CN111642286A - Agricultural ecological greenhouse and new energy closed-loop type comprehensive energy-saving system - Google Patents

Agricultural ecological greenhouse and new energy closed-loop type comprehensive energy-saving system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111642286A
CN111642286A CN202010602546.XA CN202010602546A CN111642286A CN 111642286 A CN111642286 A CN 111642286A CN 202010602546 A CN202010602546 A CN 202010602546A CN 111642286 A CN111642286 A CN 111642286A
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China
Prior art keywords
light
light transmission
energy
photovoltaic
greenhouse
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CN202010602546.XA
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王尚琴
邹方青
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Shaoxing Millie Agricultural Technology Co ltd
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Shaoxing Millie Agricultural Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202010602546.XA priority Critical patent/CN111642286A/en
Publication of CN111642286A publication Critical patent/CN111642286A/en
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/14—Greenhouses
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/243—Collecting solar energy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/247—Watering arrangements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/249—Lighting means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
    • A01G9/24—Devices or systems for heating, ventilating, regulating temperature, illuminating, or watering, in greenhouses, forcing-frames, or the like
    • A01G9/26—Electric devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/12—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries using renewable energies, e.g. solar water pumping
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/14—Measures for saving energy, e.g. in green houses

Abstract

The invention discloses an agricultural ecological greenhouse, which comprises a roof and a supporting piece for supporting the roof, wherein the roof comprises an energy block, and the energy block comprises a light transmission part and an energy part surrounding the periphery of the light transmission part; the light transmission part comprises a first light transmission body and a first soft film, a first light transmission cavity is formed in the first light transmission body, the first soft film is fixed in the first light transmission cavity and divides the first light transmission cavity into an air cavity and a liquid cavity, and the periphery of the air cavity is sunken for containing temperature control evaporation liquid; the energy part comprises a photovoltaic plate and a second light transmission body fixed on the photovoltaic plate, a second light transmission cavity is formed in the second light transmission body, and light irradiates on the photovoltaic plate through the second light transmission cavity. When the sunlight is weak, the effect of enhancing the illumination of crops is realized, and the light can be supplemented to an artificial light source supplied to an agricultural ecological greenhouse through the power generation of the energy source part; when the sunlight is strong, the illumination to the crops is reduced, the crops are prevented from being sunburned, and energy can be stored by generating electricity through the energy source part.

Description

Agricultural ecological greenhouse and new energy closed-loop type comprehensive energy-saving system
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural ecology, and particularly relates to an agricultural ecological greenhouse and a new energy closed-loop type comprehensive energy-saving system.
Background
The agricultural greenhouse mainly has the function of providing a more suitable growing environment for crops in the agricultural greenhouse, the greenhouse in the prior art is mainly used as a greenhouse, namely, a proper growing temperature is built for the plants in the greenhouse in a cold season, but the most common prior art does not help the growth of the crops in summer.
In summer, particularly at noon, under the direct action of sunlight, the surface temperature of the ground in a farmland can easily reach more than 50 ℃, the temperature of crop leaves can also reach about 40 ℃, in hot seasons, the temperature of the plant leaves is higher than the normal growth temperature, air holes in the leaves are closed, so that cells cannot exchange gas with the outside, the photosynthesis intensity is reduced, and the biological angle also shows that the photosynthesis can be inhibited by too high illumination intensity. In addition, too strong sunlight can even cause the leaves of crops to be burned by the sun, which is not beneficial to the rapid growth of the crops.
In the prior art, the agricultural ecological greenhouse has some defects when crops are planted: 1. the greenhouse is suitable for providing the growth period of crops and increasing the yield of the crops in seasons unsuitable for plant growth, is used for cultivating or growing seedlings of plants such as warm vegetables, flowers and trees in low-temperature seasons, has accurate requirements on the growth environment of the planted crops, and needs to guarantee the quality detection of the vegetables. However, the existing greenhouse is generally heated, watered, ventilated and the like by manpower, and is lack of accuracy and scientific basis. 2. Present agricultural greenhouse is planted, and other a series of problems such as power resource exist comparatively extensively, are used for awaiting solution.
The greenhouse in China is the first in area in the world, except for simple equipment such as medium and small public greenhouses, the plastic greenhouse occupies most of the greenhouse, the inclination angle of a roof of the greenhouse is designed to take the solar incident angle into consideration, solar energy can be greatly applied to heat the greenhouse, normal growth of crops in the greenhouse is guaranteed, and fresh vegetables are eaten in winter in the north as a contribution. The management of most of the existing greenhouses in China is manual operation, the mode is time-consuming and labor-consuming, a new development direction is brought to the agricultural greenhouses along with the development of the photovoltaic industry, electric energy is provided for the agricultural greenhouses through photovoltaic power generation, energy is saved, the temperature, humidity and illumination conditions in the agricultural greenhouses have great influence on crops, and the growth efficiency of the crops can be improved in a suitable greenhouse environment.
In summary, although the summer noon has the strongest illumination, the photosynthesis effect of the crops in the period is very poor, and even the photosynthesis effect is only equal to the respiration effect, namely the growth of the crops is very slow in the summer noon. Therefore, an agricultural ecological greenhouse capable of increasing the growth speed of crops in the afternoon in summer and a new energy agricultural ecological greenhouse capable of generating electricity through photovoltaic power are urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an agricultural ecological greenhouse which can generate new energy while regulating illumination to control the growth of plants through photovoltaic power generation and agricultural organic integration.
An agroecological greenhouse comprising a roof and a support for supporting the roof;
the roof comprises a plurality of energy blocks, and each energy block comprises a light-transmitting part and an energy part surrounding the periphery of the light-transmitting part;
the light transmission part comprises a first light transmission body and a first soft film, a first light transmission cavity is formed in the first light transmission body, the first soft film is fixed in the first light transmission cavity and divides the first light transmission cavity into an air cavity and a liquid cavity, and the periphery of the air cavity is sunken for containing temperature control evaporation liquid;
the energy part comprises a photovoltaic plate and a second light transmission body fixed on the photovoltaic plate, a second light transmission cavity is formed in the second light transmission body, and light rays pass through the second light transmission cavity and irradiate on the photovoltaic plate.
A new energy closed-loop comprehensive energy-saving system comprises the agricultural ecological greenhouse, a photovoltaic control system, an environment monitoring system and a central control system;
the photovoltaic control system is used for controlling the opening and closing of the photovoltaic panel and supplying power energy generated by the photovoltaic panel to the agricultural ecological greenhouse;
the environment monitoring system comprises a wireless sensing unit and an environment regulation and control unit which are arranged in the agricultural ecological greenhouse;
the wireless sensing unit is used for collecting various environmental parameters in the agricultural ecological greenhouse, and the various environmental parameters comprise the pH value of soil, the temperature and humidity of the soil, the temperature and humidity of air and the CO of the air in the agricultural ecological greenhouse2Concentration and light intensity;
the environment regulation and control unit comprises a spraying and drip irrigation device for irrigating and fertilizing crops, a ventilation device for ventilating the agricultural ecological greenhouse and a light supplement device for providing illumination for the growth of the crops, and the spraying and drip irrigation device, the ventilation device and the light supplement device are all powered by the photovoltaic control system;
the central control system comprises a control central which is in communication connection with the photovoltaic control system and the environment monitoring system and is used for acquiring electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel, distributing the electric energy to the whole system and acquiring various environmental parameters in the agricultural ecological greenhouse to realize monitoring of crop growth.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the agricultural ecological greenhouse provided by the invention, when sunlight is weak, the light gathering effect of the light-transmitting part on light rays is enhanced, so that the effect of enhancing illumination on crops is realized, and light can be supplemented for an artificial light source supplied into the agricultural ecological greenhouse through power generation of the energy part; when sunlight is strong, the light transmission part has strong light diffusion effect, so that illumination to crops is reduced, the crops are prevented from being sunburned, and energy can be stored by power generation of the energy source part.
2. According to the new energy closed-loop comprehensive energy-saving system provided by the invention, the photovoltaic control system is used for controlling the opening and closing of the photovoltaic panel, when an object needs to be collected, the photovoltaic panel is controlled to be opened, and the light transmission part and the light supplementing device can improve the adjustment required by crop photosynthesis; when the external climate change needs to protect crops, the photovoltaic panel is controlled to be closed, the environment detection system monitors the growth environment parameters in the greenhouse, and the central control system controls the light supplement device and the ventilation device to work together with the spraying and drip irrigation device, so that the optimal growth condition is achieved.
3. The new energy closed-loop comprehensive energy-saving system provided by the invention generates electricity through the photovoltaic control system and feeds the electricity back to the agricultural ecological greenhouse to provide energy, so that comprehensive utilization and organic cycle of the energy are realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall view of an agroecological greenhouse provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of an alternative energy block provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an alternative light-transmitting portion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an alternative light-transmissive portion provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an alternative light-transmissive portion provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an alternative energy source provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cover of FIG. 6 after opening;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the cover of FIG. 6 after the second body has been moved;
FIG. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the second body moving after the cover is opened according to an alternative embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an alternative energy source provided by an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 11 is a logic framework diagram of a new energy closed-loop type integrated energy saving system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
1 chamber top, 10 energy blocks,
101 light transmission part, 1010 first light transmission body, 10100 first light transmission cavity, 10100a air cavity, 10100b liquid cavity, 10100c partition rib, 1011 first soft film, 1012 crystal bar,
102 energy part, 1020 photovoltaic panel, 10200 plate body, 10200a light gathering groove, 10201 cover plate, 1021 second light transmission body, 10210 second light transmission cavity, 104 frame, 1040 window,
2 a support member.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Agricultural ecological greenhouse
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, the agricultural ecological greenhouse provided by the present invention includes a roof 1, and a support 2 for supporting the roof;
the chamber top 1 comprises a plurality of energy blocks 10, and each energy block 10 comprises a light transmission part 101 and an energy part 102 surrounding the light transmission part 101;
the light transmission part 101 comprises a first light transmission body 1010 and a first soft film 1011 (wherein the temperature control evaporation liquid is a high-temperature evaporation liquid which is completely in a liquid state when the temperature is low, and is evaporated into a gas state when the temperature is high), a first light transmission cavity 10100 is formed in the first light transmission body 1010, the first soft film 1011 is fixed in the first light transmission cavity 10100 and divides the interior of the first light transmission cavity 10100 into an air cavity 10100a and a liquid cavity 10100b, and the periphery of the air cavity 10100a is recessed to contain the temperature control evaporation liquid;
the energy portion 102 includes a photovoltaic panel 1020 and a second light-transmitting body 1021 fixed on the photovoltaic panel 1020, a second light-transmitting cavity 10210 is formed in the second light-transmitting body 1021, and light irradiates the photovoltaic panel 1020 through the second light-transmitting cavity 10210.
According to the agricultural ecological greenhouse provided by the invention, as the annular bag is filled with the temperature control evaporating liquid, when the air temperature is low and the sunlight is weak, the temperature control evaporating liquid is completely in a liquid state, so that the pressure in the air cavity of the first light transmission cavity is low, the pressure of the lower liquid cavity enables the first flexible film to be in a contracted state, and the light is refracted by the first light transmission body to generate a gathering effect, so that the photosynthesis to crops is enhanced; when temperature is higher and sunlight is stronger, temperature control evaporating liquid receives and evaporates into the air cavity for first mantle expands to the liquid cavity direction, makes the scattering effect reinforcing after light refracts through first printing opacity body, thereby reduces direct irradiation and as last light density, reduces the surface temperature on the crop blade surface, avoids the gas pocket closure of blade and leads to photosynthesis to reduce, reduces the sunburn to the crop simultaneously, improves the photosynthesis efficiency as. Similarly, the second light-transmitting cavity can collect the transmitted light and then irradiate the light on the photovoltaic panel, so that the photovoltaic panel 1020 can collect the solar light to generate electricity.
Specifically, the whole light transmission part 101 is transparent, and one surface of the first light transmission body 1010 is formed into an arc shape protruding outwards, so that external solar rays can be conveniently gathered on the first light transmission body 1010. The housing of the first light-transmitting body 1010 may be made of a transparent hard material. A partition rib 10100c protrudes from the inside of the first light-transmitting body 1010, and a gap is left between the outer circumference of the partition rib 10100c and the outer case of the first light-transmitting body 1010. The first flexible film 1011 is fixed and covered on the partition rib 10100c, so that the first flexible film 1011, the partition rib 10100c and the outer shell of the first light-transmitting body 1010 below the first flexible film 1011 enclose a synthetic liquid cavity 10100 b; the first flexible film 1011 and the outer shell of the floating first light transmitting body 1010 enclose a synthetic gas cavity 10100 a. A gap is left between the periphery of the partition rib 10100c and the outer shell of the first light transmitting body 1010, namely, a concave part of the air cavity 10100a is used for containing the temperature-controlled evaporating liquid.
In order to further change the refractive index of the liquid cavity 10100b to light, saturated potassium nitrate solution is filled in the liquid cavity 10100 b. When the air temperature is low and the sunlight is weak, the saturated potassium nitrate solution is partially separated out, the density is low, the refractive index to the light is small, the diffusion effect to the light penetrating through the liquid cavity 10100b is low, and by matching with the air cavity above the saturated potassium nitrate solution, the saturated potassium nitrate solution can generate a gathering effect after being refracted by the first light transmission body 1010, so that the photosynthesis to crops is enhanced; when temperature is higher and sunlight is stronger, the potassium nitrate solubility increase, its density increase, to the refraction effect reinforcing of light, to the effect that the light that sees through produced the transmission, therefore can reduce direct irradiation and as last light density, reduce the surface temperature on the crop blade surface, avoid the gas pocket closure of blade and lead to photosynthesis to reduce, reduce the sunburn to the crop simultaneously, improve the photosynthesis efficiency of conduct.
Further, the light transmission part 101 includes a crystal bar 1012 disposed at an edge of the liquid chamber 10100b, and the crystal bar is used to provide crystal nuclei for potassium nitrate crystallization in the liquid chamber 10100 b. Preferably, the liquid cavity 10100b is located the agricultural ecological greenhouse surface and is the concave surface shape, the crystal bar 1012 extends to the concave surface center by the bottom all around of concave surface to its extension end is unsettled in the liquid cavity 10100b, so, when the temperature is low, can make in the liquid cavity 10100b precipitate behind the potassium nitrate along crystal bar 1012 grow and gather in the peripheral edge of the concave surface of liquid cavity 10100b, avoid it to precipitate in the central authorities of liquid cavity 10100b and shelter from the light, and the concave surface of liquid cavity 10100b itself has the effect of gathering light.
Further, the second light transmissive body 1021 is transparent, and the second light transmissive cavity 10210 is filled with a temperature-controlled evaporation liquid. The housing of the second light-transmitting body 1021 is also made of transparent hard material. When the air temperature is low and the solar ray is weak, the temperature control evaporation liquid is completely in a liquid state, so that the pressure in the air cavity of the second light transmission cavity 10210 is low, when the light irradiates into the second light transmission cavity 10210, the light firstly passes through the gaseous phase and then passes through the liquid phase, namely, after twice refraction, the light can be focused and irradiated on the photovoltaic panel 1020, the energy of the light is concentrated, and higher energy density is provided for the power generation of the photovoltaic panel 1020. When the temperature is higher and the sunlight is stronger, the temperature control evaporated liquid is evaporated to enter the gaseous phase, the gaseous phase thickness is increased, the liquid phase thickness is reduced, the concentration effect of the light after twice refraction is correspondingly reduced, and the phenomenon that the light irradiates the overhigh temperature on the surface of the photovoltaic panel 1020 to influence the service life of the photovoltaic panel can be avoided.
Preferably, the photovoltaic panel 1020 includes a panel body 10200 in which the light collecting groove 10200a is formed, and the second light transmitting body 1021 is fixed in the light collecting groove 10200a with a gap from the bottom surface of the light collecting groove 10200 a.
Preferably, the second light transmitting body 1021 is spherical, the distance between the second light transmitting body 1021 and the bottom surface of the light collecting groove 10200a is equal to the focal length of the refracted light of the second light transmitting body 1021, and the bottom surface of the light collecting groove 10200a is a power generation bottom surface on which the photovoltaic cell piece is laid, so that the light can be better collected on the photovoltaic cell piece on the bottom surface of the light collecting groove 10200a through the second light transmitting body 1021, the energy density is higher, and the power generation efficiency is better.
Optionally, the second light-transmitting body 1021 is movably connected to the light-gathering groove 10200a, and the energy block 10 further includes a first driving member (not shown in the drawings) embedded in the plate 10200, the second light-transmitting body 1021 is connected to an output end of the first driving member (not shown in the drawings), and the first driving member (not shown in the drawings) drives the second light-transmitting body 1021 to move along a direction perpendicular to the bottom surface of the light-gathering groove 10200 a. So can adjust the distance of second printing opacity body 1021 and photovoltaic cell piece, so can adjust the projection effect of light through second printing opacity body 1021, guarantee to shine the light energy on the photovoltaic cell piece and reach great density.
In a further embodiment, the energy source block 10 further comprises a frame 104, the frame 104 is fixed on the support member 2; the frame 104 is provided with a plurality of windows 1040, each window 1040 corresponds to one energy block 10, the center of each window 1040 is connected with a light-transmitting part 101, and the periphery of each window 1040 is provided with photovoltaic panels 1020; each window 1040 corresponds to a photovoltaic panel 1020, and each photovoltaic panel 1020 is movably connected to an edge of the window 1040 and can be movably covered on the window 1040.
In order to adjust the height of the light-transmitting portion within the window 1040, in a further embodiment, the light-transmitting portion 101 is movably connected to the center of the window 1040. The energy block 10 further includes a second driving member (not shown in the drawings), the light transmission portion 101 is connected to an output end of the second driving member (not shown in the drawings), and the second driving member (not shown in the drawings) drives the light transmission portion 101 to move in a direction perpendicular to the top surface of the chamber, so that the height of the light transmission portion 101 relative to the crop can be adjusted, and the relative position relationship between the light transmission portion 101 and the energy portion 102 can be adjusted, and the light transmission portion 101 is prevented from being shielded and interfered by the energy portion 102.
The energy block 10 further includes a third driving member (not shown in the drawings), one end of the photovoltaic panel 1020 is pivoted to an edge of the window 1040, and the other end of the photovoltaic panel 1020 is fixed to an output end of the third driving member (not shown in the drawings), and the third driving member (not shown in the drawings) drives the photovoltaic panel 1020 to movably cover the window 1040. When crops in the agricultural ecological greenhouse do not need to be irradiated, such as at night, in rainy days or when heat preservation is needed in the greenhouse, the photovoltaic panel 1020 is driven to movably cover the window 1040 through a third driving piece (not shown in the attached drawings) so as to separate the inside and the outside of the greenhouse.
Specifically, each window 1040 may be circular or square, and the shape and number of photovoltaic panels 1020 may be adapted to the shape of the windows 1040. When the windows 1040 are rounded, the photovoltaic panels 1020 are triangular, (so as to reduce interference with the central light-transmitting portion 101), a plurality of photovoltaic panels 1020 are correspondingly disposed in each window 1040, the bottom edge of each photovoltaic panel 1020 is pivoted to the edge of the window 1040, and the corner portion extends toward the center of the window 1040, and a third driving member (not shown in the figure) drives the plurality of photovoltaic panels 1020 to rotate to be spliced above the corresponding window 1040, so as to cover the window 1040. When the windows 1040 are square, the photovoltaic panels 1030 are triangular (to reduce interference with the central light-transmitting portion 101), four photovoltaic panels 1020 are disposed in each window 1040, one end of each photovoltaic panel 1020 is pivoted to one side edge of the window 1040, the other end of each photovoltaic panel 1020 extends toward the center of the window 1040, and a third driving member (not shown in the figure) drives the four photovoltaic panels 1020 to rotate to be spliced above the corresponding window 1040. Preferably, the window 1040 is square shaped and the photovoltaic panel 1030 is also square shaped.
Further, the energy source block 10 further includes a fourth driving member (not shown in the drawings), and a cover plate 10201 connected to an output end of the fourth driving member (not shown in the drawings). Specifically, a fourth driving member (not shown) drives the cover plate 10201 to movably cover the opening of the light-gathering groove 10200 a. When power generation is not needed, for example, in rainy days or severe weather, the photovoltaic cell in the light-gathering groove 10200a needs to be protected, at this time, the first driving member (not shown in the drawings) drives the second light-transmitting body 1021 to move into the light-gathering groove 10200a, and the fourth driving member (not shown in the drawings) drives the cover plate 10201 to movably cover the opening of the light-gathering groove 10200a so as to protect the second light-transmitting body 1021 and the photovoltaic cell.
New energy closed-loop type comprehensive energy-saving system
The invention also provides a new energy closed-loop comprehensive energy-saving system which comprises the agricultural ecological greenhouse, the photovoltaic control system, the environment monitoring system and the central control system;
the agricultural ecological greenhouse provides the environment and soil for crop growth, and is used as the support of the photovoltaic panel, so that the crop growth is met, and meanwhile, the energy block at the top of the agricultural ecological greenhouse can be used for generating electricity;
the photovoltaic control system is used for controlling the power energy generated by the photovoltaic panel to supply power to the agricultural ecological greenhouse or converting surplus electric energy into alternating current to be merged into an external power grid;
the environment monitoring system comprises a wireless sensing unit and an environment regulation and control unit which are arranged in the agricultural ecological greenhouse;
the wireless sensing unit is used for collecting various environmental parameters in the agricultural ecological greenhouse, and the various environmental parameters comprise the pH value of soil, the temperature and humidity of the soil, the temperature and humidity of air and CO of the air in the agricultural ecological greenhouse2Concentration and light intensity; the various environmental parameters can be obtained by corresponding sensors, such as soil pH electrode, temperature and humidity instrument, and CO2Acquiring by a probe and a light intensity probe;
the environment regulation and control unit comprises a spraying and drip irrigation device for irrigating and fertilizing crops, a ventilation device for ventilating the agricultural ecological greenhouse and a light supplementing device for providing illumination for the growth of the crops;
the central control system comprises a control central which is in communication connection with the photovoltaic control system and the environment monitoring system, and the control central is used for acquiring electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel, distributing the electric energy to the whole system and acquiring various environment parameters in the agricultural ecological greenhouse to realize monitoring of crop growth.
The new energy closed-loop comprehensive energy-saving system provided by the invention adjusts the growth links and growth processes of crops from the links of temperature, humidity, illumination, light supplement, sun shading, monitoring and the like of an agricultural ecological greenhouse, improves the crop multiple cropping index and increases the yield of crops in unit area. Meanwhile, the agricultural ecological greenhouse is intelligently regulated and controlled through the photovoltaic control system, the greenhouse lighting is met, meanwhile, the photovoltaic panel can be used for generating electricity, the generated energy can be stored and incorporated into a power grid as electric energy, the electricity consumption of the greenhouse can also be provided, the energy circulation of the greenhouse is realized, and therefore a closed-loop comprehensive energy-saving mode is realized.
In a specific embodiment, as shown in fig. 11, in the agricultural bio-greenhouse, a first driving member (not shown in the drawings) drives a second light-transmitting body 1021 to move in a light-gathering groove 10200a, a second driving member (not shown in the drawings) drives a light-transmitting portion 101 to move in a direction perpendicular to a top surface of the greenhouse, a third driving member (not shown in the drawings) drives a photovoltaic panel 1020 to movably cover a window 1040, and a fourth driving member (not shown in the drawings) drives a cover plate 10201 to cover an opening of the light-gathering groove 10200 a. The first driving element (not shown in the drawings), the second driving element (not shown in the drawings), the third driving element (not shown in the drawings) and the fourth driving element (not shown in the drawings) can be all numerical control motors, the first driving element (not shown in the drawings), the second driving element (not shown in the drawings) and the third driving element (not shown in the drawings) are all in communication connection with the control center, and the control center correspondingly controls the opening, closing and partial opening of the first driving element (not shown in the drawings), the second driving element (not shown in the drawings) and the third driving element (not shown in the drawings) through preset instructions.
For the switch of the first driving member (not shown in the drawings) and the operation of the second light transmitting body 1021, the control center can send an opening control command to the first driving member (not shown in the drawings), so that the second light transmitting body 1021 moves out of the light collection groove 10200a to be movable inward. The control center can set the distance between the corresponding second light transmitting body 1021 and the bottom surface of the light gathering groove 10200a, namely the distance between the corresponding second light transmitting body 1021 and the photovoltaic cell according to daily illumination and time length, acquire the actual distance between the second light transmitting body 1021 and the bottom surface of the light gathering groove 10200a, send a control command to the first driving part (not shown in the figure) after judgment, control the working time or the rotating angle (for the stepping motor) of the first driving part (not shown in the figure), so that the second light transmitting body 1021 moves to the preset distance, feed back a signal to the control center by the first driving part (not shown in the figure), and send the control command to close the first driving part (not shown in the figure) to stop working.
For the opening and closing of the second driving element (not shown in the figure) and the operation of the light transmission part 101, the control center can send an opening control command to the second driving element (not shown in the figure), so that the light transmission part 101 can move to the outside of the greenhouse and also can move to the inside of the greenhouse. The control center can set the distance between the corresponding light transmission part 101 and the greenhouse ground according to daily illumination and time length, acquire the actual distance between the light transmission part 101 and the greenhouse ground, send a control command to the second driving part (not shown in the figure) after judgment, control the working time or rotation angle (for the stepping motor) of the second driving part (not shown in the figure), make the second light transmission body 105 move to the preset distance, the second driving part (not shown in the figure) feeds back a signal to the control center, and the control center sends the control command to make the second driving part (not shown in the figure) close and stop working.
For the action of the switch of the third driving element (not shown in the drawings) and the photovoltaic panel 1020, the control center can send an opening control command to the third driving element (not shown in the drawings), so that the photovoltaic panel 1020 covers the window 1040, or the pivot joint of the window 1040 can rotate to a certain angle, so that the window 1040 is opened, and the photovoltaic panel 1020 can receive the irradiation of the sunlight by keeping a certain inclination angle. The control center can set the inclination angle of the corresponding photovoltaic panel 1020 and the roof 1 surface according to daily illumination and time length, acquire the actual inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel 1020 and the roof 1 surface, send a control command to a third driving element (not shown in the figure) after judgment, control the working time or the working rotation angle (for the stepping motor) of the third driving element (not shown in the figure), enable the photovoltaic panel 1020 to rotate to a preset angle, feed back a signal to the control center by the third driving element (not shown in the figure), and send the control command to enable the third driving element (not shown in the figure) to be closed and stop working.
For the operations of the switch of the fourth driver (not shown in the drawings) and the cover 10201, the control center can send an opening control command to the fourth driver (not shown in the drawings), so that the cover 10201 covers the opening of the light-gathering groove 10200a, and the cover 10201 is also opened to make the opening of the light-gathering groove 10200a leak out, so that the second light-transmitting body 1021 receives light, or the second light-transmitting body 1021 moves out of the light-gathering groove 10200a to adjust the distance between the second light-transmitting body 1021 and the bottom surface of the light-gathering groove 10200 a. Specifically, the cover 10201 can be made of a flexible material, such as a flexible cloth in the form of a rolling curtain, which is wound on a reel, the reel is connected to an output end of a fourth driving member (not shown in the drawings), and the fourth driving member (not shown in the drawings) operates to rotate the reel, so as to drive the rolling curtain to be wound on the reel or to be unwound to cover the opening of the light-gathering groove 10200 a. The control center can set the corresponding closing or opening time of the cover plate 10201 according to the daily illumination and time length, acquire the actual illumination condition and time, send a control command to a fourth driving part (not shown in the figure) after judgment, control the working time or rotation angle (for the stepping motor) of the fourth driving part (not shown in the figure) to close or open the cover plate 10201, feed back a signal to the control center by the fourth driving part (not shown in the figure), and send the control command to close the fourth driving part (not shown in the figure) and stop working.
Therefore, through the explanation of the above embodiment, the first driving part, the second driving part, the third driving part and the fourth driving part respectively drive the second light transmission body, the light transmission part, the photovoltaic plate and the cover plate to act, and the control center sends a control instruction to the corresponding driving part, so that the lighting and photovoltaic power generation control of the agricultural ecological greenhouse can be realized, and an intelligent control hardware system is established for the internal energy conservation and circulation of the agricultural ecological greenhouse.
In a specific embodiment, the photovoltaic control system comprises a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic controller, a storage battery and an inverter, the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells, the photovoltaic cells are used for converting the energy of the solar rays passing through the second light-transmitting body into electric energy to be stored in the storage battery, the photovoltaic controller is used for controlling the charging and discharging of the storage battery and controlling the inverter to convert the electric energy surplus by the storage battery into alternating current to be merged into an external power grid, and the photovoltaic controller is in communication connection with the control center. Specifically, the power utilization information in the greenhouse can be acquired through the photovoltaic controller, the power utilization information is sent to the control center, and the control center sends a corresponding preset control instruction after judgment and sends the control instruction to the photovoltaic controller.
Typically, the photovoltaic control system further comprises a dc load and a cross-linking load. For the present invention, a dc load is mainly used. For example, the light supplement lamp can be controlled to be turned on by the control center when external lighting is insufficient, so that a light source for more sufficient crop growth is provided, and energy of the light supplement lamp comes from the storage battery. Such as a probe for detecting the pH value of the soil, powered by a storage battery, for detectionThe pH values of the soil and the soil are transmitted to the control center, and when the actual pH value of the soil exceeds the acceptable range, a prompt can be sent. Such as soil temperature and humidity probe, air temperature and humidity probe, CO control2The probe and the light intensity sensor can be used as direct current loads, are in communication connection with the control center, are controlled by the control center and respectively carry out control on soil temperature and humidity, air temperature and humidity and air CO2Various environmental parameters such as concentration, light intensity and the like are monitored so as to obtain environmental factors required by crop growth, and the control center judges the various environmental parameters so as to send corresponding control instructions to the environment regulation and control unit, such as controlling a spraying and drip irrigation device to irrigate and fertilize crops, controlling a ventilation device to provide illumination for the crop growth and controlling a light supplement device to provide illumination for the crop growth, or sending warning and reminding information.
The control center is in communication connection with the photovoltaic control system and the environment monitoring system through the Internet of things which is constructed by radio frequency identification, infrared induction, a Beidou system and a laser scanner according to an agreed protocol, or in communication connection through effective connection.
In a further embodiment, an input/output control terminal may be further provided, for example, based on an existing mobile phone, a PC, or other terminal. Therefore, the internet of things network is constructed through the sensor and the control center, the control over the agricultural ecological greenhouse and the photovoltaic control system is realized, the environment regulation and control unit regulates and controls the crops in the greenhouse to provide the best growth conditions, the photovoltaic power generation is realized, and the energy recycling and utilization are realized.
The above-described embodiments of the present invention should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical idea of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An agricultural ecological greenhouse, which is characterized by comprising a roof and a support for supporting the roof;
the roof comprises a plurality of energy blocks, and each energy block comprises a light-transmitting part and an energy part surrounding the periphery of the light-transmitting part;
the light transmission part comprises a first light transmission body and a soft film, a first light transmission cavity is formed in the first light transmission body, the first soft film is fixed in the first light transmission cavity and divides the first light transmission cavity into an air cavity and a liquid cavity, and the periphery of the air cavity is recessed to contain temperature control evaporation liquid;
the energy part comprises a photovoltaic plate and a second light transmission body fixed on the photovoltaic plate, a second light transmission cavity is formed in the second light transmission body, and light rays pass through the second light transmission cavity and irradiate on the photovoltaic plate.
2. The agroecological greenhouse of claim 1, wherein the liquid cavity is filled with a potassium nitrate solution, and the second light-transmitting cavity is filled with a temperature-controlled evaporating liquid.
3. The agroecological greenhouse of claim 2, wherein the light-transmitting portion comprises a crystal bar disposed at an edge of the liquid chamber, and the crystal bar is used for providing a crystal nucleus for potassium nitrate to crystallize in the liquid chamber.
4. The agro-ecological greenhouse of claim 3, wherein the photovoltaic panel comprises a panel body formed with a light-gathering groove, and the second light-transmitting body is connected to the light-gathering groove with a gap from the bottom surface of the light-gathering groove.
5. The agroecological greenhouse of claim 4, wherein the second light-transmitting body is spherical, and the distance between the second light-transmitting body and the bottom surface of the light-gathering groove is equal to the focal length of the refracted light of the second light-transmitting body, and the bottom surface of the light-gathering groove is a power generation bottom surface on which a photovoltaic cell is laid.
6. An agroecological greenhouse as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said energy source further comprises a frame, said frame being secured to said support; the frame is provided with a plurality of windows, the center of each window is fixedly provided with the light transmission part, and the periphery of each window is provided with the photovoltaic panel; each photovoltaic panel is movably connected to the edge of the window and can be movably covered on the window.
7. The agroecological greenhouse of claim 6, wherein the energy block further comprises a first drive member, a second drive member, a third drive member, a fourth drive member, and a cover plate connected to an output end of the fourth drive member;
the second light transmission body is movably connected in the light gathering groove and is also connected with the output end of the first driving piece, and the first driving piece drives the second light transmission body to move along the direction vertical to the bottom surface of the light gathering groove;
the light transmission part is movably connected to the center of the window and is also connected with the output end of the second driving part, and the second driving part drives the light transmission part to move along the direction vertical to the top surface of the chamber;
one end of the photovoltaic panel is pivoted to the edge of the window, the other end of the photovoltaic panel is fixed to the output end of the third driving piece, and the third driving piece drives the photovoltaic panel to movably cover the window;
the fourth driving piece drives the cover plate to movably cover the opening of the light gathering groove.
8. A new energy closed-loop comprehensive energy-saving system is characterized by comprising the agroecological greenhouse, the photovoltaic control system, the environment monitoring system and the central control system as claimed in claims 1-7;
the photovoltaic control system is used for controlling the power energy generated by the photovoltaic panel to supply power to the agricultural ecological greenhouse or converting surplus electric energy into alternating current to be merged into an external power grid;
the environment monitoring system comprises a wireless sensing unit and an environment regulation and control unit which are arranged in the agricultural ecological greenhouse;
the wireless sensing unit is used for collecting the agricultural cropsVarious environmental parameters in the ecological greenhouse, wherein the various environmental parameters comprise the pH value of soil, the temperature and humidity of the soil, the temperature and humidity of air and CO of the air in the agricultural ecological greenhouse2Concentration and light intensity;
the environment regulation and control unit comprises a spraying and drip irrigation device for irrigating and fertilizing crops, a ventilation device for ventilating the agricultural ecological greenhouse and a light supplement device for providing illumination for the growth of the crops;
the central control system comprises a control central which is in communication connection with the photovoltaic control system and the environment monitoring system, and the control central is used for acquiring electric energy generated by the photovoltaic panel, distributing the electric energy to the whole system and acquiring various environmental parameters in the agricultural ecological greenhouse to realize monitoring on crop growth.
9. The new energy closed-loop energy-saving system as set forth in claim 8,
the photovoltaic control system comprises a photovoltaic module, a photovoltaic controller, a storage battery and an inverter, wherein the photovoltaic module comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cell pieces, the photovoltaic cell pieces are used for converting the energy of the solar rays penetrating through the second light transmission body into electric energy to be stored in the storage battery, the photovoltaic controller is used for controlling the charging and discharging of the storage battery and controlling the inverter to convert the surplus electric energy of the storage battery into alternating current to be merged into an external power grid, and the photovoltaic controller is in communication connection with the control center.
10. The new energy closed-loop energy-saving system as set forth in claim 8,
the control center is in communication connection with the photovoltaic control system and the environment monitoring system through an internet of things which is constructed by radio frequency identification, infrared induction, a Beidou system and a laser scanner according to an agreed protocol.
CN202010602546.XA 2020-06-29 2020-06-29 Agricultural ecological greenhouse and new energy closed-loop type comprehensive energy-saving system Withdrawn CN111642286A (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010602546.XA CN111642286A (en) 2020-06-29 2020-06-29 Agricultural ecological greenhouse and new energy closed-loop type comprehensive energy-saving system

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202010602546.XA CN111642286A (en) 2020-06-29 2020-06-29 Agricultural ecological greenhouse and new energy closed-loop type comprehensive energy-saving system

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Application publication date: 20200911