Background technology
At present vapourizing furnace is maximum furnace bottom system is cap structure, air distributor structure, water-cooled grate structure, hand fire grate structure, and its ash method mostly is deadweight ash discharge or star-shaped feeding machine ash discharge.
For example, Chinese patent 201020245004.3 discloses a kind of fire grate of biomass gasification furnace, this fire grate comprises upper and lower fire grate and driving motor, upper fire-grating connection for transmission motor, driving motor transmission upper fire-grating make the upper and lower fire grate carbon gap of going out separately be staggered or overlap condition along go out the to-and-fro movement of carbon gap direction perpendicular to lower fire grating on lower fire grating; Upper and lower fire grate adopts the hollow steel pipe structure, the inner logical water coolant of hollow steel pipe.
Chinese patent 91201412.1 discloses a kind of rolling fire grate continuous gasification burning boiler, wherein rolling fire grate is comprised of one group of steel pipe, have aperture on steel pipe, steel pipe one end connection reducer, all the other steel pipes are connected by gear, and furnace chamber is comprised of window shutter grate and water-cooling jacket two portions, and be vertical shaft type, cone-shaped, up-small and down-big, the temperature control tube passes water-cooling jacket and fixed thereon, and the other end stretches out outside stove and is connected with regulated valve.
Chinese patent 200820023530.8 discloses ventilation terminal at the bottom of a kind of producer gas generator, and it comprises grate, grate bearing, blast pipe from top to bottom successively, and its blast pipe top in the grate bearing is provided with ventilation terminal buffering air output.
Chinese patent 200920186527.2 discloses the polygon high-efficiency and energy-saving gasifier of a kind of multilayer and has combed and bottom device, it is to be provided with quill shaft at the middle part of base, the upper end of base is provided with ash-pan, the middle part of ash-pan is shaped with center vent, the middle part of base is provided with semicircle stiffening web, quill shaft is connected by bolt with ash-pan, the left and right sides of quill shaft is provided with ventilation hole, on the quill shaft of ventilation hole lower end, thrust block is housed, the upper end of thrust block is provided with upper sleeve gasket, the downside of thrust block is equipped with Upper shaft sleeve, the Upper shaft sleeve downside is equipped with alignment bearing, be provided with lower sleeve gasket below alignment bearing, the bottom of quill shaft is exposed bull gear is housed, the bottom fire grate is equipped with in the upper end of ash-pan, large angleplied laminate fire grate is equipped with in the upper end of bottom fire grate, the upper end of large angleplied laminate fire grate is provided with 1~6 layer of fire grate successively, the bottom fire grate, large angleplied laminate fire grate and above 6 layers of fire grate are connected as one by bolted respectively.
Chinese patent application 200910183123.2 discloses a kind of bidirectional non-uniform matching air distributing water-cooled vibration grate and has comprised by the water cooling tube of several inclinations by the fire grate of setting spacing and being arranged side by side and forming, fire grate is fixed on bracing frame, be air compartment below bracing frame, the below of air compartment is discharge port; Connected by diaphragm between water cooling tube, have the air intake aperture on diaphragm; The entrance end of water cooling tube is connected with the import header, and the exit end of water cooling tube is connected with outlet header, and drive unit is connected with the bracing frame of fire grate bottom by connecting rod, for fire grate provides vibration.Be divided into dry initial combustion district, primary combustion zone and burning-out zone on the biomass travel direction, the percentage of open area in each district is different.And again according to 3 subareas that how much are divided into of biomass feeding amount, the closer to the subarea of material inlet, its percentage of open area is larger in dry initial combustion district.
The deficiency of technique scheme is: cap structure and air distributor structure do not have deslagging function, generally only make fluidized-bed applicable; Water-cooled grate has been avoided the high temperature burning problems, but owing to being fixed, the deslagging effect is not fine, is not suitable for large-scale vapourizing furnace and uses; Hand fire grate structure deslagging effect is better, although selected high temperature material, work-ing life is very short, is easy to scaling loss.
Therefore, the vapourizing furnace bottom construction that how to provide a kind of and can realize cloth wind effect preferably, can have higher thermotolerance again, also possess stronger continuous discharging slag ability becomes the problem that industry need to solve.
Summary of the invention
For the shortcoming of prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of bottom construction of vapourizing furnace, its can realize preferably cloth wind effect, again can have higher thermotolerance, also possess stronger continuous discharging slag ability.
To achieve these goals, the utility model provides a kind of bottom construction of vapourizing furnace, and it comprises open-topped ash bin, water-cooled grate and wind-distributing pipe road; Wherein, the bottom of ash bin is provided with slag notch; Water-cooled grate comprises the fire grate bar of many parallel arranged, more than the fire grate bar of these many parallel arranged is positioned at the top open part of the top of ash bin or ash bin, every bar oven tier pole is the pipe fitting with cavity that thermally conductive material is made, and the two ends of every bar oven tier pole all are positioned at outside the body of heater of vapourizing furnace; The wind-distributing pipe road is positioned at ash bin, and is positioned at the below of fire grate bar, and the wind-distributing pipe road is provided with a plurality of air outlets, and each air outlet points to below or side-lower; The wind-distributing pipe road is connected with gas blower outside being positioned at the vapourizing furnace body of heater by air supply duct.
The utility model is applicable to various vapourizing furnaces, includes but not limited to biomass gasifying furnace, coal gasifier, refuse gasification boiler etc.
In the utility model, the fire grate bar is the pipe fitting with cavity that thermally conductive material is made, and the thermally conductive material here is the higher material of thermal conductivity, such as metal or pottery etc.
In the utility model, the two ends of each fire grate bar are equipped with water-cooling joint.
In the utility model, water-cooled grate can cover on ash bin, and the two ends of each fire grate bar all are positioned at outside the body of heater of vapourizing furnace, so that the cavity in the fire grate bar is inputted heat-conducting medium, and the fire grate bar is driven.The heat-conducting medium here can be, for example water or heat conduction wet goods medium.
In the utility model, arrange needs according to the wind path in ash bin, the shape in wind-distributing pipe road can be various suitable shapes, for example annular of linear, arc line shaped, curved shape, sealing (for example annular) etc.
In the utility model, each air outlet in wind-distributing pipe road points to below or side-lower, makes air outlet downwards or the side-lower air-out, can prevent effectively that the lime-ash that air outlet is vaporized in stove from stopping up, and then realize cloth wind effect preferably.
In the utility model, gas blower can be the frequency conversion gas blower, with accurate adjustment air quantity.
The utility model makes fire grate have higher thermotolerance by water-cooled grate is set, thereby effectively avoids fire grate by the high temperature scaling loss; By the wind-distributing pipe road is set, and the air outlet in wind-distributing pipe road is pointed to below or side-lower, can prevent effectively that the lime-ash that air outlet is vaporized in stove from stopping up, and then realize cloth wind effect preferably.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, water-cooled grate comprises the drive-motor that is rotated be used to driving described fire grate bar.Correspondingly, the two ends of each fire grate bar are equipped with water-cooling swivel joint.By making the fire grate bar rotation of fire grate, can promote the lime-ash of piling up on fire grate to drop from the gap of fire grate, and then reach deslagging effect preferably.In this scheme, drive-motor can connect reduction box, exports rotating speed after slowing down by reduction box.In this scheme, the number of drive-motor can be one and also can be a plurality of.For example, can drive a fire grate bar rotation by a drive-motor; Also all fire grate bars can be divided into several groups, every group of fire grate bar drives rotation by a drive-motor; Can also drive all fire grate bars by a drive-motor is rotated.In this scheme, can adopt various ways of the prior art to realize driving a plurality of fire grate bar rotations by a drive-motor.For example, chain gear that can similar bike, the rotation of electric motor driving motion-work wheel, motion-work wheel is by a plurality of follow-up pulleys rotations of chain-driving, and then drives corresponding axles (fire grate bar) rotation by these a plurality of follow-up pulleys.In this scheme, drive-motor can be buncher (or variable-frequency motor), and simultaneously this motor of design can forward also can reverse in electrical equipment control, driving the fire grate bar with different turning to and the rotating speed rotation, thereby adapts to different deslagging requirements.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, every described fire grate bar all is equipped with blade, and this blade all is positioned at the body of heater of vapourizing furnace.Drive fire grate bar rotation by drive-motor, and then drive the blade rotary on the fire grate bar, can realize better deslagging effect, effectively fire grate is carried out initiatively scarfing cinder continuously, prevent that lime-ash from piling up on fire grate.According to another embodiment of the utility model, described blade is volution, multi-edge column-shaped or blade shape.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, the number in wind-distributing pipe road is many, and every wind-distributing pipe road all is connected with gas blower outside being positioned at the vapourizing furnace body of heater by air supply duct.Particularly, every wind-distributing pipe road all can arrange the adjustable valve of air quantity.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, arranging in many wind-distributing pipe roads is the pipelines (for example two rings, three rings, Fourth Ring or five rings) of many rings with one heart, and the pipeline that forms each ring is independence mutually, is connected with gas blower alone, in addition, can pass through the air quantity of the pipeline of each ring of airdoor control.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, the sidewall of ash bin is provided with a plurality of tangential blast inlets, and then air is entered in ash bin in the mode of eddy flow, and with respect to ash bin bottom, blast inlet is set, at the sidewall of ash bin, blast inlet being set can effectively avoid blast inlet to be stopped up by lime-ash.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, be respectively equipped with four airducts that make progress all around in ash bin, each airduct that makes progress all is connected with gas blower outside being positioned at the vapourizing furnace body of heater by air supply duct, and each airduct that makes progress is all controlled (this valve can be the adjustable valve of air quantity) by valve independently.Particularly, the air outlet of these four airducts and wind-distributing pipe road are positioned at same level.
According to another embodiment of the utility model, each airduct that makes progress is equipped with the blast cap that can be blown open, and this blast cap is provided with automatic reset mechanism, and this automatic reset mechanism can be such as elastic element or whippy structures such as springs.When the valve open of a certain airduct that makes progress, its blast cap is blown open, and gasifying medium (as air) is just blown in vapourizing furnace by the air outlet of this airduct; When its valve closes, this blast cap is got back to original position under the effect of its resetting mechanism, covers on the air outlet of airduct, prevents that the lime-ash in stove from stopping up air outlet.
Lime-ash for slag notch is discharged can adopt the multiple means of prior art to carry, and for example, can outwards carry by the helix transporting device of water-cooled, when carrying with realization, lime-ash is lowered the temperature.According to another embodiment of the utility model, it further comprises wet-type deslagging device, and this wet-type deslagging device comprises ash tube, worm conveyor, the tank that is connected with slag notch, and the bottom of ash tube passes into worm conveyor; Worm conveyor is obliquely installed, and its end passes in tank downwards.Tail ash and the collected ash content of cleaning apparatus in vapourizing furnace are transported in tank by ash tube, worm conveyor, thereby avoid the flying dust contaminate environment.
Compared with prior art, the utility model possesses following beneficial effect:
The utility model makes fire grate have higher thermotolerance by water-cooled grate is set, thereby effectively avoids fire grate by the high temperature scaling loss; By the wind-distributing pipe road is set, and the air outlet in wind-distributing pipe road is pointed to below or side-lower, can prevent effectively that the lime-ash that air outlet is vaporized in stove from stopping up, and then realize cloth wind effect preferably; By making the fire grate bar rotation of fire grate, can promote the lime-ash of piling up on fire grate to drop from the gap of fire grate, and then reach deslagging effect preferably; By on the fire grate bar, blade being set, make drive-motor drive the rotation of fire grate bar, and then drive the blade rotary on the fire grate bar, can realize better deslagging effect, effectively fire grate is carried out initiatively scarfing cinder continuously, prevent that lime-ash from piling up on fire grate.
The utility model is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, the bottom construction of the present embodiment comprises open-topped ash bin 1, water-cooled grate 2, wind-distributing pipe road (not shown).
Wherein, the bottom of ash bin 1 is provided with slag notch.
Water-cooled grate 2 comprises the fire grate bar 202 of the drive-motor 201 of adjustable speed, many parallel arranged.Drive-motor 201 is used for driving every bar oven tier pole 202 and is rotated.The fire grate bar 202 of many parallel arranged covers the top open part at ash bin.Every bar oven tier pole 202 is the metal tube with cavity, and the two ends of every bar oven tier pole 202 all are positioned at outside the body of heater of vapourizing furnace, and the two ends of every bar oven tier pole 202 are equipped with water-cooling swivel joint.Every bar oven tier pole 202 all is equipped with spiral vane 203, and spiral vane 203 can this fire grate bar be that turning axle is rotated, and spiral vane 203 all is positioned at the body of heater of vapourizing furnace.
The wind-distributing pipe road is positioned at ash bin 1, and is positioned at the below of fire grate bar 202.The number in wind-distributing pipe road is three, and arranging in these three wind-distributing pipe roads is the pipelines of concentric three rings, and the pipeline that forms each ring is independent mutually, is connected with frequency conversion gas blower outside being positioned at the vapourizing furnace body of heater by air supply duct alone.Every the wind-distributing pipe road all can arrange the adjustable valve of air quantity.The wind-distributing pipe road is provided with a plurality of air outlets, and each air outlet all points to below or side-lower.
Embodiment 2
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: further be respectively equipped with four airducts that make progress all around in ash bin, each airduct that makes progress all is connected with gas blower outside being positioned at the vapourizing furnace body of heater by air supply duct, and each airduct that makes progress is all controlled by the adjustable valve of air quantity.The wind-distributing pipe road of the air outlet of these four airducts and concentric many rings is positioned at same level.Each airduct that makes progress is equipped with the blast cap that can be blown open, and this blast cap is provided with automatic reset mechanism (for example spring).
Embodiment 3
The difference of the present embodiment and embodiment 1 is: (1) further is provided with a plurality of tangential blast inlets at the sidewall of ash bin; (2) further comprise wet-type deslagging device, it comprises ash tube, worm conveyor, the tank that is connected with slag notch, and the bottom of ash tube passes into worm conveyor; Worm conveyor is obliquely installed, and its end passes in tank downwards; (3) the fire grate bar is the vitrified pipe with cavity.
Although the utility model discloses as above with preferred embodiment, be not to limit the scope that the utility model is implemented.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, within not breaking away from invention scope of the present utility model, when doing a little improvement, namely every equal improvement of doing according to the utility model, should be scope of the present utility model and contain.