CN105005707B - A kind of stage discharge relation of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence determines method - Google Patents
A kind of stage discharge relation of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence determines method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of determination method of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence stage discharge relation, and step includes：The jacking strength assessment that Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream crosses to target section water level；The determination of stage-discharge functional relation under the influence of backwater effect；Stage-discharge functional equation is solved under the influence of backwater effect；The drafting of multivalue type rating curve group.Compared with existing empirical method, the present invention has clear and definite physical meaning according to the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence stage discharge relation formula that river hydraulics principle is derived, water level, the dimension relation of flow are accurately reflected between Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream, thus computational accuracy is higher, it can in detail and comprehensively provide different dry, tributary and flow the rating curve group that combination is lower, estimate a kind of convenient way is provided for the water level of dry, branch intersectional region.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to water conservancy marine traffic engineering technical field, more particularly to a kind of stage discharge relation of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence
Determine method.
Background technology
The stage discharge relation graph curve or mathematic(al) representation of specific hydrologic sectional drawing in river course, are estimation differences to flow feelings
Under condition in river course water level Main Basiss, design water level for flood control, navigation low water level and Water-related Project design in terms of widely
Using.The single river channel that remittance is influenceed is not being flowed into by branch, stage discharge relation is more stable, at present existing more maturation method,
But in Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence, there is mutual jacking between being flowed due to difference, the stage discharge relation of joint upstream is presented non-
Normal obvious ambiguity, the stage discharge relation of single river channel determines that method can not be applied.For such case, conventional engineering is real
It is in trampling to use experience method more, paint the experience that water level and dry, two, tributary are come between flow with reference to actual measurement hydrographic data directly point
Relation curve, or additional parameter is used, fixed mainstream or tributary flow are as parameter, to single river channel stage discharge relation
Carry out experiential modification.The empirical strong and poor operability of these methods, precision is not high.Especially reservoir is built in mainstream or tributary
Afterwards, discharge process is by dam safety evaluation, and erosion and deposition also occurs for river topography, is more difficult to by conventional empirical method under situation of change
Water level quantitatively calculated, it is impossible to meet the demand of engineering practice.
The content of the invention
Influenceed for confluence stage discharge relation by dry, the mutual jacking of branch flowing out stream, it is same to be presented to flow down water level
The problem of ambiguity, the present invention provides a kind of determination method of non-single type stage discharge relation, and this method can determine that specific water
The functional relation that literary section water level and mainstream, two, tributary are come between flow variables, is determined in functional relation by field data
After parameter, it can in detail and comprehensively provide different dry, tributary and flow the rating curve group that combination is lower, to do,
The water level estimation of branch intersectional region provides a kind of convenient way.
The concrete technical scheme of the present invention is as follows：
A kind of stage discharge relation of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence determines method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream crosses the jacking strength assessment to target section water level, comprises the following steps：
Step 1.1, the average daily water level Z of actual measurement of at least 2 years at the target section A in mainstream backwater scope is takenAi, actual measurement day
Equal flow QAiSynchronous data, point paints water level~flow point group in coordinate plane, and is fitted stage-discharge using quadratic polynomial
Relation Q=f (Z)；
Step 1.2, for N number of average daily water level value Z of actual measurementAi, the stage discharge relation Q=f (Z) of fitting is substituted into, can be calculated
Obtain N number of calculating flow value QAJi, standard deviation is calculated with thisWherein QAiFor the average daily stream of actual measurement
Amount, QAJiFor with surveying average daily water level ZAiCorresponding flow rate calculation value, N is data point sum；
If standard deviation Se≤ 5%, it is believed that target section is not influenceed by the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream backwater effect that crosses；
If standard deviation Se＞ 5%, it is believed that the section water level is influenceed by backwater effect between dry, tributary；
Step 2, under the influence of backwater effect at target section A stage-discharge calculating：
Stage discharge relation equation is at the target section A：
Wherein：ZAFor water level, Q at target section AAFor the flow at section A that is, flow, Q are come in mainstreamZFlowed for tributary
Amount, Z0AFor A section part major trough bed elevations, Z0BTo export B section part masters close to the jacking recirculating zone in Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream joint downstream
Groove bed elevation, α, β, K1、K2For parameter；
Step 3, the drafting of multivalue type rating curve group, with target section A flow QAWith water level ZAAs
Horizontal, axis of ordinates, according to the result of calculation of the stage discharge relation equation in step 2, drawn out in coordinate plane one group with
QZFor the Q of parameterA~ZARelation curve, the curve group is the expression figure directly perceived of stage discharge relation at target section A, for
Arbitrary Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream carrys out flow QAAnd QZCombination, can directly find target section water level Z in figureA。
α, K in the step 21The rating method of numerical value is as follows：(1) the average daily water level of actual measurement at the section A of at least 2 years is taken
ZAi, actual measurement daily average water discharge QAiAnd the average daily water level Z of actual measurement at section BBiSynchronous data；
(2) according to formula αm=0.04+0.01m (m=0,1,2,3 ..., 20) takes 21 different α values, for each αm,
Substitute into successivelyCalculate, then pass through linear regression fit YI, mAnd ZAiThe relation Y betweenm=K1mZA-Cm, often
It is secondary return calculate in coefficient correlation square beIn 21 calculating process, coefficient correlation squareIt is corresponding during up to maximum
αm、K1mValue, α and K that as final calibration is obtained1Parameter value, bed elevation Z0A=Cm/K1m。
β, K in the step 22The rating method of numerical value is as follows：Take the average daily water level Z of actual measurement of at least 1 year at section BBi、
Survey daily average water discharge QBiSynchronous data, point paints B sections water level~flow point group in coordinate plane, is tentatively intended using conic section
Stage discharge relation is closed, three flow Q are taken on the relation curve of gained1、Q2、Q3, makeFrom relation curve
Check in water level Z corresponding with three flows1、Z2、Z3, thenBy Z0BValue substitute into logarithmic form water level stream
Magnitude relation log QB=log K2+βlog(ZB-Z0B), then using the average daily water level Z of actual measurementBi, actual measurement daily average water discharge QBiData is led to
Cross linear regression and determine parameter K2, β, thus obtain the theory relation curve of stage-discharge；, can be with 0.01 step in above procedure
Z is adjusted above and below length0BValue, calculating parameter K repeatedly2, β, until theoretical curve and eyeball it is best according to fitting effect.
In particular：Technical scheme is as follows：
The Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream that the present invention the is provided zone of influence stage discharge relation that crosses determines method, comprises the following steps：
Step 1：The jacking strength assessment that Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream crosses to target section water level.
Generally, the stronger section of backwater effect is in the certain limit of confluence upstream, and the scope changes with flooding and drying flux
And adjust.Target section water level is estimated by the intensity for the backwater effect that crosses, the purpose is to judge to be near target section
It is no to need to consider ambiguity of the water level under different flow combination.Concretely comprise the following steps：
Step 1.1, the average daily water level Z of actual measurement of at least 2 years at target section A is takenAi, actual measurement daily average water discharge QAiSynchronous data,
Point paints water level~flow point group in coordinate plane, and is fitted stage discharge relation using quadratic polynomial:Q=f (Z)
Step 1.2, for N number of measured water level value ZAi, the stage discharge relation Q=f (Z) of fitting is substituted into, can calculate and obtain N
Individual calculating flow value QAJi, standard deviation is calculated with thisWherein QAiTo survey daily average water discharge,
QAJiFor with surveying average daily water level ZAiCorresponding flow rate calculation value, N is data point sum.
Step 1.3, with standard deviation SeCrossed to weigh target section by the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream size of backwater effect, SeValue is bigger, top
Support effect is stronger.On single section, field data statistics shows its standard deviation SeTypically below 5%.Thus, this step
In, if standard deviation Se≤ 5%, it is believed that target section is not influenceed by the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream backwater effect that crosses, and can use single section water level
Discharge relation determines method；If standard deviation Se＞ 5%, it is believed that the section water level is by backwater effect between dry, tributary, it is impossible to adopt
Method is determined with single section stage discharge relation.
Step 2：The determination of stage-discharge functional relation under the influence of backwater effect.
The principles of science：The backwater effect that Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream crosses to water level, mainly by joint water level certain limit at its upstream
Formed caused by backwater effect.Supposed cross A is the target section in backwater zone scope, and section B is to be crossed close to Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream
The section in point downstream, i.e. backwater zone Outlet Section.According to the current condition of continuity and Manning formula, drop and stream between section A, B
Between amount relation can approximate expression beRoughness n, river width W and depth of water h in formula are near section A
Value, L is distance between section.Because the depth of water can be expressed as h=Z near section AA-Z0A, and exist in alluvial channel
Thus flow between A, B section~drop function can be converted intoWherein ZAWith QARespectively
A sections water level and flow value, Z0AFor major trough bed elevation, K near A sections1For undetermined coefficient.When it is assumed that roughness n is constant,
It is derived by indexRoughness changes with the depth of water in actual river course, and α values can be fluctuated near 0.14, to this
The luffing scope of consideration ± 0.1, α values are determined between 0.04~0.24 by trial-and-error method.Because Outlet Section B water level can be by
Single section stage discharge relation is determined, thus calibration parameter Z0A、K1, after α, then simultaneous A, B section stage discharge relation, i.e.,
The available stage discharge relation function using dry, Zhi Lailiu as the target section location A of independent variable.
According to above theoretical principle, concretely comprising the following steps for stage discharge relation at target section A is determined：
Step 2.1, the parameter calibration of flow~drop function.
Take the average daily water level Z of actual measurement of at least 2 years at section AAi, actual measurement daily average water discharge QAiAnd the actual measurement at section B is average daily
Water level ZBiSynchronous data.21 different α values, shape such as α are assumed between 0.04~0.24m=0.04+0.01m (m=0,1,2,
3 ..., 20).For each αm, calculated first with average daily hydrological dataIntended again by linear regression
Close YI, mAnd ZAiPoint relation Y betweenm=K1mZA-Cm, every time return calculate in coefficient correlation square beCalculated for 21 times
Cheng Zhong, coefficient correlation squareCorresponding α during up to maximumm、K1mValue, α and K that as final calibration is obtained1Parameter value, riverbed
Elevation Z0A=Cm/K1m。
Step 2.2, the determination of backwater zone Outlet Section stage discharge relation and parameter.
Take the average daily water level Z of actual measurement of at least 1 year at section BBi, actual measurement daily average water discharge QBiSynchronous data, calibration index shape
Formula stage discharge relation QB=K2(ZB-Z0B)βParameter K2, β and Z0B, wherein Z0BFor major trough bed elevation near B sections.Specifically
Process is：Point paints B sections water level~flow point group in coordinate plane, using conic section initial fitting stage discharge relation,
Three flow Q are taken on the relation curve of gained1、Q2、Q3, makeChecked in from relation curve and three flows
Corresponding water level Z1、Z2、Z3, thenBy Z0BValue substitute into logarithmic form stage discharge relation log QB=
log K2+βlog(ZB-Z0B), then using the average daily water level Z of actual measurementBi, actual measurement daily average water discharge QBiData is determined by linear regression
Parameter K2, β, thus obtain the theory relation curve of stage-discharge；, can be to adjust Z above and below 0.01 step-length in above procedure0B's
It is worth, repeatedly calculating parameter K2, β, it is theoretical bent until theoretical curve and the eyeball coefficient correlation square between reach more than 0.98
Line is best according to fitting effect with eyeball.
Step 2.3, the determination of the lower stage discharge relation function of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream flow effect.
According to mass conservation relation Q between section A and section BB=QA+QZ, can obtain at section A water level and come between flowing
Functional relationWherein QZFlowed to enter the tributary of remittance near B sections,
Parameter K in formula1、K2、α、β、Z0A、Z0BIt is by the given value after field data calibration.
Step 3, stage-discharge functional equation is solved under the influence of backwater effect.
Stage discharge relation at section AIt is on ZAHidden letter
Number, flow Q is carried out in given mainstreamACarry out flow Q with tributaryZAfterwards, formed on ZANonlinear equation, the equation passes through dichotomy
Iterative.Substitute into mainstream respectively and discharge process is carried out in tributary, you can calculating obtains water level process at section A.
Change obvious section in change in bed level such as mining under reservoir, stage discharge relation is updated with the bed elevation after change
In bed elevation value, you can to change in bed level deform after water level estimate.
Step 4, the drafting of multivalue type rating curve group.
Carry out flow Q from some grades of tributaries of minimum hypothesis are up toZCarry out flow Q with mainstreamA, using the method for solving in step 3
The water level value Z for obtaining target section A can be calculatedA, can be in Q according to these dataA~ZAOne group is drawn in coordinate plane with QZFor ginseng
Several QAAnd ZARelation curve.The curve group is the expression figure directly perceived of target section stage discharge relation, and the song is utilized in practice
Line group can directly find the different water level values come A sections in the case of flowing, characteristic distributions that also can be from curve group in coordinate plane
Find out backwater effect changing rule between the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream under big vast withered different flow level.
The present invention determines problem for Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream intersectional region water level, it is proposed that consider the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches to flow mutual backwater effect
Stage discharge relation determines method so that it is different come flow water level under combined situation can quantitative scoring calculate, make up conventional estimation
The low deficiency of the empirical strong, efficiency of method.
Compared with existing empirical method, the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence water level stream that the present invention is derived according to river hydraulics principle
There is magnitude relation formula water level between clear and definite physical meaning, Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream, the dimension relation of flow to be accurately reflected, thus calculate
Precision is higher, can be applied to the various Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches to flow combination.In addition, containing reflection in stage discharge relation formula in this method
The parameter of bed configuration and river course resistance, can carry out rational judgment, than existing to jacking relationship change situation after change in bed level
Method applicable surface is wider.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence stage discharge relation product process schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence hydrologic sectional drawing distribution schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the parameter alpha and coefficient correlation square R of the embodiment of the present invention2Relation schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is water level calculated value under the influence of the tributary jacking of the embodiment of the present invention and measured value comparison schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is multivalue type rating curve group schematic diagram in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence hydrologic sectional drawing distribution schematic diagram of another situation of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention provides a kind of determination method of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence stage discharge relation, and step includes：Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream crosses
To the jacking strength assessment of target section water level；The determination of stage-discharge functional relation under the influence of backwater effect；Backwater effect shadow
Lower stage-discharge functional equation is rung to solve；The drafting of multivalue type rating curve group.
Technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and examples.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, the embodiment of the present invention is certain Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence, and target section is water at the 82km of confluence upstream
, there is hydrometric station B close to confluence downstream in text station A.According to hydrometric station actual distribution situation, Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream is determined according to following steps
The stage discharge relation at the zone of influence A that crosses stations：
Step 1, Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream crosses the jacking strength assessment to target section water level.
Target section water level is estimated by the cross intensity of backwater effect of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream, the purpose is to judge target section
Nearby whether need to consider the water level ambiguity of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream not in the case of cocurrent flow.
In embodiment, the average daily water level Z of the A hydrometric stations actual measurement of 5 years is takenAi, actual measurement daily average water discharge QAiSynchronous data, in coordinate
Point paints water level~flow point group in plane, and using quadratic polynomial curve initial fitting stage discharge relation Q=f (Z)；For
1826 average daily water level value Z of actual measurementAi, the stage discharge relation Q=f (Z) of initial fitting is substituted into, calculating obtains 1826 and calculates stream
Value QAJi, standard deviation is calculated with thisWherein QAiFor actual measurement daily average water discharge, QAJiFor with actual measurement
Average daily water level ZAiCorresponding flow rate calculation value.Result of calculation is standard deviation Se=0.12, more than 5%, therefore it can determine whether the hydrology
The water level of section is substantially by backwater effect between dry, tributary, it is impossible to determine method using single section stage discharge relation；
Step 2, under the influence of backwater effect stage-discharge functional relation determination.Comprise the following steps that：
Step 2.1, the parameter calibration of flow~drop function.
Due to there is drop Z between tributary backwater effect, A, B stationA-ZBWith flow QABetween should meetParameter alpha, K in the formula1、Z0ANeed to be by field data calibration.
In embodiment, parameter calibration is comprised the concrete steps that：
Step 2.1.1, takes A stations to survey within 5 years average daily water level ZAi, actual measurement daily average water discharge QAiAnd the average daily water level Z of B stations actual measurementBi
Synchronous data, assumes 21 different α values, shape such as α at equal intervals between 0.04~0.24m=0.04+0.01m (m=0,1,2,
3 ..., 20), for each αm, calculated first with average daily hydrological dataIt is true by linear regression again
Determine YI, mAnd ZAiBetween linear relationship Ym=K1mZA-Cm, every time return calculate in coefficient correlation square be21 calculating can
Obtain 21Data pair.The step realized by excel softwares, coefficient correlation squareValue pass through
The Trendline fitting function of excel softwares is obtained.
Step 2.1.2,21 obtained according to calculatingData pair, point is painted in coordinate plane
Between relation curve such as accompanying drawing 3, knee of curve can find coefficient correlation square in figureCorresponding α during up to maximummFor
0.17.OrderBy the Y calculatedI, mValue and ZAiFit linear relationship, is as a result Ym=1.16ZA-11.04。
Therefore K1m=1.16, Z0A=Cm/K1m=11.04/1.16=9.52.These parameters are substituted into flow~drop functionAfterwards, obtaining flow~drop function expression is
Step 2.2, the determination of backwater zone Outlet Section stage discharge relation and parameter.
Take the average daily water level Z of actual measurement of 5 years at section BBi, actual measurement daily average water discharge QBiSynchronous data, calibration exponential form water level
Discharge relation QB=K2(ZB-Z0B)βParameter K2, β and Z0B, wherein Z0BFor major trough bed elevation near B sections.Detailed process is：
Point paints B sections water level~flow point group in coordinate plane, using conic section initial fitting stage discharge relation, in gained
Three flow Q are taken on relation curve1、Q2、Q3, makeWater corresponding with three flows is checked in from relation curve
Position Z1、Z2、Z3, thenBy Z0BValue substitute into logarithmic form stage discharge relation log QB=log K2+β
log(ZB-Z0B), then using the average daily water level Z of actual measurementBi, actual measurement daily average water discharge QBiData determines parameter K by linear regression2, β,
Thus the theory relation curve of stage-discharge is obtained.In embodiment calculating process, to adjust Z above and below 0.01 step-length0BValue,
Through calculating repeatedly, work as Z0B=6.37, theoretical curve log QB=log K2+βlog(ZB-Z0B) to eyeball according to fitting effect most
Good, coefficient correlation square value is up to 0.99, now K2=15.58, β=2.50.Thus it can determine that B stations stage discharge relation is QB=
15.85(ZB-6.37)2.50。
Step 2.3, the determination of the lower stage discharge relation function of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream flow effect.
In simultaneous step 2.1 in flow~drop function, step 2.2 backwater zone outlet stage discharge relation function and
The water condition of continuity, can obtain the stage discharge relation function of target section.
In embodiment, drop and flow function relation are between the station of A, B twoB
Stage discharge relation of standing is
QB=15.85 (ZB-6.37)2.50, then mass conservation relation Q between the station of simultaneous A, B twoB=QA+QZ, can obtain A stations
The functional relation that water level and dry, branch are come between flow isWherein QA
For flow at section A that is, flow, Q are come in mainstreamZCarry out flow for the tributary that enters remittance near B sections.
Step 3, stage-discharge functional equation is solved under the influence of backwater effect.
Flow Q is carried out in given mainstreamACarry out flow Q with tributaryZAfterwards, target section part stage discharge relation is on ZAIt is hidden
Function, the equation can only be solved by alternative manners such as dichotomies.
In embodiment, A stations stage discharge relation is
Solve concretely comprising the following steps for the equation：OrderLarger, smaller two water level value Z are given respectivelyA1、ZA2, make
Obtain F (ZA1) ＞ 0, F (ZA2) ＜ 0；Z is constantly reduced using dichotomyA1、ZA2Between difference, until F [(ZA1+ZA2The ≈ of)/2 0, equation
Solution be ZA=(ZA1+ZA2)/2.The calculating process is realized by computer program.
In embodiment, discharge process is carried out in the mainstream and tributary that certain time is substituted into respectively, is calculated using dichotomy and obtains A stations water
Position process is relatively shown in accompanying drawing 4 with actual measurement, and difference of them is substantially within 0.1m.
Step 4, the drafting of multivalue type rating curve group.
The flow Q stood respectively with target section AAWith water level ZAAs horizontal, axis of ordinates, from being up to, minimum hypothesis is some
Flow Q is carried out in level tributaryZ, calculate different QA、QZZ under combinationAAfter value, Q is drawn in coordinate planeAAnd ZARelation curve,
One group be can obtain with QZFor the A stations rating curve of parameter.
In embodiment, tributary respectively may be about 2000m to flow minimum value and maximum3/ s and 35000m3/ s, it is assumed that 8 grades of tributaries
Carry out flow, calculate A stations water level value under different dry, tributary flow combination, and draw QAAnd ZARelation curve such as accompanying drawing 5.By accompanying drawing
5 is visible, and embodiment section water level is carried out stream by tributary to be influenceed more substantially, and tributary is more than flood to the backwater effect in mainstream in dry season
The water phase.The curve group can provide reference for engineering practice.
In above-described embodiment, if as shown in fig. 6, the B close to Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream joint downstream stands as gaging station, rather than reason
Hydrometric station in the case of thinking, the station does not possess the Flow Observation data synchronous with water level, therefore, can according to actual conditions use compared with
For conventional water level correlation technique set up B at (hydrometric station in the minimum distance of downstream) dependency relation at C, its operation is only in step
Otherwise varied with above-described embodiment on rapid 2.2, other operations are consistent, and this situation adds step compared to above-described embodiment
2.2.1, and step 2.2.1 is relatively conventional mature technology, thus embodiment without deviating from the present invention spirit or exceed
Scope defined in appended claims.
Difference step 2.2 technical scheme is as follows, the determination of backwater zone Outlet Section stage discharge relation and parameter.
In embodiment, because the B stations close to Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream joint downstream are gaging station, therefore B stations water level Z is initially set upB
With downstream C stations water level ZCBetween dependency relation ZB=KZC+ M, resettles the stage discharge relation and calibration parameter at C hydrometric stations,
It is specific as follows：
Step 2.2.1, sets up dependency relation between backwater zone outlet B station water levels and downstream C stations water level.Take B stations and C to stand to connect
The continuous 5 years average daily water level field data of actual measurement, Z is determined by linear regressionB=KZCParameter K and M in+M, the result is that ZB=
0.97ZC+1.80。
Step 2.2.2, sets up the stage discharge relation and calibration parameter at C hydrometric stations.Comprise the concrete steps that：The reality for taking C to stand 5 years
Survey average daily water level ZCi, actual measurement daily average water discharge QCiObservational data, point paints C stations water level~flow point group in coordinate plane, using two
Secondary curve initial fitting flow ga ge relation, takes three flow Q on the relation curve of gained1、Q2、Q3, make
Water level Z corresponding with three flows is checked in from relation curve1、Z2、Z3, thenBy Z0CValue substitute into logarithm
The stage discharge relation log Q of formC=log K2+βlog(ZC-Z0C), then using measured water level ZCi, flow QCiPass through line
Property return and determine parameter K2, β, thus obtain the theory relation curve Q of stage-dischargeC=K2(ZC-Z0C)β.Calculated in embodiment
Cheng Zhong, to adjust Z above and below 0.01 step-length0CValue, through calculating repeatedly, work as Z0CWhen=4.68, theoretical curve log QC=log
K2+βlog(ZC-Z0C) to eyeball according to fitting effect preferably, coefficient correlation square value is up to 0.9915, now K2=14.78, β=
2.50.Thus it can determine that C stations stage discharge relation is QC=14.78 (ZC-4.68)2.50。
Step 2.2.3, the determination of backwater zone outlet B stations stage discharge relation.By the station of B, C two obtained in step 2.2.1
Water level dependency relation ZB=0.97ZCThe C stations stage discharge relation Q obtained in+1.80, step 2.2.2C=14.78 (ZC-4.68
)2.50, and flow condition of continuity QB=QCSimultaneous, it is Q to obtain B stations stage discharge relationB=14.78 (1.031ZB-6.536
)2.50。
Embodiments above is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.The technology people of the technical field of the invention
Member can be made various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or be substituted using similar mode, can't be inclined
From the spirit of the present invention or more than scope defined in appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of stage discharge relation of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence determines method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream crosses the jacking strength assessment to target section water level, comprises the following steps：
Step 1.1, the average daily water level Z of actual measurement of at least 2 years at the target section A in mainstream backwater scope is takenAi, the average daily stream of actual measurement
Measure QAiSynchronous data, point paints water level~flow point group in coordinate plane, and using quadratic polynomial fitting stage discharge relation Q
=f (Z)；
Step 1.2, for N number of average daily water level value Z of actual measurementAi, the stage discharge relation Q=f (Z) of fitting is substituted into, can calculate and obtain N
Individual flow rate calculation value QAJi, standard deviation is calculated with thisWherein QAiFor the average daily stream of actual measurement
Amount, QAJiFor with surveying average daily water level ZAiCorresponding flow rate calculation value, N is data point sum；
If standard deviation Se≤ 5%, it is believed that target section is not influenceed by the Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream backwater effect that crosses；
If standard deviation Se＞ 5%, it is believed that the section water level is influenceed by backwater effect between dry, tributary；
Step 2, under the influence of backwater effect at target section A stage-discharge calculating：
Stage discharge relation equation is at the target section A：
Wherein：ZAFor water level, Q at target section AAFor the flow at section A that is, flow, Q are come in mainstreamZCome flow, Z for tributary0A
For A section part major trough bed elevations, Z0BTo export B section part major troughs riverbed close to the jacking recirculating zone in Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream joint downstream
Elevation, α, β, K1、K2For parameter；
Step 3, the drafting of multivalue type rating curve group, with target section A flow QAWith water level ZAAs horizontal, vertical
Reference axis, according to the result of calculation of the stage discharge relation equation in step 2, draws out one group with Q in coordinate planeZFor ginseng
Several QA~ZARelation curve, the curve group is the expression figure directly perceived of stage discharge relation at target section A, for arbitrary
Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream carrys out flow QAAnd QZCombination, can directly find target section water level Z in figureA。
2. the stage discharge relation of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence as claimed in claim 1 determines method, it is characterised in that：The step
α, K in 21The rating method of numerical value is as follows：(1) the average daily water level Z of the actual measurement at the section A of at least 2 years is takenAi, actual measurement daily average water discharge
QAiAnd the average daily water level Z of actual measurement at section BBiSynchronous data；
(2) according to formula αm=0.04+0.01m, wherein m=0,1,2,3,20,21 different α values are taken, for every
Individual αm, substitute into successivelyCalculate, then pass through linear regression fit Yi,mAnd ZAiPoint relation Y betweenm=
K1mZA-Cm, every time return calculate in coefficient correlation square beIn 21 calculating process, coefficient correlation squareUp to maximum
Corresponding α during valuem、K1mValue, α and K that as final calibration is obtained1Parameter value, bed elevation Z0A=Cm/K1m。
3. the stage discharge relation of Heavenly Stems and Earthly Branches stream confluence as claimed in claim 1 determines method, it is characterised in that：The step
β, K in 22The rating method of numerical value is as follows：Take the average daily water level Z of actual measurement of at least 1 year at section BBi, actual measurement daily average water discharge QBiTogether
Step data, point paints B sections water level~flow point group in coordinate plane, using conic section initial fitting stage discharge relation,
Three flow Q are taken on the relation curve of gained1、Q2、Q3, makeChecked in from relation curve and three flow phases
The water level Z answered1、Z2、Z3, thenBy Z0BValue substitute into logarithmic form stage discharge relation logQB=
logK2+βlog(ZB-Z0B), then using the average daily water level Z of actual measurementBi, actual measurement daily average water discharge QBiData determines to join by linear regression
Number K2, β, thus obtain the theory relation curve of stage-discharge；, can be to adjust Z above and below 0.01 step-length in above procedure0B's
It is worth, repeatedly calculating parameter K2, β, until theoretical curve and eyeball it is best according to fitting effect.
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