CN111686187A - Method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes - Google Patents

Method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes Download PDF

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CN111686187A
CN111686187A CN202010611533.9A CN202010611533A CN111686187A CN 111686187 A CN111686187 A CN 111686187A CN 202010611533 A CN202010611533 A CN 202010611533A CN 111686187 A CN111686187 A CN 111686187A
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purple sweet
sweet potatoes
active ingredients
selenium
containing antioxidant
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刘永贤
唐秀桦
潘丽萍
梁潘霞
王顺清
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Guangxi Zhuang Nationality Autonomous Region Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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    • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
    • A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
    • A61K36/88—Liliopsida (monocotyledons)
    • A61K36/894—Dioscoreaceae (Yam family)
    • A61K36/8945—Dioscorea, e.g. yam, Chinese yam or water yam
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
    • A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
    • A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
    • A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
    • A23L33/185—Vegetable proteins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K33/00—Medicinal preparations containing inorganic active ingredients
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
    • A23V2200/00—Function of food ingredients
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    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/10—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material
    • A61K2236/15—Preparation or pretreatment of starting material involving mechanical treatment, e.g. chopping up, cutting or grinding
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    • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
    • A61K2236/33—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones
    • A61K2236/333—Extraction of the material involving extraction with hydrophilic solvents, e.g. lower alcohols, esters or ketones using mixed solvents, e.g. 70% EtOH
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/30—Extraction of the material
    • A61K2236/39—Complex extraction schemes, e.g. fractionation or repeated extraction steps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K2236/00—Isolation or extraction methods of medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicine
    • A61K2236/50—Methods involving additional extraction steps
    • A61K2236/53—Liquid-solid separation, e.g. centrifugation, sedimentation or crystallization

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Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant extraction, in particular to a method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes. A method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes is characterized by comprising the following steps: (1) removing impurities from tubers of the purple sweet potatoes, slicing, drying and crushing to obtain purple sweet potato powder; (2) placing purple sweet potato powder into a round-bottom flask, adding ethanol with the mass fraction of 95%, heating and refluxing for extraction for 3 times, and collecting a refluxing solution to obtain a refluxing extracting solution; (3) centrifuging the reflux extractive solution for 20-30min, and collecting supernatant; (4) and (4) adding HCl into the supernatant obtained in the step (3) to adjust the pH value, then centrifuging for 15-20min, collecting the precipitate, and drying the precipitate. The extraction method provided by the invention is designed for purple sweet potatoes, is simple to operate and good in extraction effect, and can provide a basis for researching the influence of a planting area and a planting environment on selenium enrichment of purple sweet potatoes.

Description

Method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant extraction, in particular to a method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes.
Background
The purple sweet potato contains abundant beneficial elements such as zinc, calcium, magnesium and the like for human bodies, and particularly contains the optimal selenium element. Selenium element has become a vital fire and anticancer king by the world medical community, has the anticancer function of the selenium element exclusive to the first in all videos, and has the effects of improving human immunity, resisting and preventing cancers, softening blood vessels, reducing blood pressure and blood fat after long-term use. In view of the effect and efficacy of selenium element, increasing the selenium content in purple sweet potato will undoubtedly improve the economic value of purple sweet potato. The selenium content in the purple sweet potatoes is known to be different due to different objective conditions such as planting areas, planting environments and the like, so the influence of the planting areas and the planting environments on the selenium enrichment of the purple sweet potatoes needs to be researched to increase the selenium content of the purple sweet potatoes, and the selenium content in the purple sweet potatoes needs to be measured. In the prior art, a plurality of methods for extracting a certain component in plants are provided, and application number CN201910700446.8 discloses a method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active components in selenium-rich chrysanthemum, but the method is designed for the selenium-rich chrysanthemum. When the inventor adopts the method to extract the selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from the purple sweet potatoes, the extraction rate is low, and the extraction effect is poor.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes, which is designed for the purple sweet potatoes, has simple operation and good extraction effect and can provide a basis for researching the influence of a planting area and a planting environment on the selenium-rich of the purple sweet potatoes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes comprises the following steps:
(1) removing impurities from tubers of the purple sweet potatoes, slicing, drying and crushing to obtain purple sweet potato powder;
(2) placing purple sweet potato powder into a round-bottom flask, adding ethanol with the mass fraction of 95%, heating and refluxing for extraction for 3 times, and collecting a refluxing solution to obtain a refluxing extracting solution;
(3) centrifuging the reflux extractive solution for 20-30min, and collecting supernatant;
(4) and (4) adding HCl into the supernatant obtained in the step (3) to adjust the pH value, then centrifuging for 15-20min, collecting the precipitate, and drying the precipitate.
Preferably, the particle size of the purple sweet potato powder in the step (1) is 40-60 mesh.
Preferably, in the step (2), the material-liquid ratio of the sweet potato powder to the ethanol is 1: 15-20.
Preferably, the reflux extraction temperature in the step (2) is 70-80 ℃, and the reflux extraction time is 2.0-2.5 h.
Preferably, the rotation speed of the centrifugation in the step (3) is 2000-2500 r/min.
Preferably, the pH value in step (4) is adjusted to 3.5-5.0, and the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 3000-3500 r/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the method comprises the steps of processing purple sweet potatoes into purple sweet potato powder, performing reflux extraction for three times by using a Soxhlet extraction method, centrifuging a reflux extracting solution, collecting centrifuged supernatant, adjusting the pH value of the supernatant, and centrifuging again to precipitate selenoprotein contained in the supernatant. The whole extraction process is designed aiming at the purple sweet potatoes, so that the selenoprotein in the purple sweet potatoes can be extracted to the maximum extent, the extraction effect is good, the basis can be provided for researching the influence of a planting area and a planting environment on selenium enrichment of the purple sweet potatoes, the basis can be provided for how to increase the selenium content of the purple sweet potatoes, and the economic value of the purple sweet potatoes can be further improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention are described in detail below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes comprises the following steps:
(1) removing impurities from tubers of the purple sweet potatoes, slicing, drying, crushing, and sieving with a 40-mesh sieve to obtain purple sweet potato powder; weighing the mass of the purple sweet potato powder;
(2) placing purple sweet potato powder into a round-bottom flask, adding 95% ethanol by mass, heating to 70 ℃, performing reflux extraction for 3 times, each time for 2.0h, and collecting reflux solution to obtain reflux extract;
(3) centrifuging the reflux extractive solution at 2000r/min for 20min, and collecting supernatant;
(4) and (4) adding HCl into the supernatant obtained in the step (3) to adjust the pH value to 3.5, then centrifuging for 15min at the rotating speed of 3000r/min, collecting the precipitate, and drying the precipitate. And weighing the mass of the precipitate, namely the mass of the extracted selenoprotein.
In the step (2) of the present example, the ratio of sweet potato powder to ethanol is 1: 15.
example 2
A method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes comprises the following steps:
(1) removing impurities from tubers of the purple sweet potatoes, slicing, drying, crushing, and sieving with a 50-mesh sieve to obtain purple sweet potato powder; weighing the mass of the purple sweet potato powder;
(2) placing purple sweet potato powder into a round-bottom flask, adding 95% ethanol by mass, heating to 75 ℃, performing reflux extraction for 3 times, each time for 2.3h, and collecting reflux solution to obtain reflux extract;
(3) centrifuging the reflux extractive solution at 2250r/min for 25min, and collecting supernatant;
(4) and (4) adding HCl into the supernatant obtained in the step (3) to adjust the pH value to 4.2, then centrifuging for 17min at the rotating speed of 3250r/min, collecting the precipitate, and drying the precipitate. And weighing the mass of the precipitate, namely the mass of the extracted selenoprotein.
In the step (2) of the present example, the ratio of sweet potato powder to ethanol is 1: 18.
example 3
A method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes comprises the following steps:
(1) removing impurities from tubers of the purple sweet potatoes, slicing, drying, crushing, and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain purple sweet potato powder; weighing the mass of the purple sweet potato powder;
(2) placing purple sweet potato powder into a round-bottom flask, adding 95% ethanol by mass, heating to 80 ℃, performing reflux extraction for 3 times, each time for 2.5h, and collecting reflux solution to obtain reflux extract;
(3) centrifuging the reflux extractive solution at 2500r/min for 30min, and collecting supernatant;
(4) and (4) adding HCl into the supernatant obtained in the step (3) to adjust the pH value to 5.0, then centrifuging at the rotating speed of 3500r/min for 20min, collecting the precipitate, and drying the precipitate. And weighing the mass of the precipitate, namely the mass of the extracted selenoprotein.
In the step (2) of the present example, the ratio of sweet potato powder to ethanol is 1: 20.
comparative example 1
The extraction method is disclosed in application No. CN201910700446.8, and the disclosed optimal extraction process parameters are adopted.
Determination of extraction Rate
The extraction rates of selenoprotein and selenium in examples 1-3 were determined by hydride yard fluorescence spectrometry according to the method of GB/T5009.93-2010, and the results are shown in Table 1 below.
Selenoprotein extraction rate (%) (mass of extracted selenoprotein ÷ mass of purple sweet potato powder) × 100;
selenium extraction rate (%) (selenium content in extracted selenoprotein ÷ selenium content in purple sweet potato powder) × 100;
TABLE 1 Selenoprotein extraction and selenium extraction of the invention
Figure BDA0002561040860000041
Figure BDA0002561040860000051
As can be seen from Table 1, the extraction method of the invention has the highest selenium protein extraction rate of 4.61%, and the selenium extraction rate of 42.08%, which is obviously higher than that of comparative example 1.
Therefore, the extraction method can effectively extract the selenoprotein in the purple sweet potatoes and can provide a basis for researching the influence of the planting area and the planting environment on the selenium enrichment of the purple sweet potatoes.
The foregoing descriptions of specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been presented for purposes of illustration and description. It is not intended to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed, and obviously many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The exemplary embodiments were chosen and described in order to explain certain principles of the invention and its practical application to enable one skilled in the art to make and use various exemplary embodiments of the invention and various alternatives and modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims (6)

1. A method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) removing impurities from tubers of the purple sweet potatoes, slicing, drying and crushing to obtain purple sweet potato powder;
(2) placing purple sweet potato powder into a round-bottom flask, adding ethanol with the mass fraction of 95%, heating and refluxing for extraction for 3 times, and collecting a refluxing solution to obtain a refluxing extracting solution;
(3) centrifuging the reflux extractive solution for 20-30min, and collecting supernatant;
(4) and (4) adding HCl into the supernatant obtained in the step (3) to adjust the pH value, then centrifuging for 15-20min, collecting the precipitate, and drying the precipitate.
2. The method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the purple sweet potato powder in the step (1) is 40-60 mesh.
3. The method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material-to-liquid ratio of sweet potato powder to ethanol obtained in step (2) is 1: 15-20.
4. The method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the reflux extraction temperature in the step (2) is 70-80 ℃ and the reflux extraction time is 2.0-2.5 h.
5. The method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of the centrifugation in the step (3) is 2000-2500 r/min.
6. The method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pH value in step (4) is adjusted to 3.5-5.0, and the rotation speed of the centrifugation is 3000-.
CN202010611533.9A 2020-06-29 2020-06-29 Method for extracting selenium-containing antioxidant active ingredients from purple sweet potatoes Pending CN111686187A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114344941A (en) * 2022-01-06 2022-04-15 武汉轻工大学 Application of strong acid oxidation electrolyzed water in improving extraction content of selenium active component

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