CN111605185A - 3D additive and manufacturing method and application thereof - Google Patents
3D additive and manufacturing method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111605185A CN111605185A CN202010449816.8A CN202010449816A CN111605185A CN 111605185 A CN111605185 A CN 111605185A CN 202010449816 A CN202010449816 A CN 202010449816A CN 111605185 A CN111605185 A CN 111605185A
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- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/115—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by spraying molten metal, i.e. spray sintering, spray casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D (three-dimensional) additive materials, and particularly relates to a 3D additive material prepared by adopting a rubbing surface preparation technology, and a manufacturing method and application thereof. The surface rubbing technology is combined in the additive manufacturing process, the rubbing is converted into a printing platform of the additive manufacturing equipment, and a substrate, a base cloth or other surface materials which can realize the required effect of the 3D additive product are designed in advance, wherein the substrate, the base cloth or the other surface materials are matched with the surface texture and the pattern of the required product. The manufacturing method provided by the invention can efficiently realize 3D additive products with various surface effects, does not need subsequent treatment procedures, not only saves labor, but also avoids the risks of environmental pollution and additive loss in the subsequent treatment procedures. Meanwhile, the manufacturing method can provide various additive surface effects, and can provide 3D additive products for wider application in more fields.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of 3D (three-dimensional) additive materials, and particularly relates to a 3D additive material prepared by adopting a rubbing surface preparation technology, and a manufacturing method and application thereof.
Background
Additive Manufacturing (AM) is commonly called 3D printing, combines computer aided design, material processing and molding technologies, and stacks dedicated metal materials, non-metal materials and medical biomaterials layer by layer through software and a numerical control system on the basis of a digital model file according to modes of extrusion, sintering, melting, photocuring, spraying and the like to manufacture a solid object. Compared with the traditional processing mode of removing, cutting and assembling raw materials, the method is a manufacturing method of accumulating materials from bottom to top, and realizes the manufacturing process of articles from the top to the bottom. This enables the manufacture of complex structural components that were previously constrained by conventional manufacturing methods and were not possible.
At present, the outer surface of a product is not perfect in Fused Deposition 3D (FDM) printing, stereolithography 3D (SLA) printing or Selective laser sintering 3D printing modes (SLS), and a post-printing treatment is required before the product is sold, and the surface effect of the 3D product is usually satisfied by conventional surface defect removal and post-coating processing modes such as sanding, sand blasting, paint spraying, polishing, electroplating or high-pressure gas cleaning. The post-processing steps are complex in process and have high requirements on manual operation skills and proficiency, otherwise, the post-processing efficiency is extremely low, and misoperation is easy to occur to cause damage to the 3D additive product. Spraying, paint spraying and the like are easy to pollute the environment, more post-treatment processes are carried out in a matched mode by other devices, and the equipment cost and the manual maintenance cost are correspondingly increased. Therefore, it is urgently needed to provide a simple, efficient and cost-effective manufacturing method of a 3D additive product with special surface effects.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above technical problems in the background art, there is a need to provide a 3D additive, a manufacturing method and an application thereof, where the manufacturing method of the 3D additive can avoid a complex and inefficient post-processing treatment technical manner of surface post-treatment of an additive manufactured product and is not environmentally friendly, and can efficiently produce a 3D additive product with a desired surface effect, greatly expand the application field of 3D additive products with special surface effects, and reduce the risk of environmental pollution and product loss caused by post-treatment processes.
To achieve the above object, in a first aspect of the present invention, the inventors provide a 3D additive manufacturing method, using a rubbing surface preparation technique, comprising the steps of:
preparing and fixing a rubbing base material, coating a stripping auxiliary agent on the rubbing base material, and fixing the stripping auxiliary agent on a printing platen of a 3D printer;
designing a printing model, namely designing a computer of the printing model according to a preset model form;
printing model slices and sending;
printing, wherein the type and the technological parameters of a rubbing base material are set on a control panel of the 3D printer, and printing is started; and
and demolding to obtain the 3D additive.
The present invention incorporates surface rubbing techniques in a 3D additive manufacturing process. The traditional rubbing technology is only suitable for carving characters or patterns on a stone or wood substrate, and the characters or patterns on a rubbing die (book) are rubbed out through materials such as soft paper. According to the 3D additive manufacturing method, a rubbing surface preparation technology is adopted, a rubbing die is converted into a printing platform of 3D additive manufacturing equipment, and the printing platform is matched with a substrate, a base cloth or other surface materials which are provided with surface textures and patterns of a product required by targeted design and have a three-dimensional structure, and can realize the purpose through additive manufacturing. The rest of the 3D printing process and steps refer to the existing conventional 3D printing operation methods, such as STL model building and CAD model building, outputting and printing. The demoulding step can be manually operated or mechanically demoulded according to specific production conditions and technical maturity.
Because the rubbing technology adopted by the invention actually utilizes the principle of engraving printing, but the brushing step is not carried out on the 3D additive, the surface of the produced 3D additive product which is demoulded can present the pattern texture effect matched and matched with the pattern on the rubbing base material, and the 3D additive product which is required to present the pattern texture effect matched and matched can be designed on the rubbing base material. Preferably, the rubbing substrate preparing and fixing step further comprises a step of designing the rubbing substrate according to a preset surface effect.
In particular, in some exemplary embodiments, if the desired 3D additive product is a smooth-effect surface, an abrasive substrate with a corresponding effect may be selected, such as a smooth, metal surface that is not textured with any surface pattern. Preferably, the rubbing substrate is one of cloth, metal or wood board.
In order to better peel off from the rubbing substrate after the 3D additive product is solidified and cooled, a layer of peeling aid is brushed on the rubbing substrate in advance, and preferably, the peeling aid is liquid paraffin, vaseline, mineral oil, vegetable oil or organic silicon.
The printing material adopted by the invention is related to the selected 3D printing working parameter, and preferably, in the printing step, the temperature of the nozzle of the 3D printer is 160-245 ℃. More preferably, the printing material of the 3D printer comprises one of thermoplastic polyurethane TPU, nylon PA, polycarbonate PC, polylactic acid PLA, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene ABS, wood, metal, modified plastic or modified fiber.
In certain preferred embodiments, the printing speed is 30-50mm/s, preferably 40-45 mm/s.
In certain preferred embodiments, the temperature of the printing platen is 55 to 60 ℃, preferably the temperature of the printing platen is 60 ℃.
In a second aspect of the invention, the inventors provide a 3D additive manufactured using the 3D additive manufacturing method according to the first aspect of the invention.
In a third aspect of the invention, the inventors provide a use of a 3D additive manufactured using a 3D additive manufacturing method according to the first aspect of the invention. The 3D additive provided by the invention can be used for producing vamps, such as sports vamps, Arhat vamps and the like, and can also be used for manufacturing related products such as soles and the like. In addition, the 3D additive product can be applied to the fields of related products such as clothing textiles, wearable shoes and clothes, tablet personal computers and mobile phone shells, jewelry, stationery, toys, models, automobile accessories, furniture, props, lamps, aerospace applications, building materials, dental materials, medical instruments and the like.
Different from the prior art, the technical scheme at least has the following beneficial effects:
the surface rubbing technology is combined in the additive manufacturing process, the rubbing is converted into a printing platform of the additive manufacturing equipment, and a substrate, a base cloth or other surface materials which can realize the required effect of the 3D additive product are designed in advance, wherein the substrate, the base cloth or the other surface materials are matched with the surface texture and the pattern of the required product. The manufacturing method provided by the invention can efficiently realize 3D additive products with various surface effects, does not need subsequent treatment procedures, not only saves labor, but also avoids the risks of environmental pollution and additive loss in the subsequent treatment procedures. Meanwhile, the manufacturing method can provide various additive surface effects, and can provide 3D additive products for wider application in more fields.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a rubbing substrate cloth with a surface textile grain effect structure pattern as described in example 1;
FIG. 2 is a 3D additive manufacturing of a sports upper with textile texture effects as described in example 1;
FIG. 3 is a rubbing substrate cloth with a chemical element texture effect structure pattern as described in example 2;
FIG. 4 is a 3D additive manufacturing of a sports upper with chemical element texturing effects as described in example 2;
FIG. 5 is another rubbing substrate cloth with a surface texture effect structure pattern as described in example 3;
FIG. 6 is another 3D additive athletic upper with surface texture effects as described in example 3;
FIG. 7 is a rubbing substrate with highlight/mirror effect of example 4;
FIG. 8 is a 3D additive manufacturing process for a sports upper with a high light/mirror effect according to example 4;
FIG. 9 is another rubbing substrate with a cloth grain textile effect as described in example 5;
FIG. 10 is another athletic upper 3D additive with a cloth textured textile effect described in example 5;
FIG. 11 is a rubbing substrate with a solid pattern effect according to embodiment 6;
fig. 12 is a 3D additive product with a solid pattern effect as described in example 6.
Detailed Description
To explain technical contents, structural features, and objects and effects of the technical solutions in detail, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the embodiments. It should be understood that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
Example 1
Sports vamp 3D material increase with textile texture effect and manufacturing method thereof
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the rubbing base cloth with the structural pattern having the surface textile texture effect shown in fig. 1 is a base cloth woven by using polyester fiber through a warp knitting technology, and a required pattern is printed on the surface of the base cloth through a silk screen 3D, as shown in fig. 1.
Then, a small amount of liquid paraffin is uniformly coated on the pattern part to be used as a rubbing layer stripping auxiliary agent, and a rubbing base material is prepared. Measuring the thickness of the rubbing base material, on a printing platform of a 3D printer, adjusting a printing nozzle of the FDM 3D printer, measuring the height of a base material cloth and fixing the base material cloth on a printing platen of the 3D printer, carrying out computer design of a 3D additive manufacturing printing model according to a conventional method, then carrying out printing model slicing treatment according to the size of a vamp material to be printed, sending or copying the sliced printing model to the FDM 3D printer, selecting a proper printing material, such as Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU), nylon (PA), Polycarbonate (PC), polylactic acid (PLA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), wood, metal, graphene and other modified plastics or fibers, setting a proper additive manufacturing parameter, adjusting the distance between the model and a printing plane to be 15mm, the temperature of the spray head is 180 ℃, the printing speed is 42mm/s, the temperature of the bottom plate is 60 ℃, the filling mode is solid filling, the filling shape is linear filling, the filling angle is 90 degrees, the slice file is guided into an FDM 3D printer to be printed, and a 3D printing part on the cloth is obtained. Demolding: and manually peeling the 3D printed product from the base cloth to obtain the 3D additive product with the special woven texture shown in figure 2.
Example 2
Sports vamp 3D additive with chemical element texture effect and preparation method thereof
The difference from example 1 is that a rubbing base cloth requiring a three-dimensional pattern with chemical elements is woven on a polyester fiber cloth, and a small amount of vaseline is coated on the rubbing base cloth as a rubbing layer peeling aid to obtain a rubbing base material as shown in fig. 3. The other steps are the same as the example 1, and the sports shoe upper 3D additive with the chemical element texture effect shown in the figure 4 is manufactured.
Example 3
Sports vamp 3D additive with surface texture effect and preparation method thereof
The difference from example 1 is that a rubbed substrate as shown in fig. 5 was prepared using liquid silicone oil as a rubbing layer peeling aid. The other steps are the same as in example 1, and a sports shoe upper 3D additive with surface texture effect as shown in fig. 6 is produced.
Example 4
Sports vamp 3D additive with highlight/mirror surface effect and preparation method thereof
The difference from embodiment 1 is that the rubbing substrate is not a cloth with high surface gloss and smooth and clean, but a polyester film, a polycarbonate film or a biaxially oriented polypropylene film, or a polished metal such as a polished stainless steel plate, etc. is used as the rubbing substrate or the substrate, and in this embodiment, the polished stainless steel plate is used as the rubbing substrate, as shown in fig. 7. The other steps are the same as in example 1, and a sports shoe upper 3D additive with a highlight/mirror effect as shown in fig. 8 is produced.
Example 5
Sports vamp 3D material increase with cloth grain textile effect and preparation method thereof
The difference from embodiment 1 is that, by using a weaving manufacturing technique, a base fabric is manufactured by using a high-density woven fabric, and a required texture is designed during the production of the base fabric, so that a rubbing base fabric as shown in fig. 9 is manufactured, and the rubbing base fabric is easily peeled from a 3D printing material, and a stripping auxiliary agent such as a demolding stripping auxiliary agent is not needed or a small amount of stripping auxiliary agent such as liquid paraffin can be smeared. The other steps are the same as in example 1, and the sports shoe upper 3D additive with the cloth grain textile effect shown in fig. 10 is manufactured.
Example 6
3D additive product with three-dimensional pattern effect and preparation method thereof
The difference from example 1 is that a base fabric was manufactured by a weaving manufacturing technique using a sandwich elastic fabric, and a rubbing base material as shown in fig. 11 was manufactured by preparing and coating a little liquid paraffin as a peeling aid with aqueous polyurethane by a screen three-dimensional printing technique at the time of manufacturing the base fabric. The other steps are the same as in example 1, and a 3D additive product with a three-dimensional woven texture pattern effect as shown in fig. 12 is manufactured.
It should be noted that although the vamp additive and the manufacturing method thereof are provided in the above embodiments of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the manufacturing of the 3D vamp additive, and additives in other fields, such as clothing textiles, wearable shoes and dresses, tablet computers, cell phone shells, jewelry, stationery, toys, models, automobile accessories, furniture, props, lamps, aerospace applications, building materials, dental materials, medical instruments, and other related products, can also be manufactured by using the method.
It should be noted that, although the above embodiments have been described herein, the invention is not limited thereto. Therefore, based on the innovative concepts of the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention can be directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields by making changes and modifications to the embodiments described herein, or by using equivalent structures or equivalent processes performed in the content of the present specification and the attached drawings, which are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A3D additive manufacturing method is characterized in that a rubbing surface preparation technology is adopted, and the method comprises the following steps:
preparing and fixing a rubbing base material, coating a stripping auxiliary agent on the rubbing base material, and fixing the stripping auxiliary agent on a printing platen of a 3D printer;
designing a printing model, namely designing a computer of the printing model according to a preset model form;
printing model slices and sending;
printing, wherein the type and the technological parameters of a rubbing base material are set on a control panel of the 3D printer, and printing is started; and
and demolding to obtain the 3D additive.
2. The 3D additive manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein the rubbing substrate preparing and fixing step is preceded by a rubbing substrate design according to a predetermined surface effect.
3. The 3D additive manufacturing method of claim 1, wherein the rubbing substrate is one of cloth, metal, or wood board.
4. The 3D additive manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the release aid is liquid paraffin, petrolatum, mineral oil, vegetable oil, or silicone.
5. The 3D additive manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein in the printing step, the temperature of the nozzle of the 3D printer is 160-245 ℃.
6. The 3D additive manufacturing method of claim 5, wherein the printing material of the 3D printer comprises one of thermoplastic polyurethane, TPU, nylon PA, polycarbonate PC, polylactic acid, PLA, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene, ABS, wood, metal, modified plastic, or modified fiber.
7. 3D additive manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the printing speed is 30-50mm/s, preferably 40-45 mm/s.
8. 3D additive manufacturing method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the printing platen is 55-60 ℃, preferably the temperature of the printing platen is 60 ℃.
9. A 3D additive manufactured using the 3D additive manufacturing method of any one of claims 1-8.
10. Use of a 3D additive, wherein the 3D additive is produced using the 3D additive manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1-8.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010449816.8A CN111605185B (en) | 2020-05-25 | 2020-05-25 | 3D additive and manufacturing method and application thereof |
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| CN112841804A (en) * | 2021-01-25 | 2021-05-28 | 德州市鑫华润科技股份有限公司 | Novel shoes |
| CN112940485A (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2021-06-11 | 福建华峰新材料有限公司 | Novel additive printing material and application thereof in ceramic 3D printing equipment |
| CN113246460A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-08-13 | 福建华峰运动用品科技有限公司 | 3D additive fiber structure and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN111605185B (en) | 2021-04-16 |
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