CN111602217A - Capacitor with a capacitor element - Google Patents

Capacitor with a capacitor element Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111602217A
CN111602217A CN201880087193.5A CN201880087193A CN111602217A CN 111602217 A CN111602217 A CN 111602217A CN 201880087193 A CN201880087193 A CN 201880087193A CN 111602217 A CN111602217 A CN 111602217A
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China
Prior art keywords
electrode
capacitor
electrolyte layer
solid electrolyte
liquid electrolyte
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Pending
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CN201880087193.5A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
H.蒋
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication of CN111602217A publication Critical patent/CN111602217A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/04—Hybrid capacitors
    • H01G11/06—Hybrid capacitors with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/10—Multiple hybrid or EDL capacitors, e.g. arrays or modules
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/54—Electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/54—Electrolytes
    • H01G11/56—Solid electrolytes, e.g. gels; Additives therein
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/54—Electrolytes
    • H01G11/58—Liquid electrolytes
    • H01G11/62—Liquid electrolytes characterised by the solute, e.g. salts, anions or cations therein
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
    • H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
    • H01G11/78—Cases; Housings; Encapsulations; Mountings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Double-Layer Capacitors Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A capacitor exhibiting excellent performance from a low temperature region to a high temperature region is provided. Means for solution: a capacitor having a cell comprising: a first electrode; a solid electrolyte layer provided on the first electrode; an intermediate electrode provided on the solid electrolyte layer; a liquid electrolyte layer provided on the intermediate electrode; and a second electrode provided on the liquid electrolyte layer.

Description

Capacitor with a capacitor element
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a capacitor.
Background
Electric double layer capacitors and lithium ion capacitors, each of which is used as a backup power source for electric vehicles or computers, etc., have been receiving attention. However, when such capacitors are used for these purposes, the capacitors are often exposed to high temperatures of 70 ℃ or more, which causes a problem of performance deterioration. In this regard, a lithium ion capacitor has been proposed in PTL 1. The lithium ion capacitor uses an organic solvent and a lithium salt electrolyte having an imide structure, and exhibits excellent durability at 85 ℃. Meanwhile, in order to improve durability under a high-temperature environment, it has been known to use a solid electrolyte. However, the Li ion conductivity of the solid electrolyte deteriorates in a temperature region of 60 ℃ and below. Therefore, a capacitor exhibiting sufficient performance from a low temperature region to a high temperature region has not been realized.
A list of references.
Patent literature.
PTL1：EP-A-1865520。
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem
In view of such circumstances, the present invention has the following objects: a capacitor exhibiting excellent performance from a low temperature region to a high temperature region is provided.
Solution to the problem
The present inventors have found that the above problems can be solved by combining a capacitor comprising a liquid electrolyte and a capacitor comprising a solid electrolyte. Namely, the problem is solved by the present invention which will be described below.
[1] A capacitor having a cell comprising: a first electrode; a solid electrolyte layer provided on the first electrode; an intermediate electrode provided on the solid electrolyte layer; a liquid electrolyte layer provided on the intermediate electrode; and a second electrode provided on the liquid electrolyte layer.
[2] The capacitor according to [1], wherein a separation portion that prevents penetration of the liquid electrolyte from the liquid electrolyte layer to the solid electrolyte layer is provided inside the intermediate electrode in the cell.
[3] The capacitor according to [1] or [2], further comprising an electrolyte layer and an electrode on an outer side of the second electrode in the stacking direction in the cell or on an outer side of the first electrode in the stacking direction in the cell, wherein all electrolytes are arranged so that the solid electrolyte layer and the liquid electrolyte layer are alternately present.
[4] The capacitor according to [1] or [2], further comprising an electrolyte layer and an electrode on an outer side of the second electrode in the stacking direction in the cell or on an outer side of the first electrode in the stacking direction in the cell, wherein all of the electrolyte layers present on the outer side of the second electrode in the stacking direction are liquid electrolyte layers, and all of the electrolyte layers present on the outer side of the first electrode in the stacking direction are solid electrolyte layers.
[5] The capacitor according to any one of [1] to [4], wherein the liquid electrolyte layer contains Li citrate.
[6] The capacitor according to any one of [1] to [5], further comprising a control unit that controls the capacitor including the solid electrolyte layer to be activated at a specific temperature or higher, and controls the capacitor including the liquid dielectric layer to be activated at a lower temperature than the specific temperature.
Advantageous effects of the invention
The present invention can provide a capacitor exhibiting excellent performance from a low temperature region to a high temperature region.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a view of a first aspect of a capacitor according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a view of another example of the first aspect of the capacitor of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a view of a second aspect of a capacitor according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a view of a third aspect of a capacitor according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The capacitor of the present invention has a unit including: a first electrode; a solid electrolyte layer provided on the first electrode; an intermediate electrode provided on the solid electrolyte layer; a liquid electrolyte layer provided on the intermediate electrode; and a second electrode provided on the liquid electrolyte layer. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings as needed. In the drawings, the capacitor of the present invention is arranged such that the first electrode is located at the lower portion and the second electrode is located at the upper portion. However, the first electrode and the second electrode only have to relatively maintain the positional relationship. In other words, depending on the use environment, the first electrode may be located at the upper portion and the second electrode may be located at the lower portion, or the first electrode and the second electrode may be substantially parallel to the vertical direction. The same applies to the other aspects. In the present invention, the range of "X to Y" includes X and Y as its extreme values.
1. Capacitor (first aspect)
Fig. 1 illustrates a first aspect of a capacitor according to the present invention. 100. 1, 3, 2, S and L denote a cell, a first electrode, an intermediate electrode, a second electrode, a solid electrolyte layer and a liquid electrolyte layer, respectively. That is, the capacitor of the present invention has a unit in which a capacitor including a solid electrolyte layer and a capacitor including a liquid electrolyte layer are integrated. For convenience of description, the capacitor portion including the solid electrolyte layer will also be referred to as "solid electrolyte capacitor", the capacitor portion including the liquid electrolyte layer will also be referred to as "liquid electrolyte capacitor", and these capacitor portions will also be referred to as "sub-capacitor" as a whole.
(1) Unit cell
The cell 100 comprises a first electrode 1, a solid electrolyte layer S, an intermediate electrode 3, a liquid electrolyte layer L and a second electrode 2.
1) First and second electrodes
These electrodes may be prepared by known methods. For example, each of these electrodes may be prepared by applying or pressing the active material onto a metal foil. More specifically, each of these electrodes may be prepared as follows. 1) The effective material, the carbon-based conductive aid, the binder, and the like are dissolved in a solvent and bonded to prepare a paste-like or slurry-like mixture, and then the mixture is applied to the metal foil. 2) Such material is dried and cut into various sizes by a cutter. 3) The cut material is pressed in order to smooth the electrode and increase the density of the electrode. The paste-like or slurry-like mixture for the first electrode preferably contains a small amount of solid electrolyte. This allows the Li ion conductivity in the electrode layer to be maintained. The amount of the solid electrolyte in the mixture is preferably equal to or less than 30wt% and further preferably equal to or less than 10 wt%.
The polarity of each electrode will be described in detail below. In the case of a positive electrode, examples of effective materials are carbon-based effective materials (such as graphite and activated carbon) and oxide-based effective materials (such as LiCoO)2And LiFePO4). Examples of the carbon-based conductive aid are acetylene black, ketjen black, graphite, and the like. Examples of binders are polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), PTFE, fluorocarbon rubber, and EPDM. Examples of solvents are NMP, THF and water.
In the case of the negative electrode, examples of the effective material are carbon-based effective materials (such as graphite and activated carbon) and oxide-based effective materials (such as Li)4Ti5O12And LiTiO2). Examples of the carbon-based conductive aid are acetylene black, ketjen black, graphite, and the like. Examples of binders are PVDF, CMC and SBR. Examples of solvents are NMP and water.
In the case where a carbon-based effective material is used, PVDF, PTFE, or the like exhibits a bonding effect on the carbon-based material and the metal foil. Therefore, instead of preparing a mixture in paste or slurry form as described above, the mixture is prepared by using a minimum amount of solvent and pressed into a sheet shape. In this way, an electrode can be formed.
Each of the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 preferably has a sheet shape and may have a known thickness. However, the thickness thereof is preferably about 1 to 100 μm. The first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 do not necessarily have to have the same thickness.
2) Intermediate electrode
The intermediate electrode 3 functions as one of the electrodes of the solid electrolyte capacitor and one of the electrodes of the liquid electrolyte capacitor. The intermediate electrode 3 may be prepared in a similar manner to the first electrode 1 or the second electrode 2. Alternatively, the one electrode of the solid electrolyte capacitor and the electrode of the liquid electrolyte capacitor having the same polarity as the one electrode of the solid electrolyte capacitor may be separately prepared by the above-described method. These electrodes can then be integrated to form the intermediate electrode 3. As the method of integration, a method of welding these electrodes, a method of physically joining these electrodes, and the like are exemplified. At this time, as illustrated in fig. 2, a separation portion 5 may be inserted between the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 so as to form the intermediate electrode 3. The separation portion 5 prevents the liquid electrolyte from penetrating from the liquid electrolyte layer L to the solid electrolyte layer S. With such a configuration, the stability of the capacitor of the present invention can be improved. In this case, the intermediate electrode 32 serves as a second electrode of the solid electrolytic capacitor. Thus, the electrode is preferably formed from a mixture comprising a solid electrolyte as described above.
The intermediate electrode 3 preferably has a sheet shape and may have a known thickness. However, the thickness thereof is preferably about 1 to 200 μm, and further preferably 1 to 100 μm. The separating portion 5 preferably has a sheet shape and may have a known thickness. However, the thickness thereof is preferably about 0.1 to 50 μm.
3) Polarity of the electrodes
As illustrated in fig. 1, in the case where the intermediate electrode 3 functions as both the second electrode of the solid electrolytic capacitor and the first electrode of the liquid electrolytic capacitor, the first electrode 1 and the second electrode 2 have the same polarity, and the intermediate electrode 3 has a different polarity therefrom.
As illustrated in fig. 2, in the aspect in which the intermediate electrode 3 is divided by the separation portion 5, the electrodes 32 and 34 may have the same polarity as each other or different polarities. The connection method of the first electrode 1, the intermediate electrode 32, the intermediate electrode 34, and the second electrode 2 is not limited.
4) Solid electrolyte layer
The solid electrolyte layer S contains a solid electrolyte. The solid electrolyte is an electrolyte that is solid at room temperature, and a known solid electrolyte such as a polymer solid electrolyte, a sulfide solid electrolyte, or an oxide solid electrolyte may be used. Among these, a lithium ion conductor is preferable. An example of such a polymer is polyethylene oxide containing a lithium salt. An example of an oxide is Li7La3Zr2O12、Li3xLa2/3-xTiO3、Li1+xAlxGe2-x(PO4)3、Li1.3Al0.3Ti1.7(PO4)3(LATP)、LixZryNbz(PO4)3(LZNP)、Li1.2Zr1.9Ca0.1(PO4)3(LZCP)、Li7-xLa3Zr2-xNbxO12(LLZN)、Li7-xLa3Zr2-xTaxO12(LLZT)、Li6BaLa2Ta2O12(LBLT)、Li3BO3And Li3PO4-xNx(LiPON). An example of a sulfide is LiS-P2S5(LPS) and Li10GeP2S12(LGPS)。
The solid electrolyte layer may include a binder. Examples of binders are PVDF, PTFE, fluorocarbon rubber, and EPDM. A known forming method of the solid electrolyte layer may be used. For example, the solid electrolyte layer may be formed as follows: 1) the solid electrolyte and the binder are dissolved or dispersed in a solvent to prepare a paste-like or slurry-like mixture. 2) The electrode is coated with the mixture, and then the mixture is dried. 3) Such laminates are cut to the desired size using a cutter. 4) The laminate is pressed in order to smooth the applied layer and to increase the density of the applied layer.
The solid electrolyte layer S preferably has a sheet shape and may have a known thickness. However, the thickness thereof is preferably about 1 to 50 μm.
5) Liquid electrolyte layer
The liquid electrolyte layer L contains a liquid electrolyte. A liquid electrolyte is an electrolyte that is liquid at room temperature. As the liquid electrolyte, a known liquid electrolyte may be used. Examples of liquid electrolytes are ethyl-methylimidazole (EMI) salt, 1, 2-dimethyl-3-propylimidazole (DMPI) such as AlCl4 -And BF4 -Salts, and non-aqueous electrolytes containing lithium salts in organic solvents such as ethylene carbonate and propylene carbonate. An example of a lithium salt is LiPF6、LiBF4And LiClO4. In the case where the liquid electrolyte does not contain Li ions, the liquid electrolyte capacitor is an electric double layer capacitor. In the case where the liquid electrolyte contains Li ions, the liquid electrolyte capacitor is a lithium ion capacitor.
The liquid electrolyte layer may be formed by a known method. For example, a laminate in which a separation portion for a liquid electrolyte layer is disposed between the intermediate electrode 3 and the second electrode 2 is prepared. Then, the laminate is arranged and sealed in a known case, and a liquid electrolyte is poured into the case. In this way, the liquid electrolyte layer can be formed. A known separation portion such as paper may be used as the separation portion for the liquid electrolyte layer.
The liquid electrolyte layer L may have a known thickness. However, the thickness thereof is preferably about 1 to 20 μm.
6) Other units
The capacitor of the present invention preferably includes known units such as a case and terminals in addition to the units described above. Further, the capacitor of the present invention preferably includes a control unit that controls the solid electrolyte capacitor to be energized at a specific temperature T or higher, and controls the liquid electrolyte capacitor to be energized at a temperature lower than the temperature T. The temperature T is preferably selected from a range equal to or higher than 70 ℃ and equal to or lower than 90 ℃, and further preferably from a range equal to or higher than 75 ℃ and equal to or lower than 85 ℃.
2. Capacitor (second aspect)
Fig. 3 illustrates a second aspect of a capacitor according to the present invention. The capacitor includes the cell 100, and further includes an electrolyte layer and an electrode on the outer side in the lamination direction of the cell 100. 11. 21, S1 and L1 denote an additional first electrode, an additional second electrode, an additional solid electrolyte layer and an additional liquid electrolyte layer, respectively. As described above, for convenience of description, each of the solid electrolyte capacitor and the liquid electrolyte capacitor constituting the capacitor will be referred to as a "sub-capacitor". Hereinafter, the outer side in the stacking direction will also be simply referred to as "outer side".
All the electrolytes are arranged so that solid electrolyte layers and liquid electrolyte layers are alternately present. The electrodes and electrolyte are as described in the first aspect. In fig. 3, a single electrolyte layer and a single electrode are arranged on each of the respective outer sides (upper and lower surfaces in the drawing) of the cell 100. However, the electrolyte layer and the electrode may be arranged on only one of the outer sides of the cell 100. Alternatively, two or more electrolyte layers and two or more electrodes may be provided on one or each outer side of the cell 100. In the case where a solid electrolyte, an electrode, a liquid electrolyte, and an electrode are arranged in this order on the outer side of the cell 100, such a structure corresponds to a structure in which two cells 100 are combined. Also in this aspect, the capacitor preferably includes a control unit.
As described in the first aspect, the polarity of each electrode is determined by the connection method of the sub-capacitors arranged adjacent thereto. For example, as illustrated in fig. 3, in the case where all the sub-capacitors arranged adjacently share an electrode, positive electrodes and negative electrodes alternately exist.
3. Capacitor (third aspect)
Fig. 4 illustrates a third aspect of a capacitor according to the present invention. The capacitor includes the cell 100, and further includes an electrolyte layer and an electrode. 11. 21, S1 and L1 denote an additional first electrode, an additional second electrode, an additional solid electrolyte layer and an additional liquid electrolyte layer, respectively.
The additional electrolyte provided on the outside of the liquid electrolyte layer L (on the upper side in the drawing) is a liquid electrolyte, and the additional electrolyte provided on the outside of the solid electrolyte layer S (on the lower side in the drawing) is a solid electrolyte. That is, in the case where the intermediate electrode 3 is a boundary, a liquid electrolytic capacitor is formed on the upper side thereof, and a solid electrolytic capacitor is formed on the lower side thereof. The electrodes and electrolyte are as described in the first aspect. In fig. 4, a single electrolyte layer and a single electrode are disposed on each outer side of the cell 100. However, the electrolyte layer and the electrode may be arranged on only one of the outer sides of the cell 100. Alternatively, two or more electrolyte layers and two or more electrodes may be provided on one or each outer side of the cell 100. Also in this aspect, the capacitor preferably includes a control unit.
As described in the first aspect, the polarity of each electrode is determined by the connection method of the sub-capacitors arranged adjacent thereto. For example, as illustrated in fig. 4, in the case where all the sub-capacitors arranged adjacently share an electrode, positive electrodes and negative electrodes alternately exist.
4. Manufacturing method
The capacitor of the present invention is preferably manufactured by a manufacturing method comprising the steps of:
(A1) a process of forming a laminate in which the first electrode 1, the solid electrolyte layer S, the intermediate electrode 3, the separation portion for the liquid electrolyte layer, and the second electrode 2 are laminated in this order;
(A2) a process of sealing a portion configured to include the intermediate electrode 3, the separation portion for the liquid electrolyte layer, and the second electrode 2; and
(A3) a liquid electrolyte is poured between the intermediate electrode 3 and the second electrode 2 and the part of the process is tightly sealed.
For example, the process (a1) may be performed as follows.
First, the first electrode 1 is coated with a mixture for forming the solid electrolyte layer S, and the intermediate electrode 3 is disposed on the mixture layer. Then, the mixture is dried to manufacture a precursor including the first electrode 1, the solid electrolyte layer S, and the intermediate electrode 3. Next, the separation portion for the liquid electrolyte layer and the second electrode 2 are stacked on the intermediate electrode 3 of the precursor.
In the process (a2), the laminate obtained in the process (a1) is contained in a container or is wrapped by a sheet or the like, and is sealed so that the electrolyte does not leak from the space formed between the intermediate electrode 3 and the second electrode 2 when the liquid electrolyte is poured. Here, an opening for pouring a liquid electrolyte is provided. Although only the portion configured to include the intermediate electrode 3, the separation portion for the liquid electrolyte layer, and the second electrode 2 has to be sealed, the entire laminate may be sealed.
In the process (a3), a liquid electrolyte is poured between the intermediate electrode 3 and the second electrode 2, and then the portion is tightly sealed.
Alternatively, the capacitor of the present invention may be manufactured by a manufacturing method including the steps of:
(B1) a process of forming a solid electrolytic capacitor including the electrode W, the solid electrolyte layer S, and the electrode X;
(B2) a process of forming a liquid electrolyte capacitor including the electrode Y, the liquid electrolyte layer L, and the electrode Z; and
(B3) the process of joining the electrode X with the electrode Y to constitute the intermediate electrode 3 so as to form a capacitor having the electrode W as the first electrode 1 and the electrode Z as the second electrode 2.
The process (B1) and the process (B2) may be performed as described above. Liquid electrolyte capacitors are typically sealed to retain the liquid electrolyte. However, since the electrode Y of the liquid electrolytic capacitor is bonded to the electrode X of the solid electrolytic capacitor in the subsequent step, the bonding surface of the electrode Y is preferably not sealed. In the case where the joining surface of the electrode Y is sealed, such a sealing member functions as the separation portion 5 illustrated in fig. 2.
The process (B3) may be performed by welding the electrode Y and the electrode X. Alternatively, the process (B3) may be performed by press-fitting the electrode Y and the electrode X using a jig or the like to physically fix the electrode Y and the electrode X. At this time, a separation portion 5 such as a metal foil or a polymer film may be disposed between the electrode Y and the electrode X.
5. Applications of
The capacitor of the present invention can be used over a wide temperature range. In the case where the capacitor of the present invention is used as a backup power source for an automobile or a computer or the like and where the ambient temperature is high, a solid electrolyte capacitor can be excited. On the other hand, in a case where the ambient temperature is low, the liquid electrolyte capacitor may be excited. Therefore, the capacitor of the present invention can exhibit excellent performance over a wide temperature range. Further, the capacitor of the present invention is arranged such that the solid electrolyte capacitor is located on the side thereof exposed to high temperature, and the liquid electrolyte capacitor is located on the side thereof exposed to low temperature. In this way, the capacitor of the present invention can exhibit excellent performance over a wide temperature range.
List of reference numerals
100: unit cell
1: a first electrode
11: additional first electrode
3: intermediate electrode
32: intermediate electrode
34: intermediate electrode
2: second electrode
21: additional second electrode
5: separation part
S: solid electrolyte layer
S1: additional solid electrolyte layer
L: liquid electrolyte layer
L1: an additional liquid electrolyte layer.

Claims (6)

1. A capacitor, comprising:
a unit, comprising:
a first electrode;
a solid electrolyte layer provided on the first electrode;
an intermediate electrode provided on the solid electrolyte layer;
a liquid electrolyte layer provided on the intermediate electrode; and
a second electrode provided on the liquid electrolyte layer.
2. The capacitor of claim 1, wherein,
a separation portion that prevents the liquid electrolyte from penetrating from the liquid electrolyte layer to the solid electrolyte layer is provided in the interior of the intermediate electrode in the cell.
3. The capacitor of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
an electrolyte layer and an electrode on an outer side of the second electrode in the stacking direction in the cell or on an outer side of the first electrode in the stacking direction in the cell, wherein,
all the electrolytes are arranged so that solid electrolyte layers and liquid electrolyte layers are alternately present.
4. The capacitor of claim 1 or 2, further comprising:
at least one electrolyte layer and at least one electrode on the outside of the second electrode in the stacking direction in the cell or on the outside of the first electrode in the stacking direction in the cell, wherein
All of the electrolyte layers present on the outer side of the second electrode in the stacking direction are liquid electrolyte layers, and
all of the electrolyte layers present on the outer side of the first electrode in the stacking direction are solid electrolyte layers.
5. The capacitor of any one of claims 1 to 4,
the liquid electrolyte layer contains Li citrate.
6. The capacitor of any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising:
a control unit that controls the capacitor including the solid electrolyte layer to be activated at a specific temperature or higher, and controls the capacitor including the liquid dielectric layer to be activated at a lower temperature than the specific temperature.
CN201880087193.5A 2017-11-22 2018-09-07 Capacitor with a capacitor element Pending CN111602217A (en)

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JP2017-225130 2017-11-22
JP2017225130A JP2019096742A (en) 2017-11-22 2017-11-22 Capacitor
PCT/IB2018/056824 WO2019102278A1 (en) 2017-11-22 2018-09-07 Capacitor

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