CN111644597A - Casting blank for ring-shaped part and method for manufacturing casting blank - Google Patents
Casting blank for ring-shaped part and method for manufacturing casting blank Download PDFInfo
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- CN111644597A CN111644597A CN202010359635.6A CN202010359635A CN111644597A CN 111644597 A CN111644597 A CN 111644597A CN 202010359635 A CN202010359635 A CN 202010359635A CN 111644597 A CN111644597 A CN 111644597A
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- casting blank
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- cavity
- iron sheet
- sheet sleeve
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/0081—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product pretreatment of the insert, e.g. for enhancing the bonding between insert and surrounding cast metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D19/00—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product
- B22D19/009—Casting in, on, or around objects which form part of the product for casting objects the members of which can be separated afterwards
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0006—Details, accessories not peculiar to any of the following furnaces
- C21D9/0025—Supports; Baskets; Containers; Covers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/40—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rings; for bearing races
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
- C22C9/04—Alloys based on copper with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Molds, Cores, And Manufacturing Methods Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a casting blank of an annular part and a manufacturing method of the casting blank, wherein the casting blank of the annular part comprises an iron sheet sleeve and an annular casting blank attached to the iron sheet sleeve, and the outer wall surface of the iron sheet sleeve is gradually inclined inwards from low to high so as to form a supporting surface for supporting the annular casting blank during high-temperature stabilization heat treatment; the height of the annular casting blank is larger than the height of the annular parts, the inner diameter of the annular casting blank is smaller than that of the annular parts, and the outer diameter of the annular casting blank is larger than that of the annular parts. According to the casting blank of the annular part, the alloy liquid poured into the cavity of the die body is solidified into the annular casting blank and is attached to the iron sheet sleeve, so that the using amount of the alloy liquid is reduced, the manufacturing cost is reduced, the solidification forming time is shortened, and the outer wall surface of the iron sheet sleeve, which is inclined inwards from low to high, forms a supporting surface for supporting the annular casting blank during high-temperature stabilization heat treatment, so that the annular casting blank is prevented from being deformed by heating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of casting blank manufacturing, in particular to a casting blank of an annular part, and further relates to a manufacturing method of the casting blank.
Background
On an aircraft engine, a novel material represented by copper, silver and zinc is manufactured into an annular part for being used as an inner ring of a sealing assembly, the technical requirement is extremely high, and any loosening and slag inclusion defects are not allowed. Meanwhile, in order to meet the requirement of later-stage welding, the casting blank needs to be subjected to high-temperature stabilizing heat treatment before processing, and the temperature of the stabilizing heat treatment is close to the solidus temperature of the material, so that the material is extremely easy to soften in the heat treatment process, and the casting is collapsed and deformed.
In the prior art, a copper alloy cast rod is cast by alloy liquid of materials, and then excess materials of the copper alloy cast rod are removed by processing, so that an annular part is manufactured. The common casting process for copper alloy cast bars includes centrifugal casting and gravity casting. The casting blank formed by the centrifugal casting process is a hollow casting rod, saves materials compared with gravity casting, and is suitable for manufacturing the casting blank of a ring-shaped part with a larger diameter, such as the casting blank with the diameter of 60mm or more. The rotational speed of the centrifugal casting die is as high as 1000r/min, so that segregation is easily formed in centrifugal casting for materials with large difference of the quality of each element, such as materials containing Zn, Pb, Ag and the like. The casting rod cast by gravity is generally solid, so that for the annular part with a larger diameter, the solid casting rod wastes materials, and the solid casting rod has poor natural solidification property in the cooling process and is easy to have the defect of looseness. For a casting blank which needs high-temperature stabilization treatment before processing, if centrifugal casting is used, on one hand, whether casting segregation is caused by the fact that a material component contains elements with heavy mass or not is considered, and on the other hand, the problem that a hollow structure is easy to deform in the high-temperature stabilization treatment stage is considered. With gravity casting, it is considered that the large diameter solid billet results in the waste of precious metals such as "Ag" and the problem that the porosity defect of the casting is difficult to control.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a casting blank of an annular part and a manufacturing method of the casting blank, and aims to solve the technical problem that the existing casting blank of the annular part has segregation, deformation and/or porosity defects in the casting blank manufacturing process.
According to one aspect of the invention, the casting blank of the annular part is used for manufacturing the annular part, and comprises an iron sheet sleeve and the annular casting blank attached to the iron sheet sleeve, wherein the outer wall surface of the iron sheet sleeve is gradually inclined inwards from low to high so as to form a supporting surface for supporting the annular casting blank in high-temperature stabilization heat treatment; the height of the annular casting blank is larger than the height of the annular parts, the inner diameter of the annular casting blank is smaller than that of the annular parts, and the outer diameter of the annular casting blank is larger than that of the annular parts.
Further, the support surface is inclined inwardly at an angle of 1 to 5 degrees.
Furthermore, an iron sheet sleeve is provided with a central cavity, and the bottom of the iron sheet sleeve is provided with an annular bottom plate which is used for supporting an annular casting blank and preventing poured alloy liquid from flowing into the central cavity.
Further, the outer wall surface of the annular casting blank inclines outwards from low to high.
Furthermore, the inclination angle of the lower part and the middle part of the outer wall surface of the annular casting blank is 1-5 degrees, and the inclination angle of the upper part of the outer wall surface of the annular casting blank is 10-50 degrees.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for manufacturing a casting blank for a ring-shaped part, the casting blank mold including a mold body provided with a cavity and a pouring cup covering the mold body for pouring an alloy liquid into the cavity, the method including the steps of: placing an iron sheet sleeve in the center of a cavity of the die body, and forming an annular cavity for casting blank molding between the outer wall surface of the iron sheet sleeve and the inner wall surface of the cavity; covering the pouring cup on the die body, and pouring alloy liquid into the annular cavity from the pouring cup, so that an annular casting blank is formed after the alloy liquid is solidified and formed, and the annular casting blank is attached to the iron sheet sleeve; and taking the annular casting blank with the iron sheet sleeve out of the die body, and carrying out high-temperature stabilization heat treatment.
Further, the iron sheet sleeve is pretreated before being placed in the center of the cavity of the die body, and the method comprises the following steps: 3-5% sodium carbonate solution is adopted to carry out alkali washing and oil removal on the iron sheet sleeve, so that oxide skin and oil stain on the surface of the iron sheet sleeve are removed; and cleaning and drying the residual sodium carbonate solution on the surface of the iron sheet sleeve.
Further, before the alloy liquid is poured between the cavity of the die body and the iron sheet sleeve, 1.5% -2% boric acid aqueous solution is coated on the inner wall surface of the cavity of the die body.
Furthermore, the bottom surface of the cavity of the die body is provided with a tapered hole with the radial size gradually increased from low to high, and the tapered hole is internally provided with a matched ejection loose piece for ejecting the formed casting blank out of the cavity of the die body.
Further, the alloy liquid comprises 50-60% of copper, 20-25% of silver and 20-25% of zinc, and the melting, purification and tapping pouring temperatures of the alloy liquid are 1000-1052 ℃; the temperature of the high-temperature stabilizing heat treatment is 700 +/-20 ℃, and the time is 5h +/-10 min.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the casting blank of the annular part of the invention solidifies the alloy liquid poured into the cavity of the die body into the annular casting blank and adheres to the iron sheet sleeve by additionally arranging the iron sheet sleeve, thereby reducing the using amount of the alloy liquid, reducing the manufacturing cost, simultaneously shortening the time of solidification forming, reducing the excess material required to be removed when manufacturing the annular part and improving the processing efficiency, a support surface for supporting the annular casting blank during high-temperature stabilization heat treatment is formed by the outer wall surface inclined inwards from low to high on the iron sheet sleeve, thereby preventing the annular casting blank from being heated and deformed, in addition, the height of the annular casting blank is more than the height of a plurality of annular parts, the inner diameter size of the annular parts is less than the inner diameter size of the annular parts, the outer diameter size of the annular casting blank is more than the outer diameter size of the annular parts, therefore, after the excess material of the iron sheet sleeve and the annular casting blank is removed by processing, and meanwhile, a plurality of annular parts are obtained, and the machining efficiency of the annular parts is further improved.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the structure of a cast slab of a ring part according to a preferred embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an iron sheath according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a casting blank mold according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Illustration of the drawings:
1. an iron sheet sleeve; 2. annular casting blank; 3. an annular base plate; 4. a mold body; 41. a cavity; 5. a pouring cup; 6. ejecting out the loose piece; 7. an annular part.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be embodied in many different forms, which are defined and covered by the following description.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the structure of a cast slab of a ring part according to a preferred embodiment of the invention; FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an iron sheath according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a casting blank mold according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the casting blank of the ring-shaped part of the present embodiment is used for manufacturing a ring-shaped part 7, and includes an iron sheet sleeve 1 and a ring-shaped casting blank 2 attached to the iron sheet sleeve 1, wherein an outer wall surface of the iron sheet sleeve 1 gradually inclines inwards from low to high, so as to form a supporting surface for supporting the ring-shaped casting blank 2 during high-temperature stabilization heat treatment; the height of the annular casting blank 2 is larger than the height of the annular parts 7, the inner diameter of the annular casting blank 2 is smaller than the inner diameter of the annular parts 7, the outer diameter of the annular casting blank 2 is larger than the outer diameter of the annular parts 7, and the excess materials of the iron sheet sleeve 1 and the annular casting blank 2 are removed through machining, so that the annular parts 7 are obtained. The casting blank of the annular part of the invention, through setting up the leather sheath 1, make the molten alloy poured into the die cavity 41 of the mould body 4 solidify into the annular casting blank 2 and adhere to the leather sheath 1, thus has reduced the consumption of the molten alloy, having reduced the cost of manufacture, shorten the time of the solidification forming at the same time, the excess stock that need be removed while reducing and making the annular part 7, has raised the processing efficiency, form the bearing surface used for supporting the annular casting blank 2 while stabilizing the heat treatment at high temperature through the outer wall surface that is inclined inwards from low to high on the leather sheath 1, thus prevent the annular casting blank 2 from being heated and deformed, in addition, the height of the annular casting blank 2 is greater than the height of a plurality of annular parts 7, the inner diameter size of the annular casting blank 2 is smaller than the inner diameter size of the annular part 7, the outer diameter size of the annular casting blank 2 is greater than the outer diameter size of the annular part 7, therefore, after removing the excess stock of the leather sheath 1 and annular, and a plurality of annular parts 7 are obtained at the same time, so that the machining efficiency of the annular parts 7 is further improved.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the support surface is inclined inwardly at an angle of 1 to 5 degrees. Too small an inward inclination angle of the supporting surface is not favorable for supporting the ring-shaped casting blank 2, and too large an inward inclination angle of the supporting surface increases the amount of the molten alloy. The iron sheet sleeve 1 is provided with a central cavity, and the bottom of the iron sheet sleeve 1 is provided with an annular bottom plate 3 which is used for supporting an annular casting blank 2 and preventing poured alloy liquid from flowing into the central cavity. The iron sheath 1 is made of 20 steel. Optionally, the iron sheath 1 is made of steel with a carbon content of less than 0.25 and a total alloy content of less than 1.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the outer wall surface of the ring-shaped cast slab 2 is inclined outward from low to high. The inner wall surface of the annular casting blank 2 is attached to the supporting surface of the iron sheet sleeve 1 and inclines inwards from low to high. When the alloy liquid is solidified into the annular casting blank 2, the phase change shrinkage exists when the liquid phase is converted into the solid phase, so that the thickness of the annular casting blank 2 is gradually increased from low to high, the sequential solidification of the annular casting blank 2 is better, and the annular casting blank is gradually solidified from low to high, thereby avoiding the large tendency of casting blank shrinkage porosity. The inclination angle of the lower part and the middle part of the outer wall surface of the ring-shaped casting blank 2 is 1-5 degrees, and the inclination angle of the upper part of the outer wall surface of the ring-shaped casting blank 2 is 10-50 degrees. The parts of the ring block 2 for producing the ring parts 7 are located in the lower and middle parts of the ring block 2 and in the upper part in the area close to the middle part. The upper part of the ring-shaped casting block 2 is closer to the pouring cup 5, and the inclination angle of the gradually-increased upper part of the ring shape is increased, so that the heat node is enabled to move upwards, the part of the ring-shaped casting block 2 for manufacturing the ring-shaped part 7 can be naturally fed, and the shrinkage porosity of the ring-shaped casting block 2 is concentrated on the part of the upper part, which is not used for manufacturing the ring-shaped part 7.
As shown in fig. 3, the method for manufacturing a cast slab according to the present embodiment is a cast slab for manufacturing a ring-shaped part, the cast slab mold including a mold body 4 provided with a cavity 41 and a pouring cup 5 covering the mold body 4 for pouring an alloy liquid into the cavity 41, and includes the steps of: an iron sheet sleeve 1 is arranged at the center of a cavity 41 of a die body 4, so that an annular cavity for casting blank forming is formed between the outer wall surface of the iron sheet sleeve 1 and the inner wall surface of the cavity 41; covering the pouring cup 5 on the die body 4, pouring alloy liquid into the annular cavity from the pouring cup 5, so that the alloy liquid is solidified and formed into an annular casting blank 2, and the annular casting blank 2 is attached to the iron sheet sleeve 1; and taking the annular casting blank 2 with the iron sheath 1 out of the die body 4, and carrying out high-temperature stabilization heat treatment. The height of the iron leather sheath 1 is higher than that of the cavity 41, and a groove matched with the top end of the iron leather sheath 1 is arranged at the center of the pouring cup 5. The pouring cup 5 covers the die body 4, and the top end of the iron leather sleeve 1 is positioned and assembled in the groove, so that the iron leather sleeve 1 is positioned in the center of the cavity 41 in the pouring process.
As shown in fig. 3, the iron sheath 1 is pretreated before the iron sheath 1 is placed in the center of the cavity 41 of the mold body 4, and the method comprises the following steps: 3-5% sodium carbonate solution is adopted to carry out alkali washing and oil removal on the iron sheet sleeve 1, so that oxide skin and oil stain on the surface of the iron sheet sleeve 1 are removed; and (3) cleaning and drying the sodium carbonate solution remained on the surface of the iron sheath 1.
As shown in fig. 3, before the alloy liquid is poured between the cavity 41 of the die body 4 and the sheet iron sleeve 1, a 1.5% -2% boric acid aqueous solution is coated on the inner wall surface of the cavity 41 of the die body 4, so as to avoid that the surface quality and the dimensional accuracy of the ring-shaped casting blank 2 are affected by a thick oxide layer and decarburization generated when the surface of the cavity 41 is heated. The coating on the surface of the cavity 41 is a carbon black coating generated by burning acetylene in air, so that the surface is smooth, demolding is facilitated, and the surface quality of the annular casting blank 2 is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, a tapered hole with a radial size gradually increasing from low to high is formed in the bottom surface of the cavity 41 of the die body 4, and an ejection loose piece 6 matched with the tapered hole and used for ejecting a formed casting blank out of the cavity 41 of the die body 4 is installed in the tapered hole. During demoulding, the ejection loose piece 6 is ejected upwards through manual operation of an operator or by adopting an ejector rod device, so that the formed casting blank is ejected.
As shown in FIG. 3, the temperature of the high-temperature stabilization treatment of the cast slab is determined based on the liquidus temperature of the alloy liquid. And determining the time of high-temperature stabilization treatment according to the using amount of the alloy liquid. In the embodiment, the alloy liquid comprises 50-60% of copper, 20-25% of silver and 20-25% of zinc, and the melting, purification and tapping pouring temperatures of the alloy liquid are 1000-1052 ℃; the temperature of the high-temperature stabilizing heat treatment is 700 +/-20 ℃, and the time is 5h +/-10 min. An annular casting blank 2 formed by pouring the alloy liquid is supported by the iron sheet sleeve 1, so that the annular casting blank 2 is prevented from deforming.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A cast blank for an annular part for producing an annular part (7), characterized in that,
comprises an iron sheet sleeve (1) and an annular casting blank (2) attached to the iron sheet sleeve (1),
the outer wall surface of the iron sheet sleeve (1) is gradually inclined inwards from low to high, so that a supporting surface for supporting the annular casting blank (2) during high-temperature stabilization heat treatment is formed;
the height of the annular casting blank (2) is larger than the height of the plurality of annular parts (7), the inner diameter of the annular casting blank (2) is smaller than the inner diameter of the annular parts (7), and the outer diameter of the annular casting blank (2) is larger than the outer diameter of the annular parts (7).
2. Casting blank of a ring part according to claim 1,
the support surface is inclined inwardly at an angle of 1-5 degrees.
3. Casting blank of a ring part according to claim 1,
the iron sheet sleeve (1) is provided with a central cavity, and the bottom of the iron sheet sleeve (1) is provided with an annular bottom plate (3) which is used for supporting the annular casting blank (2) and preventing poured alloy liquid from flowing into the central cavity.
4. Casting blank of a ring part according to claim 1,
the outer wall surface of the annular casting blank (2) inclines outwards from low to high.
5. Casting blank of a ring part according to claim 4,
the inclination angle of the lower part and the middle part of the outer wall surface of the annular casting blank (2) is 1-5 degrees, and the inclination angle of the upper part of the outer wall surface of the annular casting blank (2) is 10-50 degrees.
6. A casting blank manufacturing method is used for manufacturing a casting blank of an annular part (7), a casting blank mold comprises a mold body (4) provided with a cavity (41) and a pouring cup (5) which is covered on the mold body (4) and used for pouring alloy liquid into the cavity (41),
the method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
an iron sheet sleeve (1) is arranged at the center of a cavity (41) of a die body (4), so that an annular cavity for casting blank forming is formed between the outer wall surface of the iron sheet sleeve (1) and the inner wall surface of the cavity (41);
covering a pouring cup (5) on the die body (4), pouring alloy liquid into the annular cavity from the pouring cup (5), so that the alloy liquid is solidified and formed to form an annular casting blank (2), and the annular casting blank (2) is attached to the iron sheet sleeve (1);
taking the annular casting blank (2) with the iron sheet sleeve (1) out of the die body (4), and carrying out high-temperature stabilization heat treatment.
7. The casting blank manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein the iron sheath (1) is pretreated before the iron sheath (1) is placed in the center of the cavity (41) of the die body (4), and the method comprises the following steps:
3-5% sodium carbonate solution is adopted to carry out alkali washing and oil removal on the iron leather sleeve (1), so that oxide skin and oil stain on the surface of the iron leather sleeve (1) are removed;
and (3) cleaning and drying the residual sodium carbonate solution on the surface of the iron sheath (1).
8. The cast slab manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein,
before the alloy liquid is poured between the cavity (41) of the die body (4) and the iron sheath (1), 1.5% -2% boric acid water solution is coated on the inner wall surface of the cavity (41) of the die body (4).
9. The cast slab manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein,
the bottom surface of the cavity (41) of the die body (4) is provided with a tapered hole with the radial size gradually increased from low to high, and the tapered hole is internally provided with an ejection loose piece (6) which is matched and used for ejecting the formed casting blank out of the cavity (41) of the die body (4).
10. The cast slab manufacturing method according to claim 6, wherein,
the alloy liquid comprises 50-60% of copper, 20-25% of silver and 20-25% of zinc, and the melting, purification and tapping pouring temperature of the alloy liquid is 1000-1052 ℃;
the temperature of the high-temperature stabilizing heat treatment is 700 +/-20 ℃, and the time is 5h +/-10 min.
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| CN202010359635.6A CN111644597B (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Casting blank for ring-shaped part and method for manufacturing casting blank |
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| CN202010359635.6A CN111644597B (en) | 2020-04-30 | 2020-04-30 | Casting blank for ring-shaped part and method for manufacturing casting blank |
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