CN111666667A - Method for determining flow of riverbed making of swimming river - Google Patents

Method for determining flow of riverbed making of swimming river Download PDF

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CN111666667A
CN111666667A CN202010466315.0A CN202010466315A CN111666667A CN 111666667 A CN111666667 A CN 111666667A CN 202010466315 A CN202010466315 A CN 202010466315A CN 111666667 A CN111666667 A CN 111666667A
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flow
bed
river
making
value
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CN111666667B (en
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来志强
江恩慧
赵连军
王仲梅
徐梓曜
任棐
徐阳
梅锐锋
武彩萍
吴国英
樊科伟
李军华
王远见
张向萍
许琳娟
来嘉豪
潘丽
王嘉仪
任艳粉
张文皎
张敏
王贞
来亮
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Yellow River Institute of Hydraulic Research
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for determining the bed-building flow of an oscillating river channel, which belongs to the field of hydraulic engineering, and the IPC classification number of the method is E02B 1/00. The invention absorbs the basic idea of the classical makavjer method for analyzing and calculating the bed-building flow, and two important parameters are defined: flow level length parameter Δ Q1And flow level movement distance parameter Δ Q2The flow magnitude moving accumulation bed making capacity is obtained sequentially, the flow process data are fully and effectively utilized, and errors caused by manual dividing and distributing of the flow magnitude are avoided. Flow level length parameter Δ Q1Flow level movement distance parameter Δ Q2Both the parameters are easy to select objectively, the change of the two parameters in a large range has no influence on the determination of the first and second bed making flow, and the calculated bed making flow is more objective and accurate.

Description

Method for determining flow of riverbed making of swimming river
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for determining the bed-building flow of an oscillating river channel, which belongs to the field of hydraulic engineering, and the IPC classification number of the method is E02B 1/00.
Background
Most of the wandering rivers develop in plain areas and are characterized in that the mainstream swings indefinitely and the river situation changes complicatedly. In plain areas, the population is dense, and in addition, the flow process of the swimming riverways is changed violently, so that the flood control pressure of the riverways is huge, and particularly the downstream river sections of the yellow rivers are most famous. When river flood control and regulation are carried out, a key flow parameter equivalent to the comprehensive bed-building effect in the flow process for many years, namely the bed-building flow, needs to be determined.
The current commonly used methods for determining the flow rate of a building bed comprise a flat flow method (such as Chinese patent application CN110555248A), a sand conveying rate method (such as Chinese patent CN106759063B and CN107401140B) and a sand conveying capacity method. The most classical calculation method proposed by makavejev, a presorter of soviet union, namely the makavejev method, is the most applicable to engineering practice. This method considers that the bedding effect of a certain flow is related to both the sand transport capacity of that flow and the duration of that flow. The former is proportional to the product of the m-th power of the flow Q and the drop J, and the latter is expressed in terms of the frequency P at which the flow occurs. The expression of the bed making capacity of the method is QmJP, where m is the sand transport rate G of the measured section on a log-log coordinatesThe slope of a line fitted to the corresponding flow rate Q; dividing the flow process of the river reach section changing along with time into a plurality of flow levels with equal intervals, and counting the frequency P of the flow occurring in each flow level. Finally, the process will typically result in two build flows, a first build flow and a second build flow.
A plurality of scholars adopt a Makawei Yefu method to widely analyze the change law of the bed-building flow of a downstream river channel of the yellow river, a middle-downstream river channel of a Songhua river, a river channel of the Yangtze river, a river channel of a Huaihe river and a snow-melting river channel in Xinjiang. However, the flow process of the wandering river varies drastically, and the flow extremum range is large. When the makavejeff method is adopted, the frequency P value corresponding to each flow is obviously influenced by the artificial dividing flow magnitude, and further great errors are brought to the calculation result of the bed-building flow: if the flow magnitude is small, the real value of a certain small flow magnitude is covered due to overhigh occurrence frequency, and the flow magnitude value is more and not obvious; if the flow magnitude is too large, the calculated bed forming flow error is large. At present, no unified theorem exists on how to select the flow magnitude, and most scholars select the flow magnitude according to experience during calculation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, provides a water storage and sand discharge separation scheduling method in flood season, which is convenient to implement, low in cost and high in safety, aims to solve the problems, and provides a method for determining the bed forming flow of the oscillating river channel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following scheme:
a method for determining the flow of a swimming riverway bed-building bed comprises the following steps:
step 1, defining a series of flow levels as follows:
Figure BSA0000210039470000021
in the formula
Figure BSA0000210039470000022
Upper and lower bounds of flow magnitude, respectively, Δ Q1For each set of flow level length, defined as
Figure BSA0000210039470000023
ΔQ2Is the distance traveled by the flow level, defined as
Figure BSA0000210039470000024
niIs the number of flow levels.
Step 2, arranging the actually measured flow data of the analyzed river according to the numerical value from small to large, and finding out the minimum value QminAnd maximum value Qmax(ii) a 1 st flow stage
Figure BSA0000210039470000025
Lower boundary of (1)
Figure BSA0000210039470000026
Assigned a value of QminA series of flow levels defined by equation (1)
Figure BSA0000210039470000027
The expression is as follows:
[Qmin+(i-1)ΔQ2，Qmin+(i-1)ΔQ2+ΔQ1)(i＝1，2，…ni) (2)
selecting Δ Q1Is QmaxInteger in hundred around 15, Δ Q2Is selected as the unit flow value.
Step 3, for the ith traffic level
Figure BSA0000210039470000031
Define its characterized flow as
Figure BSA0000210039470000032
Counting all the flow rates falling into the ith flow rate class in the analyzed river channel measured flow data
Figure BSA0000210039470000033
Adding the bed making capacity to obtain the characteristic bed making capacity of the ith flow magnitude
Figure BSA0000210039470000034
Wherein n isjTo fall within the ith flow level
Figure BSA0000210039470000035
The number of (2); m is the sand conveying rate G of the actually measured section on the double logarithmic coordinatessThe slope of a line fitted to the corresponding flow rate Q; j is the river sectionAverage slope of (d); upper bound of current magnitude
Figure BSA0000210039470000036
Changing to be more than or equal to the maximum value Q in the analyzed river channel actual measurement flow datamaxAnd then, the last counting is finished.
Step 4, drawing
Figure BSA0000210039470000037
In the figure, the area enclosed by the figure is obtained by integration
Figure BSA0000210039470000038
To pair
Figure BSA0000210039470000039
Performing a normalization process, i.e.
Figure BSA00002100394700000310
Drawing Qi～ΦiGraph, finding phi in the graphiThe flow rate corresponding to the maximum value of (1) is the first bed-making flow rate, find out phiiThe flow rate corresponding to the second largest value of (a) is the second bed forming flow rate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention absorbs the basic idea of the classical makavjer method for the analysis and calculation of the bed-building flow, and fully and effectively utilizes the flow process data by solving the flow magnitude moving accumulation bed-building capacity in sequence, thereby avoiding the error caused by dividing the flow magnitude manually. In the method for calculating the bed-making flow, each group of flow level length parameters delta Q1Flow level movement distance parameter Δ Q2Both the parameters are easy to select objectively, the change of the two parameters in a large range has no influence on the determination of the first and second bed making flow, and the calculated bed making flow is more objective and accurate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the sand transport rate G of the measured cross section in the 1986-2015 dual logarithmic coordinates of the garden opening at the downstream of the yellow riversA graph of Q versus corresponding flow;
FIG. 2 shows the garden of the yellow river in 1986About 2015 years of flow level of 100m3A Makavjeff method bed-making flow analysis chart under the condition of/s;
FIG. 3 shows that the flow rate of the garden opening downstream of the yellow river is 800m between 1986 and 20153A Makavjeff method bed-making flow analysis chart under the condition of/s;
FIG. 4 is a flow level length parameter Δ Q involved in an embodiment of the present invention1And flow level movement distance parameter Δ Q2A schematic diagram;
FIG. 5 is a graph of delta Q according to an embodiment of the present invention1Is 500m3S and Δ Q2Is 1m3A bed-making flow analysis chart from 1986 to 2015 of a garden opening at the downstream of the yellow river in/s;
FIG. 6 is a graph of delta Q according to an embodiment of the present invention1Is 500m3S and Δ Q2Is 1m3A bed-making flow analysis diagram after normalization treatment in 1986-2015 of garden mouths at the downstream of the yellow river in/s;
FIG. 7 is a graph of delta Q according to an embodiment of the present invention1Is 500m3/s、ΔQ2Are respectively 1, 50, 100, 300 and 600m3A bed-making flow analysis chart from 1986 to 2015 of a garden opening at the downstream of the yellow river in/s;
FIG. 8 is a graph of delta Q according to an embodiment of the present invention2Is 1m3/s、ΔQ1Respectively 200, 300, 400, 500, 600m3The bed-making flow analysis chart of garden mouths at the downstream of the yellow river in the time of/s from 1986 to 2015.
Detailed Description
Firstly, the defects of the prior method are indicated by practical calculation examples with the attached drawings.
Taking the garden port river channel downstream of the yellow river as an example, based on the measured hydrological data of a garden port hydrological station (the south bank of the yellow river at 17 km of the suburb in the Heizhou province, Zheng city, Henan province) in 1986 to 2015, the conventional makavejeff method is adopted to determine the bed-building flow rate of the garden port river channel downstream of the yellow river: (1) the sand conveying rate G of the section on the double logarithmic coordinates from 1986 to 2015 of the garden opening is countedsThe slope of the line was fitted to the flow rate Q to give m of 2.1, as shown in FIG. 1. (2) The minimum value of the daily average flow of the garden opening from 1986 to 2015 is 7.58m3At a maximum of 7270m3And s. The measured gradient was averaged to obtain J0.0002. When the artificially divided flow level is 100m3When the flow is/s, respectively counting the garden opening to measure the daily average flow falling into each flow magnitude [0m3/s，100m3/s)、[100m3/s，200m3/s)······[7200m3/s，7300m3/s) frequency P value. (3) Drawing Q to QmJP, as shown in FIG. 2, calculates the first and second bed forming flow rates (circle mark) and (square mark) to 858m, respectively3S and 1260m3/s。
When the artificially divided flow level is 800m3When the flow is/s, the step (2) is changed to respectively count the daily average flow falling into each flow magnitude [0m3/s，800m3/s)、[800m3/s，1600m3/s)······[7200m3/s，8000m3P value of frequency,/s); the steps (1) and (3) are unchanged. FIG. 3 shows Q to Q obtainedmJP relational graph shows that the calculated first and second bed forming flow rates were 1060m, respectively3S and 5053m3/s。
It can be seen that, with the prior art, the artificial division flow magnitude has a great influence on the result of the ma kavejeff-method bed-building flow calculation: when the flow level is taken to be small, a real value of a certain small flow level is covered due to overhigh occurrence frequency, the flow level values are more, the inflection point of the bed making capacity curve is not obvious, and the subjective factor is larger when the bed making flow is determined; if the flow magnitude is large, part of inflection points cannot be calculated, and the calculation result precision is not high.
Hereinafter, a specific embodiment of the method for determining the bed-building flow rate of the oscillating river according to the present invention will be described in detail.
Similarly, the river reach analyzed by the embodiment is the river reach of the garden downstream of the yellow river, the adopted hydrological data are the data of daily average flow, daily average sand transportation rate, average ratio drop and the like of the garden mouth hydrological station from 1986 to 2015, and the calculation result can be compared with the calculation result of the makavejeff method.
The invention relates to a method for determining the flow of a swimming riverway bed, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, defining a series of flow magnitude levels
Figure BSA0000210039470000051
In the formula
Figure BSA0000210039470000052
The upper and lower boundaries of the ith flow magnitude respectively; delta Q1For each set of flow level length, defined as
Figure BSA0000210039470000053
ΔQ2Is the distance traveled by the flow level, defined as
Figure BSA0000210039470000054
The physical meaning is shown in FIG. 4; n isiIs the number of flow levels.
Step 2, arranging the daily average flow of the garden opening hydrological station from 1986 to 2015 according to the numerical value from small to large, and finding out the minimum value Q of the flowmin＝7.58m3S and maximum value Qmax＝7270m3S; 1 st flow stage
Figure BSA0000210039470000061
Lower boundary of (1)
Figure BSA0000210039470000062
Is assigned a value of
Figure BSA0000210039470000063
Selecting Δ Q1Is QmaxInteger in hundred around/15, i.e. Δ Q1＝500m3/s；ΔQ2Is selected as the value of unit flow, i.e. Δ Q2＝1m3And s. The ith traffic stage
Figure BSA0000210039470000064
Can be expressed as [6.58+ i, 6.58+ i +500) (i is 1, 2, … ni)。
Step 3, for the 1 st traffic class
Figure BSA0000210039470000065
Characterized by a flow rate of
Figure BSA0000210039470000066
Counting the flow of the garden opening daily average flow data falling within the 1 st flow level
Figure BSA0000210039470000067
Series, i.e. total 3419 flows in the 1 st flow order; for the daily average sand conveying rate G of the garden opening on the double logarithmic coordinatessPerforming linear fitting with a corresponding daily average flow Q relation curve to obtain the slope m of a fitting straight line which is 2.1; the measured ratio drop at the garden opening is averaged to obtain J0.0002. For the flow falling into the 1 st flow level
Figure BSA0000210039470000068
Is accumulated to obtain the characteristic bed making capacity
Figure BSA0000210039470000069
For 2 nd traffic class
Figure BSA00002100394700000610
Q can be obtained by the same calculation method2＝258.58、
Figure BSA00002100394700000611
For the ith traffic stage
Figure BSA00002100394700000612
Q can be obtained by the same calculation methodi、
Figure BSA00002100394700000613
When in use
Figure BSA00002100394700000614
When i is 6764, i.e. when
Figure BSA00002100394700000615
The last statistical calculation is finished, and 6764 groups of Q are obtained in totaliAnd
Figure BSA00002100394700000616
step 4, drawing
Figure BSA00002100394700000617
Graph, as shown in FIG. 5, the area enclosed by the graph is obtained by integration
Figure BSA00002100394700000618
In order to facilitate the comparison of the bed-making capacities of different flow magnitudes, the pair
Figure BSA00002100394700000619
Is subjected to normalization treatment
Figure BSA00002100394700000620
Drawing Qi～ΦiGraph, as shown in FIG. 6, in which Φ is foundiMaximum value of 4.45 × 10-4(marked by circles in the figure) and the corresponding flow rate is the first bed-making flow rate, namely 910m3/s，Φi2.62 × 10 of the second largest peak-4(marked at block in the figure) corresponding to a second bed forming flow, 2670m3And s. Compared with the flat flow obtained by statistics from 1986 to 2015 at the garden opening, the calculated bed-making flow is consistent with the average value of the flat flow for many years, which shows that the calculation result is objective and accurate.
The invention relates to a method for determining the flow of an oscillating riverway bed, which relates to two set parameters, namely the length delta Q of each flow level1And distance of flow stage movement Δ Q2. Still based on the actual hydrological data of the garden opening section of the downstream of the yellow river from 1986 to 2015, the delta Q is fixed1＝500m3Respectively calculating when Δ Q2Is 1, 50, 100, 300, 600m3Q at si～ΦiA relationship curve, as shown in FIG. 7; fixed Δ Q2＝1m3Respectively calculating when Δ Q 1200, 300, 400, 500, 600m3Q at si～ΦiThe relationship is shown in FIG. 8. As can be seen, even when Δ Q is measured1And Δ Q2At a set value (Delta Q)1Is QmaxInteger in hundred around 15, Δ Q2Unit flow rate value), the first and second bed forming flow rates are not determined by Δ Q1、ΔQ2The effect of a change in value. Thus, the process of the invention Δ Q1And Δ Q2The parameter value is taken in a large range, the determination of the bed-making flow is not influenced, the calculated bed-making flow is objective and accurate, the influence of the manual dividing flow magnitude in the Makavejeff method on the calculation result is avoided, and the method has good practicability and universality.
The method of the invention fully and effectively utilizes hydrological data of the riverway by obtaining the flow level moving accumulation bed-building capability in sequence, the two related setting parameters are easy to select, the determination of the first and second bed-building flows is not influenced in a larger range, meanwhile, the flow level in the Makavejev method is prevented from being difficult to select objectively, and the calculation error caused by dividing the flow level manually is avoided, the calculation result is objective and accurate, the precision is high, and the method has good practicability and universality.

Claims (1)

1. A method for determining the flow of a riverbed making bed on a swinging river course is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, defining a series of flow levels as follows:
Figure FSA0000210039460000011
in the formula
Figure FSA0000210039460000012
Upper and lower bounds of flow magnitude, respectively (according to fig. 4), Δ Q1For each set of flow level length, defined as
Figure FSA0000210039460000013
ΔQ2Is the distance traveled by the flow level, defined as
Figure FSA0000210039460000014
niIs the number of flow levels.
Step 2, arranging the actually measured flow data of the analyzed river according to the numerical value from small to large, and finding out the minimum value QminAnd maximum value Qmax(ii) a 1 st flow stage
Figure FSA0000210039460000015
Lower boundary of (1)
Figure FSA0000210039460000016
Assigned a value of QminA series of flow levels defined by equation (1)
Figure FSA0000210039460000017
The expression is as follows:
[Qmin+(i-1)ΔQ2，Qmin+(i-1)ΔQ2+ΔQ1)(i＝1，2，…ni) (2)
selecting Δ Q1Is QmaxInteger in hundred around 15, Δ Q2Is selected as the unit flow value.
Step 3, for the ith traffic level
Figure FSA0000210039460000018
Define its characterized flow as
Figure FSA0000210039460000019
Counting all the flow rates falling into the ith flow rate class in the analyzed river channel measured flow data
Figure FSA00002100394600000110
Adding the bed making capacity to obtain the characteristic bed making capacity of the ith flow magnitude
Figure FSA00002100394600000111
Wherein n isjTo fall within the ith flow level
Figure FSA00002100394600000112
The number of (2); m is the sand conveying rate G of the actually measured section on the double logarithmic coordinatessThe slope of a line fitted to the corresponding flow rate Q; j is the average slope of the river; upper bound of current magnitude
Figure FSA00002100394600000113
Changing to be more than or equal to the maximum value Q in the analyzed river channel actual measurement flow datamaxAnd then, the last counting is finished.
Step 4, drawing
Figure FSA00002100394600000114
In the figure, the area enclosed by the figure is obtained by integration
Figure FSA00002100394600000115
To pair
Figure FSA00002100394600000116
Performing a normalization process, i.e.
Figure FSA00002100394600000117
Drawing Qi～ΦiGraph, finding phi in the graphiThe flow rate corresponding to the maximum value of (1) is the first bed-making flow rate, find out phiiThe flow rate corresponding to the second largest value of (a) is the second bed forming flow rate.
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112989565A (en) * 2021-02-03 2021-06-18 长江水利委员会水文局 Method for calculating bed-building flow based on water flow sand-carrying capacity

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008145356A (en) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-26 Sato Kogyo Co Ltd Method for measuring tension of embedded rod member
CN101713178A (en) * 2009-09-29 2010-05-26 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 Method for creating three-stage flow passage of meandering riverway in lower Yellow River
CN106759063A (en) * 2016-12-05 2017-05-31 河海大学 A kind of computational methods of tidal reach channel forming disahcge
CN107401140A (en) * 2017-08-29 2017-11-28 武汉大学 The determination method of tributary lower reaches section channel forming disahcge

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2008145356A (en) * 2006-12-13 2008-06-26 Sato Kogyo Co Ltd Method for measuring tension of embedded rod member
CN101713178A (en) * 2009-09-29 2010-05-26 黄河水利委员会黄河水利科学研究院 Method for creating three-stage flow passage of meandering riverway in lower Yellow River
CN106759063A (en) * 2016-12-05 2017-05-31 河海大学 A kind of computational methods of tidal reach channel forming disahcge
CN107401140A (en) * 2017-08-29 2017-11-28 武汉大学 The determination method of tributary lower reaches section channel forming disahcge

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112989565A (en) * 2021-02-03 2021-06-18 长江水利委员会水文局 Method for calculating bed-building flow based on water flow sand-carrying capacity
CN112989565B (en) * 2021-02-03 2022-03-11 长江水利委员会水文局 Method for calculating bed-building flow based on water flow sand-carrying capacity

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