CN111632311A - Fire fighting box for power battery of electric automobile and fire extinguishing method - Google Patents
Fire fighting box for power battery of electric automobile and fire extinguishing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111632311A CN111632311A CN202010297724.2A CN202010297724A CN111632311A CN 111632311 A CN111632311 A CN 111632311A CN 202010297724 A CN202010297724 A CN 202010297724A CN 111632311 A CN111632311 A CN 111632311A
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- power battery
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/16—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in electrical installations, e.g. cableways
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a fire fighting box for a power battery of an electric automobile, which comprises: the box body is internally provided with a cavity for placing a power battery; the energy discharge unit is provided with an inserting unit which can be inserted into the power battery to discharge energy; the cooling unit is used for reducing the temperature of the power battery; when the cooling unit cools the power battery, the energy discharge unit simultaneously discharges residual energy in the power battery. The invention also discloses a fire extinguishing method for the power battery of the electric automobile. The invention has the advantages that residual energy in the power battery is discharged and the power battery is physically cooled at the same time, so that the cooling effect of the power battery in a smoking state or a combustion state is obvious, the cooling time is shortened, and the safety performance is higher.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power battery fire fighting, and particularly relates to a fire fighting box for a power battery of an electric automobile and a fire fighting method.
Background
The combustion of the power battery of the electric automobile is roughly divided into three stages, wherein the first stage is abnormal reaction in the battery, the second stage is battery smoking, and the third stage is battery open fire.
The abnormal reaction in the battery at the first stage can not be seen by naked eyes, and can be judged only by monitoring the voltage mutation or temperature abnormality of the single body in the battery box on line.
Most fire control devices in the market at present aim at the second stage and the third stage, and the measures adopted are generally to cool down the power battery, for example, in the 'spontaneous fire extinguishing type electric vehicle power battery system' disclosed in the Chinese patent CN206210974, a fire extinguisher is arranged in an installation box, the fire extinguisher is provided with an electric control starting device and a manual starting device, and the fire extinguisher is started in time by detecting the fire fighting state of a power battery pack in the installation box through a trigger unit. Also, as in the "fire extinguishing apparatus dedicated to lithium batteries of new energy vehicles" disclosed in chinese patent CN209809345, it is also to perform timely fire extinguishing treatment on lithium batteries by using a fire extinguishing agent. For another example, the Chinese patent CN207384639 discloses a hydrogen fuel cell aerosol fire extinguishing system, which extinguishes fire by an aerosol generating device.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the fire box for the power battery of the electric automobile and the fire extinguishing method, which are particularly used for the power battery in a smoking state, can discharge the residual energy in the power battery while cooling the power battery, and have higher cooling speed and higher cooling efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a fire hose for an electric vehicle power battery, comprising:
the box body is internally provided with a cavity for placing a power battery;
the energy discharge unit is provided with an inserting unit which can be inserted into the power battery to discharge energy;
the cooling unit is used for reducing the temperature of the power battery;
when the cooling unit cools the power battery, the energy discharge unit simultaneously discharges residual energy in the power battery.
Furthermore, the device also comprises a smoke exhaust unit which is communicated with the cavity and used for exhausting smoke generated by the combustion of the power battery.
Furthermore, the energy discharge unit comprises a plurality of groups of discharge resistors connected with the plug-in unit.
Further, the energy discharge unit comprises a plurality of groups of inverters connected with the plug-in unit.
Further, the power of the inverter is 15-25 KW.
Furthermore, the cooling unit comprises a fluid cooling module flowing through the power battery from the top of the box body downwards and a solid cooling module put in the area where the power battery is located.
Further, the solid cooling module comprises fine sand for burying the power battery to isolate air; and a charging basket for receiving the cooling unit is arranged at the bottom of the box body.
Further, the energy release unit is arranged in the box body. With cooling unit, the unit integration of energy release in a relative confined box, overall structure is succinct more, integrates the degree height, and is more showing power battery's cooling effect moreover.
Furthermore, the box body comprises a first space and a second space, the power battery is arranged in the first space, the energy discharge unit is arranged in the second space, and the plug-in unit for connecting the power battery and the energy discharge unit is arranged between the first space and the second space. The space that the energy bleeder unit is located is great, can increase and decrease the quantity of bleeder resistor at will, and the whole volume of box is littleer after the relative reduction of the horizontal volume in first space, has reduced occupation space.
Furthermore, the first space is divided into an upper layer body, a middle layer body and a lower layer body along the height direction, the upper layer body is stacked with a solid cooling module, a sand storage cavity which is in a conical structure with a large upper part and a small lower part is arranged in the upper layer body, the power battery is arranged in the middle layer body, and the middle layer body forms the cavity. The space design in the box is reasonable, not only reduces the whole volume of box, and is better to power battery's physics cooling effect moreover.
The invention also discloses a fire extinguishing method for the power battery of the electric automobile, which comprises the following steps:
1) transferring the power battery in a smoking state or a combustion state;
2) placing a power battery in a box body;
3) connecting the power battery with the plug-in unit, and connecting the plug-in unit with the discharge resistor to release the energy of the power battery; and meanwhile, the cooling unit cools the power battery.
The energy of the power battery is discharged, the smoke quantity of the power battery which possibly smokes a large amount originally can be reduced, part of the power battery which is in a smoking state and has the possibility of generating open fire is restrained from generating open fire, when the power battery is normally combusted, the internal energy consumption needs at least 1 hour, but when the power battery is plugged with the discharge unit to discharge the energy, the energy consumption only needs 20-30 minutes, and therefore the cooling time of the power battery is greatly shortened.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the main reason that the batteries can be burnt to cause damage is that a large amount of energy is stored in the batteries, once the energy is discharged, the harm of the burning of the batteries is greatly reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a side view of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a rear view of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the internal structure of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a front view of the internal structure of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a rear view of the internal structure of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a side view of the internal structure of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-8, a fire fighting box for a power battery of an electric vehicle comprises a box body 1, a cavity 13 located in the box body 1 and used for placing the power battery, an energy release unit 2 arranged in the box body 1, and a cooling unit 3.
The box body 1 is designed to comprise a first space 11 and a second space 12 which are vertically opposite, the first space 11 is connected with the second space 12, the power battery is placed in the first space 11, and the energy release unit 2 is arranged in the second space 12; a plug-in unit 21 is arranged on a common side of the first space 11 and the second space 12, and the plug-in unit 21 is used for connecting the power battery and the energy discharge unit 2.
The energy discharge unit 2 comprises a plug-in unit 21 and a plurality of groups of discharge resistors 22 electrically connected with the plug-in unit 21; the bleeder resistor 22 comprises a resistor disc 221 and a heat dissipation structure 222; the discharge resistor 22 is formed by combining the alloy resistor discs 221, the structure is compact, the electricity is reliable, the design of the multi-disc combined heat dissipation structure 222 ensures the heat dissipation effect and the product safety, and the high-power energy discharge requirement can be met; the plug-in unit 21 is a plug-in unit matched with the battery box in the market. When the power battery is connected with the plurality of groups of the bleeder resistors 22 through the plug-in unit 21, the residual energy in the power battery is discharged.
Regarding the selection problem of the resistance value of the resistance sheet 221, when the voltage of the power battery is 80V, the maximum passing current of the plug-in unit 21 is 250A, and the resistance value is 80V/250A =0.32 Ω, according to this selection, the time required for completing the energy discharge of a fully charged power battery is about 30 minutes.
Of course, the plurality of sets of the bleeder resistors 22 may be replaced by a plurality of sets of inverters, and after the inverters are selected, the electric energy can be fed back to the power grid while the energy is discharged, and the required inverter power is 15-25KW, preferably about 20 KW.
The temperature reduction unit 3 is used for reducing the temperature of the power battery and comprises a fluid temperature reduction module 31 which flows through the power battery downwards from the top of the box body 1 and a solid temperature reduction module 32 which is put in the area where the power battery is located; the fluid cooling module 31 may select cooling liquid that does not combust and flows down rapidly under the action of gravity, such as water, foam, and the like, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a water distribution pipe 311 communicated with an external water source is arranged at the top of the tank 1, and a water outlet of the water distribution pipe 311 discharges water downwards to cool the power battery; the solid cooling module 32 can use fine sand to bury the power battery to isolate air for flame retardation and cooling, as shown in fig. 6, a sand storage cavity 321 with a big top and a small bottom is arranged on the upper part of the box body 1, a sand leakage opening at the bottom of the sand storage cavity 321 is opened, and the fine sand inside can be discharged downwards to the cavity 13 where the power battery is located to cover the surface of the power battery for cooling.
The fluid cooling module 31 and the solid cooling module 32 are continuously conveyed downwards to the position of the power battery to cool the power battery, a charging basket 33 is arranged at the bottom of the box body 1 in order to receive the fluid cooling module 31 and the solid cooling module 32 which finish cooling work, the top of the charging basket 33 is open, and the bottom of the charging basket is closed.
The first space 11 is divided into an upper layer body 111, a middle layer body 112 and a lower layer body 113 along the height direction of the box body 1, and a sand storage cavity 321 accumulated with the solid cooling module 32 is arranged in the upper layer body 111; the cavity 13 for placing the power battery is located in the middle layer body 112, the middle layer body 112 forms a relatively closed space and corresponds to the plug-in unit 21, so that the solid cooling module 32 and the liquid cooling module 31 are prevented from leaking and smoke is prevented from escaping in order to facilitate taking and placing of the power battery, and a door 131 is arranged on the side surface of the cavity 13.
Certainly, the whole box body 1 can form a relatively closed space, the smoke exhaust unit 4 is arranged at the top of the box body 1, the smoke exhaust unit 4 is designed into a smoke collection cavity 41 with a small top and a large bottom and a smoke exhaust port 42 positioned on the side wall of the smoke collection cavity 41, so that smoke in the cavity 13 rises to the smoke collection cavity 41 at the top of the box body 1 and is exhausted out of the box body 1 through the smoke exhaust port 42.
Thereby in shifting the power battery who is in smoking state or combustion state to the cavity 13 of box 1, connect power battery with energy release unit 2 and insert through grafting unit 21, start the work of cooling unit 3 simultaneously, utilize fluid cooling module 31 and solid cooling module 32 to cool down to the power battery outside, two modules simultaneous actions, power battery's cooling rate is faster.
A fire extinguishing method for a power battery of an electric automobile comprises the following steps:
1) transferring the power battery in the smoking state to the position of the box body 1;
2) the power battery is arranged in a relatively closed space in the box body 1, namely a cavity 13;
3) the power battery is connected with the plug-in unit 21 in a plug-in mode, so that the power battery is connected with the discharge resistor through the plug-in unit to release residual energy in the power battery; closing a door on the side surface of the cavity 13, and simultaneously starting the cooling unit 3 to cool the outside of the power battery; meanwhile, the smoke exhaust unit 4 exhausts smoke to the outside of the box body 1.
The foregoing detailed description is intended to illustrate and not limit the invention, which is intended to be within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, and any changes and modifications that fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention are intended to be covered by the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a fire hose for electric automobile power battery which characterized in that includes:
the box body (1) is internally provided with a cavity (13) for placing a power battery;
the energy discharge unit (2) is provided with a plug-in unit (21) which can be plugged with the power battery to discharge energy;
the cooling unit (3) is used for reducing the temperature of the power battery;
when the cooling unit (3) cools the power battery, the energy discharge unit (2) simultaneously discharges residual energy in the power battery.
2. The fire hose for electric vehicle power batteries of claim 1, wherein: and the smoke exhaust unit (4) is communicated with the cavity (13) and is used for exhausting smoke generated by combustion of the power battery.
3. The fire box for the power battery of the electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the energy discharge unit (2) comprises a plurality of groups of discharge resistors (22) connected with the plug-in unit (21).
4. The fire box for the power battery of the electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the energy discharge unit (2) comprises a plurality of groups of inverters connected with the plug-in unit (21).
5. The fire hose for electric vehicle power batteries of claim 1, wherein: the cooling unit (3) comprises a fluid cooling module (31) which flows through the power battery downwards from the top of the box body (1) and a solid cooling module (32) which is put in the area where the power battery is located.
6. The fire hose for electric vehicle power batteries of claim 5, wherein: the solid cooling module (32) comprises fine sand for burying the power battery to isolate air; and a charging basket (33) for receiving the cooling unit (3) is arranged at the bottom of the box body (1).
7. The fire hose for electric vehicle power batteries of claim 1, wherein: the energy release unit (2) is arranged in the box body (1).
8. The fire hose for electric vehicle power batteries of claim 7, wherein: the box body (1) comprises a first space (11) and a second space (12), the power battery is arranged in the first space (11), the energy discharge unit (2) is arranged in the second space (12), and an insertion unit (21) used for connecting the power battery and the energy discharge unit (2) is arranged between the first space (11) and the second space (12).
9. The fire hose for electric vehicle power batteries of claim 8, wherein: first space (11) are cut apart into upper strata body (111), middle level body (112) and lower floor's body (113) along direction of height, solid cooling module (32) are piled up to upper strata body (111), are equipped with in this upper strata body (111) and store up husky chamber (321) that are big-end-up's toper structure, power battery arranges in middle level body (112), this middle level body (112) form cavity (13).
10. A fire extinguishing method for a power battery of an electric automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) transferring the power battery in a smoking state or a combustion state;
2) placing a power battery in a box body;
3) connecting the power battery with the plug-in unit, and connecting the plug-in unit with the discharge resistor to release the energy of the power battery; and meanwhile, the cooling unit cools the power battery.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010297724.2A CN111632311A (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | Fire fighting box for power battery of electric automobile and fire extinguishing method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010297724.2A CN111632311A (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | Fire fighting box for power battery of electric automobile and fire extinguishing method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111632311A true CN111632311A (en) | 2020-09-08 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010297724.2A Withdrawn CN111632311A (en) | 2020-04-16 | 2020-04-16 | Fire fighting box for power battery of electric automobile and fire extinguishing method |
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| CN (1) | CN111632311A (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201906387U (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-07-27 | 深圳市三俊电池有限公司 | Automatic fire extinguishing device for battery storeroom |
| CN202180839U (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2012-04-04 | 普天新能源有限责任公司 | Fire-fighting transhipment device used for power battery of electricity charging and changing station for electric vehicle |
| CN106693234A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-05-24 | 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 | Battery isolation device, charging and battery swap station with device and battery isolation method |
| CN106924914A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-07-07 | 公安部上海消防研究所 | The emergency disposal system and method for electric automobile electric charging station electrokinetic cell thermal runaway |
| CN206334237U (en) * | 2016-12-18 | 2017-07-18 | 杭州耀顶自动化科技有限公司 | Electric automobile power battery electric discharge fire plant |
| JP6189603B2 (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2017-08-30 | ホーチキ株式会社 | Fire extinguisher |
| CN208756834U (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-04-19 | 中科动力（福建）新能源汽车有限公司 | A kind of electric automobile power battery with automatic fire extinguishing system |
| CN110013626A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-07-16 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system and its control strategy |
-
2020
- 2020-04-16 CN CN202010297724.2A patent/CN111632311A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201906387U (en) * | 2011-01-21 | 2011-07-27 | 深圳市三俊电池有限公司 | Automatic fire extinguishing device for battery storeroom |
| CN202180839U (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2012-04-04 | 普天新能源有限责任公司 | Fire-fighting transhipment device used for power battery of electricity charging and changing station for electric vehicle |
| JP6189603B2 (en) * | 2013-02-19 | 2017-08-30 | ホーチキ株式会社 | Fire extinguisher |
| CN206334237U (en) * | 2016-12-18 | 2017-07-18 | 杭州耀顶自动化科技有限公司 | Electric automobile power battery electric discharge fire plant |
| CN106693234A (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2017-05-24 | 上海蔚来汽车有限公司 | Battery isolation device, charging and battery swap station with device and battery isolation method |
| CN106924914A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-07-07 | 公安部上海消防研究所 | The emergency disposal system and method for electric automobile electric charging station electrokinetic cell thermal runaway |
| CN208756834U (en) * | 2018-08-07 | 2019-04-19 | 中科动力（福建）新能源汽车有限公司 | A kind of electric automobile power battery with automatic fire extinguishing system |
| CN110013626A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-07-16 | 北京工业大学 | A kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system and its control strategy |
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Application publication date: 20200908 |
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