CN111644476A - Production process method of large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extruded material - Google Patents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/002—Extruding materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special extruding methods of sequences
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C23/00—Extruding metal; Impact extrusion
- B21C23/02—Making uncoated products
- B21C23/04—Making uncoated products by direct extrusion
- B21C23/08—Making wire, bars, tubes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C31/00—Control devices, e.g. for regulating the pressing speed or temperature of metal; Measuring devices, e.g. for temperature of metal, combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with extrusion presses
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/05—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys of the Al-Si-Mg type, i.e. containing silicon and magnesium in approximately equal proportions
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Abstract
The invention relates to a production process method of a large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material, which mainly comprises the working procedures of semi-continuous ingot casting, long rod heating, ingot-to-ingot extrusion, coiling, multi-pass continuous extrusion, online water quenching treatment, coiling and the like. The invention is mainly characterized in that: 1. the coiled rod blank of the ingot-receiving extrusion belt joint can be extruded into a large-coil-weight aluminum alloy extruded material with a ton grade or above through multi-pass continuous extrusion; 2. the extruded product has good tissue and performance uniformity along the length direction; 3. the grain size is finer, the solid solubility of alloy elements is high, the aging strengthening effect is good, and the comprehensive mechanical properties of the extruded material, such as strength, elongation and the like in the T5 state are improved by 10-15% compared with the conventional extruded material in the T6 state. In addition, the method does not need a large-diameter cast ingot and a large-tonnage extruder, does not need cast ingot homogenization solution treatment, has the process characteristics of small investment, high yield and the like, is a novel production process method for a large-coil-weight aluminum alloy extruded material above the ton level, and can also be used for developing, developing and producing small-specification bars, sections and wires of 2XXX and 7XXX series high-performance aluminum alloys.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metal plastic processing, and relates to a production process method of a large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material.
Background
The Al-Mg-Si (6000 series) alloy has good formability, weldability, conductivity and corrosion resistance, and also has medium strength, can be extruded into various sections, pipes, bars, wires and the like with complex structures at high speed, is a key structural material for light equipment, is widely applied to light parts such as automobiles and the like, such as automobile shock absorbers, chassis parts, engines, gearbox connecting screws and the like, and therefore, along with the rapid development of light weight of the manufacturing industry of advanced equipment such as automobiles and the automatic technology for producing the parts, the demand of Al-Mg-Si series alloy disc round bars with large coil weight and high uniformity is continuously increased, and the market prospect is very wide.
At present, the production processes of small and medium-sized bars, profiles and wires of aluminum alloys at home and abroad mainly comprise a semi-continuous ingot casting-extrusion method, a continuous casting and continuous rolling method, a semi-continuous cast rod hot continuous rolling method and the like:
(1) the semi-continuous ingot casting-extrusion method comprises the following process flows: semi-continuous casting, ingot casting homogenization, ingot casting heating, hot extrusion, and aluminum alloy disc round bar material. If the process method is used for producing large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy disc round bars, large ingots are needed, so that corresponding main equipment such as a casting machine, an extruding machine and the like has large investment, large occupied area, high tool and die consumption and energy consumption, high geometric waste in the production process, low product yield, and more importantly, the structure and the performance of the conventional forward extrusion products are quite uneven along the length, which seriously influences the uniformity of the performance of the final products. In fact, the length of the single coil of endless product is still limited by the weight of the ingot, usually within 200Kg, and it is difficult to reach tonnage levels.
(2) The continuous casting and rolling method is a main method for producing aluminum and soft aluminum alloy wire billets in the wire and cable industry, and a small number of enterprises are developing and producing 6201 aluminum alloy disc round rod materials, but the precedent that other Al-Mg-Si series alloy disc round rod materials are normally produced by adopting the process route is not provided. The process flow of the continuous casting and rolling method comprises the following steps: wheel type continuous casting, hot continuous rolling and aluminum alloy disc and rod material. The process route has moderate equipment investment, heavy product single weight, high yield (more than 90 percent) and relatively stable quality. However, it is difficult to avoid the introduction of oxide inclusions during melt casting and the pressing of oxide films and lubricants into the inside of the aluminum alloy disc rod material during rolling, and the dimensional accuracy of the surface quality is poor, which also seriously affects the processability and yield of the final product.
(3) A semi-continuous cast rod hot continuous rolling method, which replaces hot extrusion with hot continuous rolling (roll type rolling), so that a cast rod longer than that of extrusion casting can be adopted, the weight of a single coil of jointless aluminum alloy disc round rod material is properly increased, and the nonuniformity of the structure performance of a conventional extrusion product along the length is reduced. However, since the temperature of the head and the tail of the rolled product is not uniform (the temperature of the tail is lower than that of the head) as the rolling process is carried out, the oxidation film and the lubricating oil are pressed into the aluminum alloy disc round bar material during the rolling process, the dimensional accuracy of the surface quality is poor, and the processing performance and the yield of the final product are also seriously influenced. In fact, the length of the single coil of endless product is still limited by the weight of the ingot, usually within 300Kg, and cannot reach the tonne level.
The invention patent CN 102941324A discloses a method for preparing an aluminum alloy round bar, which is characterized in that a horizontal continuous casting aluminum alloy small disc round bar blank is sent into a continuous extruder for continuous extrusion within 24 hours, and the small disc round bar blank is subjected to small disc butt joint through cold welding before being sent into the continuous extruder so as to realize uninterrupted feeding. In the experimental examples, though 6201 aluminum alloy disc round bars for electricians are developed, the practical application of the aluminum alloy disc round bars to the development of other Al-Mg-Si series alloys with slightly higher strength has considerable difficulty.
The invention provides a production process method of a large-coil-weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extruded material, which aims at the production technical characteristics, the research and development current situation and the production actual situation of small and medium-sized bars, sections and wires of the existing aluminum alloy and the existing preparation technology with a plurality of limitations and combines the thermodynamic process characteristics of an aluminum alloy ingot receiving extrusion process and continuous extrusion deformation. The invention is mainly characterized in that: 1. the coiled rod blank of the ingot-receiving extrusion belt joint can be extruded into a large-coil-weight aluminum alloy coiled round rod material with a ton grade or above through multi-pass continuous extrusion; 2. the extruded product has good tissue and performance uniformity along the length direction; 3. the grain size is finer, the solid solubility of alloy elements is high, the aging strengthening effect is good, and the comprehensive mechanical properties of the extruded material, such as strength, elongation and the like in the T5 state are improved by 10-15% compared with the conventional extruded material in the T6 state. In addition, the method does not need a large-diameter cast ingot and a large-tonnage extruder, does not need cast ingot homogenization solution treatment, has the process characteristics of small investment, high yield and the like, is a novel production process method for the aluminum alloy disc round bar with large coil weight above the ton grade, and can also be used for the development, development and production of small-sized bars, section bars and wire rods of 2XXX and 7XXX series high-performance aluminum alloys.
The invention tries to extrude the coiled rod blank with the joint of the ingot-receiving extrusion belt into the aluminum alloy coiled round rod material with the large coil weight of more than ton grade by multi-pass continuous extrusion, thereby achieving the purposes of simultaneously and effectively improving the structure of the continuous extrusion product along the length direction and the uniformity of the performance, refining the grain size, improving the solid solubility of alloy elements, and improving the subsequent aging strengthening effect and the comprehensive mechanical properties of the large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series aluminum alloy products such as strength, extension and the like. Is expected to provide a new idea for the development, development and production of small and medium-sized bars, sections and wires of 2XXX and 7XXX series high-performance aluminum alloys.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a production process method of a large-coil-weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extruded material by combining the thermodynamic process characteristics of an aluminum alloy ingot receiving extrusion process and continuous extrusion deformation, aiming at the production technical characteristics, the research and development current situation, the production actual situation and the existing preparation technology of small-and-medium-sized bars, sections and wires of aluminum alloy. The production process method of the large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extruded material is completely suitable for the production tool of ton-level large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extruded materials.
The invention relates to a production process method of a large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material, which comprises the working procedures of semi-continuous ingot casting, long rod heating, ingot receiving and extrusion, coiling, multi-pass continuous extrusion, online water quenching treatment and coiling;
the heating temperature of the long rod is as follows: 450-550 ℃, preferably 480-520 ℃; the time is 60-180min, preferably 90-120 min;
obtaining coiled aluminum alloy disk and rod blanks with the diameter of phi 10mm, phi 12mm, phi 16mm or phi 20mm by ingot-to-ingot extrusion;
controlling the temperature of an extrusion outlet to be 400-550 ℃ by multi-pass continuous extrusion;
and during the online water quenching treatment, controlling the temperature of the product after water quenching to be 60-120 ℃.
As a preferred process, the invention relates to a production process method of a large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material, and the semi-continuous ingot casting is a vertical semi-continuous ingot casting.
As a preferred process, the invention relates to a production process method of a large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material, wherein an extruder used for ingot-to-ingot extrusion is a 600-ton common horizontal single-action forward extruder, and a double-hole die is adopted for extrusion.
As a preferred process, the invention relates to a production process method of a large-coil-weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material, which extrudes a coil rod blank of an ingot-connected extrusion belt joint into a large-coil-weight aluminum alloy coil rod material through multi-pass continuous extrusion; the temperature of an extrusion outlet is 400-550 ℃; the rotating speed of the extrusion wheel is 8-20 rpm; the continuous extrusion pass is 1-4 times; the diameter of the final extrusion product is phi 6-phi 35 mm.
As a preferred process, the invention relates to a production process method of a large-coil-weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material, which extrudes a coil rod blank of an ingot-connected extrusion belt joint into a large-coil-weight aluminum alloy coil rod material through multi-pass continuous extrusion; the temperature of an extrusion outlet is 460-480 ℃; the rotating speed of the extrusion wheel is 12-16 rpm; 2-3 continuous extrusion passes; the diameter of the final extrusion product is phi 10-phi 30 mm.
As a preferred process, the production process method of the large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material provided by the invention has the advantages that the continuous extrusion die orifice of each pass is directly quenched by water, and the temperature of the quenched product is controlled to be 60-120 ℃.
As a preferred process, the production process method of the large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material provided by the invention has the advantages that the continuous extrusion die orifice of each pass is directly quenched by water, and the temperature of the quenched product is controlled to be 80-100 ℃. In industrial applications, after water quenching, if continuous extrusion is required, the water quenched product is naturally cooled to room temperature and then subjected to subsequent extrusion.
When multi-pass continuous extrusion is carried out, the used equipment is as follows: at least one selected from 300 type, 350 type and 400 type aluminum material continuous extrusion machines.
As a preferred process, the invention relates to a production process method of a large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extruded material, which comprises the following steps: rolling the obtained product, and carrying out artificial aging treatment at the temperature of 120-; the product in T5 state is obtained.
As a preferable process, the strength and the elongation of the product in the T5 state are simultaneously improved by 10-15 percent compared with the product in the T6 state by the production process of the large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extruded material.
The invention can coil according to the weight or length required by the user, and the length or weight of the product is not limited by the process.
The process disclosed by the invention is suitable for the development, development and production of bars or sections or wires in 6-series and/or 2-series and/or 7-series high-performance aluminum alloy.
The process developed by the invention can be used for producing the aluminum alloy extruded material with the large coil weight above the ton level.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: 30 6061 aluminum alloy semi-continuous cast ingots with the standard component diameter of phi 90 multiplied by 6000mm are purchased in the market, heated in a gas heating furnace at 480 ℃ and insulated for 2 hours, and then thermally sheared into extruded ingots with the diameter of phi 90 multiplied by 360 mm. Adopting a double-hole die ingot to connect and extrude an aluminum alloy disk round bar blank with the diameter of phi 12mm and the rolling weight of about 1100Kg on a 600T extruder, and then extruding a round bar product with the diameter of phi 12mm on an LJ300 aluminum material continuous extruder, wherein the continuous extrusion temperature is about 460 ℃, and the rotating speed of an extrusion wheel is 16 rpm; directly cooling the product at the mold outlet to 90-100 ℃ with water; the product is then wound up using a constant tension take-up device. And carrying out secondary and third continuous extrusion on the product which is continuously extruded into a coil for the first time by the same process, and then carrying out artificial aging treatment on the whole coil at 175 ℃ for 10 hours. Tensile properties were tested by sampling at the head and middle tails and comparing the error and mean values of the tensile properties test at the head and middle tails with the performance of the standard product, see table 1. As a result, it was found that: the product performance produced by the invention is obviously superior to the standard value of a semi-continuous ingot casting-extrusion method, and the development and production of ton-level large coil weight products with uniform and consistent performance are completely realized.
TABLE 1 tensile mechanical properties of T5 state of 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion material of the invention and T6 state of semicontinuous ingot casting-extrusion method
Example two: 30 6082 aluminum alloy semi-continuous cast ingots with the standard component diameter of phi 90 multiplied by 6000mm are purchased in the market, heated in a gas heating furnace at 480 ℃ and insulated for 2 hours, and then thermally sheared into extruded ingots with the diameter of phi 90 multiplied by 360 mm. Adopting a double-hole die ingot to connect and extrude an aluminum alloy disk round bar blank with the diameter of phi 12mm and the rolling weight of about 1100Kg on a 600T extruder, and then extruding a round bar product with the diameter of phi 12mm on an LJ300 aluminum material continuous extruder, wherein the continuous extrusion temperature is about 460 ℃, and the rotating speed of an extrusion wheel is 16 rpm; directly cooling the product at the mold outlet to 90-100 ℃ with water; the product is then wound up using a constant tension take-up device. And carrying out secondary and third continuous extrusion on the product which is continuously extruded into a coil for the first time by the same process, and then carrying out artificial aging treatment on the whole coil at 175 ℃ for 10 hours. Tensile properties were tested by sampling at the head and middle tails and comparing the error and mean values of the tensile properties test at the head and middle tails with the performance of the standard product, see table 2. As a result, it was found that: the product performance of the product produced by the invention is obviously superior to the standard value of the T6 state of a semi-continuous ingot casting-extrusion method, and the development and production of ton-level large coil weight products with uniform and consistent performance are completely realized.
TABLE 1 tensile mechanical properties of T5 state of 6082 aluminum alloy extrusion material of the invention and T6 state of semicontinuous ingot casting-extrusion method
Claims (10)
1. A production process method of a large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material is characterized by comprising the following steps: the production process method comprises the working procedures of semi-continuous ingot casting, long rod heating, ingot receiving and extruding, coiling, multi-pass continuous extruding, online water quenching treatment and rolling;
the heating temperature of the long rod is as follows: 450-550 ℃, preferably 480-520 ℃; the heat preservation time is 60-180min, preferably 90-120 min;
obtaining coiled aluminum alloy disk and rod blanks with the diameter of phi 10mm, phi 12mm, phi 16mm or phi 20mm by ingot-to-ingot extrusion;
controlling the temperature of an extrusion outlet to be 400-550 ℃ by multi-pass continuous extrusion;
and during the online water quenching treatment, controlling the temperature of the product after water quenching to be 60-120 ℃.
2. The production process method of the large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the semi-continuous ingot casting is a vertical semi-continuous ingot casting.
3. The production process method of the large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material according to claim 1, characterized in that: the extruder used for ingot receiving and extruding is a 600-ton common horizontal single-action forward extruder and adopts a double-hole die for extruding.
4. The production process method of the large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material according to claim 1, characterized in that: extruding the coiled rod blank with the ingot-receiving extrusion belt joint into a large-coil-weight aluminum alloy extruded material through multi-pass continuous extrusion; the temperature of an extrusion outlet is 400-550 ℃; the rotating speed of the extrusion wheel is 8-20 rpm; the continuous extrusion pass is 1-4 times; the diameter of the final extrusion product is phi 6-phi 35 mm.
5. The production process method of the large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material according to claim 4, characterized in that: extruding the coiled rod blank with the ingot-receiving extrusion belt joint into a large-coil-weight aluminum alloy extruded material through multi-pass continuous extrusion; the temperature of an extrusion outlet is 460-480 ℃; the rotating speed of the extrusion wheel is 12-16 rpm; 2-3 continuous extrusion passes; the diameter of the final extrusion product is phi 10-phi 30 mm.
6. The production process method of the large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) quenching each continuous extrusion die opening by directly utilizing water, and controlling the temperature of the quenched product to be 60-120 ℃.
7. The production process method of the large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material according to claim 6, characterized in that: and (3) quenching each continuous extrusion die orifice by directly utilizing water, and controlling the temperature of the quenched product to be 80-100 ℃.
8. The production process of an Al-Mg-Si based alloy extruded material having a large coil weight according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: rolling the obtained product, and carrying out artificial aging treatment at the temperature of 120-; the product in T5 state is obtained.
9. The production process method of the large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy disc round bar material according to claim 8, characterized in that: the strength and elongation of the product in the T5 temper were both increased by 10-15% compared to the conventional extruded T6 temper.
10. The production process method of the large coil weight Al-Mg-Si series alloy extrusion material according to claim 8, characterized in that: the method is suitable for the development, development and production of bars, sections or wires in 6-series and/or 2-series and/or 7-series high-performance aluminum alloy.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113881906A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-01-04 | 宁波旭升汽车技术股份有限公司 | Rapid heat treatment process for aluminum alloy material |
| CN114231862A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-25 | 湖南乾龙新材料有限公司 | Production process and application of T4P-state aluminum alloy narrow coiled plate |
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