CN111607132A - Concentrated ecological mulching film and production method thereof - Google Patents

Concentrated ecological mulching film and production method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111607132A
CN111607132A CN202010522927.7A CN202010522927A CN111607132A CN 111607132 A CN111607132 A CN 111607132A CN 202010522927 A CN202010522927 A CN 202010522927A CN 111607132 A CN111607132 A CN 111607132A
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concentrated
mulching film
film
ecological
ecological mulching
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CN111607132B (en
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陈落远
汤爱华
韦芳
张秀华
曹洪涛
种芬芬
钱力
李艳艳
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SHANDONG YIYUAN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY CO LTD
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00—Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
    • A01G13/0256—Ground coverings
    • A01G13/0268—Mats or sheets, e.g. nets or fabrics
    • A01G13/0275—Films
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
    • C08J2301/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2305/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2301/00 or C08J2303/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2399/00—Characterised by the use of natural macromolecular compounds or of derivatives thereof not provided for in groups C08J2301/00 - C08J2307/00 or C08J2389/00 - C08J2397/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08J2403/04—Starch derivatives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08J2403/04—Starch derivatives
    • C08J2403/06—Esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08J2403/04—Starch derivatives
    • C08J2403/08—Ethers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
    • C08J2403/04—Starch derivatives
    • C08J2403/10—Oxidised starch
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2489/00—Characterised by the use of proteins; Derivatives thereof
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
    • C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C08K5/092—Polycarboxylic acids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Protection Of Plants (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a concentrated ecological mulching film and a production method thereof, belonging to the technical field of agricultural production. The concentrated ecological mulching film comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50-55% of film-forming agent, 1-3% of dissolution promoter, 37-39% of film aid agent, 0.1-0.5% of surfactant and 5-10% of decomposition promoter. The concentrated ecological mulching film adopted by the invention has high effective content, is easy to dissolve in water at normal temperature, and can effectively preserve heat and water, inhibit weed growth and promote crop growth; can also effectively prevent wind, fix sand and suppress dust, can be completely degraded in 60-90 days, and is environment-friendly. Besides being used for replacing the traditional mulching film in agriculture, the mulching film can also be used for wind prevention and dust suppression in desertification land, construction sites, bare soil and mine roads. Compared with the commercially available liquid mulching film, the mulching film is easier to transport and convenient to store.

Description

Concentrated ecological mulching film and production method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production and growth, in particular to a concentrated ecological mulching film and a production method thereof.
Background
The mulching film is mainly used for preserving heat, preserving moisture and inhibiting weed growth for various crops in cold areas or weather so as to ensure normal germination and growth of the crops; in addition, it has great effects on wind prevention, sand fixation and dust suppression, and has wide application range. The existing mulching film has the following defects:
(1) plastic mulching films cannot be degraded, and besides garbage, micro plastics can pollute soil.
(2) Degradable mulching film, because the raw materials of chooseing for use are difficult for dissolving, need high temperature in advance dissolve, generally to the terminal all be liquid, the cost of transportation is high like patent CN 105860991A.
(3) Some degradable mulching films are complicated in production process and high in cost, and need to be processed into films in advance, and the films are paved when in use, such as patents CN 107629304A and CN 110249877A.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention designs a concentrated ecological mulching film which is easy to degrade, convenient to transport and low in cost, and the concentrated ecological mulching film comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50-55% of film-forming agent, 1-3% of dissolution promoter, 37-39% of film aid agent, 0.1-0.5% of surfactant and 5-10% of decomposition promoter. The invention relates to a concentrated ecological mulching film, which is a readily soluble and degradable solid mulching film. The film forming agent is compounded with filming agent, dissolving promoter, filming assistant, surfactant and decomposition promoter. The film forming agent and the film aid agent can be combined with soil into a thin shell under the action of the surfactant, although the mulching film is solid, the film forming agent can be quickly dissolved in water at normal temperature under the action of the dissolution promoter, and the decomposition promoter can provide various nutrients for soil microorganisms so as to promote the degradation of the mulching film.
The concentrated ecological mulching film is convenient to transport and use, and can effectively prevent sand from being taken away by wind and polluting the environment under the basic effects of heat preservation, moisture preservation and weed growth inhibition. And the produced fertilizer can be completely degraded in 60-90 days, is used as a fertilizer for soil, and is environment-friendly.
Further, the film forming agent is one or more of algal polysaccharide, environment-friendly ferment, natural cellulose and molasses leavening.
Further, the dissolution promoter is one or more of tartaric acid, malic acid, ammonium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate.
Furthermore, the film aid agent is one or a plurality of compositions of cross-linked carboxymethyl starch, oxidized and acidified composite modified starch, cross-linked hydrogen alkyl starch and cross-linked acetate composite starch.
Further, the surfactant is one or more of coconut oil fatty acid, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester and sodium hepatocholate.
Further, the decomposition accelerator is bacillus natto gum.
Further, the concentrated ecological mulching film comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: the film forming agent is prepared from 40% of algal polysaccharide and 10% of environment-friendly ferment; the dissolution promoter is selected from 2% of ammonium bicarbonate and 1% of malic acid; 37% of oxidized and acidified composite modified starch is selected as the film aid; the surfactant is 0.1% of sucrose fatty acid ester; the decomposition accelerator is 9.9% of bacillus natto gum.
The production method of the concentrated ecological mulching film comprises the following steps:
A. putting the film forming agent, the dissolution promoter, the film aid agent, the surfactant and the decomposition accelerator into a double-cone vacuum drying machine, uniformly rotating and uniformly mixing for 15 minutes at a constant speed to prevent agglomeration in the subsequent drying process;
B. the mixed material was dried under vacuum at 75 ℃ for 30 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the manufacturing method of the concentrated ecological mulching film has the advantages that the concentrated ecological mulching film has excellent moisture retention, heat preservation, ventilation, wind prevention and dust suppression performances; the fertilizer has good biodegradability, can be degraded in 60-90 days, can form soil fertilizer, and is beneficial and harmless to soil; the white pollution is avoided, and the plastic mulching film and the dust screen can be completely replaced; the concentrated ecological mulching film has the advantages of simple production process, easily obtained raw materials, and convenient transportation, storage and use. The addition of the environment-friendly enzyme and the bacillus natto glue improves the original biodegradation performance.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without any creative effort belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention discloses a first embodiment of a concentrated ecological mulching film, wherein the concentrated ecological mulching film comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the film forming agent is selected from 40% of algal polysaccharide and 10% of environment-friendly enzyme;
the cosolvent is selected from 2% of ammonium bicarbonate and 1% of malic acid;
the film aid agent is 37 percent of oxidation acidification composite modified starch
The surfactant is sucrose fatty acid ester 0.1%
The decomposition accelerator is 9.9% of bacillus natto gum.
The production method comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the film forming agent, the dissolution promoter, the film aid agent, the surfactant and the decomposition promoter into a double-cone vacuum drying machine, and uniformly rotating and uniformly mixing for 15 minutes. And then drying the uniformly mixed materials at 75 ℃ for 30 minutes in vacuum to obtain the concentrated ecological mulching film.
Example 2
The invention designs a second embodiment of a concentrated ecological mulching film, wherein the concentrated ecological mulching film comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the film forming agent is 45% of natural cellulose and 10% of environment-friendly enzyme;
the cosolvent is selected from 1% of ammonium bicarbonate and 1% of tartaric acid;
the auxiliary film agent is 37 percent of cross-linked carboxymethyl starch
The surfactant is coconut oil fatty acid 0.3%
The decomposition accelerator is 5.7% of bacillus natto gum.
The production method comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the film forming agent, the dissolution promoter, the film aid agent, the surfactant and the decomposition promoter into a double-cone vacuum drying machine, and uniformly rotating and uniformly mixing for 15 minutes. And then drying the uniformly mixed materials at 75 ℃ for 30 minutes in vacuum to obtain the concentrated ecological mulching film.
Example 3
The invention designs a third embodiment of a concentrated ecological mulching film, wherein the concentrated ecological mulching film comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the film forming agent is 45% of molasses ferment and 8% of environment-friendly ferment;
the cosolvent is selected from 0.5 percent of sodium bicarbonate and 0.5 percent of malic acid;
the auxiliary film agent is selected from 39 percent of cross-linked hydroalkyl starch
The surfactant is 0.5% of sorbitan fatty acid ester
The decomposition accelerator is 6.5% of bacillus natto gum.
The production method comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the film forming agent, the dissolution promoter, the film aid agent, the surfactant and the decomposition promoter into a double-cone vacuum drying machine, and uniformly rotating and uniformly mixing for 15 minutes. And then drying the uniformly mixed materials at 75 ℃ for 30 minutes in vacuum to obtain the concentrated ecological mulching film.
Example 4
The invention designs a fourth embodiment of a concentrated ecological mulching film, wherein the concentrated ecological mulching film comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
the film forming agent is prepared from 40% of molasses ferment and 12% of environment-friendly ferment;
the dissolution promoter is selected from 1.5 percent of sodium bicarbonate and 1.5 percent of tartaric acid;
the filming assistant agent is compounded with cross-linked acetate starch 37%
The surfactant is selected from sodium hepatocholate 0.4%
The decomposition accelerator is 7.6% of bacillus natto gum.
The production method comprises the following steps: and (3) putting the film forming agent, the dissolution promoter, the film aid agent, the surfactant and the decomposition promoter into a double-cone vacuum drying machine, and uniformly rotating and uniformly mixing for 15 minutes. And then drying the uniformly mixed materials at 75 ℃ for 30 minutes in vacuum to obtain the concentrated ecological mulching film.
Example 5
The embodiment of the invention designs the dissolution speed comparison of the concentrated ecological mulching film. When the concentrated ecological mulching film is used, the diluent is tap water, and the dilution ratio is 1: 100 deg.C, the dissolution temperature was room temperature (25 deg.C). The dilution ratio and temperature are selected during dissolution test, and the concentrated ecological mulching film without the cosolvent is adopted in the control group because no commercially available concentrated ecological mulching film is found.
At room temperature (25 ℃), adding 1g of the concentrated ecological mulching film without the cosolvent, which is described in example 1, into 99g of water, stirring for 5 minutes at a constant speed by using a glass rod, performing suction filtration by using a sand core funnel, baking the filter membrane to a constant weight at 105 ℃, and calculating the percentage of undissolved solids; at room temperature (25 ℃), adding 1g of the concentrated ecological mulching film of the embodiment 1 to the embodiment 4 into 99g of water, stirring for 5 minutes at a constant speed by using a glass rod, performing suction filtration by using a sand core funnel, baking the filter membrane to a constant weight at 105 ℃, and calculating the percentage of undissolved solids. Three separate tests were performed and the results of the comparative tests are reported in table 1:
TABLE 1
Control group Example 1 Example 2 Example 3 Example 4
One test 45.3％ 1.14％ 1.56％ 2.13％ 1.21％
Second test 46.6％ 0.99％ 1.73％ 2.28％ 1.15％
Three tests 48.5％ 1.21％ 1.82％ 2.21％ 1.25％
As can be seen from Table 1, the concentrated ecological mulching films prepared by 4 examples of the invention are easy to dissolve after the cosolvent is added.
Example 6
The embodiment of the invention designs the comparison of the heat preservation effects of the concentrated ecological mulching film. When the concentrated ecological mulching film is used, the diluent is tap water, and the dilution ratio is 1: 100 deg.C, the dissolution temperature was room temperature (25 deg.C).
The solution with the mass concentration of 1% prepared in the examples 1 to 4 is respectively and evenly sprinkled on each of three unconnected soils in an amount of 1L per square meter. Simultaneously, clear water with corresponding amount and a commercially available liquid mulching film are respectively sprayed on adjacent soil, and the commercially available liquid mulching film comprises the following materials in proportion: 800g of humic acid substances, 300g of plant adhesive, 300g of composite modified starch, 180g of cross-linking agent, 390g of polyvinyl alcohol, 400g of biological emulsifier, 10g of surfactant, 20g of herbicide and 46000g of water, and the dosage is used according to the specification. After 24 hours, the temperature of the soil surface, and the temperature of the soil below 2 cm, are tested, reference standard LY/T1219-1999. The results are reported in table 2:
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0002532808430000051
As can be seen from Table 2, the product of the present invention has a significant effect on soil insulation.
Example 7
The embodiment of the invention designs the windproof and dust suppression effect of the concentrated ecological mulching film. When the concentrated ecological mulching film is used, the diluent is tap water, and the dilution ratio is 1: 100 deg.C, the dissolution temperature was room temperature (25 deg.C).
The solutions with the mass concentration of 1% prepared in examples 1 to 4 were uniformly sprayed on 3 bare soils at an amount of 2L per square meter, respectively, and after the soils were dried, the dust suppression efficiency was tested by using a portable wind tunnel experimental device for wind resistance in reference to a wind erosion rate test in TB/T3210.1-2009, and the recording results are shown in table 3:
TABLE 3
Figure BDA0002532808430000061
As can be seen from Table 3, the product of the invention has obvious effects on preventing soil from wind and suppressing dust.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and the description of the invention.

Claims (8)

1. The concentrated ecological mulching film is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50-55% of film-forming agent, 1-3% of dissolution promoter, 37-39% of film aid agent, 0.1-0.5% of surfactant and 5-10% of decomposition promoter.
2. The concentrated ecological mulching film according to claim 1, wherein the film forming agent is one or more of algal polysaccharides, green enzymes, natural cellulose and molasses leavening.
3. The concentrated ecological mulching film according to claim 1, wherein the dissolution promoter is one or more of tartaric acid, malic acid, ammonium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate.
4. The concentrated ecological mulching film according to claim 1, wherein the filming aid is one or more of cross-linked carboxymethyl starch, oxidized and acidified composite modified starch, cross-linked hydrogen alkyl starch and cross-linked acetate composite starch.
5. The concentrated ecological mulching film according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is one or more of coconut oil fatty acid, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester and sodium hepatocholate.
6. The concentrated ecological mulching film according to claim 1, wherein the decomposition accelerator is bacillus natto gum.
7. The concentrated ecological mulching film according to claim 1, comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: the film forming agent is prepared from 40% of algal polysaccharide and 10% of environment-friendly ferment; the dissolution promoter is selected from 2% of ammonium bicarbonate and 1% of malic acid; 37% of oxidized and acidified composite modified starch is selected as the film aid; the surfactant is 0.1% of sucrose fatty acid ester; the decomposition accelerator is 9.9% of bacillus natto gum.
8. The production method of the concentrated ecological mulching film according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
A. putting the film forming agent, the dissolution promoter, the film aid agent, the surfactant and the decomposition accelerator into a double-cone vacuum drying machine, uniformly rotating and uniformly mixing for 15 minutes at a constant speed to prevent agglomeration in the subsequent drying process;
B. the mixed material was dried under vacuum at 75 ℃ for 30 minutes.
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