CN111616292A - 一种杀菌抑菌消毒剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种杀菌抑菌消毒剂及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- CN111616292A CN111616292A CN202010449418.6A CN202010449418A CN111616292A CN 111616292 A CN111616292 A CN 111616292A CN 202010449418 A CN202010449418 A CN 202010449418A CN 111616292 A CN111616292 A CN 111616292A
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- disinfectant
- bacteriostatic
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种杀菌抑菌消毒剂及其制备方法，其中，所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂是一种浓缩液体，浓缩液体包括：生物类黄酮60‑100重量份、柠檬酸1‑3重量份、甘油1‑10重量份、维生素C 3‑8重量份、维生素E 1‑3重量份。本发明的杀菌抑菌消毒剂是一种天然类黄酮杀菌抑菌消毒剂，与传统单一配方消毒剂相比，具有较强的抗有机干扰物性能，且持续抑菌时间长，对大肠杆菌的杀灭效果显著，试验表明能有效抑制800种细菌、病毒、100多种真菌。
Description
技术领域
本发明主要涉及消毒剂技术领域，特别涉及一种杀菌抑菌消毒剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
抑菌消毒剂广谱用于杀灭传播媒介上病原微生物，使其达到无害化要求，
将病原微生物消灭于人体之外，切断传染病的传播途径，达到控制传染病的目的。
目前市场普遍消毒剂按照其作用的水平可分为灭菌剂、高效消毒剂、中效消毒剂、低效消毒剂。
灭菌剂可杀灭一切微生物使其达到灭菌要求，包括甲醛、戊二醛、环氧乙烷、过氧乙酸、过氧化氢、二氧化氯、氯气、硫酸铜、生石灰、乙醇等。
常用的消毒剂产品以成分分类主要有9种：含氯消毒剂、过氧化物类消毒剂、醛类消毒剂、醇类消毒剂、含碘消毒剂、酚类消毒剂、环氧乙烷、双胍类消毒剂和季铵盐类消毒剂。
此外，还有双胍类和季铵盐类消毒剂，它们属于阳离子表面活性剂，具有杀菌和去污作用，医院里一般用于非关键物品的清洁消毒，也可用于手消毒，将其溶于乙醇可增强其杀菌效果作为皮肤消毒剂。由于这类化合物可改变细菌细胞膜的通透性，常将它们与其他消毒剂复配以提高其杀菌效果和杀菌速度。
由于消毒剂其本身就是一种危险品，故不可过度使用。如过氧乙酸是一种强氧化剂，各种微生物对其十分敏感，可将所有微生物杀灭。但因其氧化能力强，高浓度时可刺激、损害皮肤黏膜，腐蚀物品。同时，长期大量使用消毒剂、灭菌剂，会使微生物产生抗药性，灭菌效果大大降低。
日常生活中常用的消毒剂主要有含氯消毒剂，比如大家熟知的84消毒液，这种产品在超市就可以买到，可以用来消毒餐具、桌椅、厕所洁具等物品。一般情况下，居室空气无需使用专门的消毒剂消毒，通风换气是保证居室空气卫生质量的重要措施。确实需要用消毒剂进行杀菌、消毒时，可选择一定浓度的过氧乙酸或过氧化氢喷雾消毒，也可选择臭氧空气消毒机，消毒后还要通风换气。
综上所述目前市场使用的各类抑菌消毒剂大多数为化学合成或者含有一些有害化学合成成分，对使用安全存在一定的风险和未知的伤害。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供一种杀菌抑菌消毒剂及其制备方法，解决现有化学杀菌抑菌消毒剂存在安全风险和未知的伤害等问题。
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种杀菌抑菌消毒剂，是一种浓缩液体，浓缩液体中包括以下重量份数的组分：
在一具体例子中，所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂包括以下重量份数的组分：
在一具体例子中，所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂包括以下重量份数的组分：
在一具体例子中，所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂包括以下重量份数的组分：
在一具体例子中，所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂包括以下重量份数的组分：
进一步地，所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂是一种天然类黄酮消毒剂，主要含天然类黄酮成分；所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂的各组分使用的材料为食用级，所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂是食品级天然杀菌；所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂具有抑制800种细菌、病毒、100多种真菌的能力。
进一步地，所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂的生物类黄酮组分是由天然类黄酮植物或含黄酮成分的天然材料提取；所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂对大肠杆菌具杀灭能力。
进一步地，所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂的生物类黄酮组分是柑橘提取物，或者是柑橘提取物与中药的黄酮类化合物的混合物。
本发明还提供一种制备杀菌抑菌消毒剂的方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一，在常温常压条件下，取天然类黄酮提取液作为生物类黄酮，静置后投放进入生产容器中，生产容器内加入有100份水，搅拌均匀；
步骤二，将步骤一提取液混合搅拌均匀，随后依次加入维生素C、维生素E、甘油、柠檬酸，再次搅拌均匀，备用；
步骤三，将步骤二得到的产物进行离心处理，随后进行过滤纯化，再经过单效浓缩设备浓缩后作为杀菌抑菌消毒剂。
进一步地，所述步骤三中，离心转速设定为300-500r/min，离心时间设定为5-10min。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明通过采用一种新型天然类黄酮复配抑菌消毒剂，与传统单一配方消毒剂相比，具有较强的抗有机干扰物性能，且持续抑菌时间长，对大肠杆菌的杀灭效果显著。其试验表明能有效抑制800种细菌、病毒、100多种真菌。
本发明的杀菌抑菌消毒剂采用了天然来源并且为常见的植物或者中草药提取物，利用各种天然植物中所存在的成分和特性，从中发挥其中的特殊功效性。
本发明填补了目前市场天然来源广谱抑菌消毒剂的空白，具有重大的市场价值；为人类提供天然、健康、环保的美好生活提供多一个有效的保障。
具体实施方式
本发明所提供的下述某些实施例的描述并非将发明限制在这些实施例中，而是提供给本领域任何一个普通技术人员来制造和使用本发明。
本发明的杀菌抑菌消毒剂是一种天然类黄酮杀菌抑菌消毒剂，使用的材料均为食用级，并且由天然常见的植物中提取，其中含有丰富的天然类黄酮成分，具有显著抗氧化的作用，使得食物表皮抗氧化能力增强，减少自由基，且抑制了有害菌对食物的霉变作用机理，防止食物与空气中的氧气自由接触，减缓食物的新陈代谢，延长其保质期。本发明的杀菌抑菌消毒剂的主要成份为生物类黄酮(bioflavonoids)，即维生素P，是植物次级代谢产物，它们并非单一的化合物，而是多种具有类似结构和活性物质的总称，因多呈黄色而被称为生物类黄酮。主要的维生素P类化合物包括黄酮、芸香素、橙皮素等，属于水溶性维生素。维生素P中的“P”是指permeability(意为通透性)。由于它最初是从柠檬中分离出来的，化学本质为黄酮类，所以又称为生物类黄酮。
类黄酮在植物界中分布很普遍，已发现的天然类黄酮有2000多种，类黄酮在藻类、菌类中很少发现，苔藓植物大多含有类黄酮，裸子植物中也含有类黄酮，但类型较少，主要为双类黄酮；类黄酮成分最集中的是被子植物，其中豆科、蔷薇科、芸香科、伞形科、杜鹃花科、报春花科、唇形科、玄参科、马鞭草科、菊科、蓼科、鼠李科、冬青科、桃金娘科、桑科、大戟科、尾科、兰科、莎草科和姜科尤为富集。含有类黄酮的常用中药有槐米、黄芪、葛根、陈皮、枳实、银杏叶、山楂、菊花、野菊花、淫羊藿、射干等；而动物和人类日粮中的豆类中类黄酮含量较多，主要是大豆异黄酮及其糖苷。水果中生物类黄酮的来源包括芦丁(荞麦中含量很高，苦荞含量又是普通荞麦的10多倍)以及橙皮苷，主要存在于柑橘类水果中。最好的食物来源是野玫瑰果、荞麦叶、柑橘类水果、浆果、椰菜、樱桃、葡萄、木瓜、哈密瓜、李子、茶叶、以及番茄。黄瓜中也含有特殊的生物类黄酮，它可以阻止致癌的激素与细胞结合。以上天然类黄酮植物，可采用现有技术的方法进行提取。
维生素P的主要作用在于维持毛细血管壁的正常通透性，缺少它则会使毛细血管壁的通透性增强，所以它又叫通透性维生素。
在自然界中，生物类黄酮所含有的维生素P常常与维生素C共存，防止维生素C被氧化而受到破坏，增强维生素C的效果。
生物类黄酮的主要功效具有抗菌、消炎及抗过敏作用。黄酮类化合物中的抗菌成分较多，对细菌有广泛性的抑制。0.005％游离的异黄酮即可抑制真菌的活性，随着其浓度的增加，抑菌活性还在不断增强，但浓度超过0.1％后，浓度增加不再有显著的增效作用。生物类黄酮及其功效的具体例子如下：
黄酮单体类化合物licochaione A最低浓度为0.3μg/kg时，体外对革兰氏阳性菌、杆菌、棒形菌有明显的抑制作用；
大豆异黄酮还具有在胃肠道内杀灭病原微生物的作用，并可刺激人体的免疫系统，以保护身体抵御致病病原体的侵袭；
染料木黄酮具有可抑制DNA裂合酶(TOPO II)的作用，还有温和的抗炎作用；
木犀草素(天然黄酮类化合物)对H suis有很强的抑制作用，浓度在1:3500时可抑制葡萄球菌和枯草杆菌的生长，对卡他、白色念珠、变形菌也有抑制作用；
花青素类中的飞燕草素(属黄酮类化合物)有很强的抗养化与抗炎作用，可抑制头皮生理性皮脂分泌过度及后发的病菌感染；
茶多酚类(主要成分含黄酮)能抗炎抗口腔微生物作用，可有效防止龋齿发生；
柑橘类黄酮中如槲皮素、洋姜荽苷等也有抗炎活性，并且效果与剂量相关；其主要机理在于影响花生酸代谢以及抑制组胺释出；洋姜荽苷(Diosmin)作为一种抗发炎的强保护剂能显著地减少水肿的形成；
黄酮类化合物kievieine在极低低浓度时，就对有人体致病革兰氏阳性菌有较强的抑制作用；cirsiliol、naingin、3’,4’-二乙酸基-5,6,7-三甲氧基黄酮等可用来治疗传染病，特别对滤过性病毒如：HCV、HIV，或寄生虫如弓浆虫等引起的感染有治疗作用；
3-O-甲基槲皮素具有抑制局对灰质炎病毒的作用；槲皮素可弱化疱疹病毒、脊髓灰质炎病毒、流感病毒和呼吸合胞病毒的感染和复制能力；
黄芩甙元、木樨曹素、槲皮素、槲皮万寿菊素、杨梅黄酮、木樨草素-7-葡萄糖苷等8种类黄酮化合物具有抑制HIV病毒逆转录酶活性从而抑制HIV繁殖的作用；1,4-甘草查耳酮、甘草异黄酮Licochalcone及Glycycoumarin有抑制HIV增殖的作用；
从连翘中分离出来的金丝桃素在实验室可明显抑制HIV成熟过程的最后步骤。其主要机理是由于抑制了溶酶体H+-ATP酶和磷酸酯酶A2的脱壳作用，影响病毒转移基因的磷酸化，从而抑制病毒和RNA的合成。
较佳地，本发明天然类黄酮来自柑橘提取物，从柑橘属水果中提取得到，一种或多种的组合，也可与常用中药的类黄酮化合物混合使用。
本发明的杀菌抑菌消毒剂中还含有维生素C和维生素E。其中，维生素C是高效抗氧化剂，用来减轻抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(ascorbate peroxidase)Sch的氧化应激(oxidativestress)，维生素C的结构类似葡萄糖，是一种多羟基化合物，其分子中第2及第3位上两个相邻的烯醇式羟基极易解离而释出H+，故具有酸的性质，又称抗坏血酸。维生素C的抗氧化作用。维生素C的抗氧化作用可以理解为是一种“保护作用”，例如，保护人类机体或新鲜果蔬不易被氧化剂氧化损害。本发明的杀菌抑菌消毒剂中采用天然维生素C
维生素E具有抗氧化的作用，对酸、热都很稳定，对碱不稳定，若在铁盐、铅盐或油脂酸败的条件下，会加速其氧化而被破坏。本发明的杀菌抑菌消毒剂中采用天然维生素E。
本发明的杀菌抑菌消毒剂，是一种天然类黄酮杀菌抑菌消毒剂，含有丰富的天然类黄酮成分，使用的材料均可为食用级，专用于食物天然的保鲜、保味，绿色、环保。本发明的杀菌抑菌消毒剂的主要组分可以是由天然植物中提取，是一种浓缩液体，浓缩液体中包括以下重量份数的组分：
第一种具体例子中，所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂的浓缩液体包括以下重量份数的组分：
第二具体例子中，所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂的浓缩液体包括以下重量份数的组分：
第三具体例子中，所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂的浓缩液体包括以下重量份数的组分：
第四种具体例子中，所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂的浓缩液体包括以下重量份数的组分：
本发明通过采用一种新型天然类黄酮复配抑菌消毒剂，与传统单一配方消毒剂相比，具有较强的抗有机干扰物性能，且持续抑菌时间长，对大肠杆菌的杀灭效果显著。其试验表明能有效抑制800种细菌、病毒、100多种真菌。本发明的杀菌抑菌消毒剂是一种浓缩液体，使用时稀释80-100倍纯净水，当然也可直接使用。
上述第一至第四的具体例子的四种配方的杀菌抑菌消毒剂进行稀释，对金黄色葡萄球菌、枯草芽抱杆菌、大肠埃希菌的MIC检测结果如下表1：
表1四组杀菌抑菌消毒剂的最小抑菌浓度
注：“+”表示平板上有细菌生长，“-”表示平板上无细菌生长，细菌生长受到抑制。
本发明杀菌抑菌消毒剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一，在常温常压条件下，将天然类黄酮提取液静置，获得上述配方量的生物类黄酮并投放进入生产容器中，生产容器内加入有100份水(较佳为纯净水)，搅拌均匀；
步骤二，将步骤一提取液混合搅拌均匀，随后依次加入上述配方量的维生素C、维生素E、甘油、柠檬酸，再次搅拌均匀，备用；
步骤三，将步骤二得到的产物进行离心处理，随后进行过滤纯化，再经过单效浓缩后作为天然杀菌抑菌消毒剂。其中，步骤一的天然类黄酮提取液，是按现有技术的方法对在天然黄酮类或含黄酮成份的材料进行提取，获得的提取液作为本发明的生物类黄酮组分。
步骤三中，离心转速设定为300-500r/min，离心时间设定为5-10min。
本发明的天然杀菌抑菌消毒剂及其制备方法，各组分在日常生活中十分常见，来源广泛，容易得到，抗氧化性和抗菌性能良好，有效维持天然的色香味，安全无毒，环保健康，成本低廉，制备工艺简单便捷，具有较高的实用价值。
上述方法的制备的杀菌抑菌消毒剂是一种天然类黄酮杀菌抑菌消毒剂，使用的材料均可食用，并且主要组分是由天然常见的植物中提取，含有丰富的天然类黄酮成分，具有显著抗氧化的作用，使得食物表皮抗氧化能力增强，减少自由基，且抑制了有害菌对食物的霉变作用机理，防止食物与空气中的氧气自由接触，减缓食物的新陈代谢，延长其保质和保鲜期。
本发明的杀菌抑菌消毒剂是一种无毒、食品级天然杀菌抑菌消毒剂，专用于食物天然的保鲜、保味、绿色、环保；能有效抑制800种细菌、病毒、100多种真菌。实验表明能延长保鲜数倍期限，使产品获得最具更高效益。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，均应属于本申请的范围；本发明的保护范围由所附权利要求及其等同范围限定。
Claims (10)
1.一种杀菌抑菌消毒剂，是一种浓缩液体，浓缩液体中包括以下重量份数的组分：
2.如权利要求1所述的杀菌抑菌消毒剂，其特征在于：所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂包括以下重量份数的组分：
3.如权利要求1所述的杀菌抑菌消毒剂，其特征在于：所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂包括以下重量份数的组分：
4.如权利要求1所述的杀菌抑菌消毒剂，其特征在于：所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂包括以下重量份数的组分：
5.如权利要求1所述的杀菌抑菌消毒剂，其特征在于：所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂包括以下重量份数的组分：
6.如权利要求1～5任一项所述的杀菌抑菌消毒剂，其特征在于：所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂是一种天然类黄酮消毒剂，主要含天然类黄酮成分；所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂的各组分使用的材料为食用级，所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂是食品级天然杀菌；所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂具有抑制800种细菌、病毒、100多种真菌的能力。
7.如权利要求6所述的杀菌抑菌消毒剂，其特征在于：所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂的生物类黄酮组分是由天然类黄酮植物或含黄酮成分的天然材料提取；所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂对大肠杆菌具杀灭能力。
8.如权利要求6所述的杀菌抑菌消毒剂，其特征在于：所述杀菌抑菌消毒剂的生物类黄酮组分是柑橘提取物，或者是柑橘提取物与中药的黄酮类化合物的混合物。
9.制备如权利要求1～8任一项所述的杀菌抑菌消毒剂的方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一，在常温常压条件下，取天然类黄酮提取液作为生物类黄酮，静置后投放进入生产容器中，生产容器内加入有100份水，搅拌均匀；
步骤二，将步骤一提取液混合搅拌均匀，随后依次加入维生素C、维生素E、甘油、柠檬酸，再次搅拌均匀，备用；
步骤三，将步骤二得到的产物进行离心处理，随后进行过滤纯化，再经过单效浓缩设备浓缩后作为杀菌抑菌消毒剂。
10.如权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于：所述步骤三中，离心转速设定为300-500r/min，离心时间设定为5-10min。
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| CN106511114A (zh) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-03-22 | 苏州丽舒雅生物科技有限公司 | 一种广谱杀菌纯天然橘萃精华及其制备方法 |
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