ring; 52. a glidepath; 53. a slide way is arranged; 54. a positioning ring; 55. a ratchet wheel; 56. a pawl; 57. a water tank; 58. rotating the water seal tank jacket; 59. rotating a water seal tank baffle; 60. a support rib; 61. rotating the water seal groove bottom plate; 62. triangular ribs; 63. a hot air outlet; 64. a sixth layer of stirring paddles; 65. a fourth layer of stirring paddles; 66. a second layer of stirring paddles; 67. a discharge port; 68. a storage bin; 69. a spiral discharging machine; 70. a gravity valve of the discharging machine; 71. a support leg; 72. a limiting sliding sleeve is arranged at the lower part of the main shaft; 73. a water seal jacket; 74. a water seal partition plate; 75. a water seal bottom plate; 76. a water seal inner sleeve; 77. a lower base plate; 78. a lower cone bottom; 79. a rotary joint; 80. a water tank pipe; 81. a blow-down pipe; 82. a main flow activator inlet; 83. supporting the water pipe; 84. and a striker plate.
Description of the embodiments
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate or are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1-12, an even internal heating stirring type activation kiln comprises a kiln main body, a feeding mechanism, a diversion stirring mechanism, a water seal mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a hot blast stove, wherein the feeding mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the kiln main body;
the main kiln body mainly comprises an upper kiln cover and a lower kiln body, the lower kiln body mainly comprises a hot blast stove body 8, a hot blast stove shell 9 and a lower body shell 20 fixedly connected with the hot blast stove body 9, and the diversion stirring mechanism is connected in the lower body shell 20;
the diversion stirring mechanism mainly comprises an ascending header outer shell 26, an ascending header inner shell 27, an ascending header body 28, a main shaft inner sleeve 46 and a main shaft outer sleeve 47, wherein a plurality of connecting plates 45 are welded between the main shaft inner sleeve 46 and the main shaft outer sleeve 47 to form a cooling water channel, a lower bottom plate 77 is welded at the bottom of the main shaft inner sleeve 46 in a sealing way, and a lower cone bottom 78 is welded at the bottom of the main shaft outer sleeve 47 in a sealing way to form an annular main shaft water jacket;
the gasification agent blocking plate 44 is welded at the middle upper part in the main shaft inner sleeve 46, the stirring paddle components are welded at the middle lower parts of the main shaft inner sleeve 46 and the main shaft outer sleeve 47, each stirring paddle component comprises a first layer stirring paddle 19, a second layer stirring paddle 66, a third layer stirring paddle 24, a fourth layer stirring paddle 65, a fifth layer stirring paddle 25 and a sixth layer stirring paddle 64, and the cross sections of the activating agent diversion grooves 3 on the first layer stirring paddle 19, the second layer stirring paddle 66 and the third layer stirring paddle 24 are larger than the cross sections of the activating agent diversion grooves 3 on the fourth layer stirring paddle 65, the fifth layer stirring paddle 25 and the sixth layer stirring paddle 64.
The main shaft outer sleeve 47 is also provided with a cooling water channel inlet 2, the main shaft inner sleeve 46 and the main shaft outer sleeve 47 are also communicated and welded with a tributary activator inlet 1, the ascending header body 28 is provided with a cooling water channel outlet 4, and the stirring paddle component is connected between the cooling water channel inlet 2 and the cooling water channel outlet 4.
The stirring paddle assembly is welded with a baffle plate 84, the baffle plate 84 is made of high-temperature resistant material, the baffle plate 84 is welded on the side surface of the stirring paddle assembly, and two ends of the baffle plate are not inserted into the ascending header body 28 and the main shaft jacket 47;
the ascending header body 28 is provided with a ventilation pipe 23, which is penetrated and welded with the ascending header outer shell 26 and the ascending header inner shell 27, and the ventilation pipe 23 corresponds to the tail end of the activator diversion trench 3; a supporting water pipe 83 is welded between adjacent lifting header bodies 28, the supporting water pipe 83 is communicated with the lifting header bodies 28, and a header bottom plate 18 is arranged at the bottom of the lifting header bodies 28;
the main shaft water jacket is inserted into the main stream activator inlet 82 which is uniformly distributed on one end of the hot blast stove body 8, the lower cone bottom 78 is provided with a water tank pipe 80, the water tank pipe 80 is connected with the lower cone bottom 78 by a rotary joint 79, the water tank pipe 80 is provided with a blow-off pipe 81, and one end of the water tank pipe 80 far away from the lower cone bottom 78 is connected with the water tank 57;
the lower part of the main shaft water jacket is provided with a main shaft lower part limiting sliding sleeve 72, the bottoms of the main shaft lower part limiting sliding sleeve 72 and the main shaft outer sleeve 47 are provided with bottom water seal grooves, and the bottom water seal grooves consist of a water seal outer sleeve 73, a water seal partition 74, a water seal bottom plate 75 and a water seal inner sleeve 76.
The bottom of the kiln main body is provided with four supporting legs 71, and the kiln upper cover mainly comprises an upper cover refractory material 41, an upper cover plate 42, an upper slideway 53, a positioning ring 54, a ratchet wheel 55, a pawl 56 and a steam box body; the steam box body is internally provided with liquid 49, a ratchet wheel 55 and an upper cover plate 42 are integrally formed, an upper slideway 53 is welded at the lower part of the upper cover plate 42, the upper slideway 53 slides on a lower slideway 52, the bottom of the ratchet wheel 55 is also provided with a positioning ring 54, and a pawl 56 is matched with the ratchet wheel 55;
the lower slideway 52 is welded with a support ring 51 and a plurality of support ribs 60, the upper ends of the support ring 51 and the support ribs 60 are welded with a rotary water seal tank bottom plate 61, the bottom of the rotary water seal tank bottom plate 61 is welded with a triangular rib 62, the bottom of the lower slideway 52 is also provided with a water seal tank body, and the water seal tank body consists of a rotary water seal tank partition 59, a rotary water seal tank jacket 58 and a rotary water seal tank bottom plate 61.
The steam box body comprises upper cover side ring plate 34, steam box water seal groove overcoat 35, steam box water seal groove endotheca 36, steam box water seal groove baffle 37 and steam box cover 38, and the welding has three hot-blast furnace steam pipe 39 on the steam box cover 38, is equipped with steam chamber 50 on the steam box body, still is equipped with annular cooling water inlet 48 and container steam outlet 40 in the steam box body, and steam box cover 38 is equipped with steam box steam outlet 43, is connected with hot-blast furnace steam pipe 39 on the steam box steam outlet 43, is connected with hot-blast furnace steam inlet 14 on the hot-blast furnace steam pipe 39.
The kiln lower body consists of a kiln bottom refractory material 13, a lower body shell 20, a kiln lower body heat insulation material 21 and a kiln lower body refractory material 22, wherein the kiln lower body is provided with a lower thermocouple 17 and an upper thermocouple 29, and the kiln lower body is also provided with a raw material inlet 30 and a hot air outlet 63.
The feeding mechanism comprises a raw material inlet 30, a screw feeder 31 and a feeding box 33, and a gravity sealing valve 32 is arranged on the discharging end face of the screw feeder 31.
The discharging mechanism comprises a scraping plate 16 welded at the lower part of the main shaft jacket 47, a discharging hole 67, a storage bin 68 and a spiral discharging machine 69, wherein a discharging machine gravity valve 70 is arranged on the spiral discharging machine 69.
The hot blast stove comprises a bottom shell 5, a furnace bottom heat insulation material 6, a furnace bottom refractory material 7, a hot blast stove shell 9, a kiln bottom refractory material 13 and an upper shell 15, wherein a flame inlet 10, a gas burner 11, a hot blast stove thermocouple 12, a steam inlet 14 and a main flow activator inlet 82 are arranged on a hot blast stove body 8.
When the automatic feeding device is used, firstly carbonized materials with the granularity of 0.5-16 mm or raw materials soaked by medicaments are input into a feeding box 33 by a screw feeder 31, the discharge port of the screw feeder 31 is inserted into the feeding box 33 and is sealed and welded, a gravity sealing valve 32 is arranged on the discharge end face of the screw feeder 31, when the screw feeder 31 feeds, the gravity sealing valve 32 is automatically jacked by the raw materials, when the screw feeder 31 stops feeding, the outlet of the screw feeder 31 is closed by the gravity sealing valve 32 by falling under dead weight, and the kiln body is supported on the ground by four supporting legs 71; the kiln lower body comprises a kiln bottom refractory 13, a lower body shell 20, a lower body heat insulation material 21 and a lower body refractory 22, a raw material inlet 30 and a hot air outlet 63 are arranged on the kiln lower body, high-temperature hot air of the hot air outlet 63 is partially used for recycling the hot air furnace body 8, the rest of the hot air is connected with an external waste heat boiler of the system for use, a kiln upper cover comprises an upper cover refractory 41, an upper cover plate 42, a ratchet 55, an upper slideway 53, a positioning ring 54 and the like, the ratchet 55 and the upper cover plate 42 are integrated, the upper slideway 53 is welded on the lower slideway 53 along the lower part, the upper slideway 53 falls on the lower slideway 52 in sliding fit, the positioning ring 54 is limited, the ratchet 55 is pulled by a pawl 56 to rotate, the lower slideway 52 is welded on a supporting ring 51 and a plurality of supporting ribs 60, the lower ends of the supporting ring 51 and the supporting ribs 60 are welded on a rotary water seal groove bottom plate 61, a triangular rib 62 is welded on the lower edge of the rotary water seal groove bottom plate 61, the supporting ring 51 and the rotary water seal groove partition 59, the rotary water seal groove jacket 58 and the rotary water seal groove bottom plate 61 form a water seal groove 53, and a gap between the upper slideway 53 and the lower slideway 52 is sealed.
The diversion stirring mechanism comprises a main shaft inner sleeve 46 and a main shaft outer sleeve 47, wherein the upper part is welded and sealed by a plurality of connecting plates 45, the lower part is welded and sealed by a lower bottom plate 77, the main shaft outer sleeve 47 is welded and sealed by a lower cone bottom 78 to form an annular main shaft water jacket, six diversion stirring paddles are welded at the middle lower part of the main shaft, 3 diversion stirring paddles are uniformly distributed on each layer of plane, the included angle between the planes of the upper and lower layers of stirring paddles is 45 degrees, the cross sections of six diversion stirring paddle activator diversion trenches 3 are divided into two sizes, the cross sections of the first layer of stirring paddles 19, the second layer of stirring paddles 66, the third layer of stirring paddles 24, the cross sections of the activator diversion trenches 3 are large, the cross sections of the fourth layer of stirring paddles 65, the fifth layer of stirring paddles 25 and the sixth layer of stirring paddles 64 are small, the cross sections of the activator diversion trenches 3 are small, a cooling water channel inlet 2 is welded on the main shaft outer sleeve 47 and communicated with the main shaft water jacket, the diversion stirring paddle tributary activator inlet 1, the main shaft outer sleeve 47 and the main shaft inner sleeve 46 are communicated and welded with a main shaft water jacket, the main shaft outer sleeve 47 and the main shaft inner sleeve 46 are isolated, the cooling water channel outlet 4 is communicated and welded with the inner shell of the ascending header body 28, the diversion stirring paddle is inclined upwards by 7-30 degrees from the main shaft to the ascending header body 28, the diversion stirring paddle is welded with a baffle plate 84, the baffle plate 84 is made of high-temperature resistant materials, the baffle plate 84 is welded on the side surface of the diversion stirring paddle, the two ends of the baffle plate are not inserted into the ascending header body 28 and the main shaft outer sleeve 47, the ascending header body 28 is formed by welding an ascending header outer shell 26, an ascending header inner shell 27 and a header bottom plate 18, the ascending header inner shell 27 is provided with an inclined plane along the rotating direction, the ascending header body 28 is provided with a ventilation pipe 23 which is penetrated and welded with the ascending header outer shell 26 and the ascending header inner shell 27, the inlet of the ventilation pipe 23 corresponds to the tail end of the activating agent guide groove 3, a supporting water pipe 83 is welded between adjacent ascending header bodies 28, the inner cavity of the supporting water pipe 83 is communicated with the inner cavity of the adjacent ascending header body 28, the supporting water pipe 83 is inclined at an angle of 7-20 degrees, and the ventilation pipe 23 is inclined at an angle of 30-45 degrees from inside to outside; the main shaft water jacket is inserted into the hot blast stove and is provided with three main stream activator inlets 82 uniformly distributed, the main shaft water jacket passes through the narrow part of the hot blast stove body 8, the main shaft lower part limiting sliding sleeve 72 and the bottom rotary gap of the main shaft outer sleeve 47 are sealed by a bottom water seal groove;
the stirring operation flow of the activation kiln is as follows: the ratchet wheel 55 is driven by the pawl 56 to rotate, the ratchet wheel 55, the upper cover plate 42, the main shaft water jacket, the ascending header body 28 and six layers of diversion stirring paddles are welded into a whole to jointly rotate, and the six layers of diversion stirring paddles realize stirring of the activated material in the inner cavity of the kiln; the flow of the cooling water of the activation kiln is as follows: the water in the steam box enters the main shaft water jacket through the annular cooling water inlet 48, enters the six layers of guide stirring paddle cooling water channel inlets 2 respectively, enters the ascending header body 28 through the guide stirring paddle cooling water channels, the heated steam-water copolymer enters the steam chamber 50 through the header steam outlet 40 of the ascending header body 28, and the steam is input into the hot blast stove through the hot blast stove steam pipe 39 to be used as an activating agent; the flow of the activating agent of the activating kiln is as follows: the external coal gas is burnt through the coal gas burner 11 to heat the water vapor from the vapor inlet 14 to more than 850 ℃, the water vapor enters the inner cavity of the main shaft inner sleeve 46, after the water vapor is intercepted by the gasifying agent blocking plate 44, the activating agent enters the activating agent diversion trench 3 from the tributary activating agent inlet 1 and is distributed into the activating material, the far end of the activating agent diversion trench 3 corresponds to the pipe orifice of the ventilation pipe 23, and the activating agent is sent to the activating material at the inner edge of the kiln so as to be activated uniformly; the discharging mechanism rotates together with the scraping plate 16 welded at the lower part of the main shaft sleeve 47, scrapes the activated material into the discharging hole 67, falls into the storage bin 68, and then the activated material is output by pushing the material of the spiral discharging machine 69 out of the gravity valve 70 of the discharging machine.
The activation temperature in the activation kiln is controlled as follows: when the active carbon is produced by adopting a physical method, the temperature of the inner cavity of the kiln main body is controlled to be 850-950 ℃, when the active carbon is produced by adopting a chemical method, the temperature of the inner cavity of the kiln main body is controlled to be 450-500 ℃, and when the active carbon is produced by adopting the chemical method, all components in the activation kiln are made of corrosion-resistant and high-temperature-resistant steel, and water cooling is not adopted; the chemical method of the activation kiln comprises the following steps: all parts in the inner cavity of the kiln main body are made of acid and alkali corrosion resistant high temperature resistant steel materials, and the main shaft, the diversion stirring paddle and the ascending header body 28 are removed from a cooling water channel without a water cooling system due to the medium temperature of the activation temperature of 450-500 ℃, so that the structure is unchanged, and the kiln main body is changed into a single layer.
The invention has scientific structure, can uniformly convey the activating agent to the raw materials in the volume of the raw materials in the kiln through the multi-layer diversion stirring paddles while stirring, has high product quality, shortens the activation time, improves the yield per unit time, invents a unique water cooling stirring structure, solves the problem that high-temperature heat-resistant steel is not suitable for working environment, provides the self-required water vapor activating agent while cooling water, does not need to input steam production equipment, and can produce 6 tons of active carbon in a single machine in 24 hours. The invention invests 40 ten thousand yuan of RMB, and the best prior Sleper invests 400 ten thousand yuan of RMB, the Sleper produces the activated carbon iodine value 1050, the invention produces the activated carbon iodine value 1600, compact structure, the floor area is small, the Sleper volume is 8m 9m, the invention has wide application range, can be used for producing the activated carbon by a physical method, can also be used for producing the activated carbon by a chemical method, can be used for producing the granular activated carbon, can also be used for producing the powdery activated carbon, can also be used for regenerating the activated carbon, the technical index of the activated carbon can be adjusted arbitrarily, the environment is friendly, the production process has no three wastes leakage and emission, the energy utilization efficiency is high, the kiln main body dissipates heat and uses the hot water for recycling, the produced gas is used for the waste heat boiler, the kiln has low starting cost, the invention has low cost, completely realizes the intellectualization, and is suitable for calcining and roasting nonmetallic mineral products.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln is characterized by comprising a kiln main body, a feeding mechanism, a diversion stirring mechanism, a water seal mechanism, a discharging mechanism and a hot blast stove, wherein the feeding mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the kiln main body;
the kiln main body mainly comprises a kiln upper cover and a kiln lower body, the kiln lower body mainly comprises a hot blast stove body (8), a hot blast stove shell (9) and a lower body shell (20) fixedly connected with the hot blast stove body, and the diversion stirring mechanism is connected in the lower body shell (20);
the diversion stirring mechanism mainly comprises an ascending header outer shell (26), an ascending header inner shell (27), an ascending header body (28), a main shaft inner sleeve (46), a main shaft outer sleeve (47) and a main shaft water jacket, wherein a plurality of connecting plates (45) are arranged on the main shaft inner sleeve (46) and the main shaft outer sleeve (47), a sealing lower bottom plate (77) is welded at the bottom of the main shaft inner sleeve (46), and a lower cone bottom (78) is welded at the bottom of the main shaft outer sleeve (47) in a sealing way to form an annular main shaft water jacket;
the gasification agent blocking plate (44) is welded at the middle upper part in the main shaft inner sleeve (46), the stirring paddle components are welded at the middle lower part of the main shaft inner sleeve (46) and the main shaft outer sleeve (47), each stirring paddle component comprises a first layer stirring paddle (19), a second layer stirring paddle (66), a third layer stirring paddle (24), a fourth layer stirring paddle (65), a fifth layer stirring paddle (25) and a sixth layer stirring paddle (64), activating agent guide grooves (3) are formed in each stirring paddle, and the cross sections of the activating agent guide grooves (3) on the first layer stirring paddle (19), the second layer stirring paddle (66) and the third layer stirring paddle (24) are larger than the cross sections of the activating agent guide grooves (3) on the fourth layer stirring paddle (65), the fifth layer stirring paddle (25) and the sixth layer stirring paddle (64);
a cooling water channel inlet (2) is further formed in the main shaft outer sleeve (47), a tributary activator inlet (1) is further welded on the main shaft inner sleeve (46) and the main shaft outer sleeve (47) in a penetrating manner, a cooling water channel outlet (4) is formed in the ascending header body (28), and the stirring paddle assembly is connected between the cooling water channel inlet (2) and the cooling water channel outlet (4);
the stirring paddle assembly is welded with a baffle plate (84), the baffle plate (84) is made of high-temperature resistant material, the baffle plate (84) is welded on the side surface of the stirring paddle assembly, and the two ends of the baffle plate are not inserted into the ascending header body (28) and the main shaft jacket (47);
a ventilation pipe (23) is arranged on the ascending header body (28), and is in penetration welding with the ascending header outer shell (26) and the ascending header inner shell (27), and the ventilation pipe (23) corresponds to the tail end of the activating agent diversion trench (3); a supporting water pipe (83) is welded between adjacent lifting header bodies (28), the supporting water pipe (83) is communicated with the lifting header bodies (28), and a header bottom plate (18) is arranged at the bottom of each lifting header body (28);
one end of the main shaft water jacket, which is inserted into the hot blast stove body (8), is provided with three main flow activator inlets (82) which are uniformly distributed, the lower cone bottom (78) is provided with a water tank pipe (80), the water tank pipe (80) is connected with the lower cone bottom (78) through a rotary joint (79), the water tank pipe (80) is provided with a blow-off pipe (81), and one end of the water tank pipe (80), which is far away from the lower cone bottom (78), is connected with a water tank (57);
the lower part of the main shaft water jacket is provided with a main shaft lower part limiting sliding sleeve (72), the bottoms of the main shaft lower part limiting sliding sleeve (72) and the main shaft outer sleeve (47) are provided with bottom water seal grooves, and each bottom water seal groove consists of a water seal outer sleeve (73), a water seal partition plate (74), a water seal bottom plate (75) and a water seal inner sleeve (76).
2. The uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom of the kiln main body is provided with four supporting legs (71), and the kiln upper cover mainly comprises an upper cover refractory material (41), an upper cover plate (42), an upper slideway (53), a positioning ring (54), a ratchet wheel (55), a pawl (56) and a steam box body; the steam box is characterized in that liquid (49) is arranged in the steam box body, the ratchet wheel (55) and the upper cover plate (42) are integrally formed, an upper slide way (53) is welded at the lower part of the upper cover plate (42), the upper slide way (53) slides and falls on the lower slide way (52), a positioning ring (54) is further arranged at the bottom of the ratchet wheel (55), and the pawl (56) is matched with the ratchet wheel (55);
the utility model discloses a water seal tank for a vehicle, including lower slide (52) and water seal tank bottom board (61), support circle (51) and a plurality of supporting rib (60) have been welded on lower slide (52), the upper end welding of support circle (51) and a plurality of supporting rib (60) has rotation water seal tank bottom board (61), the bottom welding of rotation water seal tank bottom board (61) has triangle muscle (62), the bottom of lower slide (52) still is equipped with the water seal tank body, the water seal tank body comprises rotation water seal tank baffle (59), rotation water seal tank overcoat (58) and rotation water seal tank bottom board (61).
3. The uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln as claimed in claim 2, wherein the steam box body consists of an upper cover side ring plate (34), a steam box water seal groove outer sleeve (35), a steam box water seal groove inner sleeve (36), a steam box water seal groove partition plate (37) and a steam box cover (38), three hot blast stove steam pipes (39) are welded on the steam box cover (38), a steam chamber (50) is arranged on the steam box body, an annular cooling water inlet (48) and a collector steam outlet (40) are further arranged in the steam box body, the steam box cover (38) is provided with a steam box steam outlet (43), the steam box steam outlet (43) is connected with a hot blast stove steam pipe (39), and the hot blast stove steam pipe (39) is connected with the hot blast stove steam inlet (14).
4. A homogeneous internal heat agitation type activating kiln according to claim 3 wherein said kiln lower body is composed of a kiln bottom refractory material (13), a lower body casing (20), a kiln lower body heat insulating material (21) and a kiln lower body refractory material (22), said kiln lower body is provided with a lower thermocouple (17) and an upper thermocouple (29), said kiln lower body is further provided with a raw material inlet (30) and a hot air outlet (63).
5. A homogeneous internal heat agitation type activating kiln according to claim 1 wherein said feeding mechanism comprises a raw material inlet (30), a screw feeder (31) and a feed box (33), and a gravity seal valve (32) is installed on a discharge end face of said screw feeder (31).
6. The uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln as claimed in claim 1, wherein said discharging mechanism comprises a scraping plate (16) welded at the lower part of a main shaft jacket (47), a discharging port (67), a bin (68) and a screw discharger (69), and a discharger gravity valve (70) is arranged at the end of said screw discharger (69).
7. The uniform internal heating stirring type activation kiln according to claim 1, wherein the hot blast stove comprises a bottom shell (5), a furnace bottom heat insulation material (6), a furnace bottom refractory material (7), a hot blast stove outer shell (9), a kiln bottom refractory material (13) and an upper shell (15), and a flame inlet (10), a gas burner (11), a hot blast stove thermocouple (12), a steam inlet (14) and a main flow activator inlet (82) are arranged on the hot blast stove body (8).
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| DE2047518A1 (en) * | 1970-09-26 | 1972-06-15 | Kloeckner Humboldt Deutz Ag | Deck oven for drying, burning, reducing or roasting granular and / or muddy materials |
| JPH10182117A (en) * | 1996-12-26 | 1998-07-07 | Ube Ind Ltd | High temperature heat treating apparatus for organic waste, etc. |
| CN201010525Y (en) * | 2007-03-09 | 2008-01-23 | 钟顺乃 | Active carbon preparing equipment |
| CN101984083A (en) * | 2010-11-28 | 2011-03-09 | 辽宁中邦高新技术发展有限公司 | Long-life molten iron desulfurization stirring head |
| CN104289211A (en) * | 2013-06-17 | 2015-01-21 | 沈善明 | Horizontal-stirring waste powdered activated carbon regeneration furnace |
| CN104215065B (en) * | 2014-09-04 | 2016-04-27 | 郴州杉杉新材料有限公司 | A kind of single horizontal tube carbonaceous intermediate apparatus for continous heat treatment |
| CN105504101A (en) * | 2016-01-07 | 2016-04-20 | 永胜机械工业（昆山）有限公司 | Large special resin polymerization kettle for polyvinyl chloride |
| CN105865213A (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2016-08-17 | 盐城丰东特种炉业有限公司 | Water cooling device |
| CN108658061A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-10-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of reaction unit preparing graphene powder for combustion synthesis method |
| CN209259702U (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-08-16 | 常州倍思奇信息科技有限公司 | A kind of internal heat type absorbent charcoal activation furnace |
| CN210613672U (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2020-05-26 | 河南青山环保科技有限公司 | Reactor for modifying surfaces of mica iron oxide powder |
| CN110817873A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-21 | 江苏京颐环保科技有限公司 | Activated carbon activation and regeneration device and method |
| CN111232979A (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2020-06-05 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Device for preparing super-capacitor activated carbon by alkali activation method and preparation method thereof |
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