CN110013626A - A kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system and its control strategy - Google Patents
A kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system and its control strategy Download PDFInfo
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- CN110013626A CN110013626A CN201910255673.4A CN201910255673A CN110013626A CN 110013626 A CN110013626 A CN 110013626A CN 201910255673 A CN201910255673 A CN 201910255673A CN 110013626 A CN110013626 A CN 110013626A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C3/00—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places
- A62C3/07—Fire prevention, containment or extinguishing specially adapted for particular objects or places in vehicles, e.g. in road vehicles
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62C37/00—Control of fire-fighting equipment
- A62C37/36—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device
- A62C37/38—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone
- A62C37/40—Control of fire-fighting equipment an actuating signal being generated by a sensor separate from an outlet device by both sensor and actuator, e.g. valve, being in the danger zone with electric connection between sensor and actuator
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Emergency Management (AREA)
- Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system and its control strategies, are collectively constituted by parameter monitoring module on fire, extinguishing agent storage module and extinguishing chemical jet module.Detection module by multiple sensors to power battery thermal runaway and it is on fire when many kinds of parameters be monitored, and pass through BMS analysis and evaluation battery degree on fire.In conjunction with preset extinguishing chemical injection strategy, for battery catches fire feature, quickly identification fire location, and the power battery module for different degree on fire selects different extinguishing chemical combination and spray regime, to allow limited vehicle-mounted extinguishing chemical farthest to play fire extinguishing effect, extinguishing effect is promoted, provides very big guarantee for the personal safety as well as the property safety in electric car use process.
Description
Technical field
The present invention has carried out the relevant design of fire extinguishing system, specifically a kind of vehicle for power lithium-ion battery phenomenon on fire
Carry lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system and its control strategy.
Background technique
Lithium ion battery has that energy density is big, output voltage is high, have extended cycle life, environmental pollution is small, without memory etc.
Advantage has shown wide application prospect on the dynamic fields such as electric car, aerospace, submarine.But electronic vapour
Vehicle fire, taking place frequently for explosion accident not only bring threat to the lives and properties of people, also limit the development of electric car and push away
Extensively.
Power battery it is on fire mainly by its own design with use part individual in the defect of material, the course of work
Caused by electric heating abuse and mechanical abuse phenomenon, such as: internal short-circuit, external short circuit, overcharge, extruding, is punctured and is hit thermal shock
It hits.Simultaneously as violent chemical reaction, inside battery can occur during thermal runaway for electrolyte and electrode active material
Self-produced oxygen, therefore lithium-ion electric Pool fire generally has the characteristics that the duration is long, temperature is high, fire extinguishing difficulty is big.If part
Battery on fire can not be controlled and be handled in time, and flame can spread to entire battery pack as quick as thought, in turn result in vehicle
Catching fire, fire at this time will be unable to be controlled.
It is reasonably electric from the angle design for selecting high-efficiency fire-extinguishant and quickly put out part battery on fire in view of above-mentioned analysis
Pond fire extinguishing system and fire extinguishing strategy, are nowadays considered as improving battery fire-fighting efficiency, reduce one of effective ways of its fire hazard.
Summary of the invention
For the problems raised in the background art, the present invention provides a kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system
And its control strategy.The theory and technical solution can be various shape and a variety of materials system lithium ion power on electric car
Battery pack provides fire-fighting fire extinguishing, and application is mainly local cell on fire in battery pack, it is therefore intended that using reasonably going out
Fiery agent fast accurate puts out a fire and farthest protects battery.The design carries out the type, dosage, time for spraying of extinguishing chemical
It rationally designs, can not only optimize the weight and volume of vehicle-mounted extinguishing device, but also blow-off velocity and extinguishing effect can be improved, effectively
Improve the safety problem of electric car in use.
A kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system, by battery thermal runaway and thermal monitoring system, it is compound to go out
Fiery agent stocking system, extinguishing chemical spraying system and classification injection control strategy collectively form.The multiple sensors of monitoring modular
(8) (10) are for monitoring the safe condition of battery and judging whether the parameter on fire of battery is more than secure threshold, and signal is passed
Pass storage and the spraying system of combined type extinguishing chemical.Combined type extinguishing agent storage system is respectively by CO2(4), perfluor ketone liquid
Body (2) and deionized water (3) are constituted, and three kinds of extinguishing chemicals are centrally located in storage bin (1).Corresponding pipeline (5) is respectively
It is connected on multiple nozzles (9) of battery case (7) inner upper.It is burnt by preset grading control strategy according to battery (6)
Battery on fire is carried out with the type and spray regime (individual injection, composite injection) of the size selection extinguishing chemical of degree on fire fast
The inhibition and cooling of speed.
A kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system, it is characterised in that: CO2Helitank is using mark
The specification and dosage of quasi- commercial gas helitank.The carrying amount of ketone liquid extinguisher is to be based on the nominal energy of battery modules to perfluor
What the parameter estimations such as amount and its latent heat of vaporization obtained, the carrying quality of deionized water and the carrying of extinguishing chemical are identical in quality, tool
The calculating process of body is as follows:
Q=1.5 × U × C
MWater=MExtinguishing chemical
Q is the total amount of heat of battery catches fire release, and U is the nominal voltage of battery modules, and C is the nominal capacity of battery modules, M
For the carrying quality of extinguishing chemical, r is the latent heat of phase change of extinguishing chemical, and V is the demand volume of extinguishing chemical, and ρ is the density of extinguishing chemical).
By taking capacity is 60Ah ternary battery and gang mould group as an example, it is 13.25Kg, volume 8.28dm which, which needs to carry quality,3's
Ketone extinguishing chemical and quality are 13.25Kg, volume 13.25dm to perfluor3Deionized water.
A kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system, it is characterised in that: CO2Extinguishing chemical, perfluor are
Ketone and deionized water are sub-divided in respective holding vessel, and in the extinguishing agent storage case being integrated in outside battery case.Fire extinguishing
The conveying and injection of agent are independent from each other, and are equipped with solenoid valve on each pipeline.
A kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system, it is characterised in that: parameter monitoring module on fire
It is arranged inside battery case, module is passed by multiple smokescope sensors, temperature sensor, voltage sensor and infra red flame
Sensor collectively forms.BMS carries out comprehensive analysis to the upload data of various sensors, judges the thermal runaway situation, on fire of battery
Position and degree on fire, and corresponding extinguishing chemical type and spray regime are selected based on preset control strategy, and letter will be executed
Number pass to fire extinguishing system.
A kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system, it is characterised in that: temperature sensor and electricity
Pressure sensor is arranged on each battery modules attachment, the setting of infra red flame sensor inside the battery case at left and right sides of, cigarette
Mist sensor is arranged in battery case upper inside.
A kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system, it is characterised in that: three kinds of extinguishing chemical nozzle collection
At, being fixed on reserved extinguishing chemical nozzle card slot on the upside of battery case together.There are six extinguishing chemical nozzle card slot is total, number
Amount can be modified according to the quantity of battery modules.Effective spray distance of gas nozzle is more than or equal to 2.0m；Fluid injector
Effective spray distance be more than or equal to 1m, atomizing particle degree be less than or equal to 40 μm.
A kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system, it is characterised in that:
Type selection of a variety of extinguishing chemicals under the conditions of various on fire is as shown in the table with spray regime:
A kind of described vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system and its control strategy, it is characterised in that: fire extinguishing
System can carry out independent identification and analysis to many places battery on fire, and select fire extinguishing strategy to fire respectively according to degree on fire
Flame is inhibited.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the execution process of a kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system and its control strategy.
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of a kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system and its control strategy.
In figure: 1- extinguishing agent storage case, 2-CO2Helitank, 3- perfluor ketone helitank, 4- deionization water pot, 5-
Extinguishing chemical transfer pipeline, 6- power battery and data acquisition module, 7- battery case, 8- infra red flame sensor, 9- extinguishing chemical
Nozzle, 10- smokescope sensor.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete
Site preparation description:
As shown, the system is by monitoring modular on fire, extinguishing agent storage module and common group of extinguishing chemical jet module
At.There is detection module on fire multiple temperature sensors, smoke sensor device (10), infra red flame sensor (8) and voltage to pass
Sensor carries out the temperature of battery modules (6), the smokescope of generation, the intensity of flame and voltage in battery case (7) real-time
Monitoring.Extinguishing agent storage module is by CO2Gas extinguishing agent tank (4), perfluor ketone liquid extinguisher tank (2) and deionization water pot
(3) it collectively forms, and is seated in storage bin (1) by concentration.Extinguishing chemical jet module has multiple integrated nozzles (9) common structure
At, be arranged in the top inside battery case, between nozzle and storage bottle by hose (5) connect.
A kind of working principle of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system is: when Individual cells mould group in battery case
When thermal runaway occurring due to abuse and playing fire behavior, detection module can by the temperature of comprehensive analysis battery modules, on
Square smokescope, flame brightness and voltage signal judge the degree on fire of battery, and are sprayed according to preset extinguishing chemical
It penetrates strategy and takes corresponding extinguishing chemical type and injection method.
Three kinds of extinguishing chemicals store respectively in extinguishing agent storage system, and output flow is respectively by the solenoid valve on extinguishing chemical pipeline
It is controlled and is adjusted.The dosage of various extinguishing chemicals is only applicable to battery modules, it is intended that by precisely, in time in local electricity
Pond completely inhibits it when occurring on fire, thus reduced while improving fire-fighting efficiency the volume of vehicle-mounted fire extinguishing system with
Weight guarantees the energy density of vehicle and the manufacturing cost of vehicle.
Three kinds of extinguishing chemicals are respectively provided with its fire-extinguishing benefits in various degree on fire.CO2Gas can with effective temperature-reducing and
Oxygen is isolated；Ketone extinguishing chemical has outstanding mobile performance, electrical insulation capability to perfluor；Deionized water gasification latent heat is big, can be with
Quickly cool down to battery on fire.Spray regime can select be divided into two kinds according to the type of extinguishing chemical: alternating spray and
Sustained firing.Fire extinguishing system can make a choice according to degree on fire, to allow limited vehicle-mounted extinguishing chemical farthest
Fire extinguishing effect is played, and is reduced as far as on fire and damage of the fire extinguishing procedure to battery not on fire in battery pack.
When thermal runaway does not occur for battery, but has had generation hidden danger, cooled down using gas extinguishing agent, gas can
Cool down to battery, to effectively be taken precautions against, and can farthest protect other normal batteries.When battery temperature is excessively high,
Battery relief valve is opened, when generating smog and having faint flame, using CO2With perfluor ketone, it can both pass through extinction using gas
Agent carry out cooling and dilute oxygen, and can by perfluor ketone to it is on fire when electrochemical reaction inhibit.When battery temperature mistake
Height when thermal runaway is uncontrollable, while spraying CO2, perfluor ketone and deionized water, inside battery combustion reaction is carried out fast
Speed inhibits.
When fire extinguishing system to the degree evaluation on fire in battery case is IV rank or more when, in addition to taking preset strategy
Outside being sprayed, the extinguishing chemical nozzle around fire origin on the upside of battery can also spray CO simultaneously2Battery around drops in gas
Temperature and the diffusion and propagation for inhibiting flame.Fire extinguishing system detects can identify many places phenomenon on fire simultaneously, and according to every
Degree on fire at one carries out the independent choice of fire extinguishing strategy.
When degree on fire reaches I grade, failure identification can be shown on instrument board；II, is when degree on fire reaches II grade, vehicle
Smog alert can occur, whole car door locks automatically open.Security alarm can remind driver in time, guarantee that it locates in time
Manage vehicle and safe escape.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system, which is characterized in that by battery thermal runaway and thermal monitoring system
System, compound fire-extinguishing agent stocking system, extinguishing chemical spraying system and classification injection control strategy collectively form；Monitoring modular it is more
Kind sensor passes signal for monitoring the safe condition of battery and judging whether the parameter on fire of battery is more than secure threshold
Pass storage and the spraying system of combined type extinguishing chemical；Combined type extinguishing agent storage system is respectively by CO2(4), perfluor ketone liquid
Body (2) and deionized water (3) are constituted, and three kinds of extinguishing chemicals are centrally located in storage bin (1)；Corresponding pipeline (5) is respectively
It is connected on multiple nozzles (9) of battery case (7) inner upper；It is burnt by preset grading control strategy according to battery (6)
Battery on fire is inhibited and cooled down with the type and spray regime of the size selection extinguishing chemical of degree on fire.
2. a kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
CO2Helitank uses the specification and dosage of normal business gas extinguishing agent tank；The carrying amount of perfluor ketone liquid extinguisher
It is to be obtained based on battery modules nominal energy and the estimation of its latent heat of vaporization, the carrying quality of deionized water and taking for extinguishing chemical
With identical in quality, specific calculating process is as follows:
Q=1.5 × u × C
MWater=MExtinguishing chemical
Q is the total amount of heat of battery catches fire release, and U is the nominal voltage of battery modules, and C is the nominal capacity of battery modules, and M is to go out
The carrying quality of fiery agent, r are the latent heat of phase change of extinguishing chemical, and V is the demand volume of extinguishing chemical, and ρ is the density of extinguishing chemical.
3. a kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: CO2Fire extinguishing
Ketone and deionized water are sub-divided in respective holding vessel for agent, perfluor, and are integrated in the extinguishing agent storage outside battery case
In case；The conveying and injection of extinguishing chemical are independent from each other, and are equipped with solenoid valve on each pipeline.
4. a kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: ginseng on fire
Number monitoring modulars be arranged inside battery case, module by multiple smokescope sensors, temperature sensor, voltage sensor and
Infra red flame sensor collectively forms；BMS carries out comprehensive analysis to the upload data of various sensors, judges the thermal runaway of battery
Situation, fire location and degree on fire, and corresponding extinguishing chemical type and spray regime are selected based on preset control strategy, and
Signal will be executed and pass to fire extinguishing system.
5. a kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: temperature passes
Sensor and voltage sensor are arranged on each battery modules attachment, and infra red flame sensor is arranged inside battery case left
Right two sides, smoke sensor device are arranged in battery case upper inside.
6. a kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: three kinds go out
Fiery agent nozzle integrates, and is fixed on extinguishing chemical nozzle card slot reserved on the upside of battery case.Extinguishing chemical nozzle card slot is extremely
There are six few；Effective spray distance of gas nozzle is more than or equal to 2.0m；Effective spray distance of fluid injector is more than or equal to 1m,
Atomizing particle degree is less than or equal to 40 μm.
7. a kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Type selection of a variety of extinguishing chemicals under the conditions of various on fire is as shown in the table with spray regime:
8. a kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
Fire extinguishing system carries out independent identification and analysis to many places battery on fire, and selects fire extinguishing strategy respectively according to degree on fire
Flame is inhibited.
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| CN201910255673.4A CN110013626A (en) | 2019-04-01 | 2019-04-01 | A kind of vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery packet stagewise fire extinguishing system and its control strategy |
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| CN111013052A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-17 | 南方电网调峰调频发电有限公司 | Water-gas composite lithium ion battery fire control method |
| CN111202934A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-29 | 西安石油大学 | Automatic sound wave extinguishing device of regulation power |
| CN111346330A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-30 | 重庆特斯联智慧科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent fire fighting device and control system thereof |
| CN111467716A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-07-31 | 江西优特汽车技术有限公司 | Fire extinguishing system using power battery liquid cooling device |
| CN111494841A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-07 | 中国科学技术大学 | Lithium ion battery fire early warning and extinguishing device are stored in warehouse |
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| CN111790078A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-10-20 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Fire extinguishing agent injection apparatus for lithium ion battery module |
| CN112331990A (en) * | 2019-09-26 | 2021-02-05 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack, vehicle and control method for relieving thermal runaway spread of battery pack |
| CN112717306A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-04-30 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Fire extinguishing system and method for energy storage power station or battery container |
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| CN111202934A (en) * | 2020-01-16 | 2020-05-29 | 西安石油大学 | Automatic sound wave extinguishing device of regulation power |
| CN111346330A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-30 | 重庆特斯联智慧科技股份有限公司 | Intelligent fire fighting device and control system thereof |
| CN111467716A (en) * | 2020-04-14 | 2020-07-31 | 江西优特汽车技术有限公司 | Fire extinguishing system using power battery liquid cooling device |
| CN111632311A (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2020-09-08 | 杭州伯坦科技工程有限公司 | Fire fighting box for power battery of electric automobile and fire extinguishing method |
| CN111494841A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-08-07 | 中国科学技术大学 | Lithium ion battery fire early warning and extinguishing device are stored in warehouse |
| CN111790078A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-10-20 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Fire extinguishing agent injection apparatus for lithium ion battery module |
| CN111790078B (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2022-09-23 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Fire extinguishing agent injection apparatus for lithium ion battery module |
| CN112717306A (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2021-04-30 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Fire extinguishing system and method for energy storage power station or battery container |
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Application publication date: 20190716 |