CN111607132B - Concentrated ecological mulching film and production method thereof - Google Patents
Concentrated ecological mulching film and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/18—Manufacture of films or sheets
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
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- C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
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- C08J2305/00—Characterised by the use of polysaccharides or of their derivatives not provided for in groups C08J2301/00 or C08J2303/00
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- C08J2399/00—Characterised by the use of natural macromolecular compounds or of derivatives thereof not provided for in groups C08J2301/00 - C08J2307/00 or C08J2389/00 - C08J2397/00
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- C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2403/04—Starch derivatives
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2403/04—Starch derivatives
- C08J2403/06—Esters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2403/04—Starch derivatives
- C08J2403/08—Ethers
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2403/00—Characterised by the use of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08J2403/04—Starch derivatives
- C08J2403/10—Oxidised starch
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2489/00—Characterised by the use of proteins; Derivatives thereof
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/18—Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
- C08K3/24—Acids; Salts thereof
- C08K3/26—Carbonates; Bicarbonates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
- C08K5/092—Polycarboxylic acids
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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Abstract
The invention relates to a concentrated ecological mulching film and a production method thereof, belonging to the technical field of agricultural production. The concentrated ecological mulch film comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50-55% of film forming agent, 1-3% of solvent, 37-39% of film assisting agent, 0.1-0.5% of surfactant and 5-10% of decomposition accelerator. The concentrated ecological mulching film adopted by the invention has high effective content, is easy to dissolve in water at normal temperature, and can effectively preserve heat and water, inhibit weed growth and promote crop growth after being sprayed; can also effectively prevent wind, fix sand and inhibit dust, can be completely degraded in 60-90 days, and is environment-friendly. Besides being used for replacing the traditional mulching film in agriculture, the novel plastic film can also be used for wind prevention and dust suppression of desertification land, construction site, bare soil and mine road. Compared with the liquid mulching film on the market, the liquid mulching film is easier to transport and convenient to store.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural production and growth, in particular to a concentrated ecological mulching film and a production method thereof.
Background
The mulching film is mainly used for preserving heat and moisture and inhibiting weed growth for various crops in cold areas or in weather, so that the normal germination and growth of the crops are ensured; in addition, the novel wind-proof and sand-stabilizing dust-suppressing agent has great effects on wind prevention, sand fixation and dust suppression, and has a wide application range. However, the existing mulching film has the following defects:
(1) Plastic mulch cannot be degraded, and in addition to producing garbage, microplastic can also contaminate soil.
(2) The degradable mulching film is difficult to dissolve because the selected raw materials are required to be well dissolved at high temperature in advance, and is generally liquid to the terminal, and the transportation cost is high as that of patent CN 105860991A.
(3) Some degradable mulching films have complicated production process and high cost, and are required to be processed into films in advance and paved when in use, such as patent CN 107629304A,CN 110249877A.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention designs a concentrated ecological mulch film which is easy to degrade, convenient to transport and low in cost, and comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50-55% of film forming agent, 1-3% of solvent, 37-39% of film assisting agent, 0.1-0.5% of surfactant and 5-10% of decomposition accelerator. The invention relates to a concentrated ecological mulch film, which is a readily-degradable solid mulch film. The film forming agent is mainly used as a raw material, and is compounded with a cosolvent, a film aid, a surfactant and a decomposition accelerator. The film forming agent and the film aid agent can be combined with soil to form a thin shell under the action of the surfactant, and the film itself is solid, but can be rapidly dissolved in water at normal temperature under the action of the solvent, and the addition of the decomposition accelerator can provide various nutrients for soil microorganisms so as to promote the degradation of the film.
The concentrated ecological mulch film is convenient to transport and use, can effectively prevent sand from being taken away by wind and pollute the environment under the basic effects of heat preservation, moisture preservation and weed growth inhibition. And the produced fertilizer can be completely degraded in 60-90 days, is used as a fertilizer for soil, and is environment-friendly.
Further, the film forming agent is one or more of algal polysaccharide, environment-friendly ferment, natural cellulose and molasses ferment.
Further, the cosolvent is one or more of tartaric acid, malic acid, ammonium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate.
Further, the film aid is one or more of crosslinked carboxymethyl starch, oxidized and acidified composite modified starch, crosslinked hydrogen alkyl starch and crosslinked acetate composite starch.
Further, the surfactant is one or more of coconut oil fatty acid, sucrose fatty acid ester, sorbitan fatty acid ester and sodium hepatocholate.
Further, the decomposition accelerator is natto fungus gel.
Further, the concentrated ecological mulching film comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: the film forming agent is 40% of algal polysaccharide and 10% of environment-friendly ferment; the solvent is selected from 2% of ammonium bicarbonate and 1% of malic acid; the film aid agent is oxidized and acidified composite modified starch 37%; the surfactant is sucrose fatty acid ester 0.1%; the decomposition accelerator is 9.9% of natto fungus gel.
The production method of the concentrated ecological mulching film provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
A. putting the film forming agent, the solvent accelerator, the film assisting agent, the surfactant and the decomposition accelerator into a biconical vacuum dryer, uniformly rotating and mixing for 15 minutes at a uniform speed so as to prevent caking in the subsequent drying process;
B. the mixed material was dried in vacuo at 75 degrees celsius for 30 minutes.
Compared with the prior art, the manufacturing method of the concentrated ecological mulch film designed by the invention has the advantages that the concentrated ecological mulch film has excellent moisture retention, heat preservation, ventilation, wind prevention and dust suppression performances; the biological degradation performance is good, the degradation can be completed in 60-90 days, and the soil fertilizer can be formed, which is beneficial to the soil and harmless; white pollution is completely eradicated, and the plastic mulching film and the dust screen can be completely replaced; the concentrated ecological mulching film has the advantages of simple production process, readily available raw materials and convenience in transportation, storage and use. The addition of the environment-friendly ferment and the natto fungus glue improves the original biodegradability.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further illustrated with reference to specific examples. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described, and the described embodiments are only some embodiments, but not all embodiments, of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention disclosed herein without departing from the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The invention designs a first embodiment of a concentrated ecological mulch film, wherein the weight percentage of the formula of the concentrated mulch film is as follows:
the film forming agent is selected from seaweed polysaccharide 40% and environment-friendly ferment 10%;
the solvent is selected from 2% of ammonium bicarbonate and 1% of malic acid;
the film aid agent is 37% of oxidized and acidified composite modified starch
The surfactant is sucrose fatty acid ester 0.1%
The decomposition accelerator is 9.9% of natto fungus gel.
The production method comprises the following steps: the film forming agent, the cosolvent, the film assisting agent, the surfactant and the decomposition accelerator are put into a biconical vacuum dryer and uniformly mixed for 15 minutes at constant speed. And then the uniformly mixed materials are dried in vacuum for 30 minutes at the temperature of 75 ℃ to obtain the concentrated ecological mulch film.
Example 2
The invention designs a second embodiment of a concentrated ecological mulch film, wherein the weight percentage of the formula of the concentrated mulch film is as follows:
the film forming agent is natural cellulose 45% and environment-friendly ferment 10%;
the solvent is ammonium bicarbonate 1% and tartaric acid 1%;
the film aid agent is cross-linked carboxymethyl starch 37%
The surfactant is coconut oil fatty acid 0.3%
The decomposition accelerator is 5.7% of natto fungus gel.
The production method comprises the following steps: the film forming agent, the cosolvent, the film assisting agent, the surfactant and the decomposition accelerator are put into a biconical vacuum dryer and uniformly mixed for 15 minutes at constant speed. And then the uniformly mixed materials are dried in vacuum for 30 minutes at the temperature of 75 ℃ to obtain the concentrated ecological mulch film.
Example 3
The invention designs a third embodiment of a concentrated ecological mulch film, wherein the weight percentage of the formula of the concentrated mulch film is as follows:
the film forming agent is molasses ferment 45% and environment-friendly ferment 8%;
the solvent is sodium bicarbonate 0.5%, malic acid 0.5%;
the film aid agent is cross-linked hydrogen alkyl starch 39%
The surfactant is sorbitan fatty acid ester 0.5%
The decomposition accelerator is 6.5% of natto fungus gel.
The production method comprises the following steps: the film forming agent, the cosolvent, the film assisting agent, the surfactant and the decomposition accelerator are put into a biconical vacuum dryer and uniformly mixed for 15 minutes at constant speed. And then the uniformly mixed materials are dried in vacuum for 30 minutes at the temperature of 75 ℃ to obtain the concentrated ecological mulch film.
Example 4
The invention designs a fourth embodiment of a concentrated ecological mulch film, wherein the mass percent of the formula of the concentrated mulch film is as follows:
the film forming agent is molasses ferment 40% and environment-friendly ferment 12%;
the solvent is sodium bicarbonate 1.5%, and tartaric acid 1.5%;
the film aid agent is crosslinked acetate composite starch 37%
The surfactant is sodium hepatocholate 0.4%
The decomposition accelerator is prepared from bacillus natto gum 7.6%.
The production method comprises the following steps: the film forming agent, the cosolvent, the film assisting agent, the surfactant and the decomposition accelerator are put into a biconical vacuum dryer and uniformly mixed for 15 minutes at constant speed. And then the uniformly mixed materials are dried in vacuum for 30 minutes at the temperature of 75 ℃ to obtain the concentrated ecological mulch film.
Example 5
The embodiment of the invention designs the dissolution rate comparison of the concentrated ecological mulch film. The concentrated ecological mulch film of the invention adopts tap water as a diluent in use, and the dilution ratio is 1:100, the dissolution temperature was room temperature (25 degrees celsius). The dilution ratio and the temperature are selected in the dissolution test, so that the commercial concentrated ecological mulch film is not found, and the concentrated ecological mulch film without a solvent is adopted in the control group.
At room temperature (25 ℃), adding 1g of the concentrated ecological mulch film described in the example 1 without a cosolvent into 99g of water, uniformly stirring for 5 minutes by using a glass rod, carrying out suction filtration by using a sand core funnel, baking the filter film to constant weight at 105 ℃, and calculating the undissolved solid percentage; at room temperature (25 degrees centigrade), 1g of the concentrated ecological mulch film of the invention of the examples 1 to 4 was added to 99g of water, stirred at constant speed for 5 minutes with a glass rod, suction filtered with a sand core funnel, and the filter film was baked to constant weight at 105 degrees centigrade, and the undissolved solid percentage was calculated. Three tests were performed separately and the results of the comparative tests are recorded as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
| Control group | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | |
| One test | 45.3％ | 1.14％ | 1.56％ | 2.13％ | 1.21％ |
| Secondary test | 46.6％ | 0.99％ | 1.73％ | 2.28％ | 1.15％ |
| Three experiments | 48.5％ | 1.21％ | 1.82％ | 2.21％ | 1.25％ |
As can be seen from Table 1, the concentrated ecological mulch film prepared in the 4 examples is easy to dissolve after the addition of the cosolvent.
Example 6
The heat preservation effect of the concentrated ecological mulch film designed by the embodiment of the invention is compared. The concentrated ecological mulch film of the invention adopts tap water as a diluent in use, and the dilution ratio is 1:100, the dissolution temperature was room temperature (25 degrees celsius).
The 1% strength by mass solution of the concentrated ecological mulch film prepared in examples 1 to 4 was uniformly sprayed on each of three unconnected soil pieces at an amount of 1L per square meter. Meanwhile, the corresponding amount of clear water and the commercial liquid mulching film are respectively sprayed on adjacent soil, and the commercial liquid mulching film comprises the following materials in proportion: 800g of humic acid substances, 300g of plant adhesives, 300g of composite modified starch, 180g of cross-linking agents, 390g of polyvinyl alcohol, 400g of biological emulsifying agents, 10g of surfactants, 20g of herbicides and 46000g of water, and the use amounts are used according to the instruction. After 24 hours, the temperature of the soil surface, and the temperature below 2 cm of soil, were tested, with reference to standard LY/T1219-1999. The recorded results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
As can be seen from Table 2, the product of the present invention has a remarkable effect on soil insulation.
Example 7
The embodiment of the invention designs the windproof and dust-suppression effect of the concentrated ecological mulching film. The concentrated ecological mulch film of the invention adopts tap water as a diluent in use, and the dilution ratio is 1:100, the dissolution temperature was room temperature (25 degrees celsius).
The concentrated ecological mulch film prepared in examples 1 to 4 was uniformly sprayed with a solution with a mass concentration of 1% on 3 bare soil pieces at a concentration of 2L per square meter, and after the soil was dried, dust suppression efficiency was tested with reference to the wind erosion rate in TB/T3210.1-2009, the wind resistance was tested using a portable wind tunnel experimental device, and the recorded results are shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3 Table 3
As can be seen from Table 3, the product of the invention has obvious effects on wind prevention and dust suppression of soil.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, i.e., all such modifications and variations are within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. The concentrated ecological mulching film is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 50 to 55 percent of film forming agent, 1 to 3 percent of solvent, 37 to 39 percent of film assisting agent, 0.1 to 0.5 percent of surfactant, 5 to 10 percent of decomposition accelerator,
the film forming agent is a composition of environment-friendly ferment and algal polysaccharide or molasses ferment,
the cosolvent is one or more of tartaric acid, malic acid, ammonium bicarbonate and sodium bicarbonate,
the film aid is one or more compositions of crosslinked carboxymethyl starch, oxidized and acidified composite modified starch and crosslinked acetate composite starch,
the surfactant is one or more of coconut oil fatty acid, sucrose fatty acid ester and sorbitan fatty acid ester,
the decomposition accelerator is natto fungus gel;
the production method of the concentrated ecological mulch film comprises the following steps:
A. putting the film forming agent, the solvent accelerator, the film assisting agent, the surfactant and the decomposition accelerator into a biconical vacuum dryer, uniformly rotating and mixing for 15 minutes at a uniform speed so as to prevent caking in the subsequent drying process;
B. the mixed material was dried in vacuo at 75 degrees celsius for 30 minutes.
2. The concentrated ecological mulch film according to claim 1, comprising the following raw materials in weight percent: the film forming agent is 40% of algal polysaccharide and 10% of environment-friendly ferment; the solvent is selected from 2% of ammonium bicarbonate and 1% of malic acid; the film aid agent is oxidized and acidified composite modified starch 37%; the surfactant is sucrose fatty acid ester 0.1%; the decomposition accelerator is 9.9% of natto fungus gel.
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Family Cites Families (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002281839A (en) * | 2001-03-28 | 2002-10-02 | Nippon Paper Industries Co Ltd | Agricultural mulching sheet |
| CN101362862B (en) * | 2008-09-27 | 2011-03-30 | 田秋喜 | Powdery degradable mulch film and preparation method thereof |
| CN102492203A (en) * | 2011-12-06 | 2012-06-13 | 东莞市川森环保塑料有限公司 | Light-biological double-degradation agricultural film |
| CN103555342B (en) * | 2013-10-25 | 2016-06-22 | 青岛海大生物集团有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of liquid alga mulch film |
| CN104403135B (en) * | 2014-12-02 | 2016-08-17 | 天津北洋百川生物技术有限公司 | A kind of liquid ground film and preparation method thereof |
| CN105707063A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-06-29 | 何辉海 | Seaweed liquid-state mulch powder with weeding function and using method thereof |
| CN105860991A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-17 | 刘敏 | Agricultural liquid mulching film and production method thereof |
| CN105860992A (en) * | 2016-04-19 | 2016-08-17 | 刘敏 | Liquid mulching film used for desertification control and production method thereof |
| CN105949737B (en) * | 2016-05-31 | 2018-07-31 | 沧州沧硕塑业有限公司 | A kind of degradable mulch and preparation method thereof |
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