CN111662064B - Method for preparing low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using tailings and traditional Chinese medicine residues - Google Patents
Method for preparing low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using tailings and traditional Chinese medicine residues Download PDFInfo
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- CN111662064B CN111662064B CN202010517852.3A CN202010517852A CN111662064B CN 111662064 B CN111662064 B CN 111662064B CN 202010517852 A CN202010517852 A CN 202010517852A CN 111662064 B CN111662064 B CN 111662064B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
- C04B28/143—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being phosphogypsum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
- C04B2201/52—High compression strength concretes, i.e. with a compression strength higher than about 55 N/mm2, e.g. reactive powder concrete [RPC]
Abstract
The invention provides a method for preparing low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using tailings traditional Chinese medicine residues, which comprises the following steps: s1, crushing the recycled aggregate concrete, shaping crushed particles, washing and drying to obtain coarse aggregate; drying and screening the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings to obtain fine aggregate; s2, washing the Chinese medicine residues, drying and carbonizing; calcining dolomite waste residues at high temperature; mixing the two powders, and grinding to obtain additive; s3, crushing the aerated concrete waste, and then drying and grinding; drying and grinding the phosphogypsum; mixing the two with additives, and adding sugarcane fibers to obtain a composite cementing material; s4, mixing the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the composite cementing material to obtain a mixture; s5, adding a proper amount of water and the bean curd wastewater subjected to cold storage and filtration into the mixture to obtain mixed slurry; and pouring, demolding and standard curing the mixed slurry to obtain the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete product. The prepared concrete has excellent compressive strength, carbonization depth and low shrinkage performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building materials, in particular to a method for preparing low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using tailings and traditional Chinese medicine residues.
Background
In recent years, the development of mineral resources in China is continuously increased, the industrial development makes unprecedented progress, and the generation of a large amount of industrial solid wastes such as vanadium-titanium-iron tailings, aerated concrete wastes and the like follows.
The tailings are one of large solid wastes in China, the annual output is more than 10 hundred million tons, the comprehensive utilization rate of the iron tailings is low, and the accumulation of a large amount of tailings not only causes resource waste, but also causes serious influence on the surrounding environment. The Hebei Chengde vanadium titano-magnetite has abundant reserves, and at present, a large amount of vanadium titano-magnetite tailings are piled up in the region. There are some key technical problems to the comprehensive utilization of the secondary of vanadium titano-magnetite tailing: 1) the grade of iron and titanium in the tailings is too low; 2) the flotation difficulty is increased due to the fact that useful minerals are embedded and have fine granularity. And therefore needs to be explored to achieve high value-added utilization thereof.
The aerated concrete is a light porous silicate product prepared by taking siliceous materials (sand, fly ash, siliceous tailings and the like) and calcareous materials (lime, cement) as main raw materials, adding a gas former (aluminum powder), and carrying out the processes of proportioning, stirring, pouring, pre-curing, cutting, autoclaving, curing and the like. The waste material generated after the production and use of the aerated concrete is a large amount of waste material, the technical problem of how to treat the aerated concrete waste material is a key solution of each enterprise, the waste material of the aerated concrete is utilized and changed into valuable, and the current green cycle development concept is met.
The Chinese medicinal composition mainly comprises plant (such as root, stem, leaf, flower, and fruit), animal (such as viscera, skin, and bone), and part of mineral medicinal materials, wherein the plant medicinal materials account for more than 87%. China is a big country for producing traditional Chinese medicines, the share of the world in the herbal medicine market is increased year by year, and the traditional Chinese medicines bring huge business opportunities and also generate a large amount of traditional Chinese medicine residues. The traditional Chinese medicine dregs are generally wet materials, the water content is high (up to more than 70 percent), and if the dregs are not treated in time, the dregs are easy to decay and deteriorate, emit stink and breed bacteria, thereby polluting the production of medicines and the environment around factories. The traditional Chinese medicine residue treatment mode mainly comprises fixed area stacking, landfill, burning and the like, which not only costs a large amount of capital and occupies a large land area, but also causes resource waste and secondary pollution of water and atmosphere to a certain extent.
How to effectively utilize vanadium-titanium-iron tailings, aerated concrete waste and traditional Chinese medicine residues, changing waste into valuable, greatly reducing environmental pollution and realizing great economic benefit and social benefit, and the technical problem is urgently solved for people.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for preparing low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using tailings and Chinese medicine residues, which enables the comprehensive utilization rate of solid wastes to reach more than 90%, realizes the green sustainable development of the solid wastes, and simultaneously reduces the preparation cost of the high-performance concrete.
The invention relates to a method for preparing low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using tailings and traditional Chinese medicine residues, which comprises the following steps:
s1, performing cone crushing on the recycled aggregate concrete to obtain crushed particles containing stones, shaping the crushed particles by using a vertical shaft impact crusher to obtain recycled aggregate concrete stones, and finally washing and drying the stones to obtain coarse aggregates; drying and screening the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings to obtain vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles with the particle size of less than 4mm, wherein the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles are used as fine aggregates;
s2, washing the Chinese medicine residues, drying and carbonizing at high temperature; calcining dolomite waste residues at high temperature; mixing and grinding the traditional Chinese medicine residues after high-temperature carbonization and the dolomite waste residues after high-temperature calcination according to a proportion to obtain an additive;
s3, crushing the aerated concrete waste to be smaller than 2mm, and then drying and grinding; drying and grinding the phosphogypsum; mixing the treated aerated concrete waste and phosphogypsum with an additive, adding sugarcane fibers, and fully stirring to completely dissociate the sugarcane fibers to obtain a composite cementing material;
s4, mixing the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the composite cementing material to obtain a mixture;
s5, adding a proper amount of water and the bean curd wastewater subjected to cold storage and filtration into the mixture to obtain mixed slurry; and pouring, demolding and standard curing the mixed slurry to obtain the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete product.
Optionally, in the step S1, the recycled aggregate concrete is crushed into 5-15 mm in a cone shape to obtain crushed particles containing stones, the crushed particles are shaped by a vertical shaft impact crusher, mortar attached to the surface is removed to obtain stones with a particle size of 5-10 mm, the stones are washed until the mud content is less than 5%, and then dried until the water content is less than 0.1%, and the drying temperature of the stones and the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings is 80-110 ℃.
Optionally, in the step S2, the water content of the cleaned and dried herb residue is less than 0.1%, and the carbonization temperature is 300-700 ℃; the calcining temperature of the dolomite waste residues is 800-1200 ℃; the mixing ratio of the traditional Chinese medicine residues after high-temperature carbonization to the dolomite waste residues after high-temperature calcination is 1: 3-1: 1, and the traditional Chinese medicine residues and the dolomite waste residues are mixed and ground to be less than 200 meshes.
Optionally, the crushed aerated concrete waste in the step S3 is ground to a specific surface area of 350-700 m2Per kg; grinding the phosphogypsum to the specific surface area of 300-500 m2Per kg; mixing the pretreated materials with sugarcane fibers, and then fully stirring the mixture by using a horizontal vibration concrete stirrer, wherein the stirring speed is 48r/min, and the stirring time is 10-20 min; and drying the aerated concrete waste and the phosphogypsum powder until the water content is less than 0.1 percent and the drying temperature is 80-110 ℃.
Optionally, the composite cementing material in the step S3 includes the following components by mass percent: 10-30% of phosphogypsum, 10-40% of aerated concrete waste, 30-60% of additive and 10-20% of sugarcane fiber, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
Optionally, the mixture in the step S4 includes the following components by mass percent: 40-50% of coarse aggregate, 20-35% of fine aggregate and 25-35% of composite cementing material, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
Optionally, the mass of the water in the step S5 is 3-5% of the mass of the composite cementing material; the bean curd waste water after cold storage and filtration accounts for 5-20% of the water mass.
Optionally, the curing conditions in step S5 are: the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃, the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the curing is carried out for 28 days.
Optionally, the main chemical components of phosphogypsum are: SO (SO)330～50％，CaO 20～40％，SiO22～5％。
Optionally, the main chemical components of the aerated concrete waste are as follows: SiO 2230～60％，CaO 20～40％，Al2O33～8％。
Optionally, the main chemical components of the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings are as follows: SiO 2230～50％，CaO 10～25％，Al2O35～20％，Fe2O35～20％。
In the invention, the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings are industrial waste residues with active ingredients, and the aerated concrete waste is also solid waste with active ingredients. The two have similar chemical compositions, mainly SiO2、CaO、Al2O3. The invention prepares the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by utilizing the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings and the aerated concrete waste material with large mixing amount, on the one hand, the invention utilizes the active SiO dissolved from the tailings raw material2、Al2O3Hydration reaction is carried out in an alkaline environment under the synergistic action of the dolomite waste residue, the phosphogypsum and the bean curd waste water (after refrigeration and filtration) to generate hydration products such as ettringite, C-S-H gel and the like, and heavy metal ions are adsorbed and solidified while the traditional Chinese medicine residue, the sugarcane fibers and the hydration products in the system are combined to generate a good framework structure, so that the mechanical property and the durability of a concrete product are greatly improved; on the other hand, the system contains a large amount of MgO and CaO, and the MgO and the CaO have expansibility, so that the shrinkage of the system caused by hydration reaction can be effectively reduced. The low-shrinkage high-performance concrete prepared from the tailings traditional Chinese medicine residues not only realizes the resource utilization of industrial solid wastes, but also reduces the preparation cost of the high-performance concrete, and provides a new idea for the reasonable utilization of vanadium-titanium-iron tailings, aerated concrete wastes, traditional Chinese medicine residues and sugarcane fibers.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can obtain the following technical effects:
1) the traditional Chinese medicine residues are added, a certain amount of active carbon is generated after the traditional Chinese medicine residues are carbonized, and the reducibility and the adsorption property of the active carbon and the combination effect between metal ions and adsorbed substances are utilized, so that the effect of removing the heavy metal ions in the traditional Chinese medicine residues and the system is achieved; in addition, auxiliary materials such as phosphogypsum, aerated concrete waste materials and bean curd waste water (after refrigeration and filtration) are added to participate in hydration reaction, the generated hydration products such as ettringite and C-S-H gel are combined with the traditional Chinese medicine residues to generate a good framework structure, and the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron, the aluminum-oxygen tetrahedron and micropores in the aerated concrete waste materials adsorb and solidify heavy metal ions contained in the traditional Chinese medicine residues.
2) The dolomite waste residue added in the invention provides a large amount of MgO and CaO in a hydration system, and the MgO and the CaO have expansibility, so that the shrinkage generated by hydration reaction of a concrete product can be effectively reduced.
3) The invention adds the bagasse fiber, the bagasse fiber mainly takes cellulose as main body, and the periphery of the bagasse fiber is surrounded by hemicellulose and lignin which play a role of connection. In the alkaline environment created by a hydration system, the structure of lignin is not changed, but hemicellulose is removed, fiber bundles are decomposed and refined, the fiber bundles are decomposed to become thin, and the number of micro fibers is increased. The consequence is that the contact area between the fibers and the base material is increased along with the increase of the number of the fibers, the bonding performance between the fibers and the base material is improved, the concrete cracks are reduced, and the strength and the durability of the concrete are improved.
4) The invention utilizes the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings, the aerated concrete waste, the traditional Chinese medicine slag and other solid wastes, can prepare the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete meeting the national standard requirements, saves the cost of the concrete, and provides a feasible new method for resource utilization of a large amount of solid wastes.
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FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method for preparing low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using tailings traditional Chinese medicine residues.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, so that how to implement the technical features of the present invention to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.
Step 1, crushing recycled aggregate concrete into 5-15 mm in a cone mode to obtain crushed particles containing stones, shaping the crushed particles by using a vertical shaft impact crusher to obtain recycled aggregate concrete stones with the particle size of 5-10 mm, finally washing the stones until the mud content is less than 5%, and drying until the water content is less than 0.1% to obtain coarse aggregates; drying the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings until the water content is less than 0.1%, and screening to obtain vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles with the particle size of less than 4mm, wherein the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles are used as fine aggregates; the drying temperature of the stones and the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings is 80-110 ℃;
step 2, cleaning and drying the Chinese medicine residues until the water content is less than 0.1%, and then carbonizing at the high temperature of 300-700 ℃; calcining the dolomite waste residue at a high temperature of 800-1200 ℃; mixing and grinding the traditional Chinese medicine residues after high-temperature carbonization and the dolomite waste residues after high-temperature calcination to less than 200 meshes according to the ratio of 1: 3-1: 1 to obtain an additive;
step 3, crushing the aerated concrete waste to be less than 2mm, drying at 80-110 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.1%, and then grinding until the specific surface area is 350-700 m2Per kg; drying the phosphogypsum at 80-110 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.1%, and then grinding the phosphogypsum until the specific surface area is 300-500 m2Per kg; mixing the treated aerated concrete waste and phosphogypsum with an additive, adding a certain amount of sugarcane fibers, and fully stirring by using a horizontal vibration concrete stirrer at a stirring speed of 48r/min for 10-20 min; so that the sugarcane fibers are completely dissociated to obtain the composite gelled material; the composite cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-30% of phosphogypsum, 10-40% of aerated concrete waste, 30-60% of additive and 10-20% of sugarcane fiber, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
Step 4, mixing the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the composite cementing material to obtain a mixture; the mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40-50% of coarse aggregate, 20-35% of fine aggregate and 25-35% of composite cementing material, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
Step 5, adding water accounting for 3-5% of the mass of the composite cementing material and bean curd wastewater accounting for 5-20% of the mass of the water into the mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry; and finally, pouring, demolding and performing standard maintenance on the mixed slurry, wherein the standard maintenance conditions are as follows: maintaining at 20 + -2 deg.C and humidity of 95% or more for 28 days; finally obtaining the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete product.
Example 1
A method for preparing low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using tailings and traditional Chinese medicine residues comprises the following steps:
crushing the recycled aggregate concrete into 5-15 mm in a cone manner to obtain crushed particles containing stones, shaping the crushed particles by using a vertical shaft impact crusher to obtain recycled aggregate concrete stones with the particle size of 5-10 mm, finally washing the stones until the mud content is less than 5%, and drying until the water content is less than 0.1% to obtain coarse aggregates; drying the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings until the water content is less than 0.1%, and screening to obtain vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles with the particle size of less than 4mm, wherein the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles are used as fine aggregates; the drying temperature of the recycled aggregate concrete stone and the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings is both 110 ℃;
cleaning the residue, oven drying until the water content is less than 0.1%, and carbonizing at 300 deg.C; calcining the dolomite waste residue at a high temperature of 800 ℃; mixing and grinding the traditional Chinese medicine residues after high-temperature carbonization and the dolomite waste residues after high-temperature calcination to less than 200 meshes according to a ratio of 1:3 to obtain an additive;
crushing the aerated concrete waste to less than 2mm, drying at 80 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.1%, and then grinding until the specific surface area is 350m2Per kg; drying phosphogypsum at 80 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.1 percent, and then grinding the phosphogypsum into powder with the specific surface area of 300m2Per kg; mixing the treated aerated concrete waste and phosphogypsum with an additive, adding a certain amount of sugarcane fibers, and fully stirring by using a horizontal vibration concrete stirrer at a stirring speed of 48r/min for 10min to completely dissociate the sugarcane fibers to obtain a composite cementing material; the composite cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of phosphogypsum, 30% of aerated concrete waste, 50% of additive and 10% of sugarcane fiber, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
Mixing the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the composite cementing material to obtain a mixture; the mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40% of coarse aggregate, 30% of fine aggregate and 30% of composite cementing material, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
Adding water accounting for 3% of the mass of the composite cementing material and bean curd wastewater accounting for 5% of the mass of the water into the mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry; and finally, pouring, demolding and performing standard maintenance on the mixed slurry, wherein the standard maintenance conditions are as follows: maintaining at 20 + -2 deg.C and humidity of 95% or more for 28 days; finally obtaining the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete product.
The performance criteria for the low shrinkage, high performance concrete obtained according to example 1 are shown in Table 1:
TABLE 1 Performance index for low shrinkage high Performance concrete prepared in example 1
| Performance of | 28d compressive strength/MPa | 28d carbonization depth/mm | 28d drying shrinkage/10-6 |
| Index (I) | 74 | 13 | 280 |
Example 2
A method for preparing low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using tailings and traditional Chinese medicine residues comprises the following steps:
crushing the recycled aggregate concrete into 5-15 mm in a cone manner to obtain crushed particles containing stones, shaping the crushed particles by using a vertical shaft impact crusher to obtain recycled aggregate concrete stones with the particle size of 5-10 mm, finally washing the stones until the mud content is less than 5%, and drying until the water content is less than 0.1% to obtain coarse aggregates; drying the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings until the water content is less than 0.1%, and screening to obtain vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles with the particle size of less than 4mm, wherein the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles are used as fine aggregates; the drying temperature of the recycled aggregate concrete stone and the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings is both 110 ℃;
cleaning the residue, oven drying until the water content is less than 0.1%, and carbonizing at 400 deg.C; calcining the dolomite waste residue at the high temperature of 900 ℃; mixing and grinding the traditional Chinese medicine residues after high-temperature carbonization and the dolomite waste residues after high-temperature calcination to less than 200 meshes according to a ratio of 1:3 to obtain an additive;
crushing the aerated concrete waste to less than 2mm, drying at 110 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.1%, and then grinding until the specific surface area is 400m2Per kg; drying phosphogypsum at 110 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.1 percent, and then grinding the phosphogypsum into powder with the specific surface area of 400m2Per kg; mixing the treated aerated concrete waste and phosphogypsum with an additive, adding a certain amount of sugarcane fibers, and fully stirring by using a horizontal vibration concrete stirrer at a stirring speed of 48r/min for 10min to completely dissociate the sugarcane fibers to obtain a composite cementing material; the composite cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of phosphogypsum, 30% of aerated concrete waste, 50% of additive and 10% of sugarcane fiber, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
Mixing the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the composite cementing material to obtain a mixture; the mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40% of coarse aggregate, 35% of fine aggregate and 25% of composite cementing material, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
Adding water accounting for 3% of the mass of the composite cementing material and bean curd wastewater accounting for 5% of the mass of the water into the mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry; and finally, pouring, demolding and performing standard maintenance on the mixed slurry, wherein the standard maintenance conditions are as follows: maintaining at 20 + -2 deg.C and humidity of 95% or more for 28 days; finally obtaining the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete product.
The performance criteria for the low shrinkage, high performance concrete obtained according to example 2 are shown in Table 2:
TABLE 2 Performance index of low shrinkage high Performance concrete prepared in example 2
| Performance of | 28d compressive strength/MPa | 28d carbonization depth/mm | 28d drying shrinkage/10-6 |
| Index (I) | 71 | 13 | 260 |
Example 3
A method for preparing low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using tailings and traditional Chinese medicine residues comprises the following steps:
crushing the recycled aggregate concrete into 5-15 mm in a cone manner to obtain crushed particles containing stones, shaping the crushed particles by using a vertical shaft impact crusher to obtain recycled aggregate concrete stones with the particle size of 5-10 mm, finally washing the stones until the mud content is less than 5%, and drying until the water content is less than 0.1% to obtain coarse aggregates; drying the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings until the water content is less than 0.1%, and screening to obtain vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles with the particle size of less than 4mm, wherein the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles are used as fine aggregates; the drying temperature of the recycled aggregate concrete stone and the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings is both 80 ℃;
cleaning the residue, oven drying until the water content is less than 0.1%, and carbonizing at 500 deg.C; calcining the dolomite waste residue at the high temperature of 1000 ℃; mixing and grinding the traditional Chinese medicine residues after high-temperature carbonization and the dolomite waste residues after high-temperature calcination to less than 200 meshes according to a ratio of 1:2 to obtain an additive;
crushing the aerated concrete waste to less than 2mm, drying at 100 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.1%, and then grinding to the specific surface area of 500m2Per kg; drying phosphogypsum at 100 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.1 percent, and then grinding the phosphogypsum into powder with the specific surface area of 500m2Per kg; mixing the treated aerated concrete waste and phosphogypsum with an additive, adding a certain amount of sugarcane fibers, and fully stirring by using a horizontal vibration concrete stirrer at a stirring speed of 48r/min for 20min to completely dissociate the sugarcane fibers to obtain a composite cementing material; the composite cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of phosphogypsum, 20% of aerated concrete waste, 40% of additive and 20% of sugarcane fiber, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
Mixing the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the composite cementing material to obtain a mixture; the mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40% of coarse aggregate, 25% of fine aggregate and 35% of composite cementing material, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
Adding water accounting for 4% of the mass of the composite cementing material and bean curd wastewater accounting for 10% of the mass of the water into the mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry; and finally, pouring, demolding and performing standard maintenance on the mixed slurry, wherein the standard maintenance conditions are as follows: maintaining at 20 + -2 deg.C and humidity of 95% or more for 28 days; finally obtaining the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete product.
In this example, the main chemical components of the phosphogypsum are: SO (SO)330～50％，CaO 20～40％，SiO22-5%. The aerated concrete waste comprises the following main chemical components: SiO 2230～60％，CaO 20～40％，Al2O33-8%; the vanadium-titanium iron tailings comprise the following main chemical components: SiO 2230～50％，CaO 10～25％，Al2O35～20％，Fe2O3 5～20％。
The performance criteria for the low shrinkage, high performance concrete obtained according to example 3 are shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3 Performance index for low shrinkage high Performance concrete prepared in example 3
| Performance of | 28d compressive strength/MPa | 28d carbonization depth/mm | 28d drying shrinkage/10-6 |
| Index (I) | 75 | 11 | 270 |
Example 4
A method for preparing low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using tailings and traditional Chinese medicine residues comprises the following steps:
crushing the recycled aggregate concrete into 5-15 mm in a cone manner to obtain crushed particles containing stones, shaping the crushed particles by using a vertical shaft impact crusher to obtain recycled aggregate concrete stones with the particle size of 5-10 mm, finally washing the stones until the mud content is less than 5%, and drying until the water content is less than 0.1% to obtain coarse aggregates; drying the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings until the water content is less than 0.1%, and screening to obtain vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles with the particle size of less than 4mm, wherein the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles are used as fine aggregates; the drying temperature of the recycled aggregate concrete stone and the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings is both 100 ℃;
cleaning the residue, oven drying until the water content is less than 0.1%, and carbonizing at 600 deg.C; calcining dolomite waste residue at the high temperature of 1100 ℃; mixing and grinding the traditional Chinese medicine residues after high-temperature carbonization and the dolomite waste residues after high-temperature calcination to less than 200 meshes according to a ratio of 1:2 to obtain an additive;
crushing the aerated concrete waste to less than 2mm, drying at 110 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.1%, and then grinding until the specific surface area is 700m2Per kg; drying phosphogypsum at 110 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.1 percent, and then grinding the phosphogypsum into powder with the specific surface area of 300m2Per kg; mixing the treated aerated concrete waste and phosphogypsum with an additive, adding a certain amount of sugarcane fibers, and fully stirring by using a horizontal vibration concrete stirrer at a stirring speed of 48r/min for 20min to completely dissociate the sugarcane fibers to obtain a composite cementing material; the composite cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10% of phosphogypsum, 20% of aerated concrete waste, 50% of additive and 20% of sugarcane fiber, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
Mixing the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the composite cementing material to obtain a mixture; the mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% of coarse aggregate, 20% of fine aggregate and 30% of composite cementing material, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
Adding water accounting for 5% of the mass of the composite cementing material and bean curd wastewater accounting for 5% of the mass of the water into the mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry; and finally, pouring, demolding and performing standard maintenance on the mixed slurry, wherein the standard maintenance conditions are as follows: maintaining at 20 + -2 deg.C and humidity of 95% or more for 28 days; finally obtaining the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete product.
In this example, the main chemical components of the phosphogypsum are: SO (SO)330～50％，CaO 20～40％，SiO22-5%. The aerated concrete waste comprises the following main chemical components: SiO 2230～60％，CaO 20～40％，Al2O33-8%; the vanadium-titanium iron tailings comprise the following main chemical components: SiO 2230～50％，CaO 10～25％，Al2O35～20％，Fe2O35～20％。
The performance criteria for the low shrinkage, high performance concrete obtained according to example 4 are shown in Table 4:
TABLE 4 Performance index of low shrinkage high Performance concrete prepared in example 4
| Performance of | 28d compressive strength/MPa | 28d carbonization depth/mm | 28d drying shrinkage/10-6 |
| Index (I) | 77 | 12 | 280 |
Example 5
A method for preparing low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using tailings and traditional Chinese medicine residues comprises the following steps:
crushing the recycled aggregate concrete into 5-15 mm in a cone manner to obtain crushed particles containing stones, shaping the crushed particles by using a vertical shaft impact crusher to obtain recycled aggregate concrete stones with the particle size of 5-10 mm, finally washing the stones until the mud content is less than 5%, and drying until the water content is less than 0.1% to obtain coarse aggregates; drying the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings until the water content is less than 0.1%, and screening to obtain vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles with the particle size of less than 4mm, wherein the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles are used as fine aggregates; the drying temperature of the recycled aggregate concrete stone and the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings is both 110 ℃;
cleaning the residue, oven drying until the water content is less than 0.1%, and carbonizing at 700 deg.C; calcining the dolomite waste residue at a high temperature of 800 ℃; mixing and grinding the traditional Chinese medicine residues after high-temperature carbonization and the dolomite waste residues after high-temperature calcination to less than 200 meshes according to a ratio of 1:1 to obtain an additive;
crushing the waste material of the aerated concrete to less than 2mm, and drying the crushed material at 90 ℃ toThe water content is less than 0.1 percent, and then the mixture is ground until the specific surface area is 700m2Per kg; drying phosphogypsum at 90 ℃ until the water content is less than 0.1 percent, and then grinding the phosphogypsum into powder with the specific surface area of 500m2Per kg; mixing the treated aerated concrete waste and phosphogypsum with an additive, adding a certain amount of sugarcane fibers, and fully stirring by using a horizontal vibration concrete stirrer at a stirring speed of 48r/min for 15min to completely dissociate the sugarcane fibers to obtain a composite cementing material; the composite cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 15% of phosphogypsum, 15% of aerated concrete waste, 60% of additive and 10% of sugarcane fiber, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
Mixing the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the composite cementing material to obtain a mixture; the mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 45% of coarse aggregate, 30% of fine aggregate and 25% of composite cementing material, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
Adding water accounting for 5% of the mass of the composite cementing material and bean curd wastewater accounting for 5% of the mass of the water into the mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry; and finally, pouring, demolding and performing standard maintenance on the mixed slurry, wherein the standard maintenance conditions are as follows: maintaining at 20 + -2 deg.C and humidity of 95% or more for 28 days; finally obtaining the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete product.
The performance criteria for the low shrinkage, high performance concrete obtained according to example 5 are shown in Table 5:
TABLE 5 Performance index for low shrinkage high Performance concrete prepared in example 5
| Performance of | 28d compressive strength/MPa | 28d carbonization depth/mm | 28d drying shrinkage/10-6 |
| Index (I) | 70 | 12 | 250 |
Example 6
A method for preparing low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using tailings and traditional Chinese medicine residues comprises the following steps:
crushing the recycled aggregate concrete into 5-15 mm in a cone manner to obtain crushed particles containing stones, shaping the crushed particles by using a vertical shaft impact crusher to obtain recycled aggregate concrete stones with the particle size of 5-10 mm, finally washing the stones until the mud content is less than 5%, and drying until the water content is less than 0.1% to obtain coarse aggregates; drying the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings until the water content is less than 0.1%, and screening to obtain vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles with the particle size of less than 4mm, wherein the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles are used as fine aggregates; the drying temperature of the recycled aggregate concrete stone and the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings is both 90 ℃;
cleaning the residue, oven drying until the water content is less than 0.1%, and carbonizing at 700 deg.C; calcining the dolomite waste residue at the high temperature of 1200 ℃; mixing and grinding the traditional Chinese medicine residues after high-temperature carbonization and the dolomite waste residues after high-temperature calcination to less than 200 meshes according to a ratio of 1:1 to obtain an additive;
crushing the aerated concrete waste to less than 2mm, drying until the water content is less than 0.1 percent, and then grinding until the specific surface area is 600m2Per kg; drying the phosphogypsum until the water content is less than 0.1 percent, and then grinding the phosphogypsum until the specific surface area is 400m2Per kg; mixing the treated aerated concrete waste and phosphogypsum with an additive, adding a certain amount of sugarcane fibers, and fully stirring by using a horizontal vibration concrete stirrer at a stirring speed of 48r/min for 20min to completely dissociate the sugarcane fibers to obtain a composite cementing material; the composite cementing material comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20% of phosphogypsum, 40% of aerated concrete waste, 30% of additive and 10% of sugarcane fiber, wherein the total mass percentage isIs 100%.
Mixing the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the composite cementing material to obtain a mixture; the mixture comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 50% of coarse aggregate, 25% of fine aggregate and 25% of composite cementing material, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
Adding water accounting for 4% of the mass of the composite cementing material and bean curd wastewater accounting for 20% of the mass of the water into the mixture, and uniformly mixing to obtain mixed slurry; and finally, pouring, demolding and performing standard maintenance on the mixed slurry, wherein the standard maintenance conditions are as follows: maintaining at 20 + -2 deg.C and humidity of 95% or more for 28 days; finally obtaining the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete product.
The performance criteria for the low shrinkage, high performance concrete obtained according to example 6 are shown in Table 6:
TABLE 6 Performance index of low shrinkage high Performance concrete prepared in example 6
| Performance of | 28d compressive strength/MPa | 28d carbonization depth/mm | 28d drying shrinkage/10-6 |
| Index (I) | 72 | 13 | 270 |
From examples 1 to 6, it can be seen that: the concrete prepared by utilizing solid wastes such as vanadium-titanium-iron tailings, aerated concrete waste, traditional Chinese medicine residues and the like has excellent compressive strength, carbonization depth and low shrinkage. The concrete not only can meet the low shrinkage and high performance required by national regulations, but also greatly reduces the cost of the concrete, and has great popularization and application prospects.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. made by those skilled in the art within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using tailings and traditional Chinese medicine residues comprises the following steps:
s1, performing cone crushing on the recycled aggregate concrete to obtain crushed particles containing stones, shaping the crushed particles by using a vertical shaft impact crusher to obtain recycled aggregate concrete stones, and finally washing and drying the stones to obtain coarse aggregates; drying and screening the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings to obtain vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles with the particle size of less than 4mm, wherein the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings particles are used as fine aggregates;
s2, washing the Chinese medicine residues, drying and carbonizing at high temperature; calcining dolomite waste residues at high temperature; mixing and grinding the traditional Chinese medicine residues after high-temperature carbonization and the dolomite waste residues after high-temperature calcination according to a proportion to obtain an additive;
s3, crushing the aerated concrete waste to be smaller than 2mm, and then drying and grinding; drying and grinding the phosphogypsum; mixing the treated aerated concrete waste and phosphogypsum with an additive, adding sugarcane fibers, and fully stirring to completely dissociate the sugarcane fibers to obtain a composite cementing material;
s4, mixing the coarse aggregate, the fine aggregate and the composite cementing material to obtain a mixture;
s5, adding a proper amount of water and the bean curd wastewater subjected to cold storage and filtration into the mixture to obtain mixed slurry; pouring, demolding and standard curing the mixed slurry to obtain a low-shrinkage high-performance concrete product;
wherein, in the step S2, the water content of the cleaned and dried Chinese medicine residue is less than 0.1 percent, and the carbonization temperature is 300-700 ℃; calcining temperature of dolomite waste residueIs 800-1200 ℃; mixing the traditional Chinese medicine residue after high-temperature carbonization and the dolomite waste residue after high-temperature calcination in a ratio of 1: 3-1: 1, and grinding the mixture to 500-700 m2/kg。
2. The method for preparing the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using the tailings and the Chinese medicine residues as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, the recycled aggregate concrete is crushed into 5-15 mm in a cone shape to obtain crushed particles containing stones, the crushed particles are shaped by a vertical shaft impact crusher to remove mortar attached to the surface to obtain stones with the particle size of 5-10 mm, the stones are washed until the mud content is less than 5%, then the stones are dried until the water content is less than 0.1%, and the drying temperatures of the stones and the vanadium-titanium-iron tailings are both 80-110 ℃.
3. The method for preparing the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using the tailings and the traditional Chinese medicine residues as claimed in claim 1, wherein the aerated concrete waste crushed in the step S3 is ground into powder with the specific surface area of 400-700 m2Per kg; grinding the phosphogypsum to reach the specific surface area of 400-600 m2Per kg; mixing the pretreated materials with sugarcane fibers, and then fully stirring the mixture by using a horizontal vibration concrete stirrer, wherein the stirring speed is 48r/min, and the stirring time is 10-20 min; and drying the aerated concrete waste and the phosphogypsum powder until the water content is less than 0.1 percent and the drying temperature is 80-110 ℃.
4. The method for preparing the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using the tailings and the traditional Chinese medicine residues as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite cementing material in the step S3 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 10-30% of phosphogypsum, 10-40% of aerated concrete waste, 30-60% of additive and 10-20% of sugarcane fiber, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
5. The method for preparing the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using the tailings as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mixture in the step S4 comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 40-50% of coarse aggregate, 20-35% of fine aggregate and 25-35% of composite cementing material, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%.
6. The method for preparing the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using the tailings and the traditional Chinese medicine residues according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the water in the step S5 is 3-5% of that of the composite cementing material; the bean curd waste water after cold storage and filtration accounts for 5-20% of the water mass.
7. The method for preparing the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using the tailings and the traditional Chinese medicine residues as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the curing conditions in the step S5 are as follows: the temperature is 20 +/-2 ℃, the humidity is more than or equal to 95 percent, and the curing is carried out for 28 days.
8. The method for preparing the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using the tailings and the traditional Chinese medicine residues according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the main chemical components of the phosphogypsum are as follows: SO (SO)3 30～50％，CaO 20～40％，SiO2 2～5％。
9. The method for preparing the low-shrinkage high-performance concrete by using the tailings and the traditional Chinese medicine residues as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the main chemical components of the aerated concrete waste are as follows: SiO 22 30～60％，CaO 20～40％，Al2O33-8%; the vanadium-titanium iron tailings comprise the following main chemical components: SiO 2230～50％，CaO 10～25％，Al2O3 5～20％，Fe2O3 5～20％。
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