CN111621976A - 羊毛复合材料及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents

羊毛复合材料及其制备方法和应用 Download PDF

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CN111621976A
CN111621976A CN202010356281.XA CN202010356281A CN111621976A CN 111621976 A CN111621976 A CN 111621976A CN 202010356281 A CN202010356281 A CN 202010356281A CN 111621976 A CN111621976 A CN 111621976A
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wool fabric
wool
fabric
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composite material
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辛斌杰
于佳
周曦
江燕婷
黄一凡
谢翔宇
李安琪
严庆帅
徐丽丽
缪雅婧
臧丽然
刘璐璐
贺炎
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Shanghai University of Engineering Science
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Abstract

本发明公开了羊毛复合材料及其制备方法和应用,属于功能纺织品技术领域。羊毛复合材料的制备方法包括:将羊毛织物经过预处理,预处理后的羊毛织物进行等离子体表面刻蚀,然后在其表面镀覆纳米铜薄膜,得到铜复合的羊毛织物,可用于功能纺织品特别是柔性可穿戴电子器件。本发明采用等离子体技术处理羊毛织物,通过引入含氧基团,对羊毛织物表面进行刻蚀来增加其比表面积,采用磁控溅射技术得到的镀膜纯度高、膜层均匀且与基材结合牢固,可实现纺织材料金属化效果,满足纺织面料的特殊功能需求。

Description

羊毛复合材料及其制备方法和应用
技术领域
本发明属于功能纺织品技术领域,具体涉及羊毛复合材料及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
与传统电子技术相比,柔性可穿戴电子器件具有柔性好、重量轻、灵敏度高、变形能力强等优点,在智能服装、生物医学器件、能量转换与存储、电磁干扰屏蔽等领域有着巨大的应用潜力,受到广泛关注。目前,导电纺织品的研究主要集中在高分子导电材料和织物结合以及织物的金属化两方面。其中,常见的高分子导电材料包括聚吡咯、聚苯胺和聚噻吩,其中聚吡咯具有良好的导电性、机械柔韧性、生物相容性,且对环境几乎无污染,在传感器和电容器领域中具有广泛的应用前景;常见织物羊毛纤维具有较好的吸湿性,回潮率可达到16%,但由于羊毛纤维表面具有鳞片层,导致羊毛纤维亲水性较差,在湿度较大的环境中羊毛纤维易产生电荷,在一定程度上限制了羊毛纤维的应用。
发明内容
为克服现有技术的上述不足,本发明提供了一种羊毛复合材料的制备方法,采用等离子体技术和磁控溅射技术相结合,具体包括步骤:
(1)将羊毛织物经过预处理,得到预处理的羊毛织物;
(2)将预处理的羊毛织物进行等离子体表面刻蚀,得到处理的羊毛织物;
(3)在处理的羊毛织物表面镀覆纳米铜薄膜,得到铜复合的羊毛织物。
根据所述制备方法的一些实施方式,步骤(1)中,预处理的过程为:将羊毛织物浸入乙醇溶液中,取出并烘干,得到预处理的羊毛织物。
根据所述制备方法的一些实施方式,步骤(2)中,等离子体表面刻蚀的过程为:采用等离子体设备对预处理的羊毛织物进行表面刻蚀,其中,等离子体表面刻蚀的参数包括:温度为80℃,压强为3.0×10-3Pa,电源功率为150-300W,处理时间为10-15min,充入气体为氧气且体积流量为10-20sccm。
根据所述制备方法的一些实施方式,步骤(3)中,镀覆纳米铜薄膜的过程为:调整磁控溅射镀膜设备和处理的羊毛织物之间的距离为100mm,抽真空至真空度为9.0×10-4Pa,磁控溅射过程中保持基底的转速为10r/min,预溅射的时间为60-300s,总溅射的时间为5-25min,氧气的流量为10-20sccm,溅射的功率为200-350W。
本发明还提供了一种羊毛复合材料,其通过上述任一所述羊毛复合材料的制备方法得到。
本发明还提供了上述任一羊毛复合材料在功能纺织品中的应用。
根据所述应用的一些实施方式,所述功能纺织品包括但不限于柔性可穿戴电子器件。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果在于:本发明采用等离子体技术对羊毛织物进行预处理,通过引入含氧基团,对羊毛织物表面进行刻蚀来增加其比表面积。本发明还采用磁控溅射技术得到金属复合的羊毛织物,其镀膜纯度高、膜层均匀且与基材结合牢固,可实现纺织材料金属化效果;而且铜材料具有优良的导热、导电性能,延展性好,性质稳定并具有广谱抗菌性,可满足纺织面料的特殊功能需求。
附图说明
图1为本发明的铜/羊毛导电复合织物的制备流程示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步解释说明。
本发明提供了一种羊毛复合材料及其制备方法和在功能纺织品中的应用,特别是用于柔性可穿戴电子器件。以下实施例中制备羊毛复合材料的方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)羊毛织物的预处理:将羊毛织物浸入乙醇溶液中,30min后取出羊毛并用蒸馏水清洗以除去溶剂乙醇,放入烘箱烘干,得到预处理的羊毛织物;
(2)等离子体处理羊毛织物:采用低温真空的PECVD-601室等离子体气相沉积设备对烘干的预处理的羊毛织物进行表面刻蚀,其中,等离子体刻蚀的参数为:温度为80℃,压强为3.0×10-3Pa,电源功率为150-300W,处理的时间为10-15min,充入气体为氧气,体积流量为10-20sccm,得到处理的羊毛织物;
(3)铜复合的羊毛织物(羊毛/Cu复合织物)的制备过程:采用MSP-300C型磁控溅射镀膜仪在处理的羊毛织物上镀覆纳米铜薄膜(铜薄膜为由若干铜颗粒均匀排布成网状结构的薄膜,铜颗粒部分嵌入羊毛织物基材中并填充羊毛织物基材的间隙,从而附着于羊毛织物基材的表面),调整保持磁控溅射镀膜设备(即铜靶材)和处理的羊毛织物之间的距离为100mm,然后将磁控溅射真空腔抽真空至真空度为9.0×10-4Pa,进行磁控溅射,总溅射的时间为5-25min。为了改善镀覆纳米铜薄膜的均匀性,磁控溅射过程中保持基底的转速可以为10r/min,同时为了防止织物表面有杂质沉积到铜膜上,需进行预溅射,工艺参数为:氩气的流量为10-20sccm,200-350W的溅射功率下预溅射60-300s,得到铜复合羊毛织物。
实施例1
本实施例中铜复合羊毛织物的制备方法,具体步骤为:将羊毛浸入乙醇溶液中,30min后取出羊毛并用蒸馏水清洗以除去溶剂乙醇,放入烘箱烘干,得到预处理的羊毛织物;再采用低温真空的PECVD-601室等离子体气相沉积设备对烘干的羊毛织物进行表面刻蚀,其中,等离子体刻蚀的参数为:温度为80℃,压强为3.0×10-3Pa,电源功率为170W,处理的时间为15min,充入气体为氧气,体积流量为10sccm,得到处理的羊毛织物;然后采用MSP-300C型磁控溅射镀膜仪在处理的羊毛织物上镀覆纳米铜薄膜,调整保持铜靶材和处理的羊毛织物之间的距离为100mm,然后将磁控溅射真空腔抽真空至真空度为9.0×10-4Pa,进行磁控溅射。为了改善镀覆纳米铜薄膜的均匀性,磁控溅射过程中保持基底的转速为10r/min,预溅射的时间为60s,直流电源为200W,氩的流量为10sccm,200W的溅射功率下溅射5min,得到铜复合羊毛织物。
实施例2
本实施例中铜复合羊毛织物的制备方法,具体步骤为:将羊毛织物浸入乙醇溶液中,30min后取出羊毛织物并用蒸馏水清洗以除去溶剂乙醇,放入烘箱烘干,得到预处理的羊毛织物;再采用低温真空的PECVD-601室等离子体气相沉积设备对烘干的羊毛织物进行表面刻蚀,其中,等离子体刻蚀的参数为:温度为80℃,压强为3.0×10-3Pa,电源功率为200W,处理的时间为15min,充入气体为氧气,体积流量为12sccm,得到处理的羊毛织物;然后采用MSP-300C型磁控溅射镀膜仪在处理的羊毛织物上镀覆纳米铜薄膜,调整保持铜靶材和处理的羊毛织物之间的距离为100mm,然后将磁控溅射真空腔抽真空至真空度为9.0×10-4Pa,进行磁控溅射。为了改善镀覆纳米铜薄膜的均匀性,磁控溅射过程中保持基底的转速为10r/min,预溅射的时间为60s,直流电源为200W,氩气的流量为15sccm,250W的溅射功率下溅射15min,得到铜复合羊毛织物。
实施例3
本实施例中铜复合羊毛织物的制备方法,具体步骤为:将羊毛织物浸入乙醇溶液中,30min后取出羊毛织物并用蒸馏水清洗以除去溶剂乙醇,放入烘箱烘干,得到预处理的羊毛织物;再采用低温真空的PECVD-601室等离子体气相沉积设备对烘干的羊毛织物进行表面刻蚀,其中,等离子体刻蚀的参数为:温度为80℃,压强为3.0×10-3Pa,电源功率为200W,处理的时间为15min,充入气体为氧气,体积流量为15sccm,得到处理的羊毛织物;然后采用MSP-300C型磁控溅射镀膜仪在处理的羊毛织物上镀覆纳米铜薄膜,调整保持铜靶材和处理的羊毛织物之间的距离为100mm,然后将磁控溅射真空腔抽真空至真空度为9.0×10-4Pa,进行磁控溅射。为了改善镀覆纳米铜薄膜的均匀性,磁控溅射过程中保持基底的转速为10r/min,预溅射的时间为60s,直流电源为200W,氩气的流量为20sccm,250W的溅射功率下溅射20min,得到铜复合羊毛织物。
实施例4
本实施例中铜复合羊毛织物的制备方法,具体步骤为:将羊毛织物浸入乙醇溶液中,30min后取出羊毛织物并用蒸馏水清洗以除去溶剂乙醇,放入烘箱烘干,得到预处理的羊毛织物;再采用低温真空的PECVD-601室等离子体气相沉积设备对烘干的羊毛织物进行表面刻蚀,其中,等离子体刻蚀的参数为:温度为80℃,压强为3.0×10-3Pa,电源功率为170W,处理的时间为15min,充入气体为氧气,体积流量为10sccm,得到处理的羊毛织物;然后采用MSP-300C型磁控溅射镀膜仪在处理的羊毛织物上镀覆纳米铜薄膜,调整保持银靶材和处理的羊毛织物之间的距离为100mm,然后将磁控溅射真空腔抽真空至真空度为9.0×10-4Pa,进行磁控溅射。为了改善镀覆纳米铜薄膜的均匀性,磁控溅射过程中保持基底的转速为10r/min,预溅射的时间为60s,直流电源为200W,氩气的流量为10sccm,200W的溅射功率下溅射5min,得到铜复合羊毛织物。
实施例5
本实施例中铜复合羊毛织物的制备方法,具体步骤为:将羊毛织物浸入乙醇溶液中,30min后取出羊毛织物并用蒸馏水清洗以除去溶剂乙醇,放入烘箱烘干,得到预处理的羊毛织物;再采用低温真空的PECVD-601室等离子体气相沉积设备对烘干的羊毛织物进行表面刻蚀,其中,等离子体刻蚀的参数为:温度为80℃,压强为3.0×10-3Pa,电源功率为170W,处理的时间为15min,充入气体为氧气,体积流量为10sccm,得到处理的羊毛织物;然后采用MSP-300C型磁控溅射镀膜仪在处理的羊毛织物上镀覆纳米铜薄膜,调整保持铜靶材和处理的羊毛织物之间的距离为100mm,然后将磁控溅射真空腔抽真空至真空度为9.0×10-4Pa,进行磁控溅射。为了改善镀覆纳米铜薄膜的均匀性,磁控溅射过程中保持基底的转速为10r/min,预溅射的时间为60s,直流电源为200W,氩气的流量为10sccm,250W的溅射功率下溅射5min,得到铜复合羊毛织物。
实施例6
本实施例中铜复合羊毛织物的制备方法,具体步骤为:将羊毛织物浸入乙醇溶液中,30min后取出羊毛织物并用蒸馏水清洗以除去溶剂乙醇,放入烘箱烘干,得到预处理的羊毛织物;再采用低温真空的PECVD-601室等离子体气相沉积设备对烘干的羊毛织物进行表面刻蚀,其中,等离子体刻蚀的参数为:温度为80℃,压强为3.0×10-3Pa,电源功率为170W,处理的时间为15min,充入气体为氧气,体积流量为12sccm,得到处理的羊毛织物;然后采用MSP-300C型磁控溅射镀膜仪在处理的羊毛织物上镀覆纳米铜薄膜,调整保持铜靶材和处理的羊毛织物之间的距离为100mm,然后将磁控溅射真空腔抽真空至真空度为9.0×10-4Pa,进行磁控溅射。为了改善镀覆纳米铜薄膜的均匀性,磁控溅射过程中保持基底的转速为10r/min,预溅射的时间为60s,直流电源为200W,氩气的流量为10sccm,200W的溅射功率下溅射10min,得到铜复合羊毛织物。
将上述实施例的羊毛复合织物分别剪成长度为10cm,宽度为10cm的块状,用四探针电阻仪测试其导电效果,结果如表1所示。
表1羊毛复合织物的隔热测试
组别 方阻/sq
实施例1 150
实施例2 132
实施例3 90
实施例4 114
实施例5 98
实施例6 99
根据实验结果,实施例3的导电效果达到最优。
上述对实施例的描述是为了便于该技术领域的普通技术人员能理解和使用本发明。熟悉本领域技术人员显然可以容易的对这些实施例作出各种修改,并把在此说明的一般原理应用到其他实施例中,而不必经过创造性的劳动。因此,本发明不限于上述实施例。本领域技术人员根据本发明的原理,不脱离本发明的范畴所做出的改进和修改都应该在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种羊毛复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括步骤:
(1)将羊毛织物经过预处理,得到预处理的羊毛织物;
(2)将预处理的羊毛织物进行等离子体表面刻蚀,得到处理的羊毛织物;
(3)在处理的羊毛织物表面镀覆纳米铜薄膜,得到铜复合的羊毛织物。
2.根据权利要求1所述羊毛复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(1)中,预处理的过程为:将羊毛织物浸入乙醇溶液中,取出并烘干,得到预处理的羊毛织物。
3.根据权利要求1所述羊毛复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,等离子体表面刻蚀的过程为:采用等离子体设备对预处理的羊毛织物进行表面刻蚀,其中,等离子体表面刻蚀的参数包括:温度为80℃,压强为3.0×10-3Pa,电源功率为150-300W,处理时间为10-15min,充入气体为氧气且体积流量为10-20sccm。
4.根据权利要求1所述羊毛复合材料的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,镀覆纳米铜薄膜的过程为:调整磁控溅射镀膜设备和处理的羊毛织物之间的距离为100mm,抽真空至真空度为9.0×10-4Pa,磁控溅射过程中保持基底的转速为10r/min,预溅射的时间为60-300s,总溅射的时间为5-25min,氧气的流量为10-20sccm,溅射的功率为200-350W。
5.一种羊毛复合材料,其特征在于,通过权利要求1至4任一项所述羊毛复合材料的制备方法得到。
6.权利要求5所述的羊毛复合材料在功能纺织品中的应用。
7.根据权利要求6所述的应用,其特征在于,所述功能纺织品包括不限于柔性可穿戴电子器件。
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