CN111650693B - 3X 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable beam splitting ratio and continuous adjustable - Google Patents
3X 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable beam splitting ratio and continuous adjustable Download PDFInfo
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- CN111650693B CN111650693B CN202010643712.0A CN202010643712A CN111650693B CN 111650693 B CN111650693 B CN 111650693B CN 202010643712 A CN202010643712 A CN 202010643712A CN 111650693 B CN111650693 B CN 111650693B
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 144
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B2006/2865—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers couplers of the 3x3 type
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
- Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a 3X 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable beam splitting ratio and continuously adjustable, wherein the unstretched parts at one end of three micro-nano optical fibers are fixed by a first fixing piece, and the unstretched parts at the other end penetrate through three rotatable fixing pieces and are respectively fixed by one of the rotatable fixing pieces, and the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are mutually overlapped; when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a mutually parallel state, the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are parallel to the micro-nano optical fibers, and the distances from the fiber cores of the three micro-nano optical fibers to the central axes of the rotatable fixing pieces are different from each other, so that when any one rotatable fixing piece is rotated, only the micro-nano optical fibers fixed by the rotatable fixing piece can be driven to twist; when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a state of being parallel to each other and the coupler is in a working state, the intersection point of the extension lines of the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces and the first fixing piece is unchanged all the time. The method for controlling the beam splitting ratio is various, continuous and adjustable, and flexible and various in application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a single-mode fiber coupler, in particular to a 3X 3 single-mode fiber coupler which can be applied to the fields of optical communication, optical signal processing, sensing systems and the like.
Background
As a key element in an optical network system, a single-mode fiber coupler may be a passive transmission optical element that splits an optical signal from one optical fiber to two (or more) optical fibers or that can combine optical signals on two (or more) optical fibers onto one optical fiber. The 3×3 single-mode fiber coupler is the most basic one in the single-mode fiber couplers, and because the 3×3 single-mode fiber coupler has one more coupling arm than the 2×2 coupler, the 3×3 single-mode fiber coupler is more excellent in use function and signal processing, and can be applied to couplers with adjustable light splitting ratio, optical switches, optical buffers, optical resonant cavities and the like. The performance of the 3×3 single-mode fiber coupler directly affects the performance and application range of the optical fiber transmission system, and especially the 3×3 single-mode fiber coupler with continuously adjustable beam splitting ratio has special application in sensing detection and optical communication control systems.
In the prior art, the conventional process of the 3 x 3 single-mode fiber coupler is to stack a plurality of optical fibers together and then realize optical coupling through high-temperature fusion tapering, but the beam splitting ratio is fixed and unchanged, the problem that the beam splitting ratio is not adjustable exists, various controllable beam splitting ratios cannot be provided on one coupler, the application occasions requiring changing the beam splitting ratio cannot be met, and the function is single. In order to prepare a 3×3 single-mode fiber coupler with continuously adjustable beam splitting ratio, in the application field of the optical fiber interferometer, a researcher adopts a scheme that other optical elements such as a 2×2 single-mode fiber coupler, an optical fiber bragg grating, an optical fiber circulator and the like are combined, and the method is realized by various indirect methods of adjusting the length of a feedback optical fiber, changing the reflectivity of the bragg grating and the like. However, the application fields applicable to the scheme are very limited, and the preparation method is high in cost and complex in steps. In addition, the above scheme cannot realize various control modes of beam splitting ratio in one coupler, and restricts the development of the field of optical devices based on 3×3 single-mode fiber coupler.
Therefore, the research on the 3X 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable and continuously adjustable beam splitting ratio is of great significance for enhancing the performance of the 3X 3 single-mode optical fiber coupler and widening the application field of the 3X 3 single-mode optical fiber coupler.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that: aiming at the defects of the prior art, a 3X 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable and continuously adjustable beam splitting ratio is provided to overcome the defect that the prior art can not realize the controllable and continuously adjustable beam splitting ratio of a plurality of couplers.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: the 3X 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable beam splitting ratio and continuously adjustable comprises three micro-nano optical fibers, wherein the unstretched parts at one ends of the three micro-nano optical fibers are fixed by a first fixing piece, the unstretched parts at the other ends of the three micro-nano optical fibers penetrate through three rotatable fixing pieces and are respectively fixed by one rotatable fixing piece, each rotatable fixing piece can rotate around the central axis of the rotatable fixing piece, and the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are mutually overlapped; when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a state of being parallel to each other, the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are parallel to the micro-nano optical fibers, and the distances from the fiber cores of the three micro-nano optical fibers to the central axes of the rotatable fixing pieces are different from each other, so that when any one rotatable fixing piece is rotated, only the micro-nano optical fibers fixed by the rotatable fixing piece can be driven to twist; when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a state of being parallel to each other and the coupler is in a working state, the intersection point of the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces and the first fixing piece is unchanged all the time.
Further, the invention also comprises a supporting seat, wherein the supporting seat is provided with an arc-shaped groove, three rotatable fixing pieces are respectively arranged on the corresponding arc-shaped grooves, and the central axis of the arc-shaped groove is coincident with the central axis of the rotatable fixing piece, so that when the rotatable fixing piece rotates around the central axis of the rotatable fixing piece in the arc-shaped groove, the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are always coincident with each other, and the intersection point of the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces and the first fixing piece is always unchanged; according to the sequence that the distance between the rotatable fixing piece and the first fixing piece is from near to far, the distances from the fiber cores of the micro-nano optical fibers fixed on the three rotatable fixing pieces to the central axis of the rotatable fixing piece are from large to small in sequence.
Further, the first fixing piece is annular, and a first annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the first fixing piece along the circumferential direction; the three rotatable fixing pieces are all annular, wherein a first annular bulge matched with the first annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the first rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, a second annular groove is arranged on the inner wall of the other end of the first rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, a second annular bulge matched with the second annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the second rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, a third annular groove is arranged on the inner wall of the other end of the second rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, and a third annular bulge matched with the third annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the third rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction; the first annular bulge and the first annular groove are clamped, the first rotatable fixing piece can rotate along the first annular groove, the second annular bulge and the second annular groove are clamped, the second rotatable fixing piece can rotate along the second annular groove, the third annular bulge and the third annular groove are clamped, the third rotatable fixing piece can rotate along the third annular groove, and the distances from the fiber cores of the micro-nano optical fibers fixed on the first rotatable fixing piece, the second rotatable fixing piece and the third rotatable fixing piece to the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are sequentially from large to small.
Further, the first fixing member of the present invention is capable of rotating around its own central axis, and the central axis of the first fixing member coincides with the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members.
The first method for adjusting the splitting ratio of the micro-nano optical fiber by using the coupler comprises the following steps: and under the state that the three micro-nano optical fibers are parallel to each other, simultaneously rotating the three rotatable fixing pieces in the same direction around the central axis of the three rotatable fixing pieces until the middle waist sections of the three micro-nano optical fibers are wound together, and then continuously rotating any one or any two rotatable fixing pieces in the original direction until the required beam splitting ratio of the target micro-nano optical fibers is obtained.
Further, according to the present invention, when the three rotatable fixing members simultaneously rotate in the same direction around the central axis thereof, the first fixing member rotates around the central axis thereof in the opposite direction to the rotatable fixing members, and the central axis of the first fixing member coincides with the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members.
The second method for adjusting the splitting ratio of the micro-nano optical fiber by using the coupler comprises the following steps: and under the state that the three micro-nano optical fibers are parallel to each other, firstly, the three rotatable fixing pieces are simultaneously rotated in the same direction around the central axis of the three rotatable fixing pieces until the middle waist sections of the three micro-nano optical fibers are wound together, then, the three rotatable fixing pieces are continuously rotated for at least half a turn in the original direction, and then, any one or any two rotatable fixing pieces are rotated in the original direction or the opposite direction until the required beam splitting ratio of the target micro-nano optical fibers is obtained.
Further, according to the present invention, when the three rotatable fixing members simultaneously rotate in the same direction around the central axis thereof, the first fixing member rotates around the central axis thereof in the opposite direction to the rotatable fixing members, and the central axis of the first fixing member coincides with the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members.
The third method for adjusting the splitting ratio of the micro-nano optical fiber by using the coupler comprises the following steps: and under the state that the three micro-nano optical fibers are parallel to each other, firstly, rotating any two rotatable fixing pieces in the same direction around the central axis of the fixing pieces until the middle waist sections of the two micro-nano optical fibers fixed by the fixing pieces are wound together, and then continuously rotating any one or any two of the three rotatable fixing pieces around the central axis of the fixing pieces in the original direction until the required beam splitting ratio of the target micro-nano optical fibers is obtained.
Further, according to the present invention, when the three rotatable fixing members simultaneously rotate in the same direction around the central axis thereof, the first fixing member rotates around the central axis thereof in the opposite direction to the rotatable fixing members, and the central axis of the first fixing member coincides with the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) The coupler has simple preparation process, simple preparation material and low preparation cost;
(2) The beam splitting ratio of the coupler can adopt various control and adjustment modes;
(3) The beam splitting ratio of the coupler has the characteristic of continuous adjustability;
(4) The preparation method of the coupler enables control of a plurality of beam splitting ratios to be realized on the same coupler at the same time, and has more flexibility and diversity in application;
(5) The number of micro-nano optical fibers used in the coupler can be expanded into N, so that the coupler becomes N-by-N devices with N input ends and N output ends, and the coupler has stronger expandability.
Drawings
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first embodiment of a coupler according to the present invention in an initial state;
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relative positions of three rotatable fasteners and their fixed micro-nano fibers in a first embodiment of the coupler of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the three rotatable mounts of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the coupler of the present invention in an initial state;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view illustrating an internal structure of the first fixing member in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the three rotatable mounts of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the mounting relationship between the first mount of FIG. 4 and three rotatable mounts;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the position of the micro-nano fiber held by three rotatable holders in a second embodiment of the coupler of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the middle waist sections of three micro-nano fibers just wrapped together after simultaneously rotating three rotatable fasteners in the same direction using the second embodiment of the coupler of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view showing the middle waist sections of three micro-nano optical fibers being twisted together after continuing to rotate the three rotatable fixing members of FIG. 9 simultaneously in the original direction;
in the figure: 1-first micro-nano optical fiber, 2-second micro-nano optical fiber, 3-third micro-nano optical fiber, core of A-first micro-nano optical fiber, core of B-second micro-nano optical fiber, core of C-third micro-nano optical fiber, Q-central axis, 1M-middle waist section of first micro-nano optical fiber, 2M-middle waist section of second micro-nano optical fiber, 3M-middle waist section of third micro-nano optical fiber, 4-first fixing piece, 41-annular groove 31-first rotatable fixing piece, 32-second rotatable fixing piece, 33-third rotatable fixing piece, 71-annular protrusion, 72-annular groove, 5-supporting seat, 6-arc groove, 311-inner wall of first rotatable fixing piece, 321-inner wall of second rotatable fixing piece, 331-inner wall of third rotatable fixing piece.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, 4, 9 and 10, the 3×3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable and continuously adjustable beam splitting ratio of the present invention comprises three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3, wherein an unstretched part of one end of each of the three micro-nano optical fibers is fixed by a first fixing member 4, and an unstretched part of the other end of each of the three micro-nano optical fibers passes through and is fixed by three rotatable fixing members 31, 32 and 33, each of which is rotatable around a central axis of the rotatable fixing member, and the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32 and 33 coincide with each other; when the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3 are in a state of being parallel to each other, the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces 31, 32 and 33 are parallel to the micro-nano optical fibers, and the distances from the fiber cores of the three micro-nano optical fibers to the central axes of the rotatable fixing pieces are different from each other, so that when any one rotatable fixing piece is rotated, only the micro-nano optical fibers fixed by the rotatable fixing piece can be driven to twist; when the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3 are in a mutually parallel state and when the coupler is in an operating state, the intersection point of the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces 31, 32 and 33 and the first fixing piece is always unchanged.
In the invention, three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3 can be prepared by adopting common commercial 1550nm single-mode optical fibers to be simultaneously fused and tapered under the same preparation parameter setting. The glass slide may be used as the first fixing member 4, the unstretched portions of one ends of the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2, 3 may be fixed to the first fixing member 4 by using a foam fixing adhesive, and the unstretched portions of the other ends of the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2, 3 may be fixed to the rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 by using 3 commercially available high-precision optical fiber rotators as the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33, respectively.
Fig. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the present invention further includes a support base 5, an arc groove 6 is provided on the support base 5, three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 are respectively disposed on the corresponding arc grooves 6, and the central axis of the arc groove 6 coincides with the central axis of the rotatable fixing member, so that when the rotatable fixing member rotates around its central axis in the arc groove 6, the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 always coincide with each other, and the intersection point of the extension lines of the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 and the first fixing member 4 is always unchanged. As shown in fig. 1, the rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 are located at a distance from the first fixing member 4 in order from near to far, and the unstretched portions of one ends of the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2, 3 are fixed to the first fixing member 4. As shown in fig. 2 and 3, the rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 are preferably circular, the other end unstretched portion of the micro-nano optical fiber 1 is fixed at a position of an inner wall 311 of the rotatable fixing member 31 by a fixing glue, the other end unstretched portion of the micro-nano optical fiber 2 is fixed at a position of an inner wall 321 of the rotatable fixing member 32 by a fixing glue, the other end unstretched portion of the micro-nano optical fiber 3 is fixed at a position of an inner wall 331 of the rotatable fixing member 33 by a fixing glue, and distances AQ, BQ, CQ from the cores of the micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2, 3 to the central axis of the rotatable fixing member are sequentially from large to small, so that when any one of the rotatable fixing members is rotated, only the micro-nano optical fiber fixed by the rotatable fixing member can be driven to twist.
Further, the first fixing member 4 may be fixed or rotatable about its own central axis. As shown in fig. 1, the outer contour of the first fixing member 4 is circular, a supporting seat 5 with an arc-shaped groove 6 is arranged below the first fixing member, the central axis of the arc-shaped groove 6 coincides with the central axes of the rotatable fixing members 31, 32 and 33, the first fixing member 4 is arranged in the arc-shaped groove 6, the first fixing member 4 can rotate around the central axis of the first fixing member 4, and the central axes of the first fixing member and the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32 and 33 always coincide with each other. The intersection point of the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 and the first fixing member 4 is always unchanged, both when the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2, 3 are in a mutually parallel state and when the coupler is in an operating state, when the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 and the first fixing member 4 are rotated around the central axes thereof.
Fig. 4 to 10 show a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the first fixing member 4 has a circular ring shape, and the inner wall thereof is provided with a first annular groove 41 in the circumferential direction; the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32 and 33 are all annular, wherein a first annular protrusion 71 matched with the first annular groove 41 is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the first rotatable fixing member 31 along the circumferential direction, a second annular groove 72 is arranged on the inner wall of the other end of the first rotatable fixing member 32 along the circumferential direction, a second annular protrusion 71 matched with the second annular groove 72 is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the second rotatable fixing member 32 along the circumferential direction, a third annular groove 72 is arranged on the inner wall of the other end of the second rotatable fixing member along the circumferential direction, and a third annular protrusion 71 matched with the third annular groove 72 is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the third rotatable fixing member 33 along the circumferential direction. As shown in fig. 4, 7, 9 and 10, the distances between the first rotatable fixing member 31, the second rotatable fixing member 32, and the third rotatable fixing member 33 and the first fixing member 4 are sequentially from near to far. Wherein the first annular protrusion 71 engages with the first annular groove 41 and enables the first rotatable fixing member 31 to rotate along the first annular groove 41. The second annular projection 71 engages the second annular recess 72 and enables the second rotatable mount 32 to rotate along the second annular recess 72. The third annular projection 71 engages with the third annular groove 72 and enables the third rotatable mount 33 to rotate along the third annular groove 72. The unstretched parts of one ends of the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3 are fixed on a first fixing piece 4. As shown in fig. 8, the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 are preferably circular, the other end unstretched portion of the micro-nano optical fiber 1 is fixed at a position of an inner wall 311 of the first rotatable fixing member 31 by a fixing glue, the other end unstretched portion of the micro-nano optical fiber 2 is fixed at a position of an inner wall 321 of the second rotatable fixing member 32 by a fixing glue, the other end unstretched portion of the micro-nano optical fiber 3 is fixed at a position of an inner wall 331 of the third rotatable fixing member 33 by a fixing glue, and distances AQ, BQ, CQ from the cores of the micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2, 3 to the central axis of the rotatable fixing member are sequentially made to be large to small, so that when any one rotatable fixing member is rotated, only the micro-nano optical fiber fixed by the rotatable fixing member can be driven to twist.
Also, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the first fixing member 4 may be stationary or rotatable about its own central axis. When the first fixing member 4 rotates about its own central axis, its central axis and the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 always coincide with each other. The intersection point of the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 and the first fixing member 4 is always unchanged, both when the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2, 3 are in a mutually parallel state and when the coupler is in an operating state, when the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 and the first fixing member 4 are rotated around the central axes thereof.
The three micro-nano optical fibers can be prepared by adopting common commercial 1550nm single-mode optical fibers and simultaneously melting and tapering the same preparation parameters.
When the coupler is used, the micro-nano optical fiber 1 can be selected as a straight-through micro-nano optical fiber, and the micro-nano optical fiber 2 and the micro-nano optical fiber 3 can be used as coupling optical fibers. As shown in fig. 1, fig. 4, fig. 9 and fig. 10, a light source with a certain power Pin is input to the left port of the micro-nano optical fiber 1, and the output power Pout1 of the right port of the micro-nano optical fiber 1, the output power Pout2 of the right port of the micro-nano optical fiber 2 and the output power Pout3 of the right port of the micro-nano optical fiber 3 can be respectively monitored and obtained through the power detectors D1, D2 and D3. As shown in fig. 1 and 4, when the coupler of the present invention is in the initial state, the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2, 3 are parallel to each other, and the middle waist sections 1M, 2M, 3M are also parallel to each other. Since the middle waist sections 1M, 2M, 3M of the three micro-nano optical fibers are spatially parallel to each other and do not contact with each other, there is no winding relationship, and at this time, the right port of the micro-nano optical fiber 2 and the right port of the micro-nano optical fiber 3 have no output power value. The winding length of the middle waist section of the corresponding micro-nano optical fiber is then adjusted by rotating the corresponding rotatable fixing member, thereby changing the splitting ratio of the micro-nano optical fiber. While rotating the rotatable fixing piece, the beam splitting ratio can be observed in real time through the power detectors D1, D2 and D3 respectivelyAnd->And continuously changing until the required beam splitting ratio of the target micro-nano optical fiber is obtained, and stopping rotating the rotatable fixing piece. When the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 simultaneously rotate in the same direction around their central axes, the first fixing member 4 can also rotate around its central axis in the opposite direction to the rotatable fixing members, and the central axis of the first fixing member 4 is aligned with the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32,33 are coincident.
The method of adjusting the splitting ratio of micro-nano optical fibers using the coupler of the present invention is further described below.
The first method is as follows: in the state that the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3 are parallel to each other, the three rotatable fixing pieces 31, 32 and 33 are simultaneously rotated around the central axis of the three micro-nano optical fibers in the same direction until the middle waist sections 1M, 2M and 3M of the three micro-nano optical fibers are wound together (see fig. 9), and then any one or any two rotatable fixing pieces are continuously rotated in the original direction, so that the beam splitting ratio of the micro-nano optical fibers is changed by adjusting the winding length of the middle waist sections of the three micro-nano optical fibers. Real-time observation of beam splitting ratio through power detectors D1, D2 and D3And->And continuously changing until the required beam splitting ratio of the target micro-nano optical fiber is obtained, and stopping rotating the rotatable fixing piece.
The second method is as follows: in a state that the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2, 3 are parallel to each other, the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 are simultaneously rotated in the same direction around the central axis thereof to the middle waist sections 1M, 2M, 3M of the three micro-nano optical fibers (see fig. 9), then the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 are continuously rotated in the original direction for at least half a turn (see fig. 10), and then either one or any two rotatable fixing members are rotated in the original direction or the opposite direction. Real-time observation of beam splitting ratio through power detectors D1, D2 and D3And->And continuously changing until the required beam splitting ratio of the target micro-nano optical fiber is obtained, and stopping rotating the rotatable fixing piece.
The third method is as follows: the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3 are parallel to each otherIn the state of (a), any two rotatable fixing pieces are simultaneously rotated around the central axis of the rotatable fixing pieces in the same direction until the middle waist sections of the two micro-nano optical fibers fixed by the rotatable fixing pieces are wound together (not shown in the figure), and then any one or any two of the three rotatable fixing pieces are continuously rotated around the central axis of the rotatable fixing pieces in the original direction. Real-time observation of beam splitting ratio through power detectors D1, D2 and D3And->And continuously changing until the required beam splitting ratio of the target micro-nano optical fiber is obtained, and stopping rotating the rotatable fixing piece.
According to the actual working requirement, the coupler can be used for adjusting the beam splitting ratio according to the three methods to obtain the following three results: the beam splitting ratios of the three micro-nano optical fibers are different from each other; wherein the beam splitting ratio of the two micro-nano optical fibers is the same, and the beam splitting ratio of the other micro-nano optical fiber is different; the splitting ratio of the three micro-nano optical fibers is the same.
In conclusion, the coupler realizes that a plurality of beam splitting ratios in the same coupler are controllable and continuously adjustable. The control precision of the beam splitting ratio is determined by the rotation precision of the rotatable fixing piece, and the proportion among the three beam splitting ratios is determined by the rotation number.
Claims (10)
1. A3X 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable beam splitting ratio and continuous adjustable is characterized in that: the optical fiber comprises three micro-nano optical fibers, wherein the unstretched parts of one ends of the three micro-nano optical fibers are fixed by a first fixing piece, the unstretched parts of the other ends of the three micro-nano optical fibers penetrate through three rotatable fixing pieces and are respectively fixed on the inner wall of one rotatable fixing piece, each rotatable fixing piece can rotate around the central axis of the rotatable fixing piece, and the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are mutually overlapped; when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a state of being parallel to each other, the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are parallel to the micro-nano optical fibers, and the distances from the fiber cores of the three micro-nano optical fibers to the central axes of the rotatable fixing pieces are different from each other, so that when any one rotatable fixing piece is rotated, only the micro-nano optical fibers fixed by the rotatable fixing piece can be driven to twist; when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a state of being parallel to each other and the coupler is in a working state, the intersection point of the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces and the first fixing piece is unchanged all the time.
2. The coupler according to claim 1, wherein: the device comprises a first fixing piece, a second fixing piece, a third fixing piece, a fourth fixing piece, a fifth fixing piece, a sixth fixing piece and a fourth fixing piece, wherein the first fixing piece is arranged on the first fixing piece, the second fixing piece is arranged on the second fixing piece, the third fixing piece is arranged on the third fixing piece, the fourth fixing piece is arranged on the fourth fixing piece, the fifth fixing piece is arranged on the fifth fixing piece, and the fourth fixing piece is arranged on the fifth fixing piece; according to the sequence that the distance between the rotatable fixing piece and the first fixing piece is from near to far, the distances from the fiber cores of the micro-nano optical fibers fixed on the three rotatable fixing pieces to the central axis of the rotatable fixing piece are from large to small in sequence.
3. The coupler according to claim 1, wherein: the first fixing piece is annular, and a first annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the first fixing piece along the circumferential direction; the three rotatable fixing pieces are all annular, wherein a first annular bulge matched with the first annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the first rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, a second annular groove is arranged on the inner wall of the other end of the first rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, a second annular bulge matched with the second annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the second rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, a third annular groove is arranged on the inner wall of the other end of the second rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, and a third annular bulge matched with the third annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the third rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction; the first annular bulge and the first annular groove are clamped, the first rotatable fixing piece can rotate along the first annular groove, the second annular bulge and the second annular groove are clamped, the second rotatable fixing piece can rotate along the second annular groove, the third annular bulge and the third annular groove are clamped, the third rotatable fixing piece can rotate along the third annular groove, and the distances from the fiber cores of the micro-nano optical fibers fixed on the first rotatable fixing piece, the second rotatable fixing piece and the third rotatable fixing piece to the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are sequentially from large to small.
4. A coupler according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the first fixing piece can rotate around the central axis of the first fixing piece, and the central axis of the first fixing piece coincides with the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces.
5. A method of adjusting the splitting ratio of a micro-nano optical fiber using the coupler of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: and under the state that the three micro-nano optical fibers are parallel to each other, simultaneously rotating the three rotatable fixing pieces in the same direction around the central axis of the three rotatable fixing pieces until the middle waist sections of the three micro-nano optical fibers are wound together, and then continuously rotating any one or any two rotatable fixing pieces in the original direction until the required beam splitting ratio of the target micro-nano optical fibers is obtained.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein: when the three rotatable fixing members simultaneously rotate in the same direction about their central axes, the first fixing member rotates about its central axis in the opposite direction to the rotatable fixing members, and the central axes of the first fixing member coincide with the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members.
7. A method of adjusting the splitting ratio of a micro-nano optical fiber using the coupler of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: and under the state that the three micro-nano optical fibers are parallel to each other, firstly, the three rotatable fixing pieces are simultaneously rotated in the same direction around the central axis of the three rotatable fixing pieces until the middle waist sections of the three micro-nano optical fibers are wound together, then, the three rotatable fixing pieces are continuously rotated for at least half a turn in the original direction, and then, any one or any two rotatable fixing pieces are rotated in the original direction or the opposite direction until the required beam splitting ratio of the target micro-nano optical fibers is obtained.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein: when the three rotatable fixing members simultaneously rotate in the same direction about their central axes, the first fixing member rotates about its central axis in the opposite direction to the rotatable fixing members, and the central axes of the first fixing member coincide with the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members.
9. A method of adjusting the splitting ratio of a micro-nano optical fiber using the coupler of any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by: and under the state that the three micro-nano optical fibers are parallel to each other, firstly, rotating any two rotatable fixing pieces in the same direction around the central axis of the fixing pieces until the middle waist sections of the two micro-nano optical fibers fixed by the fixing pieces are wound together, and then continuously rotating any one or any two of the three rotatable fixing pieces around the central axis of the fixing pieces in the original direction until the required beam splitting ratio of the target micro-nano optical fibers is obtained.
10. The method according to claim 9, wherein: when the three rotatable fixing members simultaneously rotate in the same direction about their central axes, the first fixing member rotates about its central axis in the opposite direction to the rotatable fixing members, and the central axes of the first fixing member coincide with the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109655973A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-19 | 浙江大学 | A kind of 2 × 2 single mode optical fiber directional couplers that splitting ratio is continuously adjustable |
| CN212321899U (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2021-01-08 | 浙江大学 | 3X 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable splitting ratio and continuously adjustable |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US7526165B2 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2009-04-28 | Crystal Fibre A/S | Optical coupler devices, methods of their production and use |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109655973A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-19 | 浙江大学 | A kind of 2 × 2 single mode optical fiber directional couplers that splitting ratio is continuously adjustable |
| CN212321899U (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2021-01-08 | 浙江大学 | 3X 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable splitting ratio and continuously adjustable |
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| Title |
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| 微纳光纤的制备及其光学特性研究;张庭 等;压电与声光;第40卷(第5期);全文 * |
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