CN109504459B - Dry-type slag-discharging biomass gasification furnace - Google Patents
Dry-type slag-discharging biomass gasification furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN109504459B CN109504459B CN201811578271.XA CN201811578271A CN109504459B CN 109504459 B CN109504459 B CN 109504459B CN 201811578271 A CN201811578271 A CN 201811578271A CN 109504459 B CN109504459 B CN 109504459B
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 107
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 327
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 60
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 21
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010866 blackwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003911 water pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a dry slag-discharging biomass gasification furnace, which comprises a furnace body and a dry slag-discharging furnace bottom structure, wherein the furnace bottom structure comprises: the device comprises a fire grate, a slag discharging device for discharging slag in the furnace body, and a slag separating device for collecting and discharging slag in the slag discharging device; the slag discharging device comprises a slag discharging disc which is arranged in a rotating way relative to the furnace body and a slag guiding component which is fixedly arranged relative to the furnace body, wherein the slag discharging disc is arranged below the fire grate and completely covers the furnace bottom of the biomass gasification furnace, and a plurality of slag outlets are arranged below the fire grate; the slag guiding component is arranged between the slag discharging disc and the fire grate in the vertical direction and is arranged outside the slag holes in the horizontal direction; the slag discharging tray rotates, so that slag piled on the slag discharging tray is discharged to the slag separating device from the slag holes after being guided by the slag guiding member. The invention has the advantages of compact structure, small occupied space, uniform and smooth slag discharge and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biomass gasification furnace equipment, and particularly relates to a biomass gasification furnace adopting a dry slag discharging mode.
Background
With the development of economy and society, we are facing tremendous energy and environmental pressure. The raw materials of the biomass gasification furnace for producing the combustible gas are crop straws, forest waste and the like, and the fuel gas is a green new energy, has strong vitality, is very important renewable energy, and has the characteristics of reproducibility, low pollution, wide distribution and the like. The biomass is used as an alternative energy source, and has very important significance for reducing low carbon and emission, reducing the greenhouse effect and improving the atmosphere acid rain environment. The biomass gasification furnace utilizes biomass to perform closed anoxic combustion in the gasification furnace, and generates combustible gas after carbonization and pyrolysis and thermochemical oxidation.
When the biomass gasification furnace is used, slag needs to be cleaned regularly, the tightness of the furnace body is ensured in the slag removal process, no biogas is leaked out of the furnace body, the traditional slag removal mode is of a wet structure, the ash basin and the water seal are adopted for discharging the slag, the slag in the ash basin falls into water, and the slag is cleaned out in a mechanical slag removal mode.
The wet slag discharging mode has complex structure and high operation difficulty, and the obtained slag contains more water and is difficult to be used for the second time; in addition, a large amount of water pollution is caused in the deslagging process, and the generated black water containing more slag is difficult to treat.
Therefore, a dry slag discharging mode is proposed in the industry, for example, chinese patent literature 201420329796.0 discloses a dry slag discharging device of a biomass gasification furnace, which comprises a gasification furnace and a slag discharging mechanism positioned below the gasification furnace, wherein the bottom of the gasification furnace forms a funnel-shaped ash box, the slag discharging mechanism comprises a slag discharging guide pipe, a sleeve pipe arranged on the outer side of the slag discharging guide pipe, a screw shaft arranged in the slag discharging guide pipe and a power mechanism for driving the screw shaft to rotate, a feed inlet communicated with the ash box is arranged on the upper side of the front end of the slag discharging guide pipe, a discharge outlet is arranged on the lower side of the tail end of the slag discharging guide pipe, a circulating water cavity is formed between the slag discharging guide pipe and the sleeve pipe, and a first water outlet and a first water inlet communicated with the circulating water cavity are respectively arranged at the front end and the tail end of the sleeve pipe. In the above technical scheme, the slag is discharged by arranging the screw shaft, which only relates to further transfer of the slag after being discharged from the furnace body, but the problems that the slag is not smooth in the slag discharging process, the slag is easy to burn secondarily and the like still exist how to discharge the slag from the fire grate to the outside of the furnace body.
Based on the dry slag discharging mode, the application provides a biomass gasification furnace with smooth slag discharging.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a biomass gasification furnace adopting a dry slag discharging mode, which adopts a slag discharging disc rotating relative to a furnace body to realize smooth discharge of slag.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a biomass gasification furnace adopting a dry slag discharging mode, comprising a furnace body and a dry slag discharging furnace bottom structure, wherein the furnace bottom structure comprises:
a fire grate;
Slag tapping means for tapping the slag at the bottom of the furnace;
A slag separator for collecting and discharging slag in the slag discharging device;
The slag discharging device comprises a slag discharging disc which is arranged in a rotating way relative to the furnace body and a slag guiding component which is fixedly arranged relative to the furnace body, wherein the slag discharging disc is arranged below the fire grate and completely covers the furnace bottom of the biomass gasification furnace, and a plurality of slag outlets are arranged below the fire grate; the slag guiding component is arranged between the slag discharging disc and the fire grate in the vertical direction and is arranged outside the slag holes in the horizontal direction;
the slag discharging tray rotates, so that slag piled on the slag discharging tray is discharged to the slag separating device from the slag holes after being guided by the slag guiding member.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the furnace body is fixedly arranged, biomass fuel is combusted in the furnace body to generate biomass gas and slag (mixing of incombustible or combustion residues), wherein the biomass gas is discharged through an exhaust channel above the furnace body and collected for use, and the slag naturally falls down and is piled up at the bottom of the furnace body, and at the moment, the slag is orderly discharged through a slag discharging device and a slag dividing device.
Further, the slag guiding member in the slag discharging device is fixed on the furnace body, and forms a relative rotation state of moving and static by combining with the slag discharging disc rotating in the slag discharging device, at the moment, slag piled on the slag discharging disc (positioned below the fire grate) can rotate along with the rotation of the slag discharging disc, and after encountering the slag guiding member, the slag is discharged along the guiding direction of the slag guiding member and finally flows into the slag separating device from the slag outlet of the slag discharging disc, so that the discharging process of the slag from the furnace body is completed.
It should be noted that the rotation of the slag discharging disc can be uniform or variable, can be always rotated or can be rotated as required, and can be specifically adjusted adaptively according to the slag discharging amount of the biomass gasification furnace; specifically, the slag discharging disc rotates in the horizontal plane at the bottom of the furnace body, and can be driven by adopting a mode of combining a disc tooth with a belt, or by adopting a mode of matching external teeth with a driving gear.
In order to realize the sealing between the slag pan and the furnace body, preferably, a first water seal mechanism in sealing connection with the slag pan is arranged outside the furnace body, specifically, the first water seal mechanism comprises a first water seal plate and a first water storage tank, the first water seal plate is in an L-like shape, the first water storage tank is U-shaped, the first water seal plate is turned upside down to be arranged outside the bottom of the furnace body, and the first water storage tank is arranged above the periphery of the slag pan.
According to another specific embodiment of the invention, the fire grate is a rotary fire grate, a tray is arranged at the bottom of the fire grate, a connecting pipe extending downwards is arranged on the tray, and the tray is fixedly connected with the slag discharging plate through the connecting pipe, so that the fire grate and the slag discharging plate synchronously rotate.
The fire grate is arranged at the bottom of the furnace body, is a main area for burning materials and is also a main area for generating slag, the fire grate in the invention is preferably a tower fire grate, and slag generated in the material burning process can slide down along the surface of the fire grate to the area between the fire grate and the furnace body.
The rotation of the fire grate can better promote the slag on the surface of the fire grate to fall down, so that the slag is prevented from being piled up for a long time to form a large block shape on one hand, the problems that the slag is blocked at the bottom of the furnace and cannot be discharged to cause equipment to stop and overhaul and the like are solved, the air inlet of the fire grate can be prevented from being blocked due to the scaling of the surface of the fire grate, and the air of the fire grate can be rapidly supplemented to the upper combustion section of the furnace body, so that the air supply is smoother.
Further, the connecting pipe is hollow and tubular, is arranged in the center of the tray and penetrates through the slag discharging tray, and an air channel for supplying air to the fire grate is arranged in the connecting pipe.
Furthermore, the connecting pipe is arranged in the center of the slag discharging disc, and the slag discharging holes are distributed in a circumferential array or are oppositely arranged relative to the connecting pipe; in the rotating process of the slag discharging disc, the relative position of the connecting pipe and the furnace body is not changed, and particularly the connecting pipe is arranged at the rotation center position of the slag discharging disc (comprising the fire grate), so that the smoothness of air supply for the fire grate is facilitated.
Preferably, the tray has a certain thickness in the height direction, and correspondingly, a cavity can be formed in the tray, for example, a plurality of vertical supporting plates are arranged, and the weight of the tray is reduced on the basis of ensuring the strength of the tray.
According to still another embodiment of the present invention, the slag guiding member includes a plurality of guiding plates provided in a rotation direction of the slag tap pan, a slag runner having a large inlet end and a small outlet end is formed between adjacent two guiding plates with a gap therebetween, and the plurality of slag outlets are provided at the outlet end of the slag runner.
Wherein the plurality of guide plates are preferably uniformly distributed on the outer periphery of the center of rotation of the slag pan, and the guide plates are inclined to be set in a positive direction of the rotation direction of the slag pan, the positive direction of the rotation direction being a direction to which a tangential component indicating the rotation direction of the slag pan points, more specifically, the guide plates are inclined so that slag (piled up on the slag pan) in a rotating state flows toward the outlet of the slag runner after contacting the guide plates until being discharged from the outlet end and the outlet of the slag runner.
Preferably, the slag guiding member further comprises a guard ring, the guiding plates have a head end and a tail end, the head ends of the plurality of guiding plates are welded to the bottom of the furnace body, and the tail ends of the plurality of guiding plates are connected to the guard ring; the guard ring in this scheme can realize a plurality of guide plate terminal location on the one hand, strengthens the intensity of guide plate, and the great slag charge of on the other hand can be extruded by the guard ring and broken, can prevent effectively that slag from being crowded at the exit end of slag runner.
Still preferably, the guide plate includes a straight guide section and an arc guide section, wherein the straight guide section is tangential to the arc guide section.
Further, the arc-shaped guide section is arranged below the protective ring, and the arc-shaped guide section and the protective ring are concentrically arranged.
In the scheme, the circumferential edge covered by the outlet end of the slag runner is preferably more than one third of the circumferential edge of the protective ring, so that the efficiency of slag outflow is effectively ensured.
The number of guide plates is preferably 3-6, for example 4 guide plates.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the slag separation device comprises a collecting tray for collecting slag, which collecting tray is fixedly arranged relative to the biomass gasifier, the collecting tray having a slag collecting chamber communicating with a plurality of slag holes.
In order to realize sealing connection between the collection tray and the slag pan, preferably, the outer ring of the collection tray, which is positioned in the slag collection chamber, is provided with a second water seal mechanism which is in sealing connection with the slag pan, specifically, the second water seal mechanism comprises a second water seal plate and a second water storage tank, the second water seal plate is a vertical straight plate, the second water storage tank is U-shaped, the second water seal plate is arranged below the slag pan and outside the slag collection chamber, and the second water storage tank is arranged above the collection tray.
Further, the slag separation device further comprises a plurality of separation plates fixedly arranged below the slag pan, and the plurality of separation plates divide the slag collection chamber into a plurality of sub-collection chambers; the number of the partition plates is preferably the same as that of the slag outlets, and the sub-collecting cavities are in one-to-one correspondence with the slag outlets.
In the scheme, slag in the plurality of sub-collecting cavities is not contacted with each other, so that larger block-shaped slag is not formed by accumulation, the risk of slag blockage in the slag discharging process is reduced, and the risk of secondary combustion after the high-temperature slag encounters sufficient air is also reduced; in addition, a plurality of separation plates are fixedly arranged on the slag discharging disc and rotate along with the rotation of the slag discharging disc, so that slag in each sub-collecting cavity is discharged.
Specifically, a plurality of division plates are arranged along the radial direction of the collecting tray, and divide the collecting tray into a plurality of fan-shaped sub-collecting chambers.
Preferably, the plurality of separation plates are distributed relative to the rotation center array of the slag discharging plate.
According to a further embodiment of the invention, the collecting tray is provided with two slag-discharging openings arranged symmetrically; in order to realize the air supply to the fire grate, the connecting pipe penetrates through the slag discharging disc and extends downwards, the collecting disc is also provided with an air inlet communicated with an air channel in the exhaust pipe, and the fire grate is supplemented with sufficient air through the air inlet so as to perform a smooth combustion process.
The bottom of collection dish and division board between have less clearance, do not contact between the two, in the rotation in-process of play slag tray, the position of a plurality of sub-collection chamber can change, and after the slag tap of collection dish was opened, the slag in the sub-collection chamber can be discharged from the slag tap, for example is equipped with at slag tap department and collects the slag in storehouse etc..
Preferably, a third water seal mechanism is arranged at the joint of the air inlet and the connecting pipe, specifically, the third water seal mechanism comprises a third water seal plate and a third water storage tank, the third water seal plate is a vertical straight plate, the third water storage tank is U-shaped, the third water seal plate is positioned below the slag discharge plate and fixedly arranged on the connecting pipe, and the third water storage tank is arranged on the collecting plate and is positioned outside the slag collecting chamber.
Further, two slag discharging ports are oppositely arranged at the bottoms of the collecting discs at the two sides of the air inlet, wherein the symmetrical arrangement of the two slag discharging ports has the advantages that: the slag in each sub-collecting cavity can be discharged better and uniformly without residue, and residue of slag is avoided.
Further, the sub-collecting chamber completely covers the slag tap, and the aperture of the slag tap is larger than that of the slag tap in the slag tray, so that the slag can be discharged better.
Further, the bottom of the collecting tray is also provided with a spare hole, wherein the spare hole can be used as a manhole.
According to another embodiment of the invention, the number of separating plates is 4-8, in particular for example 5 separating plates, and for example 6 separating plates.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. The structure is compact, the slag discharging device and the slag separating device are arranged in the bottom space of the furnace body, the occupied space is small, and the manufacturing and using processes are facilitated;
2. A slag discharging disc which is arranged in a rotating way relative to the furnace body and the collecting disc is adopted, a rotating slag discharging mode is adopted to promote the slag discharging process, and slag discharging is smoother; through the diversion effect of the slag guide member fixed on the furnace body, the slag on the slag discharge tray can be discharged rapidly, the discharge process is convenient and the efficiency is high, and meanwhile, the phenomenon of blocking caused by the formation of large slag blocks after slag accumulation is avoided;
3. A slag runner is formed between adjacent guide plates in the slag guide member, so that slag is drained to a designated position and then discharged, and the collection and discharge of slag at the designated position can be realized;
4. Water seal mechanisms are arranged between the furnace body and the slag discharging disc and between the slag discharging disc and the collecting disc, so that the sealing performance of the whole furnace body is further realized in the rotation process of the rotary slag discharging disc, and biomass gas cannot leak from the joints of the slag discharging disc and the furnace body and between the slag discharging disc and the collecting disc; in addition, the water seal mechanism is also arranged at the air inlet channel of the fire grate, so that the air inlet smoothness is good, the turbulent flow of air can not occur, and the problem of slag re-combustion caused by the fact that air is mistakenly fed into the discharged slag again is solved;
5. The slag collecting chamber is internally provided with a plurality of sub-collecting chambers, slag is dispersed into the sub-collecting chambers, and the slag separated into the sub-collecting chambers can hardly burn again due to the fact that the air content in the slag collecting chamber is small, so that the slag can be discharged smoothly;
6. the two slag discharging ports which are symmetrically arranged are combined by a plurality of separating plates, so that slag can be uniformly and thoroughly discharged.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a dry slag-tapping biomass gasifier according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the hearth structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the tapping device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top view of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another construction of the tapping device according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the structure of the slag separator of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a slag separator of the present invention from another perspective;
FIG. 8 is a top view of FIG. 6;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the use state of FIG. 8;
Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the collecting tray of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, a biomass gasification furnace comprises a furnace body 1 fixedly arranged in the vertical direction and a furnace bottom structure arranged at the bottom of the furnace body 1, wherein the furnace bottom structure adopts a dry slag discharging mode and specifically comprises a fire grate 2, a slag discharging device 3 and a slag separating device 4.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, the tapping device 3 comprises a tapping tray 31 and a slag guiding member 32.
Wherein, the slag discharging plate 31 is rotatably arranged relative to the furnace body 1, is arranged below the fire grate 2 and completely covers the bottom of the furnace body 1, a gap is formed between the slag discharging plate 31 and the fire grate 2 to form a slag accumulation area, a plurality of slag holes 311 are arranged on the slag discharging plate 31, and preferably, the slag holes 311 are completely arranged below the fire grate 2 in the vertical direction; it is further preferable that the plurality of tap holes 311 are uniformly distributed in the rotation direction of the tapping panel 31, and for example, four to six tap holes 311 having the same or different diameters are provided, and it is preferable that the plurality of tap holes 311 have the same diameter.
In order to realize the sealing connection between the slag pan 31 and the furnace body 1, as shown in fig. 2, a first water seal mechanism 5 is arranged between the furnace body 1 and the slag pan 31, and the first water seal mechanism 5 is arranged above the slag pan 31 and is positioned at the outer side of the furnace body 1; specifically, the first water seal mechanism 5 includes a first water seal plate 51 and a first water storage tank 52, the first water seal plate 51 is L-like, the first water storage tank 52 is U-shaped, the first water seal plate 51 is disposed at the outer side of the bottom of the furnace body 1, and the first water storage tank 52 is disposed above the periphery of the slag pan 31.
The fire grate 2 in this embodiment may be a rotary fire grate or a fixed fire grate, and in order to better discharge the slag in the furnace body 1, the fire grate in the present invention is preferably a rotary fire grate, wherein a preferred fire grate 2 structure is shown in fig. 2, a tray 21 is disposed at the bottom of the fire grate 2, the tray 21 is provided with a connecting pipe 22 extending downward, and the tray 21 is fixedly connected with the slag discharging disc 31 through the connecting pipe 22, so that the fire grate 2 and the slag discharging disc 31 rotate synchronously.
Further, a connection pipe 22 is provided at the center of the tray 21, and the connection pipe 22 is hollow and tubular, and an air passage for supplying air to the fire grate 2 is provided inside the connection pipe 22.
Preferably, the connecting pipe 22 is also arranged in the center of the slag tray 31, and the slag holes 311 are distributed in a circumferential array or are oppositely arranged relative to the connecting pipe 22; during the rotation of the slag discharging plate 31, the relative position of the connecting pipe 22 and the furnace body 1 is not changed, which is beneficial to the smoothness of air supply for the fire grate 2.
The slag guide member 32 is fixed to the furnace body 1, and the slag guide member 32 and the furnace body 1 are fixed to each other by welding, for example, and the slag guide member 32 is provided in a slag accumulation region between the slag pan 31 and the grate 2 in a vertical direction, so that the slag is guided and discharged, and the slag guide member 32 is provided in an outer region of the plurality of slag holes 311 in a horizontal direction.
Wherein the slag guiding member 32 comprises a plurality of guiding plates 321, wherein the number of guiding plates 321 is preferably 3-6, for example the number of guiding plates 321 is 4, wherein the plurality of guiding plates 321 are inclined to be biased to the positive direction of the rotation direction of the tapping tray 31 (as shown by arrow L1 in fig. 4), and during the rotation of the tapping tray 31, the slag piled up on the tapping tray 31 is transferred to the tapping hole 311 of the tapping tray 31 by the slag guiding member 32 to realize the slag discharging process; specifically, the direction of rotation of tapping plate 31 is indicated by arrow L2 in fig. 4.
Preferably, the slag guiding member 32 in this embodiment may further include a guard ring 322, and when installed, the head ends of the plurality of guiding plates 321 may be directly welded to the furnace body 1, the ends of the plurality of guiding plates 321 are all connected to the guard ring 322, a gap is formed between two adjacent guiding plates 321 and a slag runner 323 having a large inlet end and a small outlet end is formed, and the outlet end of the slag runner 323 is located outside the slag hole 311 of the slag pan 31.
Wherein a through hole is provided at the center of the guard ring 322, and the through hole is mainly used as the connection pipe 22 of the fire grate 2 to pass through.
Referring again to fig. 4, the guide plate 321 in this embodiment may further include a straight guiding section 3211 and an arc guiding section 3212, where the straight guiding section 3211 is tangential to the arc guiding section 3212, and the overall structure is smoother, so that slag can flow smoothly in the slag runner 323.
Further, the arc-shaped guiding section 3212 is disposed below the guard ring 322, and the arc-shaped guiding section 3212 is disposed concentrically with the guard ring 322; at this time, the straight guide sections 3211 of the adjacent two guide plates 321 are perpendicular to each other, which is more advantageous for the rapid flow process of slag in the slag runner 323.
In this embodiment, the circumferential edge covered by the outlet end of the slag runner 323 is more than one third of the circumferential edge of the guard ring 322, that is, the angle α in fig. 4 is not less than 30 degrees, so as to effectively ensure the efficiency of slag outflow.
In other examples of the present invention, the slag guiding member 32 may also adopt a structure of six vertical-shaped guiding plates 321 shown in fig. 5.
As shown in fig. 6-10, the slag separator 4 comprises a collecting tray 41 and a plurality of partition plates 42, wherein the collecting tray 41 is fixedly arranged relative to the furnace body 1 and positioned below the slag discharging tray 31, and is fixed relative to the furnace body 1 in a supporting frame manner; the collecting tray 41 has a slag collecting chamber 43 opened upward, and slag discharged from the tapping tray 31 enters the slag collecting chamber 43.
In order to realize the sealing connection between the collecting tray 41 and the slag pan 31, preferably, the outer ring of the collecting tray 41 located in the slag collecting chamber 43 is provided with a second water seal mechanism 6 in sealing connection with the slag pan 31, specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the second water seal mechanism 6 includes a second water seal plate 61 and a second water storage tank 62, the second water seal plate 61 is a vertical straight plate, the second water storage tank 62 is in a U shape, the second water seal plate 61 is arranged below the slag pan 31 and is located outside the slag collecting chamber 43, and the second water storage tank 62 is arranged above the collecting tray 41.
In order to supply air to the fire grate 2, the connection pipe 22 extends downward through the slag pan 31, and an air inlet 44 communicating with an air passage in the exhaust pipe is provided in the collecting pan 41, and sufficient air is supplied to the fire grate 2 through the air inlet 44 to perform a smooth combustion process.
Preferably, a third water seal mechanism 7 is arranged at the connection position of the air inlet 44 and the connecting pipe 22 to realize the sealing of the air channel from the air inlet 44 to the connecting pipe 22, specifically, the third water seal mechanism 7 comprises a third water seal plate 71 and a third water storage tank 72, the third water seal plate 71 is a vertical straight plate, the third water storage tank 72 is U-shaped, the third water seal plate 71 is positioned below the slag discharging plate 31 and fixedly arranged on the connecting pipe 22, and the third water storage tank 72 is arranged on the collecting plate 41 and is positioned outside the slag collecting chamber 43.
The number of the partition plates 42 in the present embodiment is 4 to 8, and preferably, the number of the partition plates 42 is the same as the number of the slag holes 311, and for example, 6 partition plates 42 are provided in particular; a plurality of partition plates 42 are fixed below the tapping tray 31 and within the slag collecting chamber 43, and the plurality of partition plates 42 divide the slag collecting chamber 43 into a plurality of sub-collecting cavities 431 in one-to-one correspondence with the tap holes 311 of the tapping tray 31.
Wherein a plurality of partition plates 42 are circumferentially disposed at the outer circumference of the connection pipe 22, the plurality of partition plates 42 are disposed along the radial direction of the collecting tray 41 and distributed with respect to the center array of revolution of the slag tray 31, thereby dividing the collecting tray 41 into a plurality of fan-shaped sub-collecting chambers 431 as shown in fig. 7.
Specifically, the bottom of the partition plate 42 is not in contact with the collecting tray 41, and there is a small gap therebetween in the vertical direction.
Referring to fig. 6 and 9, the projection of the sub-collecting chamber 431 on the horizontal plane completely covers the slag hole 311 of the slag pan 31 corresponding thereto, and the purpose of this is that the slag discharged to the sub-collecting chamber 431 can only flow in through the slag hole 311 corresponding thereto, and since the single sub-collecting chamber 431 contains less air, it is ensured that the slag is separated during the slag discharge, and the blocking phenomenon caused by the accumulation of high temperature slag is avoided while the cooling is realized.
Referring to fig. 10, in the present embodiment, two symmetrically arranged slag discharging ports 45 are provided at the bottom of the collecting tray 41, and the two slag discharging ports 45 are oppositely provided at both sides of the air inlet 44, so as to realize uniform discharge of slag in each sub-collecting cavity 431; during the rotation of the tapping panel 31, the positions of the sub-collecting chambers 431 are changed to finish the discharge of the slag in the sub-collecting chambers 431, respectively, and as shown in fig. 8 and 9, when the tapping hole 45 of the collecting panel 41 is opened, the slag in the sub-collecting chamber 431 is discharged from the tapping hole 45 and collected, for example, a collecting bin is provided at the tapping hole 45 to collect the slag.
Further, the sub-collecting chamber 431 in the present embodiment preferably completely covers the slag tap hole 45, and the caliber of the slag tap hole 45 is larger than that of the slag tap hole 311 in the slag pan 31 so as to better discharge the slag.
Referring again to fig. 10, the bottom of the collection tray 41 in this embodiment is also provided with a spare hole 46, which may be used as a manhole.
Preferably, flanges may be provided at the air inlet 44, the slag tap 45 and the spare hole 46 at the bottom of the collecting tray 41 for connection with external devices.
While the invention has been described in terms of preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. It is intended that all modifications within the scope of the invention, i.e., all equivalents thereof, be embraced by the invention as they come within their scope without departing from the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A dry-type deslagging biomass gasification furnace, comprises a furnace body and a dry-type deslagging furnace bottom structure, and is characterized in that the furnace bottom structure comprises:
a fire grate;
slag discharging means for discharging slag in the furnace body;
A slag separator for collecting and discharging slag in the slag discharging device;
The slag discharging device comprises a slag discharging disc which is arranged in a rotating way relative to the furnace body and a slag guiding component which is arranged in a fixed way relative to the furnace body, wherein the slag discharging disc is arranged below the fire grate and completely covers the bottom of the biomass gasification furnace, and a plurality of slag outlets are arranged below the fire grate on the slag discharging disc; the slag guiding component is arranged between the slag discharging disc and the fire grate in the vertical direction and is arranged outside the slag discharging holes in the horizontal direction;
The slag guiding member includes a plurality of guiding plates provided in a rotation direction of the slag tap pan, the plurality of guiding plates being inclined to be biased to a positive direction of the rotation direction of the slag tap pan; a gap is formed between two adjacent guide plates, a slag runner with a large inlet end and a small outlet end is formed between the two guide plates, a plurality of slag outlets are arranged at the outlet end of the slag runner, and the outlet end of the slag runner is positioned at the outer side of the slag outlet;
Wherein the slag separation device comprises a collecting tray for collecting slag, the collecting tray is fixedly arranged relative to the furnace body and is provided with a slag collecting chamber communicated with a plurality of slag holes;
The slag separation device further comprises a plurality of separation plates fixedly arranged below the slag tray, and the plurality of separation plates divide the slag collection chamber into a plurality of sub-collection chambers; the number of the partition plates is the same as that of the slag holes, the sub-collecting cavities are in one-to-one correspondence with the slag holes, and the sub-collecting cavities can completely cover the slag holes; wherein, the bottom of the partition plate is not contacted with the collecting tray, and a gap exists between the bottom of the partition plate and the collecting tray in the vertical direction; the rotation of the slag discharging tray is performed so that slag piled on the slag discharging tray is discharged from the plurality of slag holes to the slag separator after being guided by the slag guiding member.
2. The biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein said grate is a rotary grate, a tray is provided at the bottom of said grate, said tray is provided with a connecting pipe extending downward, and said tray is fixedly connected to said slag pan through said connecting pipe, so that said grate and said slag pan rotate synchronously.
3. The biomass gasification furnace according to claim 2, wherein said connection pipe is hollow and tubular, is disposed at the center of said tray and penetrates said slag pan, and an air passage for supplying air to said grate is provided inside said connection pipe.
4. A biomass gasification furnace according to claim 3, wherein said connecting pipe is provided at the center of said slag pan, and a plurality of said slag holes are distributed in a circumferential array or are arranged opposite to said connecting pipe.
5. The biomass gasification furnace according to claim 1, wherein a first water seal mechanism is arranged outside the furnace body and is in sealing connection with the slag discharging disc.
6. The biomass gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the collecting tray is provided with two slag discharging ports symmetrically arranged.
7. The biomass gasifier according to claim 1, wherein the outer ring of the collecting tray located in the slag collecting chamber is provided with a second water seal mechanism in sealing connection with the slag discharging tray.
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| CN201811578271.XA CN109504459B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Dry-type slag-discharging biomass gasification furnace |
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| CN201811578271.XA CN109504459B (en) | 2018-12-21 | 2018-12-21 | Dry-type slag-discharging biomass gasification furnace |
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| CN109504459B true CN109504459B (en) | 2024-04-26 |
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| CN109899797A (en) * | 2019-04-02 | 2019-06-18 | 上海多灵环保工程设备有限公司 | A kind of waste incinerator with multidirectional slag-tapping system |
| CN110437885B (en) * | 2019-07-17 | 2024-06-18 | 广州环渝能源科技有限公司 | Water cooling system of biomass gasification furnace |
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