CN111590984A - 用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN111590984A
CN111590984A CN202010568578.2A CN202010568578A CN111590984A CN 111590984 A CN111590984 A CN 111590984A CN 202010568578 A CN202010568578 A CN 202010568578A CN 111590984 A CN111590984 A CN 111590984A
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melt adhesive
hot melt
layer
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middle filter
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李正龙
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Chuang Si Guangzhou Technology Development Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/022—Non-woven fabric
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/05—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches protecting only a particular body part
    • A41D13/11—Protective face masks, e.g. for surgical use, or for use in foul atmospheres
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
    • A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
    • A41D31/14—Air permeable, i.e. capable of being penetrated by gases
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    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
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    • B01D46/0028—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions provided with antibacterial or antifungal means
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    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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Abstract

本发明涉及口罩材料的技术领域，具体涉及一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，其包括相互平行的上保护层、中过滤层以及下保护层，中过滤层位于上保护层与下保护层之间，上保护层与中过滤层固定连接，中过滤层与下保护层固定连接，上保护层、中过滤层以及下保护层均为透气材料，中过滤层为纳米纤维膜。本发明具有防护时效较长、透气性较好、能较好地附加生物活性物质和消炎抗菌功能、可重复水洗、经久耐用的效果。

Description

用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及口罩材料的技术领域，尤其是涉及一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料。
背景技术
目前随着人们对卫生的要求越来越高，越来越多的人开始习惯在出行时佩戴口罩，口罩成为了畅销品。
现有的口罩主要由无纺布、熔喷棉、水刺布、无纺布四层结构依次叠合而形成，这种四层的结构主要采用熔喷棉阻挡大颗粒并通过熔喷棉产生的静电实现对细微颗粒的静电吸附，通过静电吸附以实现对细微颗粒的过滤。
上述中的现有技术方案存在以下缺陷：
熔喷棉上的静电荷会随着时间消失，潮湿也会加速电荷消失的速度，使得口罩的有效时间较短，并且在清洗后，静电荷会完全消失，再也不具备阻挡细微颗粒的能力，只能阻挡大颗粒，对病毒等细微颗粒完全没有阻挡效果，导致口罩的效果近乎失效，因此，还有改善空间。
发明内容
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的之一是提供一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，其具有制备的口罩有效时间段且可清洗以重复使用的效果。
针对现有技术存在的不足，本发明的目的之二是提供一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料的制备方法，其具有质量较佳的效果。
本发明的上述发明目的之一是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：
一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，包括相互平行的上保护层、中过滤层以及下保护层，中过滤层位于上保护层与下保护层之间，所述上保护层与中过滤层固定连接，所述中过滤层与下保护层固定连接，所述上保护层、中过滤层以及下保护层均为透气材料，所述中过滤层为ePTFE纳米纤维膜。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过中过滤层采用ePTFE纳米纤维膜，使得中过滤层能阻挡PM0.3的污染物，其过滤效果较佳，而且其过滤效果是纯粹的物理阻挡，不会存在熔喷棉那种因潮湿而失去静电导致过滤效果下降甚至丧失的情况，防护时效较长，且可重复水洗也不会影响过滤效果，而且纳米纤维膜由于直径小，厚度较薄，使得中间过滤层的厚度较薄，透气性更好，虽然物理过滤的网孔空间较小，但依然能保持较好的透气性能，甚至比熔喷棉有过之而无不及，由于纳米纤维膜无需高温熔喷，低温的制备工艺使得纳米纤维膜能较好地附加生物活性物质和消炎抗菌功能，而且纳米纤维膜还具有较好的物理性能，重复水洗的过程中纳米纤维膜不易断裂破损，经久耐用。
通过膨体聚四氟乙烯制成的纳米纤维膜，强度高，表面光滑，还具有自润滑性能，气体在纤维间流动时流动性能较佳，使得透气性更好，且膨体聚四氟乙烯无毒无害，对人体无负面影响，清洗后，水珠不易缠流，纤维膜的网孔不易被灰尘和水的结合物封堵，使得清洗后的三合一材料性能不会发生太大变化，可多次重复使用。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述上保护层由PP无纺布或ES无纺布制成。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过上保护层由PP无纺布或ES无纺布制成，使得上保护层具有较好的制成作用，使得三合一材料骨架稳定，易于保持形态，制成口罩后，不易因过于柔软而粘附在嘴上，提高使用体验。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述下保护层由PP无纺布或ES无纺布或ES热风棉或PP熔喷布或PP吸油棉或水刺无纺布制成。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过下保护层PP无纺布或ES无纺布或ES热风棉或PP熔喷布或PP吸油棉或水刺无纺布制成，起到支撑三合一材料的效果的同时还能具有吸油或吸湿功能，使得制成的口罩佩戴后较为清爽。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述上保护层与中过滤层通过热熔胶膜固定连接，所述中过滤层与下保护层也通过热熔胶膜固定连接。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过热熔胶膜固定连接上保护层与中过滤层，以及通过热熔胶膜固定连接中过滤层与下保护层，使得连接稳定，且加工时可采用热压工艺，压合效率高，快速成型，且操作方便。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述热熔胶膜为熔点在120-150℃的聚氨酯热熔胶膜。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过热熔胶膜的熔点控制在120-150℃，使得热熔胶膜的热压温度无需太高，从而使得可在中过滤层较好地附加生物活性物质和消炎抗菌功能，而且能降低能耗，并且使得热熔胶膜在高温消毒的过程中不会熔化，不易出现变形甚至解体的情况，使得三合一材料能反复消毒清洗后重复使用，减少浪费。
本发明的上述发明目的之二是通过以下技术方案得以实现的：
一种上述的用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤；
步骤1)将两层热熔胶膜分别放置于上保护层与中过滤层之间以及中过滤层与下保护层之间，获得预制材料；
步骤2)通过热压设备压合预制材料以形成用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过热压设备压合预制材料以形成三合一材料，使得三合一材料中各层原料之间粘结稳定，热熔胶膜能充分渗透至各层原料中并分布均匀，使得粘结稳定性较佳，减少局部空鼓的情况，质量较好。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述步骤2)中，热压预制材料时，热压温度为180-200℃。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过180-200℃的温度热压，使得热熔胶膜充分熔融，流动性较好，较好地渗透于各层原料中，粘结稳定性高，且不会破坏各层原料的分子链结构，使得制成的三合一材料质量较佳。
本发明在一较佳示例中可以进一步配置为：所述步骤2)中，热压预制材料时，热压的压力为1.5kgf/m2-3kgf/m2。
通过采用上述技术方案，通过1.5kgf/m2-3kgf/m2的压力挤压各层原料，使得热熔胶膜在熔融后由于受压而更好地均匀分布，使得粘结各层原料的效果较佳，同时避免压力过大而损坏各层原料的分子结构的情况，使得制备所得的三合一材料质量较佳。
综上所述，本发明包括以下至少一种有益技术效果：
1.通过中过滤层采用纳米纤维膜，使得中过滤层能阻挡PM0.3的污染物，其过滤效果较佳，而且其过滤效果是纯粹的物理阻挡，不会存在熔喷棉那种因潮湿而失去静电导致过滤效果下降甚至丧失的情况，防护时效较长，且可重复水洗也不会影响过滤效果，而且纳米纤维膜由于直径小，厚度较薄，使得中间过滤层的厚度较薄，透气性更好，虽然物理过滤的网孔空间较小，但依然能保持较好的透气性能，甚至比熔喷棉有过之而无不及，由于纳米纤维膜无需高温熔喷，低温的制备工艺使得纳米纤维膜能较好地附加生物活性物质和消炎抗菌功能，而且纳米纤维膜还具有较好的物理性能，重复水洗的过程中纳米纤维膜不易断裂破损，经久耐用；
2.通过膨体聚四氟乙烯制成的纳米纤维膜，强度高，表面光滑，还具有自润滑性能，气体在纤维间流动时流动性能较佳，使得透气性更好，且膨体聚四氟乙烯无毒无害，对人体无负面影响，清洗后，水珠不易缠流，纤维膜的网孔不易被灰尘和水的结合物封堵，使得清洗后的三合一材料性能不会发生太大变化，可多次重复使用；
3.通过180-200℃的温度热压，使得热熔胶膜充分熔融，流动性较好，较好地渗透于各层原料中，粘结稳定性高，且不会破坏各层原料的分子链结构，使得制成的三合一材料质量较佳。
附图说明
图1是本发明中用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料的制备方法的流程示意图。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本发明作进一步详细说明。
以下实施例及比较例中所用原料的来源信息请详见表1
表1
Figure BDA0002548467760000061
实施例1
一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，包括相互平行的上保护层、中过滤层以及下保护层，上保护层与中过滤层之间以及中过滤层与下保护层之间均通过热熔胶膜固定连接。
上保护层由PP无纺布制成。
中过滤层由膨体聚四氟乙烯制成的ePTFE纳米纤维膜。
下保护层由PP无纺布制成。
热熔胶膜为熔点在120℃的聚氨酯热熔胶膜。
参照图1，用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料的制备方法如下：
步骤1)，将上保护层、中过滤层、下保护层以及热熔胶膜分别置于热压复合机的导布辊上，然后将两层热熔胶膜分别放置于上保护层与中过滤层之间以及中过滤层与下保护层之间，获得预制材料，将热压复合机预热至180℃，设定压合压力为1.5kgf/m2。
步骤2)，将预制材料的前端放入热压复合机的涂布辊中进行压合以制成三合一材料，压合温度为180℃，压合时间30s，压合压力为1.5kgf/m2。
实施例2
一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，与实施例1相比，区别仅在于：
热熔胶膜为熔点在135℃的聚氨酯热熔胶膜。
步骤2)中，压合温度为190℃，压合时间20s，压合压力为2.5kgf/m2。
实施例3
一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，与实施例1相比，区别仅在于：
热熔胶膜为熔点在150℃的聚氨酯热熔胶膜。
步骤2)中，压合温度为200℃，压合时间10s，压合压力为3kgf/m2。
实施例4
一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，与实施例1相比，区别仅在于：
上保护层由ES无纺布制成。
实施例5
一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，与实施例1相比，区别仅在于：
下保护层由ES无纺布制成。
实施例6
一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，与实施例1相比，区别仅在于：
下保护层由ES热风棉制成。
实施例7
一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，与实施例1相比，区别仅在于：
下保护层由PP熔喷布制成。
实施例8
一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，与实施例1相比，区别仅在于：
下保护层由PP吸油棉制成。
实施例9
一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，与实施例1相比，区别仅在于：
下保护层由水刺无纺布制成。
比较例1
一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，与实施例1相比，区别仅在于：
中过滤层由PP熔喷布制成。
实验1
根据GB/T 2626-2019《呼吸防护用品自吸过滤式防颗粒物呼吸器》检测各实施例及比较例的三合一材料制成的口罩试样的NaCl颗粒物过滤效率、吸气阻力、呼气阻力、视野、头带、可燃性、死腔、外观检查。
具体检测数据见表2及表3。
表2
Figure BDA0002548467760000101
Figure BDA0002548467760000111
表3
Figure BDA0002548467760000112
Figure BDA0002548467760000121
根据表2中比较例1与实施例1的数据对比可得，采用由膨体聚四氟乙烯制成的纳米纤维膜作为中过滤层与采用PP熔喷布作为中过滤层相比，采用由膨体聚四氟乙烯制成的纳米纤维膜作为中过滤层时吸气阻力和呼气阻力均明显下降，使得透气性更佳，提高使用体验；
温湿度预处理后，采用由膨体聚四氟乙烯制成的纳米纤维膜作为中过滤层时，NaCl颗粒物过滤效率明显更高，使得潮湿时防护效果依然保持，防护时效长。
本具体实施方式的实施例均为本发明的较佳实施例，并非依此限制本发明的保护范围，故：凡依本发明的结构、形状、原理所做的等效变化，均应涵盖于本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (8)

1. 一种用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，其特征在于：包括相互平行的上保护层、中过滤层以及下保护层，中过滤层位于上保护层与下保护层之间， 所述上保护层与中过滤层固定连接，所述中过滤层与下保护层固定连接，所述上保护层、中过滤层以及下保护层均为透气材料，所述中过滤层为ePTFE纳米纤维膜。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，其特征在于：所述上保护层由PP无纺布或ES无纺布制成。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，其特征在于：所述下保护层由PP无纺布或ES无纺布或ES热风棉或PP熔喷布或PP吸油棉或水刺无纺布制成。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，其特征在于：所述上保护层与中过滤层通过热熔胶膜固定连接，所述中过滤层与下保护层也通过热熔胶膜固定连接。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料，其特征在于：所述热熔胶膜为熔点在120-150℃的聚氨酯热熔胶膜。
6.一种根据权利要求1所述的用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤；
步骤1）将两层热熔胶膜分别放置于上保护层与中过滤层之间以及中过滤层与下保护层之间，获得预制材料；
步骤2）通过热压设备压合预制材料以形成用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2）中，热压预制材料时，热压温度为180-200℃。
8. 根据权利要求6所述的用于口罩的环保型热熔胶贴合的三合一材料的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤2）中，热压预制材料时，热压的压力为1.5 kgf/m2-3kgf/m2。
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