CN111619737A

CN111619737A - Mooring system for a floating structure

Info

Publication number: CN111619737A
Application number: CN202010310517.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 贾成铭; 张洪刚; 淦学甄; 朱鹏飞; 刘嫚
Original assignee: Zhejiang Ocean University ZJOU
Current assignee: Zhejiang Ocean University ZJOU
Priority date: 2020-04-20
Filing date: 2020-04-20
Publication date: 2020-09-04
Anticipated expiration: 2040-04-20
Also published as: CN111619737B

Abstract

The invention discloses a mooring system for a floating structure, which belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering mooring and comprises a floating platform, an air bag and a fixing assembly, wherein fixing columns are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the floating platform, the fixing assembly is fixed on the fixing columns, the fixing assembly is connected with a hanging ring through a mooring rope, a floating drum is connected below the hanging ring, an anchor chain is connected below the floating drum, the tail end of the anchor chain is fixedly connected with an anchor, the anchor is buried in a sea bed, and the air bag is arranged below the floating platform. The mooring system can realize multi-point mooring and single-point mooring, has strong overall stability, can effectively prevent the floating platform from overturning, has small shaking amplitude and has higher wind and wave resistance.

Description

Mooring system for a floating structure

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of ocean engineering mooring, and particularly relates to a mooring system for a floating structure.

Background

With the continuous development and construction of marine islands in China, a floating platform which does not damage the marine ecological environment is required to be used as a wharf for berthing cargo ships and loading, unloading and transferring goods and materials. With global warming in recent years, typhoons frequently occur and the grade gradually increases. The positioning capability of a mooring system of a floating ocean platform is tested to a great extent, and how to ensure the normal production of the floating platform or improve the storm self-storage capability is a great problem in the service process.

The existing mooring modes mainly include a turret type single-point mooring mode, a catenary type multi-point mooring mode and a tension type multi-point mooring mode, wherein the turret type single-point mooring mode is a common mooring mode under severe environment conditions, but a floating body rotates along with the turret type single-point mooring mode when the direction of stormy waves changes, so that other ships and the floating body are not beneficial to transversely mooring and carrying out operation, and the catenary type and tension type multi-point mooring modes are usually that a plurality of mooring points are arranged at the angular points or along the circumference of a floating platform. Although the two multi-point mooring modes have stronger positioning capability and the floating body is not easy to rotate, the two multi-point mooring modes have the following defects: when a ship or other small ships stop, collision can occur, the ship is damaged, the safety coefficient is low, and meanwhile, the mooring system is long in construction time and high in construction cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a mooring system for a floating structure, which can realize multi-point mooring and single-point mooring, has strong overall stability, can effectively prevent the floating platform from overturning, has small shaking amplitude and has higher wind and wave resistance.

The technical scheme adopted by the invention for realizing the purpose is as follows: a mooring system for floating structure, including floating platform, gasbag, fixed subassembly, the bilateral symmetry of floating platform is equipped with the fixed column, is fixed with fixed subassembly on the fixed column, and fixed subassembly passes through hawser connection rings, and the flotation pontoon is connected to rings below, and the anchor chain is connected to the flotation pontoon below, and the anchor chain end links firmly the anchor, and the anchor is buried in the seabed, and floating platform below is equipped with the gasbag. The floating platform can be switched between multi-point mooring and single-point mooring when needed, the fixing assemblies arranged on two sides of the floating platform can further fix the floating platform through the mooring rope, the buoy and the anchor chain, the floating platform is prevented from being greatly shaken in water, the stability of the floating platform is improved, when the floating platform is moored at a single point, the air bag arranged below the floating platform can reduce the impact of stormy waves on the platform on one hand, on the other hand, the overturning of the floating platform is prevented, the integral stability of a mooring system is effectively improved, meanwhile, the mooring system has strong capability of adapting to the environment, and the mooring system has an excellent mooring effect.

Preferably, the fixing component comprises a mounting plate, a semicircular chute is formed in the mounting plate, a spring is installed in the chute, the movable end of the spring is connected with a ring buckle, the upper surface of the ring buckle is fixedly connected with a pull rod, and an elongated slot for sliding the pull rod is formed in the surface of the mounting plate. The fixing component is used for fixing the position of the floating platform, the floating platform is prevented from moving up and down or being separated from a fixing column above the platform when stormy waves are large, when the fixing component needs to be fixed on the fixing column, a pull rod above the buckle is pulled to slide to one side of the sliding groove, two thirds of the buckle enters the sliding groove, the pull rod is pushed to drive the buckle to rotate reversely when the buckle is clamped into the corresponding position of the fixing column, the spring can also have certain reverse thrust to the buckle, and the buckle can be conveniently clamped into the fixing column.

Preferably, a semicircular annular groove is formed in the middle of the fixing column, an opening of the annular groove is recessed inwards, the opening height of the annular groove is larger than the diameter of the ring buckle, steel balls are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the inner portion of the annular groove, and stop blocks are arranged on the two sides of each steel ball. The ring-shaped groove arranged in the middle of the fixing column is used for limiting the ring fastener, the ring fastener can be clamped into the ring-shaped groove, when single-point mooring is needed and water flow impacts the floating platform, the ring fastener clamped in the ring-shaped groove can have the phenomenon of difficulty in sliding, the steel balls are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the ring-shaped groove and are arranged in a rolling mode, the steel balls can abut against the outer surface of the ring fastener and can easily slide out of the ring fastener in the ring-shaped groove, and meanwhile the stop blocks on the two sides of the steel balls play a limiting role in.

Preferably, a cavity is formed in the buoy, a winding roll is arranged in the middle of the cavity, an anchor chain is wound on the surface of the winding roll, the middle of the winding roll is connected with a motor through a rotating shaft, the motor is located in a motor shell, and the motor shell is connected with one side of the buoy. The take-up reel that the inside setting of flotation pontoon can receive and release the anchor chain, and the motor can drive the take-up reel, makes the take-up reel rotatory, carries out appropriate tightening up to the anchor chain, reduces rocking of whole floating platform, avoids the anchor chain because of the uneven sudden fracture's that leads to of atress the condition, and very big improvement whole mooring system's stability has also strengthened the adaptability of this system to the environment equally.

Preferably, gasbag top surface middle part is equipped with the connecting block, the axis of rotation is passed through at the connecting block top, axis of rotation top cover is equipped with driven gear, driven gear left side and driving gear meshing, the motor is connected to the middle part top of driving gear, driven gear, the driving gear, the motor all is located floating platform, the inside cavity of axis of rotation, and inside outlet duct and the intake pipe of being equipped with of axis of rotation, the connecting block that outlet duct and intake pipe passed the gasbag top is located the ejector pin, the air pump of floating platform top is connected to the inlet end of intake pipe, a plurality of gas. Under abominable weather, but starter motor, it rotates to drive the gasbag by the driving gear, it has appropriate amount of gas to need to guarantee in the gasbag, slow down the impact of rivers and improve floating platform's buoyancy, ventilate in the air inlet pipe through setting up the air pump, gaseous can be through the gas pocket blowout on ejector pin surface, dash until the saturation in the gasbag, can set up the pneumatic valve in the outlet duct, a suitable amount of discharge is carried out to real-time gas in the gasbag for make the gas in the gasbag be in balanced state all the time, floating platform is all passed with the outlet duct to this air inlet pipe, the axis of rotation, be located the ejector pin of gasbag.

Preferably, compression springs are uniformly distributed in an interlayer of the side wall of the air bag, the lower surface of a connecting block in the middle of the top surface of the air bag is connected with an ejector rod, the end part below the ejector rod is connected with an arc-shaped pressing block, a steel ball is pressed below the arc-shaped pressing block, and the bottom surface of the steel ball is pressed against the inner bottom surface of the air bag. Under bad weather, single point mooring can be adopted, the floating platform can swing in any direction according to the flow direction of water, the air pump ventilates the air inlet pipe, the buoyancy of the floating platform is ensured by inflating the air bag, the air in the air bag can be discharged through the air outlet pipe when the air is excessive, the air in the air bag is always kept in a balanced state, when the water impacts the air bag, a certain amount of deformation can be generated in the air bag, the steel ball in the air bag can control the deformation amount generated by the impact of the air bag by water flow, the rotating shaft drives the air bag to rotate, the air bag can also have recoil force to the impacted water, the water flow with stronger impact force is flicked, the water flow close to the periphery of the air bag forms vortex, the direct impact of outer water flow to the air bag can be effectively blocked, the ejector rod in the air bag is matched to fix the steel ball on the bottom surface of the air bag through the, the stability of the air bag and the floating platform can be ensured, even if the floating platform is impacted to be inclined by water, the whole floating platform can not overturn and incline through the fixed steel ball and the downward gravity center of the steel ball, and the impact of water flow can be further weakened by the compression spring arranged in the air bag interlayer.

Preferably, the lower surface of the air bag is connected with a rod shaft, a bearing is sleeved outside the rod shaft, a bearing sleeve is sleeved on the surface of the bearing, and an anchor chain is fixedly connected below the bearing sleeve. The shaft is connected with below the gasbag, and the bearing that the cover was established outside the shaft enables the bearing housing of cover in the bearing can not rotate along with the rotation of gasbag, and the anchor chain is connected to the bearing housing below can play the traction to gasbag and floating platform, also can not influence the normal operating of gasbag simultaneously.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) according to the invention, the winding roll is arranged in the buoy, so that the tightness of the anchor chain can be controlled in real time, the situation of sudden fracture of the anchor chain caused by uneven stress is avoided, and the stability of the whole mooring system is greatly improved; 2) the arrangement of the annular grooves on the fixing component and the fixing column plays a good limiting role, and the floating platform is prevented from moving up and down or separating from the fixing column above the floating platform when the wind waves are large, and the phenomenon that the floating platform cannot slide out when the floating platform needs to slide out of the ring buckle is avoided; 3) the internal arrangement of the air bag can reduce the impact of wind and wave on the platform, prevent the floating platform from overturning and further ensure the stability of the air bag and the floating platform.

Description of reference numerals: 1, a cable; 2, an air pump; 3, hanging rings; 4, a buoy; 5, a floating platform; 6, an air bag; 7, an anchor chain; 8, anchoring; 9 a motor casing; 10 bearing sleeves; 11 fixing the component; 111 mounting plate; 112 a pull rod; 113 a spring; 114 chute; 115, ring-buckling; 12 fixing columns; 13 annular grooves; 14 a take-up reel; 15 a cavity; 16 driving gears; 17 rotating the shaft; 18 a driven gear; 19, a mandril; 20, arc-shaped pressing blocks; 21, steel balls; 22 bearings; 23 bearing sleeves; a 24 shaft; 25 compressing the spring; 26 connecting blocks; 27 steel balls; 28 stop block.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a front view of a mooring system for a floating structure according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the mooring system for a floating structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fixing assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a front view of the fixing post of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a top view of the fixing post of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the buoy of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the airbag of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1-7, the mooring system for the floating structure comprises a floating platform 5, an air bag 6 and a fixing assembly 11, wherein fixing columns 12 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the floating platform 5, the fixing assembly 11 is fixed on the fixing columns 12, the fixing assembly 11 is connected with a lifting ring 3 through a mooring rope 1, a buoy 4 is connected below the lifting ring 3, an anchor chain 7 is connected below the buoy 4, an anchor 8 is fixedly connected to the tail end of the anchor chain 7, the anchor 8 is buried in a seabed, and the air bag 6 is arranged below the floating platform 5. The floating platform can be switched between multi-point mooring and single-point mooring when needed, the fixing assemblies arranged on two sides of the floating platform can further fix the floating platform through the mooring rope, the buoy and the anchor chain, the floating platform is prevented from being greatly shaken in water, the stability of the floating platform is improved, when the floating platform is moored at a single point, the air bag arranged below the floating platform can reduce the impact of stormy waves on the platform on one hand, on the other hand, the overturning of the floating platform is prevented, the integral stability of a mooring system is effectively improved, meanwhile, the mooring system has strong capability of adapting to the environment, and the mooring system has an excellent mooring effect.

The fixing component 11 includes a mounting plate 111, a semicircular sliding groove 114 is formed in the mounting plate 111, a spring 113 is installed in the sliding groove 114, a movable end of the spring 113 is connected with a ring buckle 115, an upper surface of the ring buckle 115 is fixedly connected with the pull rod 112, and a long groove for sliding the pull rod 112 is formed in the surface of the mounting plate 111. The fixing component is used for fixing the position of the floating platform, the floating platform is prevented from moving up and down or being separated from a fixing column above the platform when stormy waves are large, when the fixing component needs to be fixed on the fixing column, a pull rod above the buckle is pulled to slide to one side of the sliding groove, two thirds of the buckle enters the sliding groove, the pull rod is pushed to drive the buckle to rotate reversely when the buckle is clamped into the corresponding position of the fixing column, the spring can also have certain reverse thrust to the buckle, and the buckle can be conveniently clamped into the fixing column.

The middle part of the fixed column 12 is provided with a semicircular annular groove 13, the opening of the annular groove 13 is sunken inwards, the opening height of the annular groove 13 is larger than the diameter of the ring buckle 115, steel balls 27 are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the inside of the annular groove 13, and stop blocks 28 are arranged on the two sides of the steel balls 27. The ring-shaped groove arranged in the middle of the fixing column is used for limiting the ring fastener, the ring fastener can be clamped into the ring-shaped groove, when single-point mooring is needed and water flow impacts the floating platform, the ring fastener clamped in the ring-shaped groove can have the phenomenon of difficulty in sliding, the steel balls are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the ring-shaped groove and are arranged in a rolling mode, the steel balls can abut against the outer surface of the ring fastener and can easily slide out of the ring fastener in the ring-shaped groove, and meanwhile the stop blocks on the two sides of the steel balls play a limiting role in.

A cavity 15 is formed in the buoy 4, a winding roll 14 is arranged in the middle of the cavity 15, an anchor chain 7 is wound on the surface of the winding roll 14, the middle of the winding roll 14 is connected with a motor through a rotating shaft, the motor is located in a motor shell 9, and the motor shell 9 is connected with one side of the buoy 4. The take-up reel that the inside setting of flotation pontoon can receive and release the anchor chain, and the motor can drive the take-up reel, makes the take-up reel rotatory, carries out appropriate tightening up to the anchor chain, reduces rocking of whole floating platform, avoids the anchor chain because of the uneven sudden fracture's that leads to of atress the condition, and very big improvement whole mooring system's stability has also strengthened the adaptability of this system to the environment equally.

6 top surface middle parts of gasbag are equipped with connecting block 26, connecting block 26 top is passed through the screw connection axis of rotation 17, axis of rotation 17 top cover is equipped with driven

gear

18, 18 left sides of driven gear and the meshing of driving gear 16, the motor is connected to driving gear 16's middle part top, driven gear 18, driving gear 16, the motor all is located floating platform 5, the inside cavity of axis of rotation 17, and inside outlet duct and the intake pipe of being equipped with of axis of rotation 17, the connecting block 26 that outlet duct and intake pipe passed 6 tops of gasbag is located ejector pin 19, the air pump 2 of floating platform 5 top is connected to the inlet end of intake pipe, a plurality of. Under abominable weather, but starter motor, it rotates to drive the gasbag by the driving gear, it has appropriate amount of gas to need to guarantee in the gasbag, slow down the impact of rivers and improve floating platform's buoyancy, ventilate in the air inlet pipe through setting up the air pump, gaseous can be through the gas pocket blowout on ejector pin surface, dash until the saturation in the gasbag, can set up the pneumatic valve in the outlet duct, a suitable amount of discharge is carried out to real-time gas in the gasbag for make the gas in the gasbag be in balanced state all the time, floating platform is all passed with the outlet duct to this air inlet pipe, the axis of rotation, be located the ejector pin of gasbag.

Compression springs 25 are uniformly distributed in an interlayer of the side wall of the air bag 6, the lower surface of a connecting block 26 in the middle of the top surface of the air bag 6 is connected with an ejector rod 19, the end part below the ejector rod 19 is connected with an arc-shaped pressing block 20, a steel ball 21 is pressed below the arc-shaped pressing block 20, and the bottom surface of the steel ball 21 is propped against the bottom surface inside the air bag 6. Under bad weather, single point mooring can be adopted, the floating platform can swing in any direction according to the flow direction of water, the air pump ventilates the air inlet pipe, the buoyancy of the floating platform is ensured by inflating the air bag, the air in the air bag can be discharged through the air outlet pipe when the air is excessive, the air in the air bag is always kept in a balanced state, when the water impacts the air bag, a certain amount of deformation can be generated in the air bag, the steel ball in the air bag can control the deformation amount generated by the impact of the air bag by water flow, the rotating shaft drives the air bag to rotate, the air bag can also have recoil force to the impacted water, the water flow with stronger impact force is flicked, the water flow close to the periphery of the air bag forms vortex, the direct impact of outer water flow to the air bag can be effectively blocked, the ejector rod in the air bag is matched to fix the steel ball on the bottom surface of the air bag through the, the stability of the air bag and the floating platform can be ensured, even if the floating platform is impacted to be inclined by water, the whole floating platform can not overturn and incline through the fixed steel ball and the downward gravity center of the steel ball, and the impact of water flow can be further weakened by the compression spring arranged in the air bag interlayer.

The lower surface of the air bag 6 is connected with a rod shaft 24, a bearing 22 is sleeved outside the rod shaft 24, a bearing sleeve 23 is sleeved on the surface of the bearing 22, and an anchor chain 7 is fixedly connected below the bearing sleeve 23. The shaft is connected with below the gasbag, and the bearing that the cover was established outside the shaft enables the bearing housing of cover in the bearing can not rotate along with the rotation of gasbag, and the anchor chain is connected to the bearing housing below can play the traction to gasbag and floating platform, also can not influence the normal operating of gasbag simultaneously.

Example 2:

the mooring system for a floating structure of the invention, during actual operation: a fixed column 12 is arranged above the floating platform 5, a fixing component 11 is fixed on an upper annular groove 13 of the fixed column 12 to be fixed, the floating platform 5 is prevented from moving up and down or being separated from the fixed column 12 above the platform, the end part of the fixing component 11 is connected with a mooring rope 1, the mooring rope 1 is connected with a buoy 4 through a hanging ring 3, a winding reel 14 is arranged in the buoy 4, an anchor chain 7 is wound on the winding reel 14, the winding reel 14 is controlled by a motor and can be used for winding and unwinding the anchor chain 7, under the condition of emergency wind and wave, the motor can drive the winding reel 14 to rotate the winding reel to appropriately tighten the anchor chain 7, the shaking of the whole floating platform is reduced, the condition that the anchor chain is suddenly broken due to uneven stress is avoided, mooring can be adopted in severe weather, the floating platform 6 can swing in any direction according to the flow direction of a water body, the air pump 2 can convey air to an air inlet pipe to enable the air in the air, the rotating shaft 17 drives the air bag 6 to rotate, and the top rod 19 in the air bag 6 and the steel ball 21 below the top rod 19 are matched, so that the stability of the air bag 19 and the floating platform 5 can be ensured, and the whole floating platform cannot overturn or incline.

The above disclosure is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and it is therefore to be understood that the invention is not limited by the scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. Mooring system for a floating structure, comprising a floating platform (5), an air bag (6), a fixing assembly (11), characterized in that: the floating type water-saving pipeline is characterized in that fixed columns (12) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the floating platform (5), fixed components (11) are fixed on the fixed columns (12), the fixed components (11) are connected with lifting rings (3) through mooring ropes (1), floating drums (4) are connected below the lifting rings (3), anchor chains (7) are connected below the floating drums (4), anchors (8) are fixedly connected to the tail ends of the anchor chains (7), the anchors (8) are buried in a seabed, and air bags (6) are arranged below the floating platform (5).

2. Mooring system for a floating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixing component (11) comprises a mounting plate (111), a semicircular sliding groove (114) is formed in the mounting plate (111), a spring (113) is installed in the sliding groove (114), the movable end of the spring (113) is connected with a buckle (115), the upper surface of the buckle (115) is fixedly connected with a pull rod (112), and a long groove used for sliding the pull rod (112) is formed in the surface of the mounting plate (111).

3. Mooring system for a floating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fixing column is characterized in that a semicircular annular groove (13) is formed in the middle of the fixing column (12), an opening of the annular groove (13) is recessed inwards, the opening height of the annular groove (13) is larger than the diameter of the ring buckle (115), steel balls (27) are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the inside of the annular groove (13), and stop blocks (28) are arranged on the two sides of each steel ball (27).

4. Mooring system for a floating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: cavity (15) have been seted up in flotation pontoon (4), cavity (15) middle part is equipped with take-up reel (14), take-up reel (14) surface wraparound has hawse (7), take-up reel (14) middle part is through the pivot connection motor, the motor is located motor casing (9), flotation pontoon (4) one side is connected in motor casing (9).

5. Mooring system for a floating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: gasbag (6) top surface middle part is equipped with connecting block (26), connecting block (26) top is through screw connection axis of rotation (17), axis of rotation (17) top cover is equipped with driven gear (18), driven gear (18) left side and driving gear (16) meshing, the motor is connected to the middle part top of driving gear (16), driven gear (18), driving gear (16), motor all are located floating platform (5), axis of rotation (17) inside cavity, and axis of rotation (17) inside outlet duct and the intake pipe of being equipped with, the outlet duct is located ejector pin (19) with connecting block (26) that the intake pipe passed gasbag (6) top, air pump (2) of floating platform (5) top are connected to the inlet end of intake pipe, a plurality of gas pockets have been seted up on ejector pin (19) surface.

6. Mooring system for a floating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: compression springs (25) are evenly distributed in an interlayer of the side wall of the air bag (6), an ejector rod (19) is connected to the lower surface of a connecting block (26) in the middle of the top surface of the air bag (6), an arc-shaped pressing block (20) is connected to the end portion below the ejector rod (19), a steel ball (21) is pressed below the arc-shaped pressing block (20), and the bottom surface of the steel ball (21) is pressed against the inner bottom surface of the air bag (6).

7. Mooring system for a floating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower surface of the air bag (6) is connected with a rod shaft (24), a bearing (22) is sleeved on the outer side of the rod shaft (24), a bearing sleeve (23) is sleeved on the surface of the bearing (22), and an anchor chain (7) is fixedly connected below the bearing sleeve (23).