CN111650693A - 3X 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable splitting ratio and continuously adjustable - Google Patents
3X 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable splitting ratio and continuously adjustable Download PDFInfo
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- CN111650693A CN111650693A CN202010643712.0A CN202010643712A CN111650693A CN 111650693 A CN111650693 A CN 111650693A CN 202010643712 A CN202010643712 A CN 202010643712A CN 111650693 A CN111650693 A CN 111650693A
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- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 140
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000012681 fiber drawing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 14
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/28—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals
- G02B6/2804—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers
- G02B2006/2865—Optical coupling means having data bus means, i.e. plural waveguides interconnected and providing an inherently bidirectional system by mixing and splitting signals forming multipart couplers without wavelength selective elements, e.g. "T" couplers, star couplers couplers of the 3x3 type
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Abstract
The invention discloses a 3 x 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with a controllable splitting ratio and continuously adjustable, wherein the unstretched parts at one ends of three micro-nano optical fibers are fixed by a first fixing piece, the unstretched parts at the other ends of the three micro-nano optical fibers penetrate through three rotatable fixing pieces and are fixed by one rotatable fixing piece respectively, and the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are overlapped with each other; when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a parallel state, the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are parallel to the micro-nano optical fibers, and the distances from the fiber cores of the three micro-nano optical fibers to the central axes of the rotatable fixing pieces are different, so that when any rotatable fixing piece is rotated, the micro-nano optical fibers fixed by the rotatable fixing piece can be only driven to twist; when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a mutually parallel state and the coupler is in a working state, the intersection points of the extension lines of the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces and the first fixing piece are always unchanged. The method for controlling the beam splitting ratio is various, continuously adjustable and flexible in application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a single-mode fiber coupler, in particular to a 3 x 3 single-mode fiber coupler which can be applied to the fields of optical communication, optical signal processing, sensing systems and the like.
Background
As a key element in an optical network system, a single-mode fiber coupler may split an optical signal from one optical fiber to two (or more) optical fibers or a passive transmission optical element capable of merging optical signals from two (or more) optical fibers to one optical fiber. The 3 × 3 single-mode fiber coupler is the most basic one of the single-mode fiber couplers, and the 3 × 3 single-mode fiber coupler has one more coupling arm than the 2 × 2 coupler, so that the optical fiber coupler is superior in use function and signal processing, and can be applied to a coupler with an adjustable splitting ratio, an optical switch, an optical buffer, an optical resonant cavity and the like. The performance of the 3 × 3 single-mode fiber coupler directly affects the performance and application range of the optical fiber transmission system, and particularly, the 3 × 3 single-mode fiber coupler with continuously adjustable splitting ratio has special application in sensing detection and optical communication control systems.
In the prior art, a conventional process of a 3 × 3 single-mode fiber coupler is to stack a plurality of fibers together and perform optical coupling through high-temperature fused tapering, but the splitting ratio is fixed and not changed, so that the problem that the splitting ratio is not adjustable exists, a plurality of controllable splitting ratios cannot be provided on one coupler, the application occasion of changing the splitting ratio cannot be met, and the function is very single. In order to prepare a 3 × 3 single-mode fiber coupler with continuously adjustable splitting ratio, currently, in the application field of fiber optic interferometers, researchers adopt a scheme that is realized by combining other optical elements, such as a 2 × 2 single-mode fiber coupler, a fiber bragg grating, a fiber circulator and the like, and by adjusting the length of a feedback fiber and changing the reflectivity of the bragg grating and other indirect methods. However, the application fields of the above schemes are very limited, and the preparation method has high cost and complicated steps. In addition, the above solutions also cannot realize multiple control modes of the splitting ratio in one coupler, and thus have restricted the development of the field of optical devices based on 3 × 3 single-mode fiber couplers.
Therefore, the research on the 3 × 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable beam splitting ratio and continuously adjustable beam splitting ratio has important significance for enhancing the performance of the 3 × 3 single-mode optical fiber coupler and widening the application field of the coupler.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the defects of the prior art, a 3X 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable and continuously adjustable splitting ratio is provided, so that the defect that a plurality of splitting ratios can not be controlled and continuously adjustable in the same coupler in the prior art is overcome.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the 3 x 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with the controllable splitting ratio and the continuously adjustable splitting ratio comprises three micro-nano optical fibers, wherein the unstretched parts at one ends of the three micro-nano optical fibers are fixed by a first fixing piece, the unstretched parts at the other ends of the three micro-nano optical fibers penetrate through three rotatable fixing pieces and are fixed by one rotatable fixing piece, each rotatable fixing piece can rotate around the central axis of the rotatable fixing piece, and the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are overlapped with each other; when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a parallel state, the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are parallel to the micro-nano optical fibers, and the distances from the fiber cores of the three micro-nano optical fibers to the central axes of the rotatable fixing pieces are different, so that when any rotatable fixing piece is rotated, the micro-nano optical fibers fixed by the rotatable fixing piece can be only driven to be twisted; when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a parallel state and the coupler is in a working state, the intersection point of the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces and the first fixing piece is always unchanged.
Furthermore, the invention also comprises a supporting seat, wherein the supporting seat is provided with an arc-shaped groove, the three rotatable fixing pieces are respectively arranged on the corresponding arc-shaped grooves, and the central axes of the arc-shaped grooves are superposed with the central axes of the rotatable fixing pieces, so that when the rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axes of the rotatable fixing pieces in the arc-shaped grooves, the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are always superposed with each other, and the intersection points of the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces and the first fixing piece are always unchanged; according to the sequence of the distances between the rotatable fixing piece and the first fixing piece from near to far, the distances from the fiber cores of the micro-nano optical fibers fixed on the three rotatable fixing pieces to the central axis of the rotatable fixing piece are sequentially from large to small.
Furthermore, the first fixing piece is annular, and a first annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the first fixing piece along the circumferential direction; the three rotatable fixing pieces are all in a ring shape, wherein a first annular bulge matched with the first annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the first rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, a second annular groove is arranged on the inner wall of the other end of the first rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, a second annular bulge matched with the second annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the second rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, a third annular groove is arranged on the inner wall of the other end of the second rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, and a third annular bulge matched with the third annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the third rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction; the first annular bulge and the first annular groove are clamped and can enable the first rotatable fixing piece to rotate along the first annular groove, the second annular bulge and the second annular groove are clamped and can enable the second rotatable fixing piece to rotate along the second annular groove, the third annular bulge and the third annular groove are clamped and can enable the third rotatable fixing piece to rotate along the third annular groove, and the distances from the fiber cores of the micro-nano optical fibers fixed on the first rotatable fixing piece, the second rotatable fixing piece and the third rotatable fixing piece to the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are sequentially reduced from large to small.
Further, the first fixing piece can rotate around the central axis of the first fixing piece, and the central axis of the first fixing piece is coincident with the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces.
The first method for adjusting the beam splitting ratio of the micro-nano optical fiber by using the coupler provided by the invention comprises the following steps: when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a parallel state, the three rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axis of the three micro-nano optical fibers in the same direction to the middle waist sections of the three micro-nano optical fibers to be wound together, and then any one or any two rotatable fixing pieces rotate in the original direction until the required beam splitting ratio of the target micro-nano optical fiber is obtained.
Further, when the three rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces in the same direction, the first fixing piece rotates around the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces in the opposite direction, and the central axes of the first fixing piece and the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are coincident.
The second method for adjusting the beam splitting ratio of the micro-nano optical fiber by using the coupler provided by the invention comprises the following steps: when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a parallel state, the three rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axis of the three micro-nano optical fibers in the same direction to the middle waist sections of the three micro-nano optical fibers to be wound together, then the three rotatable fixing pieces continue to rotate at least half a turn in the original direction, and then any one or any two rotatable fixing pieces rotate in the original direction or the opposite direction until the beam splitting ratio required by the target micro-nano optical fiber is obtained.
Further, when the three rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces in the same direction, the first fixing piece rotates around the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces in the opposite direction, and the central axes of the first fixing piece and the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are coincident.
The third method for adjusting the beam splitting ratio of the micro-nano optical fiber by using the coupler provided by the invention comprises the following steps: when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a parallel state, any two rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axis of the three micro-nano optical fibers in the same direction to the middle waist sections of the two micro-nano optical fibers fixed by the two micro-nano optical fibers to be wound together, and then any one or any two of the three rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axis of the three micro-nano optical fibers continuously according to the original direction until the beam splitting ratio required by the target micro-nano optical fiber is obtained.
Further, when the three rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces in the same direction, the first fixing piece rotates around the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces in the opposite direction, and the central axes of the first fixing piece and the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are coincident.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) the coupler is simple in preparation process, simple in preparation material and low in preparation cost;
(2) the beam splitting ratio of the coupler can adopt various control and adjustment modes;
(3) the beam splitting ratio of the coupler has the characteristic of continuous adjustability;
(4) the preparation method of the coupler can simultaneously realize the control of a plurality of beam splitting ratios on the same coupler, and has more flexibility and diversity in application;
(5) the number of the micro-nano optical fibers used in the coupler can be expanded into N, so that the coupler becomes an N-x-N device with N input ends and N output ends, and the high expandability is achieved.
Drawings
The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a first embodiment of a coupler of the present invention in an initial state;
fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating a relationship between three rotatable fixing members and micro-nano optical fibers fixed by the three rotatable fixing members according to a first embodiment of the coupler of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the three rotatable mounts of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second embodiment of the coupler of the present invention in an initial state;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the first fastening member shown in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the three rotatable mounts of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the first fixing member and three rotatable fixing members of FIG. 4;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating the positions of micro-nano optical fibers fixed by three rotatable fixing members in a second embodiment of the coupler according to the present invention;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a state in which middle waist sections of three micro-nano optical fibers are just wound together after three rotatable fixing members are simultaneously rotated in the same direction by using the second embodiment of the coupler according to the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which the middle waist sections of the three micro-nano optical fibers are wound together after the three rotatable fixing members in fig. 9 are continuously rotated in the original direction;
in the figure: 1-a first micro-nano optical fiber, 2-a second micro-nano optical fiber, 3-a third micro-nano optical fiber, A-a fiber core of the first micro-nano optical fiber, B-a fiber core of the second micro-nano optical fiber, C-a fiber core of the third micro-nano optical fiber, Q-a central axis, 1M-a middle waist section of the first micro-nano optical fiber, 2M-a middle waist section of the second micro-nano optical fiber, 3M-a middle waist section of the third micro-nano optical fiber, 4-a first fixing member, 41-an annular groove 31-a first rotatable fixing member, 32-a second rotatable fixing member, 33-a third rotatable fixing member, 71-an annular protrusion, 72-an annular groove, 5-a supporting seat, 6-an arc groove, 311-an inner wall of the first rotatable fixing member, 321-an inner wall of the second rotatable, 331-inner wall of the third rotatable fixture.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, 4, 9 and 10, the 3 × 3 single-mode micro-nano fiber coupler with controllable splitting ratio and continuously adjustable of the invention comprises three micro-nano fibers 1, 2 and 3, wherein an unstretched part at one end of each of the three micro-nano fibers is fixed by a first fixing member 4, an unstretched part at the other end of each of the three micro-nano fibers passes through three rotatable fixing members 31, 32 and 33 and is fixed by one of the rotatable fixing members, each rotatable fixing member can rotate around a central axis of the rotatable fixing member, and the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32 and 33 are overlapped with each other; when the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3 are in a parallel state, the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces 31, 32 and 33 are parallel to the micro-nano optical fibers, and the distances from the fiber cores of the three micro-nano optical fibers to the central axes of the rotatable fixing pieces are different, so that when any rotatable fixing piece is rotated, the micro-nano optical fibers fixed by the rotatable fixing piece can be only driven to be twisted; when the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3 are in a parallel state and when the coupler of the invention is in a working state, the intersection points of the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces 31, 32 and 33 and the first fixing piece are always unchanged.
In the invention, the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3 can be prepared by simultaneously melting and tapering common commercial 1550nm single-mode optical fibers under the same preparation parameter setting. The glass slide can be used as a first fixing piece 4, the unstretched parts at one ends of the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3 are fixed on the first fixing piece 4 by using foam fixing glue, 3 commercial high-precision optical fiber rotators can be used as three rotatable fixing pieces 31, 32 and 33, and the unstretched parts at the other ends of the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3 can be respectively fixed on the rotatable fixing pieces 31, 32 and 33 by using fixing glue.
Fig. 1 to 3 show a first embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the present invention further includes a supporting seat 5, an arc-shaped groove 6 is provided on the supporting seat 5, three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, and 33 are respectively disposed on the corresponding arc-shaped grooves 6, and a central axis of the arc-shaped groove 6 coincides with a central axis of the rotatable fixing member, so that when the rotatable fixing member rotates around its own central axis in the arc-shaped groove 6, the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, and 33 always coincide with each other, and an intersection point of an extension line of the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, and 33 and the first fixing member 4 is always unchanged. As shown in fig. 1, distances between the rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 and the first fixing member 4 are sequentially from near to far, and an unstretched portion of one end of each of the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2, 3 is fixed on the first fixing member 4. As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the rotatable fixing members 31, 32, and 33 are preferably in a ring shape, an unstretched portion of the other end of the micro-nano optical fiber 1 is fixed at a position a of the inner wall 311 of the rotatable fixing member 31 by fixing glue, an unstretched portion of the other end of the micro-nano optical fiber 2 is fixed at a position B of the inner wall 321 of the rotatable fixing member 32 by fixing glue, an unstretched portion of the other end of the micro-nano optical fiber 3 is fixed at a position C of the inner wall 331 of the rotatable fixing member 33 by fixing glue, and distances AQ, BQ, and CQ from the fiber cores of the micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2, and 3 to the central axis of the rotatable fixing member are sequentially decreased from large to small, so that when any.
In addition, the first fixing member 4 may be stationary or may rotate around its central axis. As shown in fig. 1, the outer contour of the first fixing member 4 is circular, a supporting seat 5 with an arc-shaped groove 6 is arranged below the first fixing member 4, the central axis of the arc-shaped groove 6 coincides with the central axes of the rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33, the first fixing member 4 is arranged in the arc-shaped groove 6, the first fixing member 4 can rotate around the central axis of the first fixing member 4, and the central axis of the first fixing member 4 and the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 always coincide with each other. When the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3 are in a parallel state or the coupler is in a working state, and the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32 and 33 are rotated and the first fixing member 4 rotates around the central axis of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32 and 33, the intersection point of the central axis of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32 and 33 and the first fixing member 4 is always unchanged.
Fig. 4 to 10 show a second embodiment of the present invention, in which the first fixing member 4 has a circular ring shape, and the inner wall thereof is provided with a first annular groove 41 in the circumferential direction; the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 are all circular, wherein the outer wall of one end of the first rotatable fixing member 31 is provided with a first annular protrusion 71 matched with the first annular groove 41 along the circumferential direction, the inner wall of the other end is provided with a second annular groove 72 along the circumferential direction, the outer wall of one end of the second rotatable fixing member 32 is provided with a second annular protrusion 71 matched with the second annular groove 72 along the circumferential direction, the inner wall of the other end is provided with a third annular groove 72 along the circumferential direction, and the outer wall of one end of the third rotatable fixing member 33 is provided with a third annular protrusion 71 matched with the third annular groove 72 along the circumferential direction. As shown in fig. 4, 7, 9 and 10, the first rotatable fixing member 31, the second rotatable fixing member 32 and the third rotatable fixing member 33 are sequentially distant from the first fixing member 4 from the near side to the far side. The first annular protrusion 71 is engaged with the first annular groove 41 and can enable the first rotatable fixing member 31 to rotate along the first annular groove 41. The second annular protrusion 71 engages with the second annular groove 72 and enables the second rotatable fixing member 32 to rotate along the second annular groove 72. The third annular protrusion 71 engages with the third annular groove 72 and enables the third rotatable fixing member 33 to rotate along the third annular groove 72. One end of each micro-nano optical fiber 1, 2 and 3 is not stretched and is fixed on the first fixing piece 4. As shown in fig. 8, the three rotatable fixtures 31, 32, and 33 are preferably circular, the unstretched portion of the other end of the micro-nano fiber 1 is fixed to a position a of the inner wall 311 of the first rotatable fixture 31 by a fixing adhesive, the unstretched portion of the other end of the micro-nano fiber 2 is fixed to a position B of the inner wall 321 of the second rotatable fixture 32 by a fixing adhesive, the unstretched portion of the other end of the micro-nano fiber 3 is fixed to a position C of the inner wall 331 of the third rotatable fixture 33 by a fixing adhesive, and distances AQ, BQ, and CQ from the fiber cores of the micro-nano fibers 1, 2, and 3 to the central axis of the rotatable fixture are sequentially reduced from large to small, so that when any one rotatable fixture is rotated, only the micro-nano fiber fixed.
Similarly, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the first fixing member 4 may be fixed or may rotate around its central axis. When the first fixing member 4 is rotated about its central axis, its central axis and the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 are always coincident with each other. When the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3 are in a parallel state or the coupler is in a working state, and the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32 and 33 are rotated and the first fixing member 4 rotates around the central axis of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32 and 33, the intersection point of the central axis of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32 and 33 and the first fixing member 4 is always unchanged.
The three micro-nano optical fibers can be prepared by simultaneously melting and tapering common commercial 1550nm single-mode optical fibers according to the same preparation parameters.
When the coupler is used, the micro-nano optical fiber 1 can be selected as a straight-through micro-nano optical fiber, and the micro-nano optical fiber 2 and the micro-nano optical fiber 3 can be selected as coupling optical fibers. As shown in fig. 1, 4, 9 and 10, a light source with a certain power Pin is input to the left port of the micro-nano fiber 1, and the output power Pout1 of the right port of the micro-nano fiber 1, the output power Pout2 of the right port of the micro-nano fiber 2 and the output power Pout3 of the right port of the micro-nano fiber 3 can be respectively monitored and obtained through power detectors D1, D2 and D3. As shown in fig. 1 and 4, when the coupler of the present invention is in an initial state, the three micro-nano fibers 1, 2, 3 are parallel to each other, and the middle waist sections 1M, 2M, 3M are also in a parallel state. The middle waist sections 1M, 2M and 3M of the three micro-nano optical fibers are parallel to each other in space and are not in contact with each other, and the middle waist sections are not in winding relation, so that the right port of the micro-nano optical fiber 2 and the end port of the micro-nano optical fiber 3 are connectedNo output power value is present at the right port. And then the winding length of the middle waist section of the corresponding micro-nano optical fiber is adjusted by rotating the corresponding rotatable fixing piece, so that the beam splitting ratio of the micro-nano optical fiber is changed. While rotating the rotatable fixture, the beam splitting ratio can be observed in real time by the power detectors D1, D2, D3, respectively
And
and continuously changing the conditions until the beam splitting ratio required by the target micro-nano optical fiber is obtained, and stopping rotating the rotatable fixing piece. When the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 rotate simultaneously around their central axes in the same direction, the first fixing member 4 can also rotate around its central axis in the opposite direction to the rotatable fixing members, and at this time, the central axis of the first fixing member 4 coincides with the central axes of the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33.
The method for adjusting the beam splitting ratio of the micro-nano optical fiber by using the coupler of the invention is further described below.
The first method comprises the following steps: under the condition that the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3 are parallel to each other, the three rotatable fixing pieces 31, 32 and 33 are rotated to the middle waist sections 1M, 2M and 3M of the three micro-nano optical fibers in the same direction around the central axis of the three micro-nano optical fibers at the same time (see figure 9), and then any one or any two of the rotatable fixing pieces are continuously rotated in the original direction, so that the beam splitting ratio of the micro-nano optical fibers is changed by adjusting the winding length of the middle waist sections of the three micro-nano optical fibers. Real-time observation of beam splitting ratio by power detectors D1, D2 and D3
And
and continuously changing the conditions until the beam splitting ratio required by the target micro-nano optical fiber is obtained, and stopping rotating the rotatable fixing piece.
The second method is as follows: in three micro-nano optical fibers1. 2, 3 are in a state of being parallel to each other, the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 are rotated simultaneously around the central axis thereof in the same direction until the middle waist sections 1M, 2M, 3M of the three micro-nano optical fibers are wound together (see fig. 9), then the three rotatable fixing members 31, 32, 33 are continuously rotated for at least half a turn (see fig. 10) in the original direction, and then any one or any two of the rotatable fixing members are rotated in the original direction or the reverse direction. Real-time observation of beam splitting ratio by power detectors D1, D2 and D3
And
and continuously changing the conditions until the beam splitting ratio required by the target micro-nano optical fiber is obtained, and stopping rotating the rotatable fixing piece.
The third method is as follows: when the three micro-nano optical fibers 1, 2 and 3 are in a parallel state, any two rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axis of the three micro-nano optical fibers in the same direction to the middle waist sections of the two micro-nano optical fibers fixed by the two micro-nano optical fibers to be wound together (not shown in the figure), and then any one or any two of the three rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axis of the three micro-nano optical fibers continuously according to the original direction. Real-time observation of beam splitting ratio by power detectors D1, D2 and D3
And
and continuously changing the conditions until the beam splitting ratio required by the target micro-nano optical fiber is obtained, and stopping rotating the rotatable fixing piece.
According to actual working requirements, the beam splitting ratio can be adjusted by using the coupler according to the three methods to obtain the following three results: the beam splitting ratios of the three micro-nano optical fibers are different from each other; the beam splitting ratios of the two micro-nano optical fibers are the same, and the beam splitting ratios of the other micro-nano optical fiber are different; the beam splitting ratios of the three micro-nano optical fibers are the same.
In conclusion, the coupler realizes that a plurality of beam splitting ratios in the same coupler are controllable and continuously adjustable. The control precision of the beam splitting ratio is determined by the rotation precision of the rotatable fixing piece, and the proportion of the three beam splitting ratios is determined by the rotation number.
Claims (10)
1. A3X 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable splitting ratio and continuously adjustable is characterized in that: the optical fiber drawing device comprises three micro-nano optical fibers, wherein the unstretched parts at one ends of the three micro-nano optical fibers are fixed by a first fixing piece, the unstretched parts at the other ends of the three micro-nano optical fibers penetrate through three rotatable fixing pieces and are fixed by one rotatable fixing piece, each rotatable fixing piece can rotate around the central axis of the rotatable fixing piece, and the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are overlapped with each other; when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a parallel state, the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are parallel to the micro-nano optical fibers, and the distances from the fiber cores of the three micro-nano optical fibers to the central axes of the rotatable fixing pieces are different, so that when any rotatable fixing piece is rotated, the micro-nano optical fibers fixed by the rotatable fixing piece can be only driven to be twisted; when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a parallel state and the coupler is in a working state, the intersection point of the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces and the first fixing piece is always unchanged.
2. The coupler of claim 1, wherein: the support seat is provided with an arc-shaped groove, the three rotatable fixing pieces are respectively arranged on the corresponding arc-shaped grooves, and the central axes of the arc-shaped grooves are superposed with the central axes of the rotatable fixing pieces, so that when the rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axes of the rotatable fixing pieces in the arc-shaped grooves, the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are always superposed with each other, and the intersection points of the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces and the first fixing piece are always unchanged; according to the sequence of the distances between the rotatable fixing piece and the first fixing piece from near to far, the distances from the fiber cores of the micro-nano optical fibers fixed on the three rotatable fixing pieces to the central axis of the rotatable fixing piece are sequentially from large to small.
3. The coupler of claim 1, wherein: the first fixing piece is in a circular ring shape, and a first annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the first fixing piece along the circumferential direction; the three rotatable fixing pieces are all in a ring shape, wherein a first annular bulge matched with the first annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the first rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, a second annular groove is arranged on the inner wall of the other end of the first rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, a second annular bulge matched with the second annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the second rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, a third annular groove is arranged on the inner wall of the other end of the second rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction, and a third annular bulge matched with the third annular groove is arranged on the outer wall of one end of the third rotatable fixing piece along the circumferential direction; the first annular bulge and the first annular groove are clamped and can enable the first rotatable fixing piece to rotate along the first annular groove, the second annular bulge and the second annular groove are clamped and can enable the second rotatable fixing piece to rotate along the second annular groove, the third annular bulge and the third annular groove are clamped and can enable the third rotatable fixing piece to rotate along the third annular groove, and the distances from the fiber cores of the micro-nano optical fibers fixed on the first rotatable fixing piece, the second rotatable fixing piece and the third rotatable fixing piece to the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces are sequentially reduced from large to small.
4. The coupler of any of claims 1 to 3, wherein: the first fixing piece can rotate around the central axis of the first fixing piece, and the central axis of the first fixing piece is coincided with the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces.
5. A method for adjusting the beam splitting ratio of a micro-nano optical fiber by using the coupler of any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a parallel state, the three rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axis of the three micro-nano optical fibers in the same direction to the middle waist sections of the three micro-nano optical fibers to be wound together, and then any one or any two rotatable fixing pieces rotate in the original direction until the required beam splitting ratio of the target micro-nano optical fiber is obtained.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: when the three rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces in the same direction, the first fixing piece rotates around the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces in the opposite direction of the rotatable fixing pieces, and the central axes of the first fixing piece and the three rotatable fixing pieces are overlapped.
7. A method for adjusting the beam splitting ratio of a micro-nano optical fiber by using the coupler of any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a parallel state, the three rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axis of the three micro-nano optical fibers in the same direction to the middle waist sections of the three micro-nano optical fibers to be wound together, then the three rotatable fixing pieces continue to rotate at least half a turn in the original direction, and then any one or any two rotatable fixing pieces rotate in the original direction or the opposite direction until the beam splitting ratio required by the target micro-nano optical fiber is obtained.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein: when the three rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces in the same direction, the first fixing piece rotates around the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces in the opposite direction of the rotatable fixing pieces, and the central axes of the first fixing piece and the three rotatable fixing pieces are overlapped.
9. A method for adjusting the beam splitting ratio of a micro-nano optical fiber by using the coupler of any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: when the three micro-nano optical fibers are in a parallel state, any two rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axis of the three micro-nano optical fibers in the same direction to the middle waist sections of the two micro-nano optical fibers fixed by the two micro-nano optical fibers to be wound together, and then any one or any two of the three rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axis of the three micro-nano optical fibers continuously according to the original direction until the beam splitting ratio required by the target micro-nano optical fiber is obtained.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein: when the three rotatable fixing pieces rotate around the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces in the same direction, the first fixing piece rotates around the central axes of the three rotatable fixing pieces in the opposite direction of the rotatable fixing pieces, and the central axes of the first fixing piece and the three rotatable fixing pieces are overlapped.
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Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070237453A1 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2007-10-11 | Crystal Fibre A/S | Optical Coupler Devices, Methods of Their Production and Use |
| CN109655973A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-19 | 浙江大学 | A kind of 2 × 2 single mode optical fiber directional couplers that splitting ratio is continuously adjustable |
| CN212321899U (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2021-01-08 | 浙江大学 | 3X 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable splitting ratio and continuously adjustable |
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2020
- 2020-07-06 CN CN202010643712.0A patent/CN111650693B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20070237453A1 (en) * | 2004-03-19 | 2007-10-11 | Crystal Fibre A/S | Optical Coupler Devices, Methods of Their Production and Use |
| CN109655973A (en) * | 2019-01-07 | 2019-04-19 | 浙江大学 | A kind of 2 × 2 single mode optical fiber directional couplers that splitting ratio is continuously adjustable |
| CN212321899U (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2021-01-08 | 浙江大学 | 3X 3 single-mode micro-nano optical fiber coupler with controllable splitting ratio and continuously adjustable |
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| 张庭 等: "微纳光纤的制备及其光学特性研究", 压电与声光, vol. 40, no. 5 * |
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