CN111666433B - Railway four-electrical engineering BIM model Web lightweight method - Google Patents
Railway four-electrical engineering BIM model Web lightweight method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a railway four-electrical engineering BIM model Web lightweight method, which comprises the following steps: establishing a standard unit library based on a railway four-electricity BIM model, and respectively defining model attributes and establishing a corresponding unit model library; carrying out total building of a railway four-electrical engineering BIM model on each professional standard unit model; after classification, different lightweight optimization schemes are used according to different classes to generate SIM data files; js technology is used for building a Web lightweight platform, SIM data files are read, railway four-electric engineering models are displayed on Web, and detection of key characteristic information of railway four-electric engineering models on the Web lightweight platform is achieved. According to the invention, the railway four-electricity BIM model file is subjected to lightweight processing through the BIM lightweight plug-in, geometric information and attribute information are simultaneously extracted from the model data in the processing process, and then the displayed content is deeply optimized through the instantiation technology, so that the loading efficiency and the smoothness are ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rail traffic engineering information management, and particularly relates to a BIM (building information modeling) Web lightweight method for railway four-electrical engineering.
Background
The rail transit is a complex system integrating multiple specialties and multiple kinds, generally comprises a rail route, stations, vehicles, maintenance and repair bases, power supply and transformation, communication signals, a command control center and the like, and relates to multiple specialties such as lines, stations, bridges, tunnels, locomotives, vehicles, power supply, communication, signals, electromechanical equipment, fire fighting systems and the like. The four-electric engineering comprises the specialties of communication, signals, electric power, electrification and the like, and mainly takes equipment as main equipment. These devices are mainly installed on the line, commonly called trackside devices, or in dedicated machine rooms and various operating rooms. The technical characteristics of the construction of the track traffic four-electric engineering are as follows: the equipment is distributed on a long and narrow line, and dozens of kilometers are distributed in a few lines, and hundreds of kilometers are distributed in a more line; the multiple specialties relate to dozens of specialties, the association degree of each speciality is high, and the professional interface is complex; the four-electric professional equipment is various in types, and is flexible and loose to lay; the building area of the house special for the four-electric engineering equipment is large, the collection of each internal professional indoor building is complex, and the equipment combination is complex and large in quantity.
The construction of the four-electric engineering needs the multi-department and multi-unit cooperative work of design, construction, factory and operation, and the 'cooperation' realized by relying on manual work through network, telephone and paper file transmission can not ensure good engineering quality when the quick construction is carried out.
The BIM (building information model) technology has the characteristics of visualization, harmony, simulation and optimization, can improve the production efficiency of four-electric engineering construction, improve the building quality, shorten the construction period, reduce the construction cost and the like, and realizes high-quality collaboration.
However, the BIM model in the four-electric engineering is large in size due to the characteristics of the four-electric engineering; long and narrow lines need to be displayed in a segmented and sliced manner; the quantity of indoor equipment is huge, the structure is complicated, and the blocking is serious when the BIM model is checked, so that the lightweight platform developed in the society cannot process the problem.
In addition, the lack of hands for detecting, evaluating and authenticating railway four-electric BIM technology and results
In the section, the rationality and the usability of the research and application results of the BIM technology of the four-electric engineering and even the rail transit engineering cannot be verified, and the benign development of the technology is greatly influenced.
In view of this, research on a light weight processing method for a rail transit four-electric engineering BIM model is urgently needed, so that the BIM technology is more fully applied to four-electric engineering construction, and the engineering construction quality is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a railway four-electric engineering BIM model Web lightweight method, which solves the problems of non-visual visualization and large size of a railway four-electric engineering BIM model, and solves the visual expression of the railway four-electric engineering BIM model on a Web platform and the recognition and detection of the railway four-electric engineering BIM model on the Web platform.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a railway four-electrical engineering BIM model Web lightweight method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing a standard unit library based on a railway four-electric BIM model, and respectively defining model attributes of a model with professional requirements on lines, stations, bridges, tunnels, communication and signals in a four-electric engineering model and establishing a corresponding unit model library;
step 2, carrying out total building of a railway four-electric engineering BIM model on each professional standard unit model built in the step 1;
step 3, dividing the built railway four-electric-engineering BIM model in the step 2 into nine types, namely, a regional rail sleeper, a regional roadbed, a regional bridge, a regional tunnel, regional equipment, a station yard rail sleeper, station yard equipment, a station yard house and equipment in the station yard house;
step 4, carrying out respective lightweight processing on the four-electric railway engineering models divided into nine types in the step 3, using different lightweight optimization schemes according to different types, and storing lightweight data in an SIM format; storing the non-geometric information in the SIM format at the tail end of the data;
and 5, building a Web lightweight platform by using a three.js technology, reading the SIM data file generated in the step 4, and displaying the railway four-electric engineering model on the Web to realize the detection of the key characteristic information of the railway four-electric engineering model on the Web lightweight platform.
The step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, determining the standard equipment specification, standard parameters, design logic elements, aggregation parameters, association parameters and constraint relations of each railway four-electric component;
and 1.2, setting the attribute of the model according to the professional requirements of the railway four-station system, and generating the model by using different insertion units and functional methods for generating the model.
The step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 4.1, adopting an instant Instance lightweight technology for the inter-block rail sleeper, the inter-block equipment, the station rail sleeper, the station equipment and the station indoor equipment model: only light weight data of one model of the same models are taken, only corresponding rotation matrix parameters are taken for other same models, and a large number of same models are compressed into a 4*4 space transformation matrix array;
step 4.2, taking lightweight data for each of the regional roadbed, the regional bridge, the regional tunnel and the station building model;
step 4.3, the attribute data obtained from various BIM model data correspond to the entity ID of each individual model one by one, and the attribute data comprises type, size, name and length;
and 4.4, storing lightweight data in an SIM format, wherein the geometric data structure is as follows: starting with s, writing the number of Instance instantiation devices after s, namely the number of s, and ending with se;
v represents a set of endpoints (v X coordinates Y coordinate Z coordinate);
f represents a triangular surface set (f point set ID);
m represents color and material characteristics (m color RGB material ID);
i represents the transformation matrix and attribute data of the device (i 4*4 transformation matrix attribute data);
finally, ending with ie;
and 4.5, storing non-geometric data including connection relation and topological relation.
The step 5 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 5.1, establishing a railway four-electrical engineering Web lightweight platform by using a three.js technology, reading SIM lightweight data, and displaying a railway four-electrical engineering model in the platform;
and 5.2, reading all connection and topological relation data from the SIM on the basis of the model attributes and the geometric data on the lightweight platform, and realizing the detection function of the key characteristic information of the railway four-electrical engineering model on the Web lightweight platform by taking a Three.
The invention has the following advantages:
according to the invention, geometric information and attribute information of the railway four-electricity BIM model file are separated through the BIM lightweight engine, then the graph part is subjected to lightweight processing, and then the graph part is connected in a database mode. Meanwhile, the displayed three-dimensional scene graph part and the data content are deeply optimized according to the data organization characteristics and the component type conditions of the BIM, and the loading efficiency and the loading fluency are ensured. The aim of ensuring that most of the current BIM model files can be smoothly displayed in a common notebook, a smart phone or a PAD is fulfilled on the premise of keeping the integrity of all information. Even for an ultra-large data model, the data model can be loaded and displayed smoothly on a common notebook computer at the same time, the attractive effect of display is ensured, and the management of a large scene and a large space is guaranteed.
According to the method, a tree.js technology is combined, a BIM lightweight Web platform is constructed, SIM data files are read on the platform, a BIM 3D model is reconstructed, functions of tree.js scene, camera, illumination, rendering and the like are utilized, display of a large quantity of railway four-electrical engineering models is achieved, and recognition and detection of the models are achieved by combining professional characteristics of four-electrical engineering.
The invention provides a technical means for detecting, evaluating, authenticating and other institutions to check the compliance of the railway four-electricity BIM model (the compliance of BIM standard, availability and the like).
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the technical structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a SIM lightweight format.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a BIM lightweight Web platform according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a railway four-electric engineering BIM model Web lightweight method, which is used for carrying out lightweight processing and displaying on a rail traffic engineering information BIM model, is a detection technology for key characteristic information of a railway four-electric engineering model, and specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing a standard unit library based on a railway four-electric BIM model, and respectively defining model attributes of models with professional requirements such as lines, stations, bridges, tunnels, communication, signals and the like in a four-electric engineering model and establishing a corresponding unit model library.
And 2, carrying out total building of the BIM model of the railway four-electric engineering on each professional standard unit model built in the step 1. And (4) developing functions of the unit-free model, and realizing function generation, such as rails, interval roadbeds, interval bridges, interval tunnels and the like in the four-electric engineering.
And 3, dividing the built railway four-electric-engineering BIM model in the step 2 into nine types, namely, a regional rail sleeper, a regional roadbed, a regional bridge, a regional tunnel, regional equipment, a station yard rail sleeper, station yard equipment, a station yard house and equipment in the station yard house.
And 4, respectively carrying out light weight treatment on the four railway electrical engineering models divided into nine types in the step 3, using different light weight optimization schemes according to different types, and storing light weight data in an SIM format. The non-geometric information in the SIM format is stored at the very end.
And 5, building a Web lightweight platform by using a three.js technology, reading the SIM data file generated in the step 4, and displaying the railway four-electric engineering model on the Web to realize the detection of the key characteristic information of the railway four-electric engineering model on the Web lightweight platform.
The steps are as follows:
the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, determining the standard equipment specification, standard parameters, design logic elements, aggregation parameters, association parameters and constraint relations of each railway four-electric component;
and 1.2, setting the attribute of the model according to the professional requirements of the railway four-station system, and generating the model by using different insertion units and functional methods for generating the model.
The step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:
and 4.1, the models of the interval rail sleepers, the interval equipment, the station rail sleepers, the station equipment and the equipment in the station house have the characteristics of large quantity and identical geometric shapes of a large number of models. Adopting an instant Instance lightweight technology according to the characteristics: only light weight data of one model of the same models are taken, only corresponding rotation matrix parameters are taken for other same models, and a large number of same models are compressed into a 4*4 space transformation matrix array;
step 4.2, the interval roadbed, the interval bridge, the interval tunnel and the station house model have the characteristics of large volume and simple data structure, and because the geometric shapes of the models are different, light weight data are required to be acquired for each model;
and 4.3, according to the characteristics of the four-electrical engineering model, corresponding attribute data acquired from various BIM model data to each other according to the entity ID of each individual model, wherein the attribute data can comprise type/size/name/length and the like.
And 4.4, storing lightweight data in an SIM format according to the characteristics of the four-electrical engineering model, wherein the geometric data structure is as follows: starting with s, written after s is the number of Instance instantiated devices (s number), ending with se;
v represents a set of endpoints (v X coordinates Y coordinate Z coordinate);
f represents a triangular surface set (f point set ID);
m represents a color and material feature (m color RGB material ID);
i represents the transformation matrix and attribute data of the device (i 4*4 transformation matrix attribute data);
and finally ending with ie.
Step 4.5, according to the characteristics of the four-electrical engineering model, besides geometric attribute data, a plurality of non-geometric data are required to be stored, such as cable connection relations among equipment, topological relations of grooves and the like, and the data structure is as follows:
connection relationship, L device ID cable ID … … is written from the originating device to the terminating device.
Topological relation, T-trench ID (start, end) … … writes from the start trench to the end trench.
The step 5 specifically comprises the following steps:
and 5.1, establishing a railway four-electrical engineering Web lightweight platform by using a three.js technology, reading SIM lightweight data, and displaying a railway four-electrical engineering model in the platform.
And 5.2, reading all connection and topological relation data from the SIM on the basis of the model attributes and the geometric data on the lightweight platform, and realizing the detection function of the key characteristic information of the railway four-electrical engineering model on the Web lightweight platform by taking a Three.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
the present invention provides an example lightening technique (Instancing): the multiple instances are very common rendering technologies, and the principle of the multiple instances is that only one piece of geometric data is stored for the same geometric object, rendering effects of multiple similar geometric objects in the same frame are obtained by respectively drawing for several times in a rendering pipeline and applying different geometric changes and material information each time. In practical terms, if many identical tables are to be drawn, we need only use one copy of the table's geometry data and then draw multiple passes, each to place the table in a different location. The current rendering pipeline completely puts the instance in a hardware pipeline for execution, which greatly saves the memory overhead of the GPU and the computation overhead of the CPU (mainly means that a driver is initiated to use the CPU resource).
By utilizing the technical characteristics, only the patch lightweight data of one model of the same model is taken, only the corresponding rotation matrix parameters are taken for other same models, a large number of same models are compressed into a group of 4*4 space transformation matrix arrays, and the lightweight efficiency is improved.
The invention creates a light weight data format SIM, and light weight data is stored through the format SIM, and the format SIM has the characteristics of simple storage, clear structure and small data volume.
The invention is not limited to the examples, and any equivalent changes to the technical solution of the invention by a person skilled in the art after reading the description of the invention are covered by the claims of the invention.
Claims (3)
1. The railway four-electrical engineering BIM model Web lightweight method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, establishing a standard unit library based on a railway four-electricity BIM model, and respectively performing model attribute definition on models of professional requirements of lines, stations, bridges, tunnels, communication and signals in a four-electricity engineering model and establishing a corresponding unit model library;
step 2, carrying out total building of a railway four-electric engineering BIM model on each professional standard unit model built in the step 1;
step 3, dividing the built railway four-electric-engineering BIM model in the step 2 into nine types, namely, a regional rail sleeper, a regional roadbed, a regional bridge, a regional tunnel, regional equipment, a station yard rail sleeper, station yard equipment, a station yard house and equipment in the station yard house;
step 4, carrying out respective lightweight processing on the four-electric railway engineering models divided into nine types in the step 3, using different lightweight optimization schemes according to different types, and storing lightweight data in an SIM format; storing the non-geometric information in the SIM format at the tail end of the data;
the step 4 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 4.1, adopting an instant Instance lightweight technology for the inter-block rail sleeper, the inter-block equipment, the station rail sleeper, the station equipment and the station indoor equipment model: only light weight data of one model of the same models are taken, only corresponding rotation matrix parameters are taken for other same models, and a large number of same models are compressed into a 4*4 space transformation matrix array;
step 4.2, taking lightweight data from each of the interval roadbed, the interval bridge, the interval tunnel and the station house model;
step 4.3, the attribute data obtained from various BIM model data correspond to the entity ID of each individual model one by one, and the attribute data comprises type, size, name and length;
and 4.4, storing the lightweight data in an SIM format, wherein the geometric data structure is as follows: starting with s, writing the number of Instance instantiation devices after s, namely the number of s, and ending with se;
v represents a set of endpoints (v X coordinates Y coordinate Z coordinate);
f represents a triangular surface set (f point set ID);
m represents a color and material feature (m color RGB material ID);
i represents the transformation matrix and attribute data of the device (i 4*4 transformation matrix attribute data);
finally, ending with ie;
step 4.5, storing non-geometric data including connection relation and topological relation;
and 5, building a Web lightweight platform by using a three.js technology, reading the SIM data file generated in the step 4, and displaying the railway four-electric engineering model on the Web to realize the detection of the key characteristic information of the railway four-electric engineering model on the Web lightweight platform.
2. The railway four-electrical engineering BIM model Web lightweight method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step 1 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1.1, determining standard equipment specifications, standard parameters, design logic elements, aggregation parameters, association parameters and constraint relations of four electric components of each railway;
and 1.2, setting the attribute of the model according to professional requirements of the railway four-station system, and generating the model by using different insertion units and functional methods for generating the model.
3. The railway four-electrical engineering BIM model Web lightweight method according to claim 2, characterized in that:
the step 5 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 5.1, establishing a railway four-electric-engineering Web lightweight platform by utilizing a three.js technology, reading SIM lightweight data, and displaying a railway four-electric-engineering model in the platform;
and 5.2, reading all connection and topological relation data from the SIM on the basis of the model attributes and the geometric data on the lightweight platform, and realizing the detection function of the key characteristic information of the railway four-electrical engineering model on the Web lightweight platform by taking a Three.
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| CN112417023A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-02-26 | 北京构力科技有限公司 | Method, apparatus, electronic device, storage medium, and program product for processing IFC file |
| CN112989458B (en) * | 2021-02-22 | 2022-09-06 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | Method for converting BIM (building information modeling) model into 3DTiles file |
| CN115238345A (en) * | 2022-07-13 | 2022-10-25 | 上海方联技术服务有限公司 | BIM (building information modeling) model processing method and device, storage medium and electronic device |
| CN116502321B (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-08-29 | 中铁第一勘察设计院集团有限公司 | BIM forward design method and system for railway communication machine room |
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