CN209947989U - Fire extinguishing device for high-capacity lithium ion battery power system - Google Patents

Fire extinguishing device for high-capacity lithium ion battery power system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN209947989U
CN209947989U CN201920341591.7U CN201920341591U CN209947989U CN 209947989 U CN209947989 U CN 209947989U CN 201920341591 U CN201920341591 U CN 201920341591U CN 209947989 U CN209947989 U CN 209947989U
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air pipe
air
electromagnetic valve
extinguishing device
fire extinguishing
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CN201920341591.7U
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王有锁
郭言平
缪文辉
李鹤强
罗涛涛
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Anhui Hengyu Technology Co ltd
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ANHUI JOYO ELECTRIC Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The utility model relates to a power safety device technical field, concretely relates to a extinguishing device for large capacity lithium ion battery driving system. The fire extinguishing device comprises cover bodies at the top and the bottom of the storage cavity, wherein a first air pipe extending upwards is arranged on the surface of the cover body at the bottom, a second air pipe extending downwards is arranged on the surface of the cover body at the top, and the first air pipe and the second air pipe are corresponding in position and are positioned in a gap between adjacent lithium battery units; the end part of the first air pipe is sealed, and a plurality of air holes are uniformly formed in the side surface of the first air pipe; the top end of the first air pipe is inserted into the second air pipe; an air inlet pipeline at the tail part of the first air pipe is respectively communicated with an air inlet fan and a carbon dioxide compression storage bottle through a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve; an air outlet pipeline at the tail part of the second air pipe is communicated with the exhaust fan through a third electromagnetic valve. The device has little influence on the structure of the battery pack, and can quickly extinguish fire when the battery pack has a short-circuit fire accident.

Description

Fire extinguishing device for high-capacity lithium ion battery power system
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a power safety device technical field, concretely relates to a extinguishing device for large capacity lithium ion battery driving system.
Background
The new energy automobile is an automobile which adopts unconventional automobile fuel as a power source, integrates advanced technologies in the aspects of power control and driving of the automobile, and is advanced in technical principle, new in technology and new in structure. Including hybrid electric vehicles, pure electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles, other new energy (such as high-efficiency energy storage devices such as super capacitors and flywheels) vehicles and the like. Along with the attention of all countries in the world to the problem of ecological environmental protection, the electric automobile is increasingly paid attention by all automobile manufacturers and high-tech companies as a green and environment-friendly new energy automobile, the research and development investment in the field of electric automobiles is continuously increased, the technology is more and more mature, and the application is more extensive.
The electric automobile adopts a battery pack as a power system, and the main components of the battery pack are a lithium battery element and a management circuit; during the use process of the battery element, the battery element may be out of order due to external physical factors such as high temperature, impact and the like, or may be damaged due to problems such as over-charging and over-discharging of the battery and cell aging. Faults such as short circuit, fire and the like are easy to occur after the battery element is damaged, and the reaction time for a user is short due to the fact that the fire development speed of the power system element is high after the fire occurs; moreover, the electronic elements and the like which are on fire belong to E-type fires and cannot be treated by conventional fire extinguishing measures; therefore, the fire of the battery system is a serious accident which is difficult to deal with, and once the fire occurs, a large accident influence is easily generated.
Therefore, an automatic fire extinguishing device which is predicted in advance and treated in time is arranged in the power system; the method becomes an effective means for solving the fire hazard of the battery power system. However, the related fire extinguishing device in the power battery in the prior art has fewer schemes, and the conventional fire extinguishing device can change the structure of the battery assembly, so that the occupied space is large, the size of the battery is too large, and the battery cannot be commercially applied.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the problem among the prior art, the utility model aims at providing a extinguishing device for large capacity lithium ion battery driving system, the device is less to the battery pack structure influence, can take place the short circuit accident of catching fire when the group battery, carries out automatic fire extinguishing rapidly.
In order to achieve the purpose, the utility model discloses a realize through following technical scheme:
a fire extinguishing device for a high-capacity lithium ion battery power system comprises a battery pack, a storage cavity and a shell, wherein the battery pack is formed by connecting 18650 lithium battery units in series and in parallel, and the lithium battery units are positioned in battery tanks in the storage cavity; the fire extinguishing device comprises cover bodies at the top and the bottom of the storage cavity, wherein a first air pipe extending upwards is arranged on the surface of the cover body at the bottom, a second air pipe extending downwards is arranged on the surface of the cover body at the top, and the first air pipe and the second air pipe are corresponding in position and are positioned in a gap between adjacent lithium battery units; the height of the first air pipe is equal to that of the lithium battery unit, the end part of the first air pipe is sealed, and a plurality of air holes are uniformly formed in the side surface of the first air pipe; the aperture of the second air pipe is larger than that of the first air pipe; the end part of the second air pipe is communicated, the height of the second air pipe is less than one fifth of the height of the lithium battery unit, and the top end of the first air pipe extends into the second air pipe;
the tail parts of the first air pipes are mutually connected and communicated with the air inlet pipeline; the air inlet pipeline is respectively communicated with the air inlet fan and the carbon dioxide compression storage bottle through a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve; the tail parts of the second air pipes are mutually connected and communicated with an air outlet pipeline, and the air outlet pipeline is communicated with an exhaust fan through a third electromagnetic valve.
The first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are all gas electromagnetic valves.
Preferably, a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor and an air pressure sensor are arranged in the storage cavity; the three are electrically connected with controllers of the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve, and are used for monitoring the temperature of the lithium battery unit in the shell and detecting whether the lithium battery unit has a short-circuit fire accident or not.
Preferably, the lid passes through the buckle and can dismantle with the storage chamber and be connected, and the casing cladding is in storage chamber and lid surface.
Preferably, the cover body, the first air pipe and the second air pipe are made of insulating materials; the shell is a sealed shell and is made of metal materials. The metal shell has high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, fireproof and flame-retardant effects, can protect the internal lithium battery element, and can avoid the influence of internal faults or fire conditions on the external structure.
Preferably, the fireproof and flame-retardant cotton is arranged inside the battery jar of the storage cavity. The fireproof flame-retardant cotton can reduce the influence on other lithium battery units after a single lithium battery unit fails; and the leaked liquid can be adsorbed, so that the spreading of the fault dangerous case is prevented.
The fire extinguishing device is used for controlling the temperature of the lithium battery unit in a conventional state, in the state, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature in the battery pack is too high, the first electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are opened, the air inlet fan sucks cold air outside the battery pack into the battery pack, and the cold air is sent into a storage cavity of the battery pack through the first air pipe and used for cooling the lithium battery unit; meanwhile, high-temperature hot air at the upper part of the battery pack is pumped out by an exhaust fan, so that the circulating flow of the air for cooling in the battery pack is realized.
When the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor, the air pressure sensor and the battery management circuit detect relevant battery faults and fire dangerous situations; the controller closes first solenoid valve and third solenoid valve to open the second solenoid valve, thereby make the carbon dioxide compressed air in the carbon dioxide compression storage bottle enter into the battery package, through liquid carbon dioxide vaporization cooling, and keep apart the shielding mode realization fire extinguishing effect of combustion improver, thereby put out the conflagration hidden danger in the very first time, avoid the intensity of a fire to strengthen the ground step that is difficult to control.
The utility model discloses following beneficial effect has:
this type extinguishing device structural design is ingenious, can combine with the battery package among the driving system, and is less to the holistic structure influence of battery package, also can not show the volume that increases the battery package yet, consequently has higher practical value.
The carbon dioxide gas release device in the fire extinguishing device is mainly positioned inside the battery pack and can quickly reach places where fire disasters occur, so that the fire disasters can be extinguished in time, and the expansion of the dangerous situations is prevented. Simultaneously, because the special structural design of first trachea and second trachea, compressed gas releases the process comparatively and relaxes, can not cause the impact to lithium cell, consequently the process of putting out a fire can not produce negative effects hardly.
A first trachea and corresponding pipeline for the gaseous release of carbon dioxide can also regard as battery package cooling system's a part under conventional state in this design to greatly improve the practicality of relevant component, can not let relevant subassembly fall into the chicken ribs under conventional state, improved the space utilization among the group battery structural design.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention, and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery power system in the present embodiment (the relevant structures such as a battery management circuit are not shown);
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of upper and lower covers of a storage chamber and a related fire extinguishing apparatus in the present embodiment;
labeled as: 1. a storage chamber; 2. a housing; 11. a top cover body; 12. a bottom cover body; 110. an air outlet pipeline; 111. a second air pipe; 112. an exhaust fan; 120. a battery case; 121. a first air pipe; 122. an air intake fan; 123. a carbon dioxide compression storage bottle; 1120. a third electromagnetic valve; 1220. a first solenoid valve; 1230. a second solenoid valve.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention are combined below to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that, unless otherwise specified, "a plurality" means two or more; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; the connection can be mechanical connection or circuit connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood as the case may be, by those of ordinary skill in the art.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, a fire extinguishing apparatus for a large-capacity lithium ion battery power system comprises a battery pack, a storage chamber 1 and a housing 2, wherein the battery pack is formed by connecting 18650 lithium battery units in series and in parallel, and the lithium battery units are positioned in a battery jar 120 in the storage chamber 1; the fire extinguishing device comprises cover bodies at the top and the bottom of the storage cavity 1, wherein a first air pipe 121 extending upwards is arranged on the surface of the cover body 12 at the bottom, a second air pipe 111 extending downwards is arranged on the surface of the cover body 11 at the top, and the first air pipe 121 and the second air pipe 111 are positioned correspondingly and are positioned in the gap between adjacent lithium battery units; the height of the first air pipe 121 is equal to that of the lithium battery unit, the end of the first air pipe 121 is sealed, and a plurality of air holes are uniformly formed in the side surface of the first air pipe; the aperture of the second air pipe 111 is larger than that of the first air pipe 121; the end part of the second air pipe 111 is communicated, the height of the second air pipe 111 is less than one fifth of the height of the lithium battery unit, and the top end of the first air pipe 121 extends into the second air pipe 111;
the tail parts of the first air pipes 121 are mutually connected and communicated with an air inlet pipeline; the air inlet pipeline is respectively communicated with the air inlet fan 122 and the carbon dioxide compression storage bottle 123 through a first electromagnetic valve 1220 and a second electromagnetic valve 1230; the second air pipe 111 is connected to the tail of the second air pipe 111 and is connected to the air outlet pipeline 110, and the air outlet pipeline 110 is connected to the exhaust fan 112 through a third electromagnetic valve 1120.
The first solenoid valve 1220, the second solenoid valve 1230, and the third solenoid valve 1120 are all gas solenoid valves.
A temperature sensor, a smoke sensor and an air pressure sensor are arranged in the storage cavity 1; the three are electrically connected to the controllers of the first solenoid valve 1220, the second solenoid valve 1230 and the third solenoid valve 1120, and are used for monitoring the temperature of the lithium battery unit in the housing 2 and detecting whether a short-circuit fire accident occurs in the lithium battery unit.
The lid passes through the buckle and can dismantle with storage chamber 1 and be connected, and the cladding of casing 2 is at storage chamber 1 and lid surface.
The cover body, the first air pipe 121 and the second air pipe 111 are made of insulating materials; the housing 2 is a hermetic housing made of a metal material. The metal shell 2 has high temperature resistance, corrosion resistance, fireproof and flame-retardant effects, can protect internal lithium battery elements, and can avoid the influence of internal faults or fires on external structures.
The battery jar 120 of the storage chamber 1 is internally provided with fireproof and flame-retardant cotton. The fireproof flame-retardant cotton can reduce the influence on other lithium battery units after a single lithium battery unit fails; and the leaked liquid can be adsorbed, so that the spreading of the fault dangerous case is prevented.
The fire extinguishing device is used for controlling the temperature of the lithium battery unit in a conventional state, in this state, when the temperature sensor detects that the temperature in the battery pack is too high, the first electromagnetic valve 1220 and the third electromagnetic valve 1120 are opened, the air inlet fan 122 pumps cold air outside the battery pack into the battery pack, and the cold air is sent into a storage cavity of the battery pack through the first air pipe 121 and used for cooling the lithium battery unit; meanwhile, high-temperature hot air at the upper part of the battery pack is pumped out by the exhaust fan 112, so that the circulating flow of air for cooling in the battery pack is realized.
When the temperature sensor, the smoke sensor, the air pressure sensor and the battery management circuit detect relevant battery faults and fire dangerous situations; the controller closes the first solenoid valve 1220 and the third solenoid valve 1120 and opens the second solenoid valve 1230, so that the carbon dioxide compressed air in the carbon dioxide compressed storage bottle 123 enters the battery pack, the fire extinguishing effect is realized by vaporization cooling of liquid carbon dioxide and a shielding mode of isolating a combustion improver, the fire hazard is suppressed at the first time, and the situation that the fire is enhanced to be difficult to control is avoided.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a extinguishing device for large capacity lithium ion battery driving system, driving system includes group battery, storage chamber and casing, and the group battery comprises 18650 lithium cell series-parallel, and the lithium cell is located the battery jar in the storage chamber, its characterized in that: the fire extinguishing device comprises cover bodies at the top and the bottom of the storage cavity, wherein a first air pipe extending upwards is arranged on the surface of the cover body at the bottom, a second air pipe extending downwards is arranged on the surface of the cover body at the top, and the first air pipe and the second air pipe are corresponding in position and are positioned in a gap between adjacent lithium battery units; the height of the first air pipe is equal to that of the lithium battery unit, the end part of the first air pipe is sealed, and a plurality of air holes are uniformly formed in the side surface of the first air pipe; the aperture of the second air pipe is larger than that of the first air pipe; the end part of the second air pipe is communicated, the height of the second air pipe is less than one fifth of the height of the lithium battery unit, and the top end of the first air pipe is inserted into the second air pipe;
the tail parts of the first air pipes are mutually connected and communicated with an air inlet pipeline; the air inlet pipeline is respectively communicated with the air inlet fan and the carbon dioxide compression storage bottle through a first electromagnetic valve and a second electromagnetic valve; the tail parts of the second air pipes are mutually connected and communicated with an air outlet pipeline, and the air outlet pipeline is communicated with an exhaust fan through a third electromagnetic valve.
2. The fire extinguishing device for the high-capacity lithium ion battery power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve are all gas electromagnetic valves.
3. The fire extinguishing device for the high-capacity lithium ion battery power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lid passes through the buckle and can dismantle with the storage chamber and be connected, and the casing cladding is at storage chamber and lid surface.
4. The fire extinguishing device for the high-capacity lithium ion battery power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cover body, the first air pipe and the second air pipe are made of insulating materials; the shell is a sealed shell and is made of metal materials.
5. The fire extinguishing device for the high-capacity lithium ion battery power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: a temperature sensor, a smoke sensor and an air pressure sensor are arranged in the storage cavity; the three are electrically connected with controllers of the first electromagnetic valve, the second electromagnetic valve and the third electromagnetic valve, and are used for monitoring the temperature of the lithium battery unit in the shell and detecting whether the lithium battery unit has a short-circuit fire accident or not.
6. The fire extinguishing device for the high-capacity lithium ion battery power system according to claim 1, characterized in that: and fireproof flame-retardant cotton is arranged in the battery jar of the storage cavity.
CN201920341591.7U 2019-03-18 2019-03-18 Fire extinguishing device for high-capacity lithium ion battery power system Active CN209947989U (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113690530A (en) * 2021-08-25 2021-11-23 深圳市赛航科技有限公司 Lithium battery pack heat management system and management method thereof
CN113750403A (en) * 2021-08-19 2021-12-07 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Flame-retardant fire extinguishing system and method for automobile power battery
WO2022149708A1 (en) * 2021-01-08 2022-07-14 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 Battery module, and battery pack and vehicle comprising same
WO2023088129A1 (en) * 2021-11-22 2023-05-25 江苏科技大学 Power battery protection device and protection method

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2022149708A1 (en) * 2021-01-08 2022-07-14 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 Battery module, and battery pack and vehicle comprising same
CN113750403A (en) * 2021-08-19 2021-12-07 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Flame-retardant fire extinguishing system and method for automobile power battery
CN113750403B (en) * 2021-08-19 2022-10-04 东风汽车集团股份有限公司 Flame-retardant fire extinguishing system and method for automobile power battery
CN113690530A (en) * 2021-08-25 2021-11-23 深圳市赛航科技有限公司 Lithium battery pack heat management system and management method thereof
CN113690530B (en) * 2021-08-25 2022-03-15 深圳市赛航科技有限公司 Lithium battery pack heat management system and management method thereof
WO2023088129A1 (en) * 2021-11-22 2023-05-25 江苏科技大学 Power battery protection device and protection method

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Address after: Room 506, R & D building, innovation industrial park, Hefei hi tech Zone, Anhui Province

Patentee after: Anhui Hengyu Technology Co.,Ltd.

Address before: Room 506, R & D building, innovation industrial park, Hefei hi tech Zone, Anhui Province

Patentee before: ANHUI JOYO ELECTRIC Co.,Ltd.