CN111635776B - Recyclable garbage pyrolysis carbonization treatment system and method - Google Patents
Recyclable garbage pyrolysis carbonization treatment system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111635776B CN111635776B CN202010388127.0A CN202010388127A CN111635776B CN 111635776 B CN111635776 B CN 111635776B CN 202010388127 A CN202010388127 A CN 202010388127A CN 111635776 B CN111635776 B CN 111635776B
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- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 124
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000010819 recyclable waste Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910021386 carbon form Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,7,8-tetrachloro-dibenzo-p-dioxin Chemical compound O1C2=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C2OC2=C1C=C(Cl)C(Cl)=C2 HGUFODBRKLSHSI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
- Y02P20/129—Energy recovery, e.g. by cogeneration, H2recovery or pressure recovery turbines
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a system and a method for pyrolysis and carbonization treatment of recyclable garbage, wherein the system comprises: the method comprises pretreatment, condensation heat exchange treatment, pyrolysis carbonization treatment, circulating combustion heat supply and post-treatment, the garbage is dried by the pretreatment module and then is kept stand for storage, and when the quantity of the stored garbage reaches the preset containing quantity of a storage bin, the garbage is conveyed in a unified mode for pyrolysis carbonization treatment, so that the problem of rancidity caused by long-time stacking of the garbage is solved, and continuous garbage treatment can be realized; the dryer, the condensation module and the combustion module form a loop, and the carbonization machine, the combustion module and the heat exchanger form a loop, so that the cyclic utilization of combustion heat energy is realized; the coarse material formed after pyrolysis and carbonization is recycled and sent into the pretreatment module for secondary treatment, so that the garbage can be fully treated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of garbage waste classification combined treatment, in particular to a recyclable garbage pyrolysis carbonization treatment system and method.
Background
The incineration of household garbage is an important means for reducing and harmlessly treating the waste, but dioxin, heavy metal, acid gas and the like generated by the incineration easily cause secondary environmental pollution, complex treatment facilities must be built and a large amount of treatment agents such as lime, activated carbon and the like must be consumed to eliminate the toxic and harmful substances in the flue gas, and the fly ash generated by the flue gas treatment belongs to dangerous waste and must be subjected to special treatment to meet the requirement of safe disposal, so that the investment of the incineration treatment of the garbage is large, and the operating cost is high. In order to avoid the problems, the domestic garbage is treated by adopting a pyrolysis mode under the anaerobic condition, and the carbon residue after pyrolysis and carbonization has the characteristics of light weight, more gaps, large surface area and the like, and can be used as biological carbon. Research shows that garbage pyrolysis is an effective way for reduction, harmlessness and recycling. However, in order to achieve the practicability of the pyrolysis and carbonization of the household garbage, the problems of poor sealing performance of a furnace body, coking in the furnace, poor heat transfer effect, non-uniform and incomplete carbonization, blockage of pipelines by pyrolysis tar, incapability of continuous and stable operation of a treatment system, high investment and operation cost and the like must be overcome.
Chinese patent document CN109028075A discloses a garbage pyrolysis treatment process, and specifically discloses the following steps: 1) sorting and charging; 2) high-temperature pyrolysis; 3) treating waste gas; 4) and (3) slag treatment, namely dividing the garbage into three parts of recyclable garbage, pyrolyzable garbage and non-pyrolyzable garbage, and then performing corresponding treatment on the three parts of garbage to achieve the effects of reduction and recycling, and further reducing secondary pollution through high-temperature pyrolysis. However, the proposal does not describe how to solve the problem that the long-time stacking before the garbage sorting generates rotten odor to affect the environment, and does not give technical suggestion how to realize continuous treatment of energy circulation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a recyclable garbage pyrolysis carbonization treatment system and a recyclable garbage pyrolysis carbonization treatment method aiming at the defects in the prior art, the garbage is dried by a pretreatment module and then is stored in a standing mode, and when the stored garbage amount reaches the preset accommodating amount of a storage bin, the garbage is conveyed uniformly to be subjected to pyrolysis carbonization treatment, so that the problem of rancidity generated by long-time stacking of the garbage is solved, and continuous garbage treatment can be realized; the dryer, the condensation module and the combustion module form a loop, and the carbonization machine, the combustion module and the heat exchanger form a loop, so that the cyclic utilization of combustion heat energy is realized; the coarse material formed after pyrolysis and carbonization is recycled and sent into the pretreatment module for secondary treatment, so that the garbage can be fully treated.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention firstly adopts the technical scheme that: a recyclable waste pyrolytic charring treatment system, the system comprising:
the pretreatment module comprises a crusher, a dryer and a conveyor, wherein the dryer is respectively connected with the crusher and the conveyor through a conveyor belt;
the carbonization module comprises a carbonization machine, a high-temperature-resistant bucket elevator, a powder air heat exchanger and a vibration screening machine, wherein a feed inlet of the carbonization machine is connected with the conveyor, a discharge outlet of the carbonization machine is connected with the high-temperature-resistant bucket elevator, the powder air heat exchanger is respectively connected with the high-temperature-resistant bucket elevator and the vibration screening machine through conveyor belts, and the vibration screening machine is connected to the pretreatment module through the conveyor belts;
the combustion module comprises a fuel supply station, a purpose-built combustor, an auxiliary combustor, a hot blast stove and an air preheater, wherein the fuel supply station is respectively connected with the purpose-built combustor and the auxiliary combustor through pipelines, the inlet end of the hot blast stove is simultaneously connected with the outlets of the purpose-built combustor and the auxiliary combustor, the outlet end of the hot blast stove is connected with the inlet of a carbonization machine through a pipeline, the outlet of the carbonization machine is connected with the inlet of the purpose-built combustor through a pressurizing fan, one end of the air preheater is connected with the purpose-built combustor, the other end of the air preheater is connected with an air blower, normal-temperature air is introduced through the air blower, the air blower is simultaneously connected with the powder air heat exchanger to provide normal-temperature air for the powder air heat exchanger, the inlet of the purpose-built combustor is simultaneously, combustion air introduced into the powder air heat exchanger;
the condensation module comprises a condenser, a circulating fan and a heat exchanger, wherein an air inlet of the circulating fan is connected with the condenser, the condenser is also connected with a tail gas outlet of the dryer, an air outlet of the circulating fan is connected with an air inlet of the heat exchanger, an air inlet of the heat exchanger is also connected with the carbonizing machine, and an air outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the dryer;
and the after-treatment module comprises a tail gas treatment unit, one end of the tail gas treatment unit is connected with the air preheater, and the other end of the tail gas treatment unit is connected with a tail gas exhaust device.
Further, the pretreatment module further comprises a corrodible garbage sorting machine and a dry garbage inlet, the crusher comprises a corrodible garbage crusher and a dry garbage crusher, the corrodible garbage crusher is connected with the corrodible garbage sorting machine and the dryer through a conveyor belt respectively, and the dry garbage crusher is connected with the dry garbage inlet and the other dryer through the conveyor belt respectively.
Further, the dryer connected with the rotten garbage crusher is provided with a storage bin for standing and drying the rotten garbage.
Further, the inlet end of the vibration screening machine is installed under the powder air heat exchanger, and the outlet end of the vibration screening machine is connected to the crusher through a conveyor belt.
Further, the dryer connected with the corruptable garbage crusher and the dryer connected with the dry garbage crusher are respectively connected with different condensers.
Further, the tail gas eduction gear includes draught fan, energy-saving appliance and chimney, draught fan entry linkage the tail gas processing unit, draught fan exit linkage to the energy-saving appliance is passed through by the draught fan combustion gas the energy-saving appliance carries out the heat transfer, again by with the energy-saving appliance is connected the chimney is discharged.
In addition, the invention also provides a recyclable garbage pyrolysis carbonization treatment method using the system, which comprises the following steps:
crushing the garbage, conveying the garbage into a dryer through a conveyor belt for drying, standing the garbage after drying, condensing the drying tail gas discharged by the dryer into condensed water through a condenser, introducing the condensed gas into a heat exchanger through a circulating fan for heating again, and completing the garbage drying process through the linkage circulation;
when the garbage in the dryer reaches a preset storage capacity, the garbage is uniformly conveyed into a carbonizing machine through a conveyor for pyrolysis and carbonization, pyrolysis gas, biomass charcoal and high-temperature flue gas are separated, the pyrolysis gas is introduced into a pressurizing fan, the biomass charcoal enters a high-temperature resistant bucket elevator through a conveying belt, and the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into a heat exchanger;
the biomass charcoal lifted by the high-temperature resistant bucket elevator enters a powder air heat exchanger to exchange heat with normal-temperature air, the cooled biomass charcoal enters a vibration screening machine, and meanwhile the normal-temperature air after heat exchange forms combustion-supporting air which is sent to a special burner;
one part of the biomass carbon treated by the vibration screening machine forms carbon powder to be discharged, and the other part of the biomass carbon forms coarse materials to be separated and then enters a crusher to be subjected to secondary treatment;
the pyrolysis gas entering the booster fan is pressurized by the booster fan and then introduced into the special burner for auxiliary combustion and heat supply;
the high-temperature flue gas entering the heat exchanger is mixed with the steam for heat exchange to form high-temperature hot gas, one part of the high-temperature hot gas is introduced into the dryer again for providing drying heat energy, and the other part of the high-temperature hot gas is introduced into an air preheater as waste gas for heat exchange with normal-temperature air and then is led out to a tail gas treatment unit;
introducing air preheated by the air preheater and required for preheating combustion through a blower, and utilizing the special burner together with pyrolysis gas introduced after pressurization of the pressurization fan to generate combustion, wherein hot air after combustion enters the hot blast stove to be heated again;
and introducing the high-temperature hot air reheated by the hot blast stove into the carbonizing machine to provide heat energy for pyrolysis and carbonization.
Further, before the garbage is crushed, the method further comprises:
sorting the rotten garbage by a rotten garbage sorting machine;
crushing and dehydrating the rotten garbage, discharging waste liquid and retaining solid matters;
conveying the dehydrated solid matter into a dryer through a conveyor for drying, and collecting the solid matter into a storage bin after drying;
and standing the solid matters in the storage bin for 0-24 hours.
Further, the method further comprises: the fuel supply station simultaneously provides fuel to the auxiliary burner to burn to generate hot air, and the hot air enters the hot blast stove to be heated again.
Further, the method further comprises:
and the waste gas led out to the tail gas treatment unit enters the energy saver through the induced draft fan, exchanges heat with normal-temperature water in the energy saver and is cooled, and then is discharged through a chimney.
The invention has the advantages that:
1. according to the invention, the garbage is dried by the pretreatment module and then is stored in a standing manner, and when the amount of the stored garbage reaches the preset accommodating amount of the storage bin, the garbage is conveyed uniformly for pyrolysis and carbonization treatment, so that the problem of rancidity caused by long-time stacking of the garbage is solved, and continuous garbage treatment can be realized;
2. according to the invention, the dryer, the condensation module and the combustion module form a loop, and the carbonization machine, the combustion module and the heat exchanger form a loop, so that the cyclic utilization of combustion heat energy is realized;
3. according to the invention, the coarse material formed after pyrolysis and carbonization is recycled and sent to the pretreatment module for secondary treatment, so that the garbage can be fully treated;
4. according to the invention, the tail gas treatment unit is matched with the tail gas discharge device to purify the tail gas formed by the pyrolysis carbonization treatment of the garbage, so that the problem of air pollution generated by garbage treatment is solved.
Drawings
For a more complete understanding of the objects, features and advantages of the present invention, reference is now made to the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a system for pyrolysis and carbonization treatment of recyclable waste according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method for pyrolysis and carbonization treatment of recyclable waste in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples, is provided to enable the invention and its various aspects and advantages to be better understood. However, the specific embodiments and examples described below are for illustrative purposes only and are not limiting of the invention.
Referring to the schematic structural diagram of the recyclable waste pyrolysis and carbonization treatment system shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the recyclable waste pyrolysis and carbonization treatment system includes a pretreatment module 1, a carbonization module 2, a combustion module 3, a condensation module 4, and a post-treatment module 5. Wherein,
the pretreatment module 1 comprises a crusher 11, a dryer 12 and a conveyor 13, wherein the dryer 11 is respectively connected with the crusher 12 and the conveyor 13 through conveyor belts. Preferably, the conveyor 13 in this embodiment is a shaftless screw conveyor. The garbage firstly enters the crusher 11 through the inlet for crushing treatment, then is sent into the dryer 12 through the conveyor belt for drying treatment, and stands after drying.
In another possible embodiment, the pre-treatment module 1, further comprising a compostable waste sorter 14 and a dry waste inlet, sorts the waste before it is disposed of, in particular, sorts the compostable waste out. Correspondingly, the crusher 11 comprises a corrodible garbage crusher 111 and a dry garbage crusher 112, the corrodible garbage crusher 111 is connected with the corrodible garbage separator 14 and the dryer 12 through a conveyor belt respectively, and the dry garbage crusher 112 is connected with a dry garbage inlet and the other dryer 12 through a conveyor belt respectively. The dryer 12 connected to the corrodible garbage crusher 111 is provided with a storage bin (not shown in the drawings) for standing and drying the corrodible garbage. Preferably, the dryer 12 connected to the corruptable garbage crusher 111 is a cylindrical structure, and the cylindrical structure is equally divided into 4 storage bins (not labeled in the figure) at the periphery, and the dryer can dry the garbage delivered at any time and then store the garbage in the storage bins for standing, when the garbage storage amount reaches a preset amount or reaches the garbage disposal time, all the garbage in the storage bins can be loaded into the dryer for unified disposal at one time, so that the efficiency is improved, the garbage stacking is avoided, and the environment of a production area is improved. In practical application, the horizontal cylinder body with the shaft diameter material inlet and outlet can be arranged at the two ends of the dryer 12 as required, and the steel balls are arranged in the cylinder body, so that the dryer 12 can perform secondary crushing on the garbage while drying the garbage, and the pyrolysis carbonization treatment effect can be improved. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, dry garbage may be agricultural and forestry waste, and dryer 12 connected with the dry garbage inlet may also be provided with a storage bin, and when the storage amount of dry garbage reaches a certain degree, drying and pyrolysis carbonization treatment are performed in a unified manner, so that garbage disposal efficiency can be improved by performing centralized garbage disposal, the system always keeps disposing the same amount of garbage, and energy waste caused by a small amount of garbage is avoided.
The carbonization module 2 comprises a carbonization machine 21, a high-temperature-resistant bucket elevator 22, a powder air heat exchanger 23 and a vibration screening machine 24, and is used for sequentially carrying out granulation, carbonization, carbon heat exchange, carbon screening and carbon packaging on the solid garbage passing through the pretreatment module. The feed inlet of carbomorphism machine 21 is connected conveyer 13, the discharge gate of carbomorphism machine 21 with machine 22 is carried to high temperature resistant fill is connected, powder air heat exchanger 23 pass through the conveyer belt respectively with machine 22 is carried to high temperature resistant fill with vibratory screening machine 24 is connected, vibratory screening machine 24 is connected to through the conveyer belt pretreatment module 1, preferably, vibratory screening machine 24's entry end is installed under powder air heat exchanger 23, the exit end is connected to through the conveyer belt breaker 112, vibratory screening machine 24 carries out the granule screening to the biomass charcoal, and the coarse fodder of screening out returns pretreatment module 1 and carries out secondary processing as new rubbish. In practical application, the interior of the carbonizing machine 21 is in an oxygen-insulated state, the inner side of the carbonizing machine is provided with the wear-resistant lining plate, the barrel is made of stainless steel materials, steel balls are filled in the barrel, the inner wall of the barrel is uniformly welded and provided with square steel with the cross section of 50 x 50 mm along the axial direction of the barrel, and the discharge end of the barrel is provided with 20 x 20 grid openings, so that the discharge granularity can meet the standardized requirement. The bottom of the high-temperature-resistant bucket elevator 22 is provided with a material layer which can play a role of an air seal device and prevent air from entering the system.
The combustion module 3 comprises a fuel supply station 31, a special burner 32, an auxiliary burner 33, a hot blast stove 34 and an air preheater 35, provides heat energy for the system through operations of pressurization of pyrolysis gas, preheating of air, combustion of pyrolysis gas, combustion of fuel, heating of the hot blast stove and the like, and realizes cyclic utilization of heat energy in the system. The fuel supply station 31 is respectively connected with the purpose-made burner 32 and the auxiliary burner 33 through pipelines, the inlet end of the hot blast stove 34 is simultaneously connected with the outlets of the purpose-made burner 32 and the auxiliary burner 33, the outlet end of the hot blast stove 34 is connected with the inlet of the carbonizing machine 21 through a pipeline, the outlet of the carbonizing machine 21 is connected with the inlet of the purpose-made burner 32 through a pressurizing fan 37, and a loop is formed among the purpose-made burner 32, the hot blast stove 34, the pressurizing fan 37 and the carbonizing machine 21, so that the cyclic utilization of pyrolysis gas is realized. In practical application, when the system is fed with dry garbage and putrescible garbage at the same time, the dry garbage can be treated immediately, the putrescible garbage needs to be treated after standing and drying, and the pyrolysis gas generated by the treated dry garbage is pressurized by the pressurizing fan 37 and then introduced into the special burner 32 for auxiliary combustion and heat supply. One end of the air preheater 35 is connected with the purpose-built combustor 32, the other end of the air preheater is connected with the blower 36, normal temperature air is introduced through the blower 36, and when the system is used for the first time, air required for preheating combustion through the air preheater 35 and pyrolysis gas introduced after pressurization of the pressurization blower 37 are utilized together by the purpose-built combustor 32 to generate combustion. The air blower 36 is connected with the powder air heat exchanger 23 at the same time, and provides normal temperature air for the powder air heat exchanger 23, the inlet of the special burner 32 is connected with the outlet of the powder air heat exchanger 23 at the same time, and introduces combustion air in the powder air heat exchanger 23, specifically, in the system circulation operation, the powder air heat exchanger 23 utilizes the normal temperature air provided by the air blower 36 to cool biomass charcoal, and high temperature combustion air is formed, and the combustion air is introduced into the special burner 32 to provide heat energy to realize the cyclic utilization.
The condensation module 4 comprises a condenser 41, a circulating fan 42 and a heat exchanger 43, and realizes recycling of the tail gas of the dryer through condensation and heat exchange treatment. The air inlet of the circulating fan 42 is connected with the condenser 41, the condenser 41 is further connected with a tail gas outlet of the dryer 12, the air outlet of the circulating fan 42 is connected with the air inlet of the heat exchanger 43, the air inlet of the heat exchanger 43 is further connected with the carbonizing machine 21, and the air outlet of the heat exchanger 43 is connected with the dryer 12. Specifically, the tail gas of the dryer is condensed into condensed water by the condenser 41, and the condensed gas is introduced into the heat exchanger 43 by the circulating fan 42, and is heated again, so that the garbage drying process is completed. Specifically, the heat exchanger 43 introduces the high-temperature flue gas of the carbonization machine 21, and the high-temperature flue gas and the condensed gas are mixed in the heat exchanger 43 to form high-temperature hot gas, which enters the dryer 12 again to provide drying heat energy for the dryer 12. In the embodiment with the corrodible garbage separator 14, the dryer connected to the corrodible garbage crusher 111 and the dryer connected to the dry garbage crusher 112 are respectively connected to different condensers 41, and both condensers 41 are connected to the air inlet of the circulating fan 42.
Aftertreatment module 5, including tail gas processing unit 51, tail gas processing unit one end is connected air heater 35, and tail gas eduction gear is connected to the other end, carries out tail gas treatment, induced air, heat transfer through the waste gas to system production, avoids the air pollution problem that refuse treatment arouses. Tail gas eduction gear includes draught fan 52, energy-saving appliance 53 and chimney 54, draught fan 52 entry linkage tail gas processing unit 51, draught fan 52 exit linkage to energy-saving appliance 53, by draught fan 52 combustion gas passes through energy-saving appliance 53 carries out the heat transfer, specifically draught fan 52 combustion gas with after the normal atmospheric temperature water heat transfer cooling in the energy-saving appliance 53, again by with energy-saving appliance 53 connects chimney 54 discharges. The purification treatment of the waste gas from the garbage treatment is realized, the waste gas reaches the emission standard, and meanwhile, the normal-temperature water in the energy saver is heated, so that the heat energy utilization rate is further improved.
Referring to the attached FIG. 2, a flow chart of the recyclable waste pyrolysis carbonization treatment method in the embodiment of the present specification is shown, which comprises the following steps:
pretreatment and condensation heat exchange treatment: the garbage drying process is completed by crushing the garbage, conveying the garbage into a dryer through a conveying belt for drying, standing the garbage after drying, condensing the drying tail gas discharged by the dryer into condensed water through a condenser, and introducing the condensed gas into a heat exchanger through a circulating fan to heat up again so as to link circulation. In another embodiment, the system is used for processing the corrodible garbage at the same time, and before the garbage is crushed, the system further comprises: sorting the rotten garbage by a rotten garbage sorting machine; crushing and dehydrating the rotten garbage, discharging waste liquid and retaining solid matters; conveying the dehydrated solid matter into a dryer through a conveyor for drying, and collecting the solid matter into a storage bin after drying; the solid matter in the storage bin is kept still for 0-24 hours, the storage bin is limited to the storage amount of the garbage, so that the standing time of the solid matter entering the storage bin is not completely the same, the standing time of the garbage entering earlier is long, the standing time of the garbage entering last is short, and the longest standing time can not exceed 24 hours in practice according to the garbage treatment and storage requirements.
Pyrolysis and carbonization treatment: when the garbage in the dryer reaches a preset storage capacity, uniformly conveying the garbage into a carbonizing machine through a conveyor for pyrolysis and carbonization, separating out pyrolysis gas, biomass charcoal and high-temperature flue gas at 300 ℃, introducing the pyrolysis gas into a pressurizing fan, introducing the biomass charcoal into a high-temperature resistant bucket elevator through a conveying belt, and introducing the high-temperature flue gas into a heat exchanger;
the biomass charcoal lifted by the high-temperature resistant bucket elevator enters a powder air heat exchanger to exchange heat with normal-temperature air, the cooled biomass charcoal enters a vibration screening machine, and meanwhile the normal-temperature air after heat exchange forms combustion-supporting air which is sent to a special burner;
one part of the biomass carbon treated by the vibration screening machine forms carbon powder to be discharged, and the other part of the biomass carbon forms coarse materials to be separated and then enters a crusher to be subjected to secondary treatment;
the pyrolysis gas entering the booster fan is pressurized by the booster fan and then introduced into the special burner for auxiliary combustion and heat supply;
the high-temperature flue gas entering the heat exchanger is mixed with the steam for heat exchange to form high-temperature hot gas at the temperature of 600 ℃, one part of the high-temperature hot gas is introduced into the dryer again for providing drying heat energy, and the other part of the high-temperature hot gas is introduced into an air preheater as waste gas for heat exchange with normal-temperature air and then is led out to a tail gas treatment unit;
circulating combustion heat supply: air at 200 ℃ required for preheating combustion preheated by the air preheater is introduced through a blower, and the pyrolysis gas pressurized by the pressurizing fan is combusted by utilizing the special combustor. The hot air after combustion enters a hot blast stove to be heated again to 850-1100 ℃; the fuel supply station simultaneously provides fuel to the auxiliary burner to burn to generate hot air, and the hot air enters the hot blast stove to be heated again to 850-1100 ℃;
and the high-temperature hot air is reheated to 850-1100 ℃ by the hot-blast stove, meets the temperature requirement of hot air for carbonization, and is introduced into the carbonization machine as high-temperature hot air to provide heat energy for pyrolysis and carbonization.
And (3) post-treatment: and the waste gas led out to the tail gas treatment unit enters the energy saver through the induced draft fan, exchanges heat with normal-temperature water in the energy saver and is cooled, and then is discharged through a chimney.
The beneficial effects of the devices in the system are partially overlapped with the beneficial effects of the method for realizing the recyclable garbage pyrolysis carbonization treatment by using the system, and the method is not described too much for the sake of more simplicity.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and additions can be made without departing from the method of the present invention, and these modifications and additions should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A recyclable waste pyrolytic carbonization treatment system, characterized in that the system comprises:
the pretreatment module comprises a crusher, a dryer and a conveyor, wherein the dryer is respectively connected with the crusher and the conveyor through a conveyor belt;
the carbonization module comprises a carbonization machine, a high-temperature-resistant bucket elevator, a powder air heat exchanger and a vibration screening machine, wherein a feed inlet of the carbonization machine is connected with the conveyor, a discharge outlet of the carbonization machine is connected with the high-temperature-resistant bucket elevator, the powder air heat exchanger is respectively connected with the high-temperature-resistant bucket elevator and the vibration screening machine through conveyor belts, and the vibration screening machine is connected to the pretreatment module through the conveyor belts;
the combustion module comprises a fuel supply station, a purpose-built combustor, an auxiliary combustor, a hot blast stove and an air preheater, wherein the fuel supply station is respectively connected with the purpose-built combustor and the auxiliary combustor through pipelines, the inlet end of the hot blast stove is simultaneously connected with the outlets of the purpose-built combustor and the auxiliary combustor, the outlet end of the hot blast stove is connected with the inlet of a carbonization machine through a pipeline, the outlet of the carbonization machine is connected with the inlet of the purpose-built combustor through a pressurizing fan, one end of the air preheater is connected with the purpose-built combustor, the other end of the air preheater is connected with an air blower, normal-temperature air is introduced through the air blower, the air blower is simultaneously connected with the powder air heat exchanger to provide normal-temperature air for the powder air heat exchanger, the inlet of the purpose-built combustor is simultaneously, combustion air introduced into the powder air heat exchanger;
the condensation module comprises a condenser, a circulating fan and a heat exchanger, wherein an air inlet of the circulating fan is connected with the condenser, the condenser is also connected with a tail gas outlet of the dryer, an air outlet of the circulating fan is connected with an air inlet of the heat exchanger, an air inlet of the heat exchanger is also connected with the carbonizing machine, and an air outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the dryer;
and the after-treatment module comprises a tail gas treatment unit, one end of the tail gas treatment unit is connected with the air preheater, and the other end of the tail gas treatment unit is connected with a tail gas exhaust device.
2. The recyclable waste pyrolytic charring treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the pretreatment module further comprises a corruptable waste sorter and a dry waste inlet, the crusher comprises a corruptable waste crusher and a dry waste crusher, the corruptable waste crusher is connected with the corruptable waste sorter and the dryer through a conveyor belt respectively, and the dry waste crusher is connected with the dry waste inlet and the other dryer through a conveyor belt respectively.
3. The recyclable waste pyrolytic charring treatment system according to claim 2, wherein the dryer connected with the corrodible waste crusher is provided with a storage bin for standing and drying the corrodible waste.
4. The recyclable waste pyrolysis and carbonization treatment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the inlet end of the vibratory screening machine is mounted right below the powder air heat exchanger, and the outlet end is connected to the crusher through a conveyor belt.
5. The recyclable waste pyrolytic carbonization treatment system according to claim 2, wherein the dryer connected to the compostable waste crusher and the dryer connected to the dry waste crusher are connected to different condensers, respectively.
6. The recyclable waste pyrolysis and carbonization treatment system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the tail gas exhaust device comprises an induced draft fan, an economizer and a chimney, wherein an inlet of the induced draft fan is connected with the tail gas treatment unit, an outlet of the induced draft fan is connected to the economizer, gas exhausted by the induced draft fan is subjected to heat exchange through the economizer, and then is exhausted from the chimney connected with the economizer.
7. A recyclable waste pyrolytic charring treatment method using the recyclable waste pyrolytic charring treatment system of any one of claims 1 to 6, the method comprising:
crushing the garbage, conveying the garbage into a dryer through a conveyor belt for drying, standing the garbage after drying, condensing the drying tail gas discharged by the dryer into condensed water through a condenser, introducing the condensed gas into a heat exchanger through a circulating fan for heating again, and completing the garbage drying process through the linkage circulation;
when the garbage in the dryer reaches a preset storage capacity, the garbage is uniformly conveyed into a carbonizing machine through a conveyor for pyrolysis and carbonization, pyrolysis gas, biomass charcoal and high-temperature flue gas are separated, the pyrolysis gas is introduced into a pressurizing fan, the biomass charcoal enters a high-temperature resistant bucket elevator through a conveying belt, and the high-temperature flue gas is introduced into a heat exchanger;
the biomass charcoal lifted by the high-temperature resistant bucket elevator enters a powder air heat exchanger to exchange heat with normal-temperature air, the cooled biomass charcoal enters a vibration screening machine, and meanwhile the normal-temperature air after heat exchange forms combustion-supporting air which is sent to a special burner;
one part of the biomass carbon treated by the vibration screening machine forms carbon powder to be discharged, and the other part of the biomass carbon forms coarse materials to be separated and then enters a crusher to be subjected to secondary treatment;
the pyrolysis gas entering the booster fan is pressurized by the booster fan and then introduced into the special burner for auxiliary combustion and heat supply;
the high-temperature flue gas entering the heat exchanger is mixed with the condensed gas to exchange heat to form high-temperature hot gas, one part of the high-temperature hot gas is introduced into the dryer again to provide drying heat energy, and the other part of the high-temperature hot gas is introduced into an air preheater as waste gas to exchange heat with normal-temperature air and then is led out to a tail gas treatment unit;
introducing air preheated by the air preheater and required for preheating combustion through a blower, and utilizing the special burner together with pyrolysis gas introduced after pressurization of the pressurization fan to generate combustion, wherein hot air after combustion enters the hot blast stove to be heated again;
and introducing the high-temperature hot air reheated by the hot blast stove into the carbonizing machine to provide heat energy for pyrolysis and carbonization.
8. The recyclable waste pyrolytic charring treatment method according to claim 7, further comprising, before the crushing the waste:
sorting the rotten garbage by a rotten garbage sorting machine;
crushing and dehydrating the rotten garbage, discharging waste liquid and retaining solid matters;
conveying the dehydrated solid matter into a dryer through a conveyor for drying, and collecting the solid matter into a storage bin after drying;
and standing the solid matters in the storage bin for 0-24 hours.
9. The recyclable waste pyrolytic charring treatment method according to claim 7, further comprising:
the fuel supply station simultaneously provides fuel to the auxiliary burner to burn to generate hot air, and the hot air enters the hot blast stove to be heated again.
10. The recyclable waste pyrolytic charring treatment method according to claim 7, further comprising:
and the waste gas led out to the tail gas treatment unit enters the energy saver through the induced draft fan, exchanges heat with normal-temperature water in the energy saver and is cooled, and then is discharged through a chimney.
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| CN101318759A (en) * | 2008-07-11 | 2008-12-10 | 谢忠诚 | Resource regeneration processing method and equipment for urban sewage sludge |
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