CN111670754A - Edible fungus inoculation process for liquid fungus - Google Patents
Edible fungus inoculation process for liquid fungus Download PDFInfo
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- CN111670754A CN111670754A CN202010745678.8A CN202010745678A CN111670754A CN 111670754 A CN111670754 A CN 111670754A CN 202010745678 A CN202010745678 A CN 202010745678A CN 111670754 A CN111670754 A CN 111670754A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/50—Inoculation of spawn
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/30—Accessories for use before inoculation of spawn, e.g. sterilisers
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- Mycology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus inoculation, in particular to an edible fungus inoculation process for liquid fungus, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: s1: fully stirring the raw materials such as wood chips, wheat bran, gypsum and the like according to the formula proportion of different fungus sticks and the growth characteristics of liquid strains according to the corresponding formula standards, wherein the stirring time is about 20-60min until the materials are uniformly stirred: placing the fully stirred raw materials into a container with sieve pores, and placing the container into an autoclave for high-pressure steam sterilization in a layered manner; s2: placing the steamed raw materials in a purification workshop for precooling, naturally cooling to 80 ℃, and carrying out forced cooling to reduce the temperature to below 28 ℃; or directly feeding the steamed raw materials into a forced cooling chamber to cool to below 28 ℃: s3: and uniformly spraying the liquid strains on the sterilized raw materials, uniformly stirring, and bagging the stirred raw materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus inoculation, in particular to an edible fungus inoculation process for liquid fungus.
Background
The edible fungi can be used as large-scale fungi for human consumption. The edible fungus is edible mushroom; the mushroom refers to a large fungus which can form large fleshy (or colloid) fruiting body or sclerotium tissue and can be eaten or used by people, and is generally called mushroom. More than 350 kinds of edible fungi are known in China, and most of the edible fungi belong to the subphylum basidiomycotina.
In the prior art, the fungus stick used for inoculating the edible fungi of the liquid strains has long sterilization time which reaches 3 to 20 hours, and the nutrition consumption is large, thereby causing the fruiting yield to be influenced; and the existing liquid strain inoculation process has the defects of high inoculation pollution rate and long spawn running time.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides an edible fungus seed inoculation process for liquid fungus seeds.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
an edible fungus seed inoculation process for liquid fungus seeds comprises the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing the raw materials, placing the raw materials into a container with sieve pores, and placing the container into an autoclave for high-pressure steam sterilization in layers, wherein the raw materials are fully stirred for about 20-60min according to formula proportions of different bacteria sticks and growth characteristics of liquid strains and according to corresponding formula standards, and the stirring is performed until the raw materials are uniformly stirred;
s2: placing the steamed raw materials in a purification workshop for precooling, naturally cooling to 80 ℃, and carrying out forced cooling to reduce the temperature to below 28 ℃; or directly feeding the steamed raw materials into a forced cooling chamber to cool to below 28 ℃:
s3: and uniformly spraying the liquid strains on the sterilized raw materials, uniformly stirring, and bagging the stirred raw materials.
All the above operations are carried out under sterile conditions in a clean-up workshop.
Preferably, the temperature is controlled at 120-123 ℃ when the pressure of high-pressure sterilization in S1 is 0.012-0.014 Mpa; the pressure is 0.014-0.016MPa, and the temperature is controlled at 125-130 ℃.
Preferably, the strong cooling in S2 is performed by using a refrigerant, and the temperature of the refrigerator is controlled to be 22-25 ℃.
Furthermore, 30-60g of liquid strain is prepared for every 500g of raw material in S3.
Preferably, the placing thickness of the raw materials in S1 is 4-8cm, and the placing density of the raw materials is 0.20-0.35kg/dm3。
Further, the autoclaving time of the raw materials in S1 is 30-60 min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the edible fungus inoculation process for the liquid fungus directly sterilizes and evaporates the bulk materials at high temperature, can realize quick temperature rise and quick temperature reduction of the materials, and thus solves the problems of large nutrient consumption, high pollution rate and long fungus growing time caused by long fungus rod sterilization time; and the inoculation process provided by the invention can complete inoculation in a reduced bag at one time, so that the time from rod making to inoculation is saved.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
an edible fungus seed inoculation process for liquid fungus seeds comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing sawdust, testa Tritici, Gypsum Fibrosum, etc. uniformly, placing into a container with sieve mesh, wherein the placing thickness of the raw materials is 4cm, and the placing density is 0.35kg/dm3And the containers are arranged in a high-pressure sterilization cabinet in a layered manner for high-pressure steam sterilization, the pressure of the high-pressure sterilization is 0.012-0.014Mpa, the temperature is 120-;
s2: placing the steamed raw materials in a purification workshop for precooling, naturally cooling to 80 ℃, and carrying out forced cooling to reduce the temperature to below 28 ℃; the strong cooling adopts a refrigerant to cool, and the temperature of a refrigerating machine is controlled to be 22-25 ℃.
S3: uniformly spraying the liquid strain of the mushroom L26 on the sterilized raw materials, and uniformly stirring, wherein 30g of the liquid strain is prepared per 500g of the raw materials; bagging the stirred raw materials.
All the above operations are carried out under sterile conditions in a clean-up workshop.
Example 2:
an edible fungus seed inoculation process for liquid fungus seeds comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing sawdust, testa Tritici, Gypsum Fibrosum, etc. uniformly, placing in a container with sieve mesh, wherein the placing thickness of the raw materials is 6cm, and the placing density is 0.30kg/dm3And the containers are arranged in a high-pressure sterilization cabinet in a layered manner for high-pressure steam sterilization, the pressure of the high-pressure sterilization is 0.014-0.016Mpa, the temperature is 125-;
s2: placing the steamed raw materials in a purification workshop for precooling, naturally cooling to 80 ℃, and carrying out forced cooling to reduce the temperature to below 28 ℃; the strong cooling adopts a refrigerant to cool, and the temperature of a refrigerating machine is controlled to be 22-25 ℃.
S3: uniformly spraying the liquid strain of the mushroom L26 on the sterilized raw materials, and uniformly stirring, wherein 40g of the liquid strain is prepared per 500g of the raw materials; bagging the stirred raw materials.
All the above operations are carried out under sterile conditions in a clean-up workshop.
Example 3:
an edible fungus seed inoculation process for liquid fungus seeds comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing sawdust, testa Tritici, Gypsum Fibrosum, etc. uniformly, placing in a container with sieve mesh, wherein the placing thickness of the raw materials is 7cm, and the placing density is 0.25kg/dm3And the containers are arranged in a high-pressure sterilization cabinet in a layered manner for high-pressure steam sterilization, the pressure of the high-pressure sterilization is 0.014-0.016Mpa, the temperature is 125-;
s2: directly feeding the steamed raw materials into a forced cooling chamber to cool to below 28 ℃; the strong cooling adopts a refrigerant to cool, and the temperature of a refrigerating machine is controlled to be 22-25 ℃.
S3: uniformly spraying the liquid strain of the mushroom L26 on the sterilized raw materials, and uniformly stirring, wherein 50g of the liquid strain is prepared per 500g of the raw materials; bagging the stirred raw materials.
All the above operations are carried out under sterile conditions in a clean-up workshop.
Example 4:
an edible fungus seed inoculation process for liquid fungus seeds comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing sawdust, testa Tritici, Gypsum Fibrosum, etc. uniformly, placing in a container with sieve mesh, wherein the placing thickness of the raw materials is 8cm, and the placing density is 0.20kg/dm3And the containers are arranged in a high-pressure sterilization cabinet in a layered manner for high-pressure steam sterilization, the pressure of the high-pressure sterilization is 0.012-0.014Mpa, the temperature is 120-;
s2: placing the steamed raw materials in a purification workshop for precooling, naturally cooling to 80 ℃, and carrying out forced cooling to reduce the temperature to below 28 ℃; the strong cooling adopts a refrigerant to cool, and the temperature of a refrigerating machine is controlled to be 22-25 ℃.
S3: uniformly spraying the liquid strain of the mushroom L26 on the sterilized raw materials, and uniformly stirring, wherein 60g of the liquid strain is prepared per 500g of the raw materials; bagging the stirred raw materials.
All the above operations are carried out under sterile conditions in a clean-up workshop.
Comparative example 1
The edible fungus inoculation process of the solid fungus comprises the following specific steps:
s1: uniformly mixing sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum and other raw materials, bagging, and then placing into an autoclave for high-pressure steam sterilization, wherein the pressure of the high-pressure sterilization is 0.012-0.014Mpa, the temperature is 120-;
s2: placing the steamed bagged raw materials into a purification workshop for precooling, naturally cooling to 80 ℃, and carrying out forced cooling to reduce the temperature to below 28 ℃; the strong cooling adopts a refrigerant to cool, and the temperature of a refrigerating machine is controlled at 22-25 ℃;
s3: inoculating mushroom L26 solid strain into bagged fungus stick, and preparing 60g liquid strain per 500g raw material;
all the above operations are carried out under aseptic conditions.
Comparative example 2
The edible fungus inoculation process of the solid fungus comprises the following specific steps:
s1: uniformly mixing sawdust, wheat bran, gypsum and other raw materials, bagging, and then placing into an autoclave for high-pressure steam sterilization, wherein the pressure of the high-pressure sterilization is 0.012-0.014Mpa, the temperature is 120-;
s2: placing the steamed bagged raw materials into a purification workshop for precooling, naturally cooling to 80 ℃, and carrying out forced cooling to reduce the temperature to below 28 ℃; the strong cooling adopts a refrigerant to cool, and the temperature of a refrigerating machine is controlled at 22-25 ℃;
s3: inoculating mushroom L26 solid strain into bagged fungus stick, and preparing 60g liquid strain per 500g raw material;
all the above operations are carried out under aseptic conditions.
And (3) performance testing:
the liquid strain of mushroom L26 was inoculated by the inoculation technique described in examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1-2, and then the stick of mushroom (mass of stick of mushroom 1.7kg) was placed in a culture room for light-shielding culture at 24 ℃ and relative humidity of 65-67%, and after inoculation, the stick of mushroom was placed in a constant temperature culture room for light-shielding culture. 20-80 pricked holes are formed in each fungus stick, the temperature is controlled to be 20-22 ℃, the relative humidity is 65% -68%, and CO is added2The concentration is below 300ppm, the hypha grows over the fungus stick, then the hole is punctured to increase oxygen, illumination is given, the fruiting temperature is controlled to be 10-25 ℃, and the fruiting is carried out and collected.
A control group (the control group is the prior inoculation process and specifically comprises the following steps of:
inoculating liquid strain L26 to a commercial mushroom stick (prepared from wood chips and wheat bran) of 1.7kg, wherein the inoculation amount is 60g per 500g, placing the mushroom stick in a culture room for light-shielding culture at 24 deg.C and relative humidity of 65-67%, and placing the mushroom stick in a constant temperature culture room for light-shielding culture. 20-80 pricked holes are formed in each fungus stick, the temperature is controlled to be 20-22 ℃, the relative humidity is 65% -68%, and CO is added2The concentration is below 3000ppm, the hypha grows over the fungus stick and then is pricked to increase oxygen, the illumination is given, the fruiting temperature is controlled to be 10-25 ℃,and (6) fruiting and harvesting.
The infectious microbe infection condition, the spawn running time and the biotransformation rate in the culture process of each test group of strains are observed and counted, and the statistical results are shown in the following table:
| item | Infectious rate of infectious microbes (%) | Spawn running time (d) | Biotransformation ratio (%) |
| Example 1 | 0.5 | 19 | 68.6 |
| Example 2 | 0.4 | 18 | 67.8 |
| Example 3 | 0.6 | 20 | 68.5 |
| Example 4 | 0.3 | 19 | 67.9 |
| Comparative example 1 | 12.6 | 20 | 68.2 |
| Comparative example 2 | 2.3 | 25 | 65.3 |
| Control group | 4.8 | 28 | 62.5 |
Compared with the examples 1-4 and the control group, the inoculation process provided by the invention has the advantages of shorter spawn running time of the mushrooms, lower infectious microbe infection rate and higher biotransformation rate compared with the traditional inoculation process.
Compared with the embodiment 4 and the comparative examples 1-2, the invention greatly shortens the sterilization time of the raw materials by directly steaming the bulk materials, avoids the raw material nutrition consumption caused by long-time steaming, is beneficial to the growth of strains, and has excellent application prospect.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. An edible fungus seed inoculation process for liquid fungus seeds is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: uniformly mixing the raw materials, placing the raw materials into a container with sieve pores, and placing the container into an autoclave for high-pressure steam sterilization in a layered manner;
s2: placing the steamed raw materials in a purification workshop for precooling, naturally cooling to 80 ℃, and carrying out forced cooling to reduce the temperature to below 28 ℃; or directly feeding the steamed raw materials into a forced cooling chamber to cool to below 28 ℃:
s3: uniformly spraying liquid strains on the sterilized raw materials, uniformly stirring, and bagging the stirred raw materials;
all the above operations are carried out under sterile conditions in a clean-up workshop.
2. The inoculation process for liquid strains of edible fungi as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pressure of high pressure sterilization in S1 is 0.012-0.014MPa, and the temperature is controlled at 120-; the pressure is 0.014-0.016MPa, and the temperature is controlled at 125-130 ℃.
3. The edible fungus seed inoculation process for liquid fungus seeds as claimed in claim 1, wherein the strong cold in S2 is refrigerated by using a refrigerant, and the temperature of a refrigerator is controlled at 22-25 ℃.
4. The process for inoculating edible fungus seed for liquid fungus culture as claimed in claim 1, wherein 30-60g of liquid fungus seed is prepared for every 500g of raw material in S3.
5. The process for inoculating a liquid spawn with an edible fungus according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the raw material in S1 is 4-8cm, and the density of the raw material is 0.20-0.35kg/dm3。
6. The process for inoculating domestic fungus for liquid spawn according to claim 2, wherein the time for autoclaving the raw materials in S1 is 30-60 min.
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101647369A (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2010-02-17 | 天津市林业果树研究所 | New process for producing three-level strain of edible fungus |
| CN105557311A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-05-11 | 丽水市农业科学研究院 | Method for making edible fungus stick |
| CN107711287A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-02-23 | 日照市经济作物站 | It is a kind of to produce the method for black fungus and quantitative classification inoculation apparatus with liquid spawn |
| CN207428023U (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-06-01 | 宽城聚盛园食用菌种植有限公司 | A kind of movable type edible fungi liquid strain seeder |
| CN108419614A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-21 | 安徽省佳康食用菌科技开发有限责任公司 | Automatic intelligent multifunctional edible mushroom liquid strain inoculation device |
| CN110959461A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-07 | 河南日星智能装备有限公司 | Edible mushroom factory cleaning workshop |
-
2020
- 2020-07-29 CN CN202010745678.8A patent/CN111670754A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101647369A (en) * | 2009-09-17 | 2010-02-17 | 天津市林业果树研究所 | New process for producing three-level strain of edible fungus |
| CN105557311A (en) * | 2016-01-11 | 2016-05-11 | 丽水市农业科学研究院 | Method for making edible fungus stick |
| CN107711287A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-02-23 | 日照市经济作物站 | It is a kind of to produce the method for black fungus and quantitative classification inoculation apparatus with liquid spawn |
| CN207428023U (en) * | 2017-11-27 | 2018-06-01 | 宽城聚盛园食用菌种植有限公司 | A kind of movable type edible fungi liquid strain seeder |
| CN108419614A (en) * | 2018-04-11 | 2018-08-21 | 安徽省佳康食用菌科技开发有限责任公司 | Automatic intelligent multifunctional edible mushroom liquid strain inoculation device |
| CN110959461A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-04-07 | 河南日星智能装备有限公司 | Edible mushroom factory cleaning workshop |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 张胜友等: "《食用菌菌种生产技术》", 30 June 2017, 中国科学技术出版社 * |
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