CN111657035A - High-quality high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation - Google Patents
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
- A01C21/005—Following a specific plan, e.g. pattern
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G1/00—Mixtures of fertilisers belonging individually to different subclasses of C05
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/60—Biocides or preservatives, e.g. disinfectants, pesticides or herbicides; Pest repellants or attractants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/10—Solid or semi-solid fertilisers, e.g. powders
- C05G5/12—Granules or flakes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/20—Liquid fertilisers
- C05G5/23—Solutions
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-quality and high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation, relates to the technical field of crop planting, and solves the problems that trace elements in soil are lacked, the soil quality is reduced, and plant diseases and insect pests are aggravated due to the existing winter jujube planting technology. The method comprises (1) heavily applying deep base fertilizer, from the middle ten days of 9 months to the bottom of 10 months in autumn every year, opening a deep fertilizer application ditch of 20-30 cm at the tree crown water dropping boundary, and applying 400 kg of balanced biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer per mu of base fertilizer; (2) lightly applying shallow germination fertilizer, and applying 40-60 kg of high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer in each mu in shallow furrow or along with water 7-10 days before winter jujube germination in spring every year; (3) in the fruit expanding period, 60-100 kg of high-potassium biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 20-40 kg of high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer are applied; (4) spraying amino acid-containing microelement calcium fertilizer on leaf surfaces for 3-5 times after fruit setting. The invention better solves the problems of the planting quality of winter jujubes for many years and the continuous improvement of products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a high-quality and high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation.
Background
The winter jujube is a variety of jujube trees and is a variety with better economic benefit, contains rich sugar, vitamins and the like, is delicious when being eaten fresh, has crisp skin and has fine and tender meat quality. Is a high-grade fresh food variety in northern deciduous fruit trees; the ripened seeds can crack when falling on the ground; the juice is rich, sweet and fragrant and has no residue; thick meat and small core, and the edible rate can reach 96.1%. However, in recent years, the yield, quality and stress resistance of winter jujubes in many regions are remarkably reduced due to the fertilization management level and the like.
The normal growth and development and yield quality of the winter jujube trees need to have sufficient organic substances and mineral nutrients, wherein the mineral nutrients are mainly required by nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and secondary medium and trace elements such as calcium, magnesium, sulfur, zinc, boron, iron and the like. The base fertilizer is mainly adhered to, the additional fertilizer is used as an auxiliary fertilizer, more nitrogen fertilizer is needed in the early period, the phosphorus potassium fertilizer is mainly used as an auxiliary fertilizer in the middle and later periods, and more water is needed in the flowering period. The unreasonable planting and fertilizing management mode for many years results in the deficiency of trace elements in soil, the reduction of soil quality and the aggravation of plant diseases and insect pests. Therefore, the problem to be solved must be picked up from the root of the soil, and the development and application of soil degradation repair and fertilization technology are started. The traditional inorganic compound fertilizer has high nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient content, but concentrated release, more damaged roots and seedlings and less fertilizer strength, so that the yield is low, the quality is poor, and finally the soil function is degraded. The invention better solves the problems of the planting quality of winter jujubes for many years and the continuous improvement of products.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the invention provides a high-quality and high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation, aiming at solving the problems that trace elements in soil are lacked, the soil quality is reduced, and plant diseases and insect pests are aggravated due to the existing winter jujube planting technology.
The invention specifically adopts the following technical scheme for realizing the purpose:
a high-quality and high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation comprises the following steps:
(1) heavily applying base fertilizer, namely, deeply applying fertilizer ditches 20-30 cm at the water dropping boundary of the crown from the middle ten days to the bottom of 10 months in autumn every year, and applying 400 kilograms of balanced biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer per mu of base fertilizer;
(2) lightly applying the germination fertilizer in shallow depth, and applying the high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer in shallow ditches or along with water in 7-10 days before winter jujube germination in spring every year, wherein 40-60 kg of the high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer is applied per mu;
(3) in the fruit expanding period, 60-100 kg of high-potassium biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 20-40 kg of high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer are applied;
(4) spraying amino acid-containing microelement calcium fertilizer on leaf surfaces for 3-5 times after fruit setting.
Preferably, the balanced bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer in the step (1) is a granular fertilizer, the balanced bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer contains 30% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients, 30% of organic matters, 15% of total humic acid, 3% of amino acid, 3% of available calcium (CaO), 0.3% of trace elements, 0.3% of polyglutamic acid and 0.3 hundred million/gram of beneficial viable bacteria, and the balanced bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer contains 10% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients respectively.
Preferably, the beneficial live bacteria comprise at least 4 of bacillus natto, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus, photosynthetic bacteria and actinomycetes.
Preferably, the high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer in the step (2) is a full-water-soluble granular fertilizer, and the high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer has the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient contents of 20%, 4% and 6%, the total nutrient content of 30%, the polyglutamic acid content of 0.6% and the fulvic acid content of 3% respectively.
Preferably, the high-potassium bio-organic-inorganic compound fertilizer in the step (3) is a granular fertilizer, and comprises 45% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium total nutrients, 18% of organic matters, more than or equal to 8% of total humic acid, 3% of amino acids, 0.3% of polyglutamic acid and 0.3 hundred million/g of beneficial viable bacteria, wherein the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium areThe contents of N10% and P2O55％、K2O 30％。
Preferably, the calcium fertilizer containing amino acid and trace elements in the step (4) is a full-aqueous liquid fertilizer, and the calcium fertilizer containing amino acid and trace elements comprises 100 g/L of amino acid, 200 g/L of organic matters, 40 g/L of trace elements and 125 g/L of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients.
Preferably, the calcium fertilizer containing amino acid trace elements is diluted by 200-fold and 300-fold when being sprayed.
Preferably, the content of the organic matter is detected by NY525-2012 standard; the total humic acid is monitored by GB/T11957-2001 standard.
The principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. every 1000 kg of winter jujube is produced, N1.5 kg, P2O51.0 kg, K21.3 kg of O and 1.1 kg of CaO1. The winter jujube is a late-maturing and fresh-eating fine variety, has strong adaptability and is drought-resistant and barren. The nitrogen absorption is mainly performed in the early and late stages of germination and flowering, the nitrogen fertilizer is applied more to improve the fruit setting rate, potassium absorption is mainly performed in fruit expansion and quality formation, and more potassium fertilizer and a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer need to be supplemented.
2. The long-term planted winter jujube trees show the problems of low yield, poor quality, more diseases and insect pests and the like, mainly because various nutrient elements in soil are not effectively supplemented. If the input of diazo, phosphorus and potassium is only injected, but the supplement of organic matters and medium and trace elements is neglected, the deficiency of some nutrient elements can be caused. Therefore, the key for improving the yield of the fruit trees is to supplement required nutrient elements, excite beneficial bacteria, inhibit and kill harmful bacteria, improve the stress resistance of the fruit trees, stimulate the growth of root systems, improve the activity of the root systems and improve the utilization rate of nutrients.
3. The biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer has effective complexing protection on nutrients such as high organic matter, humic acid, polyglutamic acid and nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, can improve the utilization efficiency to more than 70 percent, and has more lasting fertilizer effect; the content of humic acid is close to but not more than 50% of the total nutrient of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients are subjected to certain complexing protection, the utilization rate is higher, and the release strength is high; the humic acid fertilizer has five well-known characteristics, and the higher the total humic acid content is, the more prominent the five characteristics are. When the total content of calcium and trace elements in the bottom fertilizer is 1/5-1/4 of humic acid content, the activity and the utilization rate of the calcium and the trace elements and the complexing coordination of free humic acid are higher, so that the soil residual toxicity is more favorably decomposed, the soil structure is improved, and the stress resistance of fruit trees is improved.
4. The total humic acid detected by GB/T11957-2001 standard is a compound acid containing calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese, copper, boron and other trace elements, and the higher the content of the total humic acid is, the more the trace elements are contained.
5. When the organic matter content of the applied biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer reaches more than 20 percent, the polyglutamic acid reaches more than 0.2 percent, and the using amount of each mu is not less than 200 kilograms, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of soil tends to be reasonable, the soil structure is effectively improved, beneficial microorganisms in the soil are multiplied, exogenous beneficial bacteria can rapidly propagate and grow, soil pathogenic bacteria are effectively inhibited, the ecological function of the soil is improved, the root system of crops is developed, the stress resistance is enhanced, and the growth is robust.
6. According to the fertilizing technology, the requirement of 4500-6000 kilograms of land yield per mu on large, medium and trace elements above medium fertility can be completely met.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments.
Example 1
A high-quality and high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation comprises the following steps:
(1) heavily applying base fertilizer, namely, opening a 25 cm deep fertilizer ditch at the water dropping boundary of the crown from the middle ten days to the bottom of 10 months in autumn every year, applying 250 kg of balanced biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer to the base per mu, the balanced biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer contains 10 percent of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients, 30 percent of organic matter, 15 percent of total humic acid, 3 percent of amino acid, 3 percent of available calcium (CaO), 0.3 percent of trace elements, 0.3 percent of polyglutamic acid and 0.3 hundred million/g of beneficial viable bacteria, the beneficial viable bacteria comprise bacillus natto, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus, and the mixture ratio is bacillus natto: b, bacillus subtilis: b, bacillus licheniformis: b, bacillus megaterium: bacillus mucilaginosus 6:4:8:6: 7;
(2) lightly applying a shallow germination fertilizer, applying a high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer in shallow ditches or along with water 10 days before winter jujube germination in spring every year, and applying 40 kg of the compound fertilizer per mu, wherein the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient contents of the high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer are respectively 20%, 4% and 6%, the total nutrient is 30%, the polyglutamic acid content is 0.6% and the fulvic acid content is 3%;
(3) applying 80 kg of high-potassium biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 20 kg of high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer in a fruit expanding period, wherein the high-potassium biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is a granular fertilizer and comprises 45% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium total nutrients, 18% of organic matters, more than or equal to 8% of total humic acid, 3% of amino acid, 0.3% of polyglutamic acid and 0.3 hundred million/g of beneficial viable bacteria, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are respectively N10%, P2O55％、K2O 30％；
(4) And spraying amino acid-containing trace element calcium fertilizer on leaf surfaces for 4 times after fruit setting.
Example 2
A high-quality and high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation comprises the following steps:
(1) heavily applying base fertilizer, namely, opening a 25 cm deep fertilizer ditch at the water dropping boundary of the crown from the middle ten days to the bottom of 10 months in autumn every year, applying 400 kg of balanced biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer to the base per mu, the balanced biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer contains 10 percent of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients, 30 percent of organic matter, 15 percent of total humic acid, 3 percent of amino acid, 3 percent of available calcium (CaO), 0.3 percent of trace elements, 0.3 percent of polyglutamic acid and 0.3 hundred million/g of beneficial viable bacteria, the beneficial viable bacteria comprise bacillus natto, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus, and the mixture ratio is bacillus natto: b, bacillus subtilis: b, bacillus licheniformis: b, bacillus megaterium: actinomycetes is 4:6:7:6: 6;
(2) lightly applying a shallow germination fertilizer, applying a high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer in shallow ditches or along with water 10 days before winter jujube germination in spring every year, and applying 50 kg of the high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer per mu, wherein the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient contents of the high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer are respectively 20%, 4% and 6%, the total nutrient is 30%, the polyglutamic acid content is 0.6% and the fulvic acid content is 3%;
(3) 100 kg of high-potassium biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 40 kg of high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer are applied in the fruit expanding period, the high-potassium biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is a granular fertilizer and comprises 45 percent of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium total nutrients, 18 percent of organic matters, more than or equal to 8 percent of total humic acid, 3 percent of amino acid, 0.3 percent of polyglutamic acid and 0.3 hundred million/g of beneficial viable bacteria, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are respectively N10 percent and P2O55％、K2O 30％；
(4) And spraying amino acid-containing trace element calcium fertilizer on leaf surfaces for 4 times after fruit setting.
Example 3
A high-quality and high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation comprises the following steps:
(1) heavily applying base fertilizer, namely, opening a 25 cm deep fertilizer ditch at the water dropping boundary of the crown from the middle ten days to the bottom of 10 months in autumn every year, applying 300 kg of balanced biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer to the base per mu, the balanced biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer contains 10 percent of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients, 30 percent of organic matter, 15 percent of total humic acid, 3 percent of amino acid, 3 percent of available calcium (CaO), 0.3 percent of trace elements, 0.3 percent of polyglutamic acid and 0.3 hundred million/g of beneficial viable bacteria, the beneficial viable bacteria comprise bacillus natto, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium and bacillus mucilaginosus, and the mixture ratio is bacillus natto: b, bacillus subtilis: b, bacillus licheniformis: photosynthetic bacteria: bacillus mucilaginosus 6:5:6:7: 5;
(2) lightly applying a shallow germination fertilizer, applying 60 kilograms of high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer in shallow ditches or along with water in 10 days before winter jujube germination in spring every year, wherein the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient contents of the high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer are respectively 20%, 4% and 6%, the total nutrient is 30%, the polyglutamic acid content is 0.6% and the fulvic acid content is 3%;
(3) applying 60 kg of high-potassium biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 30 kg of high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer in a fruit expanding period, wherein the high-potassium biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is a granular fertilizer and comprises 45% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium total nutrients, 18% of organic matters, more than or equal to 8% of total humic acid, 3% of amino acid, 0.3% of polyglutamic acid and 0.3 hundred million/g of beneficial viable bacteria, and the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are respectively N10%, P2O55％、K2O 30％；
(4) And spraying amino acid-containing trace element calcium fertilizer on leaf surfaces for 4 times after fruit setting.
Using the existing winter jujube planting technique as comparative example 1, the per mu yields of winter jujubes were compared with those of examples 1-3 to obtain Table 1.
TABLE 1
Claims (8)
1. A high-quality and high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) heavily applying base fertilizer, namely, deeply applying fertilizer ditches 20-30 cm at the water dropping boundary of the crown from the middle ten days to the bottom of 10 months in autumn every year, and applying 400 kilograms of balanced biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer per mu of base fertilizer;
(2) lightly applying shallow germination fertilizer, and applying 40-60 kg of high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer in each mu in shallow furrow or along with water 7-10 days before winter jujube germination in spring every year;
(3) in the fruit expanding period, 60-100 kg of high-potassium biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer and 20-40 kg of high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer are applied;
(4) spraying amino acid-containing microelement calcium fertilizer on leaf surfaces for 3-5 times after fruit setting.
2. The high-quality high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the balanced biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer in the step (1) is a granular fertilizer, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients in the balanced biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is 30%, the content of organic matters is 30%, the content of total humic acid is 15%, the content of amino acid is 3%, the content of available calcium (CaO) is 3%, the content of trace elements is 0.3%, the content of polyglutamic acid is 0.3%, the content of beneficial viable bacteria is 0.3 hundred million/g, and the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients in the balanced biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer is 10% respectively.
3. The high-quality high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation according to claim 2, characterized in that: the beneficial viable bacteria comprise at least 4 of bacillus natto, bacillus subtilis, bacillus licheniformis, bacillus megaterium, bacillus mucilaginosus, photosynthetic bacteria and actinomycetes.
4. The high-quality high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer in the step (2) is a full-water-soluble granular fertilizer, and the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient contents of the high-nitrogen polyglutamic acid compound fertilizer are respectively 20%, 4% and 6%, the total nutrient is 30%, the polyglutamic acid content is 0.6%, and the fulvic acid content is 3%.
5. The high-quality high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-potassium biological organic-inorganic compound fertilizer in the step (3) is a granular fertilizer and comprises 45% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium total nutrients, 18% of organic matters, more than or equal to 8% of total humic acid, 3% of amino acid, 0.3% of polyglutamic acid and 0.3 hundred million/g of beneficial viable bacteria, wherein the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are respectively N10%, P2O55％、K2O 30％。
6. The high-quality high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that: the amino acid-containing microelement calcium fertilizer in the step (4) is a full-aqueous liquid fertilizer, and comprises 100 g/L of amino acid, 200 g/L of organic matter, 40 g/L of microelement and 125 g/L of total nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients.
7. The high-quality high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation according to claim 6, characterized in that: the calcium fertilizer containing amino acid trace elements is diluted by 200 and 300 times when being sprayed.
8. The high-quality and high-yield fertilization technology for winter jujube tree cultivation according to any one of claims 2, 5 and 6, characterized in that: the content of the organic matter is detected by adopting an NY525-2012 standard; the total humic acid is monitored by GB/T11957-2001 standard.
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Application publication date: 20200915 |