CN111642785A

CN111642785A - Automatic tobacco compaction and shredding device

Info

Publication number: CN111642785A
Application number: CN202010445842.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 肖锋
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-05-25
Filing date: 2020-05-25
Publication date: 2020-09-11

Abstract

The invention relates to a shredding device, in particular to an automatic tobacco compacting and shredding device. The technical problem of the invention is how to provide an automatic tobacco compacting and shredding device which can automatically compact the tobacco divided into segments, can automatically shred the tobacco divided into segments intermittently and can also automatically discharge the tobacco intermittently. An automatic tobacco compacting and shredding device comprises a bottom plate and a conveying mechanism; the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a conveying mechanism; the pressing mechanism is fixedly connected to the side wall of the bottom plate and is in contact with the conveying mechanism; the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a shredding mechanism, and the shredding mechanism is in contact with the conveying mechanism. The rotary cutter is driven by the motor to rotate, so that the function of automatically cutting tobacco is realized, and the danger that the manual cutting is uneven and workers are possibly injured is avoided.

Description

Automatic tobacco compaction and shredding device

Technical Field

The invention relates to a shredding device, in particular to an automatic tobacco compacting and shredding device.

Background

Tobacco is a plant of genus Nicotiana of family Solanaceae, an annual or limited perennial herb, with a stout root and a full body of glandular hairs. The stem is 1-2 m high, and the base is slightly lignified. The leaves are rectangular round and rectangular round or oval, the top ends are gradually sharp, and the base parts are gradually narrowed to the stems to form ear-shaped half-clasping stems. The inflorescence grows at the top, is conical and has a plurality of flowers; the length of the pedicel is 5-20 mm. The shape of the capsule is egg-shaped or rectangular, and the length is approximately equal to the length of the persistent calyx. The seeds are round or wide and rectangular, have the diameter of about zero point five millimeters, are brown, blossom and bear fruits in summer and autumn, are native to south America, and are widely cultivated in south and north provinces of China. The tobacco is a temperature-preference crop and is sensitive to the temperature, and different temperature conditions have large influence on the quality and yield of the tobacco. The requirement of high-quality tobacco on temperature in the growth period is lower in the early stage and higher in the later stage. As a raw material for the tobacco industry; the whole plant can also be used as pesticide; it can also be used as anesthetic, sweating, sedative and emetic. Currently, most of tobaccos are used for making cigarettes, so that the tobaccos need to be processed into tobacco which is divided into segments, and then the tobacco which is divided into segments needs to be shredded, but the following problems can occur in manual shredding: (1) the manual shredding needs to compact the tobacco divided into sections and then shred the tobacco, so that the process is complicated; (2) when the filament is cut manually, workers need to hold a cutter, so that the filament is not cut uniformly and is easy to scratch; (3) the manual shredding requires repeatedly taking the tobacco cut into segments, which is time-consuming and labor-consuming.

Therefore, it is necessary to design an automatic tobacco compacting and shredding device capable of automatically compacting the tobacco divided into segments, intermittently shredding the tobacco divided into segments, and intermittently and automatically feeding the tobacco to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects that the tobacco which is divided into sections needs to be compacted and then cut into threads, the process is complicated; when the filament is cut manually, workers need to hold a cutter, so that the filament is not cut uniformly and is easy to scratch; the manual shredding needs to repeatedly take the tobacco divided into segments, thus the invention has the defects of time and labor waste, and the technical problem is as follows: the automatic tobacco compacting and shredding device can automatically compact the tobacco divided into segments, can automatically shred the tobacco divided into segments intermittently, and can also automatically discharge materials intermittently.

The technical scheme is as follows: an automatic tobacco compacting and shredding device comprises a bottom plate and a conveying mechanism, wherein the conveying mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom plate; the pressing mechanism is fixedly connected to the side wall of the bottom plate and is in contact with the conveying mechanism; the bottom plate is fixedly connected with a shredding mechanism, and the shredding mechanism is in contact with the conveying mechanism.

In one embodiment, the transmission mechanism comprises a motor base, a servo motor, a supporting base, a connecting shaft, a first helical gear, a second helical gear, a rotating base, a transmission wheel and a transmission crawler, wherein the motor base is fixedly connected to a bottom plate, the servo motor is installed on the motor base, the supporting base is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, the connecting shaft is installed on an output shaft of the servo motor, the connecting shaft is rotatably connected to the supporting base, the first helical gear is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft, the two rotating bases are fixedly connected to the side wall of the bottom plate, the transmission wheel is rotatably connected to the rotating bases, the transmission crawler is wound on the two transmission wheels, one of the transmission wheels is fixedly connected to the second helical gear, and the second helical gear is meshed with the first helical gear.

In one embodiment, pressing mechanism is including bearing plate, sliding sleeve and pressure board, the rigid coupling has the bearing plate on the bottom plate lateral wall, bearing plate and conveying track contact, the bottom plate rigid coupling has the sliding sleeve, it wears to be equipped with the pressure board to slide in the sliding sleeve, the pressure board can contact with conveying track.

In one embodiment, the shredding mechanism comprises a fixed frame, a rotary cutter, a short shaft, a rocker arm, a rotary wheel, a intermittent wheel and a conveying channel, wherein the fixed frame is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, the short shaft is rotatably connected to the fixed frame, the rotary cutter is fixedly connected to the short shaft, the rocker arm is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft, the rotary wheel is fixedly connected to the end portion of the connecting shaft, the intermittent wheel is fixedly connected to the short shaft, the rocker arm can be matched with the intermittent wheel, the conveying channel is fixedly connected to one side of the fixed frame, and the conveying channel is located above the conveying crawler.

In one embodiment, the device further comprises a first gear, a triangular vertical plate, a second gear, a rotating shaft, a reduction gearbox, a cam, a slide way, a moving rod, a first roller, a second roller, a first spring, a support rod, a swinging plate, a third roller and a second spring, wherein the first gear is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft, the triangular vertical plate is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, the rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the triangular vertical plate, the second gear is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft, the second gear is meshed with the first gear, the reduction gearbox is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, the end of the rotating shaft is connected to an input shaft of the reduction gearbox, the cam is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the reduction gearbox, the slide way is fixedly connected to the bottom plate, the moving rod penetrates through the slide way in a sliding mode, the first roller is installed at one end of the moving rod, the second roller is installed, first spring one end and slide contact, the other end and the contact of second gyro wheel, the rigid coupling has the bracing piece on the bottom plate, it has the swing board to articulate on the bracing piece, press the platen tip to install the third gyro wheel, the cover is equipped with the second spring on the platen, second spring one end and sliding sleeve contact, the other end and the contact of third gyro wheel, the both ends of swing board contact with first gyro wheel and third gyro wheel respectively.

In one of them embodiment, still including chucking seat, blowing kettle, baffle, connecting rod, swinging arms, fourth gyro wheel, third spring and lug, the rigid coupling has the chucking seat on the bottom plate, the chucking seat inside callipers is equipped with the blowing kettle, blowing kettle one side is rotated and is connected with the baffle, baffle one side is rotated and is connected with the connecting rod, the connecting rod tip articulates there is the swinging arms, the fourth gyro wheel is installed to the swinging arms tip, fourth gyro wheel and press the contact of pressing plate, swinging arms one side is provided with the third spring, third spring one end rigid coupling in swinging arms, other end rigid coupling in the bulge of sliding sleeve, sliding sleeve one side rigid coupling has the lug, the swinging arms rotates to be connected in the lug.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the motor is adopted to drive the rotary cutter to rotate, so that the function of automatically shredding the tobacco is realized, the danger that workers are injured due to uneven manual shredding is avoided, the tobacco can be automatically compacted before shredding, the tobacco can be shredded in the later period conveniently, the motor can drive the conveying mechanism to convey the tobacco, the processing is convenient, the tobacco to be processed can be automatically and intermittently placed on the conveying mechanism, and the time and labor are saved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic partially enlarged perspective view of a first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a third perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a fourth three-dimensional structure according to the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a second partially enlarged perspective view of the present invention.

Labeled as: 1 bottom plate, 2 motor bases, 3 servo motors, 4 supporting bases, 5 connecting shafts, 6 first bevel gears, 7 second bevel gears, 8 rotating bases, 9 transmission wheels, 10 transmission tracks, 11 bearing plates, 12 sliding sleeves, 13 pressing plates, 14 fixing frames, 15 rotating cutters, 16 short shafts, 17 rocker arms, 18 rotating wheels, 19 intermittent wheels, 20 transmission channels, 21 first gears, 22 triangular vertical plates, 23 second gears, 24 rotating shafts, 25 reduction boxes, 26 cams, 27 slideways, 28 moving rods, 29 first rollers, 30 second rollers, 31 first springs, 32 supporting rods, 33 swinging plates, 34 third rollers, 35 second springs, 36 clamping bases, 37 discharging pots, 38 baffles, 39 connecting rods, 40 swinging rods, 41 fourth rollers, 42 third springs and 43 convex blocks.

Detailed Description

The following description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

An automatic tobacco compacting and shredding device is shown in figures 1-3 and comprises a bottom plate 1 and a conveying mechanism, wherein the upper side of the bottom plate 1 is fixedly connected with the conveying mechanism; the pressing mechanism is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rear part of the bottom plate 1 and is in contact with the conveying mechanism; the bottom plate 1 of the shredding mechanism is fixedly connected with the shredding mechanism, and the shredding mechanism is in contact with the conveying mechanism.

The transmission mechanism comprises a motor base 2, a servo motor 3, a supporting base 4 and a connecting shaft 5, first helical gear 6, second helical gear 7, rotate seat 8, drive wheel 9 and conveying

track

10, 1 right part upside rigid coupling of bottom plate has motor cabinet 2, servo motor 3 is installed to 2 upsides of motor cabinet, 1 upside rigid coupling of bottom plate has supporting seat 4, supporting seat 4 is located servo motor 3 right sides, install connecting axle 5 on the servo motor 3 output shaft, connecting axle 5 rotates to be connected in supporting seat 4, connecting axle 5 middle part rigid coupling has first helical gear 6, the rigid coupling has two to rotate seat 8 on the 1 rear portion lateral wall of bottom plate, it is connected with drive wheel 9 all to rotate on the seat 8, two drive wheel 9 parallel arrangement, around being equipped with conveying track 10 on two drive wheels 9, the drive wheel 9 front side rigid coupling that is located the right side has second helical gear 7, second helical gear 7 meshes with first helical gear 6.

Pressing means is including bearing plate 11, sliding sleeve 12 and pressure board 13, the rigid coupling has bearing plate 11 on the 1 rear portion lateral wall of bottom plate, bearing plate 11 is located and rotates 8 upsides of seat, the top contact in bearing plate 11 and the conveying track 10, the rigid coupling has sliding sleeve 12 on the 1 rear portion lateral wall of bottom plate, sliding sleeve 12 is located and rotates 8 upsides of seat, the vertical slip wears to be equipped with in the sliding sleeve 12 and presses the pressure board 13, press the pressure board 13 can contact with conveying track 10.

The shredding mechanism comprises a fixed frame 14, a rotating cutter 15, a short shaft 16, a rocker arm 17, a rotating wheel 18, a intermittent wheel 19 and a conveying channel 20, the fixed frame 14 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the right part of the bottom plate 1, the fixed frame 14 is positioned on the right side of the supporting seat 4, the short shaft 16 is rotatably connected to the middle of the fixed frame 14, the rotating cutter 15 is fixedly connected to the short shaft 16, the rocker arm 17 is fixedly connected to the right part of the connecting shaft 5, the rotating wheel 18 is fixedly connected to the right end of the connecting shaft 5, the rotating wheel 18 is positioned below the intermittent wheel 19, the intermittent wheel 19 is fixedly connected to the right part of the short shaft 16, the rocker arm 17 can be matched with the intermittent wheel 19, the conveying channel 20 is.

When the tobacco divided into the segments needs to be compacted and shredded, the tobacco divided into the segments is placed on the conveying mechanism, the conveying mechanism is started, the tobacco divided into the segments is conveyed to the lower portion of the pressing mechanism, the pressing mechanism is manually pushed at the moment to compact the tobacco divided into the segments, then the tobacco divided into the segments is conveyed to the shredding mechanism through the conveying mechanism, and the tobacco divided into the segments is shredded by the shredding mechanism, so that the functions of automatically conveying the tobacco divided into the segments and automatically shredding the tobacco divided into the segments are achieved.

When starting transport mechanism, start servo motor 3 earlier, servo motor 3 drives first helical gear 6 through connecting axle 5 and rotates, and first helical gear 6 drives the drive wheel 9 through second helical gear 7 and rotates, and drive wheel 9 drives the tobacco of cutting apart into the section through conveying track 10 and removes to realize the function that the tobacco of cutting apart into the section removed of automatic drive, accomplish work back, close servo motor 3.

When the tobacco divided into segments is driven by the conveying mechanism to move to the position below the pressing plate 13, the pressing plate 13 is manually pushed downwards to compact the tobacco divided into segments, then the pressing plate 13 is moved upwards, and the tobacco divided into segments continuously moves to the right along with the conveying crawler 10 and moves to the shredding mechanism.

When the servo motor 3 drives the connecting shaft 5 to rotate, the connecting shaft 5 drives the intermittent wheel 19 to rotate through the rocker arm 17, the intermittent wheel 19 drives the rotary cutter 15 to rotate through the short shaft 16, so that the tobacco divided into segments is automatically cut, when the connecting shaft 5 rotates, the rotary wheel 18 rotates along with the connecting shaft, the cambered surface of the rotary wheel 18 is matched with the concave surface of the intermittent wheel 19, and the function of stabilizing the intermittent wheel 19 and the rotary cutter 15 is achieved.

Example 2

On the basis of the embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 4, the device further includes a first gear 21, a triangular vertical plate 22, a second gear 23, a rotating shaft 24, a reduction box 25, a cam 26, a slide 27, a moving rod 28, a first roller 29, a second roller 30, a first spring 31, a support rod 32, a swinging plate 33, a third roller 34 and a second spring 35, the first gear 21 is fixedly connected to the right portion of the connecting shaft 5, the triangular vertical plate 22 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the right portion of the bottom plate 1, the triangular vertical plate 22 is located in front of the first gear 21, the rotating shaft 24 is rotatably connected to the triangular vertical plate 22, the second gear 23 is fixedly connected to the right end of the rotating shaft 24, the second gear 23 is engaged with the first gear 21, the reduction box 25 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the front portion of the bottom plate 1, the reduction box 25 is located on the left side of the triangular vertical plate 22, the, the slide 27 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the front portion of the bottom plate 1, the slide 27 is located on the left side of the reduction gearbox 25, the moving rod 28 penetrates through the slide 27 in a vertical sliding mode, the first roller 29 is installed at the upper end of the moving rod 28, the second roller 30 is installed at the lower end of the moving rod 28, the first spring 31 is sleeved on the lower portion of the moving rod 28, the upper end of the first spring 31 is in contact with the slide 27, the lower end of the first spring 31 is in contact with the second roller 30, the supporting rod 32 is fixedly connected to the upper side of the front portion of the bottom plate 1, the supporting rod 32 is located behind the slide 27, the upper end of the supporting rod 32 is hinged to the swinging plate 33, the third roller 34 is installed at the upper end of the pressing plate 13, the second spring 35 is sleeved on the upper portion of the pressing plate 13, the lower end of the second spring 35 is.

When the servo motor 3 drives the first gear 21 to rotate through the connecting shaft 5, the first gear 21 drives the rotating shaft 24 to rotate through the second gear 23, the rotating shaft 24 drives the cam 26 to rotate through the output shaft of the reduction gearbox 25, when the cam 26 rotates, the protruding part of the cam 26 pushes the moving rod 28 to move upwards through the second roller 30, at the moment, the first spring 31 is compressed, the moving rod 28 pushes the front part of the swinging plate 33 to move upwards through the first roller 29, the rear part of the swinging plate 33 moves downwards along with the moving rod, the swinging plate 33 drives the pressing plate 13 to move downwards through the third roller 34, tobacco divided into sections is compacted, at the moment, the second spring 35 is compressed, when the protruding part rotates to the extent that the protruding part does not contact with the second roller 30, the first spring 31 drives the moving rod 28 to reset, and the second spring 35 drives the pressing plate 13 to reset.

Example 3

On the basis of the embodiment 2, as shown in fig. 5-6, the device further comprises a clamping seat 36, a material containing pot 37, a baffle 38 and a connecting rod 39, the swinging rod 40, the fourth roller 41, the third spring 42 and the bump 43, the clamping seat 36 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the rear portion of the bottom plate 1, the discharging pot 37 is clamped in the clamping seat 36, the baffle 38 is rotatably connected to the left side of the discharging pot 37, the baffle 38 is located below the opening of the discharging pot 37, the connecting rod 39 is rotatably connected to the front side of the baffle 38, the swinging rod 40 is hinged to the upper end of the connecting rod 39, the fourth roller 41 is installed at the lower end of the swinging rod 40, the fourth roller 41 is in contact with the upper side of the pressing plate 13, the third spring 42 is arranged on the upper side of the swinging rod 40, the left end of the third spring 42 is fixedly connected to the swinging rod 40, the right end of the third spring 42 is fixedly connected to the protruding portion of the sliding sleeve 12, the bump 43 is fixedly connected.

When the second spring 35 drives the pressing plate 13 to move upwards, the pressing plate 13 pushes the lower portion of the swinging rod 40 to move upwards through the fourth roller 41, the upper portion of the swinging rod 40 moves downwards along with the swinging rod, at the moment, the third spring 42 is stretched, the upper portion of the swinging rod 40 pushes the baffle 38 to rotate downwards through the connecting rod 39, the tobacco divided into segments falls onto the conveying crawler 10 from the opening of the feeding pot 37, when the swinging plate 33 pushes the pressing plate 13 to move downwards, the pressing plate 13 does not push the fourth roller 41 any more, at the moment, the third spring 42 drives the swinging rod 40 to reset, the swinging rod 40 drives the baffle 38 through the connecting rod 39 to block the lower end opening of the feeding pot 37 again, and therefore the intermittent automatic feeding function is achieved.

While the disclosure has been described with respect to a limited number of embodiments, those skilled in the art, having benefit of this disclosure, will appreciate that various other embodiments can be devised which do not depart from the scope of the invention as disclosed herein. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the attached claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automatic change tobacco leaf compaction shred device which characterized by, including:

the conveying device comprises a bottom plate (1) and a conveying mechanism, wherein the conveying mechanism is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (1);

the side wall of the bottom plate (1) is fixedly connected with a pressing mechanism, and the pressing mechanism is in contact with the conveying mechanism;

the bottom plate (1) is fixedly connected with a shredding mechanism, and the shredding mechanism is in contact with the conveying mechanism.

2. An automated tobacco compaction and shredding apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the conveying mechanism comprises a motor base (2), a servo motor (3), a supporting base (4), a connecting shaft (5), a first helical gear (6), a second helical gear (7), a rotating base (8), a driving wheel (9) and a conveying crawler (10), wherein the motor base (2) is fixedly connected to a bottom plate (1), the servo motor (3) is mounted on the motor base (2), the supporting base (4) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (1), the connecting shaft (5) is mounted on an output shaft of the servo motor (3), the connecting shaft (5) is rotatably connected to the supporting base (4), the first helical gear (6) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (5), two rotating bases (8) are fixedly connected to the side wall of the bottom plate (1), the driving wheels (9) are rotatably connected to the rotating bases (8), and the conveying crawler (10) is wound on the two driving wheels (9), one of the driving wheels (9) is fixedly connected with a second bevel gear (7), and the second bevel gear (7) is meshed with the first bevel gear (6).

3. An automated tobacco compaction and shredding apparatus as claimed in claim 2, wherein: pressing means is including bearing plate (11), sliding sleeve (12) and press board (13), the rigid coupling has bearing plate (11) on bottom plate (1) lateral wall, bearing plate (11) and conveying track (10) contact, bottom plate (1) rigid coupling has sliding sleeve (12), it wears to be equipped with in sliding sleeve (12) and presses board (13), press board (13) can contact with conveying track (10).

4. An automated tobacco compaction and shredding apparatus as claimed in claim 3, wherein: shredding mechanism is including mount (14), rotation cutter (15), minor axis (16), rocking arm (17), rotation wheel (18), intermittent type wheel (19) and transfer corridor (20), the rigid coupling has mount (14) on bottom plate (1), it is connected with minor axis (16) to rotate on mount (14), the rigid coupling has rotation cutter (15) on minor axis (16), the rigid coupling has rocking arm (17) on connecting axle (5), connecting axle (5) tip rigid coupling has rotation wheel (18), the rigid coupling has intermittent type wheel (19) on minor axis (16), rocking arm (17) can cooperate with intermittent type wheel (19), mount (14) one side rigid coupling has transfer corridor (20), transfer corridor (20) are located transfer caterpillar (10) top.

5. An automated tobacco compaction and shredding apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the device is characterized by further comprising a first gear (21), a triangular vertical plate (22), a second gear (23), a rotating shaft (24), a reduction gearbox (25), a cam (26), a slide way (27), a moving rod (28), a first roller (29), a second roller (30), a first spring (31), a supporting rod (32), a swinging plate (33), a third roller (34) and a second spring (35), wherein the first gear (21) is fixedly connected to the connecting shaft (5), the triangular vertical plate (22) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (1), the rotating shaft (24) is rotatably connected to the triangular vertical plate (22), the second gear (23) is fixedly connected to the end of the rotating shaft (24), the second gear (23) is meshed with the first gear (21), the reduction gearbox (25) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (1), and the end of the rotating shaft (24) is connected to an input shaft of the reduction gearbox (25), the device is characterized in that a cam (26) is fixedly connected to an output shaft of the reduction gearbox (25), a slide way (27) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (1), a moving rod (28) penetrates through the slide way (27) in a sliding mode, a first roller (29) is installed at one end of the moving rod (28), a second roller (30) is installed at the other end of the moving rod (28), a first spring (31) is sleeved on the moving rod (28), one end of the first spring (31) is in contact with the slide way (27), the other end of the first spring is in contact with the second roller (30), a supporting rod (32) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (1), a swinging plate (33) is hinged to the supporting rod (32), a third roller (34) is installed at the end portion of the pressing plate (13), a second spring (35) is sleeved on the pressing plate (13), one end of the second spring (35) is in contact with the, both ends of the swing plate (33) are in contact with the first roller (29) and the third roller (34), respectively.

6. An automated tobacco compaction and shredding apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the material feeding device is characterized by further comprising a clamping seat (36), a material discharging pot (37), a baffle (38), a connecting rod (39), a swinging rod (40), a fourth roller (41), a third spring (42) and a convex block (43), wherein the clamping seat (36) is fixedly connected to the bottom plate (1), the material discharging pot (37) is clamped in the clamping seat (36), the baffle (38) is rotatably connected to one side of the material discharging pot (37), the connecting rod (39) is rotatably connected to one side of the baffle (38), the swinging rod (40) is hinged to the end of the connecting rod (39), the fourth roller (41) is mounted at the end of the swinging rod (40), the fourth roller (41) is in contact with the pressing plate (13), the third spring (42) is arranged on one side of the swinging rod (40), one end of the third spring (42) is fixedly connected to the swinging rod (40), the other end of the third spring is fixedly connected to the convex part of the sliding sleeve (12), and the convex block (43), the swing rod (40) is rotatably connected to the cam (43).