CN111588033A - Baking process of edible rhizoma polygonati and processing method of edible rhizoma polygonati slices - Google Patents
Baking process of edible rhizoma polygonati and processing method of edible rhizoma polygonati slices Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
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Abstract
A baking process of edible rhizoma Polygonati and a processing method of edible rhizoma Polygonati slice comprises cleaning and sun drying excavated rhizoma Polygonati until the surface is tough; then baking the non-washed rhizoma polygonati after airing in an oven, then putting the non-washed rhizoma polygonati into a depilator for depilation, then putting the non-washed rhizoma polygonati into the oven for baking, circulating for 2-4 times, performing pile fermentation, then performing baking-depilation circulation for 1-3 times to ensure that the water content of the rhizoma polygonati is within 10 percent and the thoroughly-ripeness degree is at least 80 percent, and then washing, draining, fermenting, slicing and drying. The invention can directly dig rhizoma polygonati for baking without removing mud, beard and cleaning, can keep the rhizoma polygonati complete, and ensure that the rhizoma polygonati is golden yellow in color, transparent in whole body, soft in texture and sweet and mellow in taste; the prepared polygonatum tablet has high yield, golden color, glittering and translucent color, flatness and smoothness, rough and astringent taste removed by baking and saccharification, no additive, direct eating and pure natural sweet taste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of rhizoma polygonati.
Background
Polygonatum sibiricum Red is a liliaceae plant, is commonly called as rheum officinale essence, rhizoma polygonati, and rhizoma zingiberis, is a traditional Chinese medicinal material with the effects of tonifying qi and yin, strengthening spleen, moistening lung and tonifying kidney, is commonly used for brewing and eating Polygonatum sibiricum tonic, but Polygonatum sibiricum tastes rough and unsmooth, cannot be directly eaten, and can be eaten as Polygonatum sibiricum tonic only by special preparation.
The traditional Chinese medicine rhizoma polygonati is mainly prepared by using the medicinal effective components of rhizoma polygonati, has no requirements on color, texture and taste, and is relatively simple to prepare as long as the preparation requirements of the conventional traditional Chinese medicine are met. Besides using the effective medicinal components of rhizoma Polygonati, the color, texture and taste of rhizoma Polygonati should be considered. In order to brew edible sealwort, a brewing method of nine times of steaming and nine times of drying is adopted by medical farmers, so that the process is quite complex, the energy consumption is high, the time and labor are wasted, the production cost is high, the quality cannot be guaranteed, the brewed sealwort is yellow and black in color, flat and dry in head, and different in hardness and softness, and the loss of effective ingredients such as polysaccharide and the like is caused by repeated steaming, so that the mouth feel is poor, and the greater problem is that the industrial production in large batch cannot be carried out. For this reason, a great deal of research has been carried out in the industry:
the Chinese patent publication number is CN110432489A, and the publication date is: 2019.11.12A method for preparing cooked rhizoma Polygonati food, the disclosed technology is: (1) cleaning and screening: selecting perennial rhizoma Polygonati and rhizoma Polygonati Odorati, removing beard, removing mud, cleaning, and removing insect plaque and mildew necrosis part; (2) steaming: steaming the mixture for 50 to 120min at the temperature of 95 to 105 ℃, taking out the polygonatum and slicing the polygonatum; (3) processing rhizoma polygonati: adding yellow wine into sliced rhizoma polygonati, soaking for 60-120 min at 45-60 ℃, taking out, directly placing at high temperature, steaming for 30-60min, soaking again in yellow wine at 45-60 ℃ for 60-120 min, taking out, directly placing at high temperature, steaming for 60-120 min, taking out, directly drying under vacuum condition to obtain processed rhizoma polygonati; (4) preparing polygonatum odoratum liquid: adding water into sliced polygonatum odoratum, boiling for 110-140 min at 95-100 ℃, and filtering to obtain polygonatum odoratum liquid, wherein the weight kg ratio of the added water L to the polygonatum odoratum is 5-10: 1; (5) mixing: mixing the polygonatum odoratum solution and the processed rhizoma polygonati, pressurizing to more than 2 atmospheric pressures, soaking for 60-120 min, taking out the rhizoma polygonati, drying in vacuum, spraying the rest polygonatum odoratum solution onto the dried rhizoma polygonati, sterilizing and packaging in vacuum to obtain the product. The technical effects are as follows: 1. the polygonatum is adopted to improve the taste, so that the polygonatum is soft and tasty, and the reduction and denaturation of the polygonatum tablet (finished product) are effectively avoided, so that the polygonatum can be directly eaten as food. 2. The water content of the sealwort processed by the technology is 25-35%, so that the sealwort is soft and tasty and can be directly eaten as food. 3. The rhizoma Polygonati Odorati leaching solution (rhizoma Polygonati Odorati polysaccharide) is permeated into rhizoma Polygonati slice under pressure to neutralize and soften cellulose (facilitating cellulose absorption), and is vacuumed by vacuum drying to soften rhizoma Polygonati when it is eaten. 4. The content of rough and astringent substances in the sealwort is reduced by means of slicing and yellow wine soaking, and simultaneously, the browning of the sealwort is avoided by vacuum drying.
The Chinese patent publication number is CN110772597A, and the publication date is: 2020.02.11A special processing technology for Yunnan rhizoma Polygonati by nine times steaming and sun drying, comprises the following steps: 1. a Yunnan manyflower solomonseal rhizome nine-steaming and nine-sun-drying characteristic processing technology is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following processing steps: the method comprises the following steps: taking fresh polygonatum kingianum, and airing the fresh polygonatum kingianum to 70-80% of the original weight; step two: removing the root hairs of polygonatum kingianum and cleaning the polygonatum kingianum; step three: slicing cleaned polygonatum kingianum, placing the slices into a ceramic pot, adding yellow wine which accounts for 15-25% of the polygonatum kingianum in mass into the ceramic pot, uniformly stirring, and covering a sealing cover; step four: placing the ceramic pot filled with polygonatum kingianum into a medium-high pressure sterilization cabinet, heating to 110-; step five: placing the steamed sheet polygonatum kingianum in the sun for airing, or placing the sheet polygonatum kingianum in a drying chamber for drying treatment, then uniformly spraying the polygonatum juice left at the bottom of the ceramic pot on the dried sheet polygonatum kingianum, and carrying out smoldering for 3-5 hours; step six: repeating the operation of the fourth step and the fifth step eight times, namely completing the 'nine steaming and nine airing' of the polygonatum kingianum; step seven: soaking Polygonatum kingianum after being steamed and dried for nine times into 10-25mg/kg potassium sorbate solution for several seconds, taking out, and air drying with hot air; step eight: and (4) carrying out vacuum packaging on the air-dried polygonatum kingianum by using a plastic packaging bag. The thickness of the polygonatum kingianum slice is 2-3 cm. The beneficial effects are as follows: the polygonatum kingianum is cooked through the high-pressure sterilization cabinet, so that the temperature and time for steaming the polygonatum kingianum are convenient to control, the operation is convenient, the time and the labor are saved, and the working efficiency of workers is improved; sealing and steaming the polygonatum kingianum through a ceramic pot to avoid loss of polygonatum kingianum juice, and mixing the polygonatum kingianum juice with the polygonatum kingianum again after each airing to ensure the content of the medicine in the polygonatum kingianum; the airing is carried out by one of sun airing or drying in a drying room, and the method is suitable for processing polygonatum kingianum in various regions and in different weathers; the steamed polygonatum kingianum is immersed in the potassium sorbate solution, the potassium sorbate is an acidic preservative, so that the polygonatum kingianum has high antibacterial performance, the growth of microorganisms is inhibited and the preservative effect is achieved by inhibiting a dehydrogenase system in the microorganisms, bacteria, mold and yeast are inhibited, and the shelf life of the polygonatum kingianum is effectively prolonged.
Chinese patent publication No. CN109939177A, published on; 2019.06.28A method for refining rhizoma Polygonati comprises the following steps: a method for refining rhizoma polygonati is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) digging rhizomes of polygonatum cyrtonema which withers and matures after frost, airing, removing fibrous roots, scraping silt stored in knots, and cleaning the rhizomes with clear water; (2) cutting cleaned rhizome of rhizoma Polygonati into blocks, storing at low temperature for 10-20h, and drying in oven to obtain dried rhizome block; (3) uniformly stirring the dried rhizome blocks and the yellow wine according to the mass ratio of 1:0.3-0.6, and then placing the mixture into a closed container or a sealed plastic bag for primary sealing and moistening; opening a closed container or a sealed plastic bag, adding yellow wine with the weight of 0.2-0.4 times of that of the rhizoma polygonati blocks, uniformly stirring, sealing and moistening for the second time, cooking the moistened rhizoma polygonati blocks for 3-5h, taking out and drying in the sun; (4) mixing the dried rhizoma polygonati blocks, yellow wine and honey according to the mass ratio of 100:10:5, uniformly stirring, standing for 1-2h, taking out the rhizoma polygonati blocks, cooking for 30-60min, taking out, drying in the sun, repeating the process for 6 times, and then placing in the sun to dry until the water content is 15-20 wt%; (5) and (4) spreading the sealwort obtained in the step (4) in a cool and indoor place, putting the sealwort into a plastic bag or a wooden barrel, and tying for storage to obtain the sealwort. Has the following beneficial effects: in the steaming process, a honey protective layer is coated on the surface of the rhizoma polygonati, so that the nutrient content brought out by steam is reduced, and a part of honey can enter the interior of the rhizoma polygonati through the surface layer of the rhizoma polygonati blocks, so that the rhizoma polygonati is slightly sweet, and the taste of the rhizoma polygonati is improved.
In view of the above disclosed technology, there are problems that: firstly, the problem that the rhizoma polygonati with different rhizome sizes and different old and tender degrees is subjected to integral saccharification of retaining the original shape cannot be solved, so that the rhizoma polygonati can meet the requirement of direct eating; secondly, before processing, the sealwort is subjected to whisker removal, mud removal and cleaning, so that time and labor are wasted, the labor cost is increased, and the sealwort is damaged; thirdly, the sealwort is cut into blocks or slices, which destroys the biological structure of the sealwort and is not beneficial to the transformation and formation of effective substances such as sealwort polysaccharide and the like; fourthly, high-temperature cooking is adopted, so that the loss of effective substances is caused; and fifthly, because effective saccharification is not carried out, yellow wine is added to reduce the content of rough and astringent substances in the polygonatum rhizome to improve the taste, or polygonatum odoratum liquid is adopted to improve the taste, or honey is added to make the polygonatum rhizome have slightly sweet taste, so that the taste of the polygonatum rhizome is improved. The purely natural saccharified polygonatum taste is not formed. And the potassium sorbate is added as an acidic preservative, so that the food with the additive is formed, and the food is not a pure natural food.
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and discloses a process for baking edible rhizoma polygonati, which is used for directly baking the rhizoma polygonati without removing mud, beard and cleaning the rhizoma polygonati, can keep the integrity of the rhizoma polygonati individuals and ensure that the rhizoma polygonati individuals have golden yellow color, transparent whole bodies, soft texture and mellow taste.
The second purpose of the invention is to solve the problems in the prior art and disclose a processing method of edible polygonatum tablet which is obtained by baking polygonatum to remove the rough and astringent taste, has no additive, is golden yellow in color, smooth, flat, crystal clear, can be directly eaten and has pure natural sweet and mellow taste.
One of the technical solutions of the present invention is: the baking process of edible rhizoma polygonati is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, the dug-back sealwort is subjected to non-washing and airing until the epidermis is tough; then baking the non-washed sealwort after airing in an oven, then putting the sealwort into a depilator for depilation to control the surface of the sealwort not to be damaged due to depilation, then putting the sealwort into the oven for baking, then carrying out depilation, carrying out pile fermentation after circulating for multiple times, and then carrying out multiple baking-depilation circulation.
Further, the pile fermentation is performed again after a plurality of bake-dehairing cycles are performed, followed by the final dehairing.
Further, the baking is carried out, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 40-120 ℃, and the time is controlled to be 4-9 hours.
Further, the baking, the first baking, the temperature is controlled at 120 ℃ for 100-; baking after the 2 nd time at 40-80 deg.C, preferably 60-80 deg.C, 40-60 deg.C, and 4-7 hr, preferably 4-6 hr, and 6-7 hr.
Further, the epilation time is at most 80 minutes.
Furthermore, the epilation, the first epilation, takes up to 5 minutes, the 2 nd and subsequent epilations, taking 10-80 minutes, with a corresponding increase in epilation times.
Further, the depilation time for the 2 nd depilation is 15 to 25 minutes, the depilation time for the 3 rd depilation is 25 to 40 minutes, the depilation time for the 4 th depilation is 60 to 65 minutes, and the depilation time for the 5 th depilation is 65 to 70 minutes.
Further, the pile fermentation is carried out, the unhaired rhizoma polygonati is put into a breathable container and is wrapped and sealed by a film for 20-60 hours; preferably 24-48 hours.
Further, the multiple times of the cycle are 2 to 4 times, preferably 3 times.
Further, the operation is carried out again 2 to 3 times.
The second technical solution of the invention is as follows: the baking process of edible rhizoma polygonati is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
a. carrying out non-washing and airing on the dug sealwort until the surface of the sealwort is tough;
b. baking for the first time: and (b) putting the sealwort in the step (a) into an oven for baking, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 120 ℃ at 100-.
c. Depilating for the first time: b, putting the sealwort obtained in the step b into a depilator for depilating for at most 5 minutes;
d. and (5) baking for the second time: placing the rhizoma Polygonati subjected to primary depilation into an oven for secondary baking at 60-80 deg.C, preferably 70 deg.C for 6 hr at most;
e. and (3) depilating for the second time: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the second time into a depilator for depilating for the second time, wherein the time is 15-25 minutes, and preferably 15-20 minutes;
f. and (3) baking for the third time: placing the rhizoma Polygonati in the oven for the second time to bake at 40-60 deg.C, preferably 50-60 deg.C, 55 deg.C for 6-7 hr, preferably 5 hr;
g. and (3) depilating for the third time: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the third time into a depilator for depilating for the third time, wherein the time is 35-40 minutes;
h. primary pile fermentation: placing the rhizoma Polygonati in a gas-permeable container, wrapping with film, and sealing for 40-48 hr, preferably 44-45 hr;
i. fourth baking: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to pile fermentation into an oven to be baked for the fourth time, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 40-60 ℃, preferably 45-55 ℃, 50 ℃, and the time is 4-6 hours and 5 hours;
j. fourth depilation: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the fourth time into a depilator for depilating for the fourth time, wherein the time is 60-65 minutes;
k. and (3) secondary pile fermentation: putting the rhizoma Polygonati in a breathable container, and sealing with film for 40-50 hr, preferably 45 hr;
fifth depilation: and (4) putting the polygonatum subjected to the second pile fermentation into a depilating machine for fifth depilation for 65-70 minutes to obtain the baked and saccharified edible polygonatum.
The third technical solution of the invention is: the processing method of the edible rhizoma polygonati tablet by adopting the edible rhizoma polygonati baking process is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, the dug-back sealwort is subjected to non-washing and airing until the epidermis is tough; then baking the dried non-washed rhizoma polygonati in an oven, then putting the baked non-washed rhizoma polygonati in a depilator for depilation, baking and depilation, performing pile fermentation after 2-4 times of circulation, then performing baking-depilation circulation for 1-3 times to ensure that the water content of the rhizoma polygonati is within 10 percent and the thoroughly ripeness degree is at least 80 percent, and then adopting the following steps:
a. washing: putting the baked and saccharified rhizoma polygonati into a depilator, and washing with clear water, wherein the principle is to prevent the epidermis from being washed thoroughly;
b. draining and fermenting: putting the washed rhizoma polygonati into a breathable container, draining for many times at intervals, and then sealing the container by using a film until the thoroughly-permeable degree of the rhizoma polygonati reaches more than 95%;
c. slicing: slicing the drained and fermented rhizoma Polygonati into rhizoma Polygonati slices of 1.3-2mm, preferably 1.5-1.6 mm;
d. and (3) drying: and d, putting the round rhizoma polygonati slices prepared in the step c into a curing barn for drying, controlling the temperature at 50-60 ℃, drying until the water content is within 6 percent, and then carrying out grading packaging.
Further, performing pile fermentation again after baking-unhairing circulation, and performing final unhairing to make rhizoma Polygonati water content within 9% and thoroughly ripeness at least 85%
Further, the washing: putting the baked rhizoma polygonati into a depilator, and washing for 15-20 minutes by using clear water;
further, the draining fermentation: putting the washed rhizoma Polygonati into a bamboo basket, pouring water once every 2-4 hours, preferably 3 hours, pouring for 4-7 times, preferably 5-6 times, and totally sealing the bamboo basket with a film for 8-10 hours;
further, the drying: the temperature is controlled at 50-60 deg.C, and the drying time is 5-7 hr, preferably 6 hr, and the water content is within 6%.
Further, grading, namely dividing the dried rhizoma polygonati slices into four grades with the diameters of 1-1.4cm, 1.5-2.5 cm, 2.6-4.0 cm and more than 4.1 cm.
The fourth technical solution of the invention is: the processing method of the edible rhizoma polygonati tablet by adopting the edible rhizoma polygonati baking process is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
a. carrying out non-washing and airing on the dug sealwort until the surface of the sealwort is tough;
b. baking for the first time: and (b) putting the sealwort in the step (a) into an oven for baking, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 120 ℃ at 100-.
c. Depilating for the first time: b, putting the sealwort obtained in the step b into a depilator for depilating for at most 5 minutes;
d. and (5) baking for the second time: placing the rhizoma Polygonati subjected to primary depilation into an oven for secondary baking at 60-80 deg.C, preferably 70 deg.C for 6 hr at most;
e. and (3) depilating for the second time: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the second time into a depilator for depilating for the second time, wherein the time is 15-25 minutes, and preferably 15-20 minutes;
f. and (3) baking for the third time: placing the rhizoma Polygonati in the oven for the second time to bake at 40-60 deg.C, preferably 50-60 deg.C, 55 deg.C for 6-7 hr, preferably 5 hr;
g. and (3) depilating for the third time: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the third time into a depilator for depilating for the third time, wherein the time is 35-40 minutes;
h. primary pile fermentation: placing the rhizoma Polygonati in a gas-permeable container, wrapping with film, and sealing for 40-48 hr, preferably 44-45 hr;
i. fourth baking: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to pile fermentation into an oven to be baked for the fourth time, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 40-60 ℃, preferably 45-55 ℃, 50 ℃, and the time is 4-6 hours and 5 hours;
j. fourth depilation: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the fourth time into a depilator for depilating for the fourth time, wherein the time is 60-65 minutes;
k. and (3) secondary pile fermentation: putting the rhizoma Polygonati in a breathable container, and sealing with film for 40-50 hr, preferably 45 hr;
fifth depilation: and (4) putting the polygonatum subjected to the second pile fermentation into a depilating machine for fifth depilation for 65-70 minutes to obtain the baked and saccharified edible polygonatum.
m. washing: putting the baked rhizoma polygonati into a depilator, and washing with clear water, wherein the principle is to prevent the surface of the skin from being washed thoroughly;
n, draining and fermenting: putting the washed rhizoma polygonati into a breathable container, draining for many times at intervals, and then sealing the container by using a film until the thoroughly-permeable degree of the rhizoma polygonati reaches more than 95%;
o. slicing: slicing the drained and fermented rhizoma Polygonati into rhizoma Polygonati slices of 1.3-2mm, preferably 1.5-1.6 mm;
p, drying: and (e) putting the circular rhizoma polygonati slices prepared in the step (o) into a curing barn for drying, controlling the temperature to be 50-60 ℃, drying until the water content is within 6%, and then carrying out grading packaging.
Further, the washing: putting the baked rhizoma polygonati into a depilator, and washing for 15-20 minutes by using clear water;
further, the draining fermentation: putting the washed rhizoma Polygonati into a bamboo basket, pouring water once every 2-4 hours, preferably 3 hours, pouring for 4-7 times, preferably 5-6 times, and totally sealing the bamboo basket with a film for 8-10 hours;
further, the drying: the temperature is controlled at 50-60 deg.C, and the drying time is 5-7 hr, preferably 6 hr, and the water content is within 6%.
Further, grading, namely dividing the dried rhizoma polygonati slices into four grades with the diameters of 1-1.4cm, 1.5-2.5 cm, 2.6-4.0 cm and more than 4.1 cm.
The invention adopts the technical scheme, solves the problems in the prior art, can directly dig the sealwort for baking, does not need to remove mud, beard and clean the sealwort, can keep the sealwort individuals complete, and ensures that each individual sealwort can achieve smooth surface, golden yellow color, transparent whole body, soft texture and sweet and mellow taste; the prepared rhizoma polygonati tablets are golden yellow in color, glittering and translucent, smooth, flat and free of numb and astringent tastes, free of any additive, capable of being directly eaten and pure natural and sweet in taste.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a process for baking saccharified edible rhizoma Polygonati;
fig. 2 shows edible rhizoma polygonati tablets produced by the technology of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the invention may be more clearly understood, a particular embodiment thereof will now be described with reference to figures 1-2.
Embodiment 1:
the edible sealwort baking process includes the first non-washing and drying to tough surface. On one hand, the sealwort can be prevented from hardening by non-washing and airing, and on the other hand, the sealwort is favorable for being damaged in the sealwort baking process. The surface belt toughness is that when the hair is firstly removed, the hair removing machine can not break the skin after 5 minutes of hair removal at the rotating speed of 1600-1800 rpm.
Then putting the aired non-washed rhizoma polygonati into an oven for baking. The baking is used for promoting softening and saccharification of rhizoma Polygonati, and the baking is to prevent scorching, and in some embodiments, the temperature is controlled to be 40-120 ℃, the time is controlled to be 4-9 hours, the baking is carried out for the first time, the temperature is controlled to be 120 ℃ at 100-; baking after the 2 nd time at 40-80 deg.C, preferably 60-80 deg.C, 40-60 deg.C, and 4-7 hr, preferably 4-6 hr, and 6-7 hr.
And then putting the mixture into a depilator for depilation to control the surface of the polygonatum sibiricum not to be damaged due to depilation, putting the mixture into an oven for baking, further depilation, performing pile fermentation after 2-4 times of circulation, and then performing baking-depilation circulation for 1-3 times.
The sealwort is mutually collided through rolling in the depilating machine, so that the sealwort is gradually softened towards the center. In some embodiments, the epilation time is at most 80 minutes, the first epilation, the time is at most 5 minutes, the 2 nd and subsequent epilations, the time is 10-80 minutes, and the epilation time increases with the number of epilations. The depilating time of the 2 nd time is 15-25 minutes, the depilating time of the 3 rd time is 25-40 minutes, the depilating time of the 4 th time is 60-65 minutes, and the depilating time of the 5 th time is 65-70 minutes.
In some embodiments, the pile fermentation is carried out, the unhaired rhizoma polygonati is filled into a breathable container and is wrapped and sealed by a film for 20-60 hours; preferably 24-48 hours.
Embodiment 2:
the baking process of edible sealwort comprises the following steps:
a. digging, washing, drying in the sun, and drying to water content;
b. baking for the first time: and (b) putting the sealwort obtained in the step (a) into an oven for baking, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 120 ℃ and is optimally 110 ℃, and the time is 8 hours. The roasted meat is not cooked below 100 deg.C, and the roasted meat has scorched flavor above 120 deg.C.
c. Depilating for the first time: and c, putting the sealwort obtained in the step b into a depilating machine for depilating for at most 5 minutes, controlling the rotating speed of the depilating machine at 1600-.
d. And (5) baking for the second time: baking rhizoma Polygonati subjected to primary depilation for the second time at 60-80 deg.C, preferably 70 deg.C for 6 hr at most. The degree of ripeness can not be reached within 6 hours at the temperature of less than 60 ℃, the polysaccharide can not reach the requirement, and the polysaccharide can be baked to be dry at the temperature of more than 80 ℃.
e. And (3) depilating for the second time: and (3) putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the second time into a depilating machine for second depilating, wherein the time is 15-25 minutes, the optimal time is 15-20 minutes, the rotating speed of the depilating machine is controlled to 1800 plus materials at 2200 revolutions per minute, and the meat quality of the rhizoma polygonati can be cut off after more than 25 minutes.
f. And (3) baking for the third time: baking rhizoma Polygonati subjected to secondary depilation for the third time at 40-65 deg.C, preferably 50-60 deg.C, 55 deg.C for 6-7 hr, preferably 5 hr.
g. And (3) depilating for the third time: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the third time into a depilator for depilating for the third time, wherein the time is 35-40 minutes;
h. primary pile fermentation: putting the rhizoma Polygonati unhaired for the third time into a breathable basket, controlling the weight of each basket to be 30-40kg, wrapping and sealing with a film for 40-48 hours, preferably 44-45 hours, wherein the rhizoma Polygonati becomes mildewed after more than 48 hours and is cooked and not thorough within 40 hours;
fourth baking: roasting the rhizoma Polygonati after pile fermentation at 40-60 deg.C, preferably 45-55 deg.C, 50 deg.C for 4-6 hr, preferably 5 hr.
j. Fourth depilation: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the fourth time into a depilator for depilating for the fourth time, wherein the time is 60-65 minutes;
k. and (3) secondary pile fermentation: loading the rhizoma Polygonati depilated for the fourth time into air-permeable basket, controlling each basket at 30-40kg, and sealing with film for 40-50 hr, preferably 45 hr;
fifth depilation: and (3) putting the polygonatum subjected to the second pile fermentation into a depilating machine for depilating for the fifth time for 65-70 minutes, wherein the prepared polygonatum is golden yellow and transparent, and the maturity is over 90%.
Influence of baking-unhairing times on rhizoma Polygonati baking effect
| Number of baking-unhairing | Degree of well-being | Polysaccharide content |
| 1 | 10% | 10.5% |
| 2 | 30% | 12.5% |
| 3 | 60% | 13.5% |
| 4 | 75% | 14.8% |
| 5 | 90% | 15.5% |
| 6 | 95% | 16.1% |
| 7 | 96% | 16.1% |
The degree of ripeness is the degree of softness and transparency, expressed in percentage compared to the raw sperm of yellow; the polysaccharide content is determined by a phenol-concentrated sulfuric acid method.
Embodiment 3:
the processing method of the edible polygonatum tablet by adopting the edible polygonatum baking process firstly adopts the embodiment 1-2 of the invention to bake and saccharify the edible polygonatum to ensure that the water content is within 10 percent and the ripeness is at least 80 percent, and then adopts the following steps:
a, washing: putting the baked rhizoma polygonati into a depilator, and washing the rhizoma polygonati for 15-20 minutes by using clear water, wherein the skin of the rhizoma polygonati cannot be washed thoroughly.
b, draining and fermenting: and (3) putting the washed rhizoma polygonati into a bamboo basket, pouring water once every 2-4 hours, preferably 3 hours, pouring for 4-7 times, preferably 5-6 times, then fully sealing the bamboo basket by using a film for 8-10 hours to ensure that the maturity of the rhizoma polygonati reaches more than 95%. The rhizoma polygonati is placed in a bamboo basket for draining when separated, so that the respiration and the slow absorption of water of the rhizoma polygonati are facilitated, the fullness and the transparency of the rhizoma polygonati can be improved, and the full-closed fermentation is carried out after draining, so that the conversion of rhizoma polygonati substances can be promoted, the numb and astringent taste can be removed, and the sweetness can be increased. The adoption of the draining fermentation process can lead the sealwort with different ripeness degrees, different full shriveling degrees and different hardness and softness to be more than consistent through numerous experiments and failures, and lead the sealwort to be transparent and full; on the other hand, the palatability of the sealwort can be obviously improved, the next slicing is facilitated, and the yield is improved.
c. Slicing: slicing the drained and fermented rhizoma Polygonati into 1.4-2mm rhizoma Polygonati slices with a slicing machine. When the slice thickness is less than 1.4mm, a large amount of rhizoma polygonati slices can curl, and when the slice thickness is more than 2mm, the palatability is reduced and consumers do not like the slices.
d. Baking: b, placing the circular rhizoma polygonati slices prepared in the step b into a baking room for baking and drying, controlling the temperature at 50-60 ℃ for 6 hours, and drying until the water content is within 6%;
e. selecting slices, dividing the baked rhizoma Polygonati slices into four grades with diameters (the width of the irregular slices along the diameter direction of rhizoma Polygonati) of 1-1.4cm, 1.5-2.5 cm, 2.6-4.0 cm, and 4.1 cm. The value can be improved by about 3 times compared with classification and non-classification.
Influence of draining frequency on draining effect of rhizoma polygonati
| Number of times of draining | Degree of fullness% | The transparency is improved |
| 1 | 50 | 5 |
| 2 | 55 | 8 |
| 3 | 65 | 11 |
| 4 | 75 | 15 |
| 5 | 90 | 19 |
| 6 | 100 | 20 |
| 7 | 100 | 20 |
Influence of rhizoma Polygonati slice thickness on rhizoma Polygonati slice quality
| Thickness (mm) | Crimping rate% | Yield of finished products% | Palatability |
| 0.9 or less | 80 | 38 | In general |
| 1.0 | 70 | 50 | In general |
| 1.2 | 40 | 55 | In general |
| 1.3 | 30 | 62 | Is preferably used |
| 1.4 | 10 | 68 | Is preferably used |
| 1.5 | 0 | 72 | Optimization of |
| 1.6 | 0 | 72 | Optimization of |
| 1.7 | 0 | 72 | Not good enough |
| 1.8 | 0 | 72 | Not good enough |
| 1.9 | 0 | 72 | Discomfort |
| 2 or more | 0 | 72 | Discomfort |
Example 1: the edible sealwort baking process includes the steps of firstly, carrying out non-washing and airing on dug sealwort until the surface of the sealwort is tough; then baking the non-washed rhizoma Polygonati in oven, unhairing in unhairing machine to prevent damage of rhizoma Polygonati epidermis, baking in oven, unhairing again, circulating for 2 times, performing pile fermentation, and baking-unhairing for 1 time. Compared with the traditional processing method of nine times of steaming and nine times of drying, the embodiment can directly use the dug sealwort to bake, does not need to remove mud, beard and wash the sealwort, can keep the individual integrity of the sealwort, ensures that the baked sealwort has the advantages of ripeness of 75 percent, 14.8 percent of polysaccharide content, 10 percent of water content, golden yellow color, soft texture, mellow taste, obviously improved quality, more than 60 percent of reduction in production cost, no influence of weather and capability of realizing large-scale production.
Example 2: on the basis of the examples, i.e. after 1 roast-dehairing cycle, a further pile fermentation was carried out, followed by a final dehairing. The rest is the same as in example 1. The baking effect is further improved, compared with the traditional processing method of nine times of steaming and nine times of drying, the baked rhizoma polygonati can be directly baked by digging rhizoma polygonati without removing mud, beard and cleaning, the individual integrity of the rhizoma polygonati can be kept, the baked rhizoma polygonati has the well-done degree of 90 percent, the polysaccharide content of 15.5 percent, the water content of 9.8 percent, golden yellow color, transparent whole body, soft texture, sweet and mellow taste, the quality is obviously improved, the production cost is reduced by more than 58 percent, and the large-scale production can be realized.
Example 3: the edible sealwort baking process includes the steps of firstly, carrying out non-washing and airing on dug sealwort until the surface of the sealwort is tough; then baking the non-washed sealwort after airing in an oven at the temperature of 100 ℃ for 9 hours, then putting the sealwort into a depilating machine for depilation for 5 minutes, controlling the surface of the sealwort not to be damaged due to depilation, then performing baking-depilation for 2 cycles, controlling the baking temperature of the 1 st cycle at 80 ℃, the baking time of the 1 st cycle at 4 hours, the depilation time at 15 minutes, controlling the baking temperature of the 2 nd cycle at 40 ℃, the baking time of the 2 nd cycle at 7 hours, the depilation time at 40 minutes, then performing pile fermentation, putting the sealwort after depilation into an air-permeable container, wrapping and sealing the sealedsealedsealedwith a film, then performing baking-depilation for 1 cycle, controlling the baking temperature at 60 ℃, the baking time at 6 hours, and controlling the depilation time at 65 minutes. Compared with the traditional processing method of nine times of steaming and nine times of drying, the embodiment can directly use the dug sealwort to bake, does not need to remove mud, beard and wash the sealwort, can keep the individual integrity of the sealwort, ensures that the baked sealwort has the advantages of ripeness of more than 75 percent, 14.8 percent of polysaccharide content, 9.5 percent of water content, golden yellow color, soft texture, mellow taste, obviously improved quality, reduced production cost of more than 55 percent, no influence of weather and capability of realizing large-scale production.
Example 4: the edible sealwort baking process includes the steps of firstly, carrying out non-washing and airing on dug sealwort until the surface of the sealwort is tough; then placing the dried non-washed rhizoma polygonati into an oven for baking at the temperature of 120 ℃ for 7 hours, then placing the dried non-washed rhizoma polygonati into a depilating machine for depilating for 4 minutes, controlling the surface of the rhizoma polygonati not to be damaged due to depilation, baking-depilating at the temperature of 80 ℃ for 4 hours, controlling the depilating time to be 25 minutes, baking-depilating again at the baking temperature of 40 ℃ for 7 hours, controlling the depilating time to be 40 minutes, then carrying out pile fermentation, placing the depilated rhizoma polygonati into an air-permeable container, wrapping and sealing the air-permeable container with a film for 48 hours, then carrying out baking-depilating for 2 times of circulation, controlling the baking temperature at 50 ℃ for 5 hours, controlling the depilating time to be 60 minutes, then carrying out pile fermentation again, placing the depilated rhizoma polygonati into the air-permeable container, the film wrap seal was applied for 50 hours followed by a final depilation time of 65 minutes. Compared with the traditional processing method of nine times of steaming and nine times of drying, the embodiment can directly use the dug sealwort to bake, does not need to remove mud, beard and wash the sealwort, can keep the individual integrity of the sealwort, ensures that the baked sealwort has the ripeness of 95 percent, the polysaccharide content of 16.1 percent, the water content of 9 percent, golden yellow color, smooth and integral skin, transparent whole body, soft texture, sweet and mellow taste, obviously improved quality, reduced production cost by more than 45 percent, is not influenced by weather, and can realize large-scale production.
Example 5: the baking process of edible sealwort comprises the following steps:
a. carrying out non-washing and airing on the dug sealwort until the surface of the sealwort is tough;
b. baking for the first time: b, putting the sealwort obtained in the step a into an oven for baking, controlling the temperature at 100 ℃ and the time for 9 hours;
c. depilating for the first time: b, putting the sealwort obtained in the step b into a depilator for depilating for 5 minutes;
d. and (5) baking for the second time: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to the primary dehairing into an oven for secondary baking, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃ and the time for 6 hours;
e. and (3) depilating for the second time: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the second time into a depilator for depilating for a second time, wherein the time is 15 minutes;
f. and (3) baking for the third time: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to the second unhairing into an oven to be baked for the third time, controlling the temperature at 40 ℃ and the time at 7 hours;
g. and (3) depilating for the third time: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the third time into a depilator for depilating for the third time, wherein the time is 35 minutes;
h. primary pile fermentation: putting the rhizoma Polygonati unhaired for the third time into a breathable container, and wrapping and sealing for 40 hours by using a film;
i. fourth baking: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to pile fermentation into an oven to be baked for the fourth time, controlling the temperature at 40 ℃ and the time at 6 hours;
j. fourth depilation: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the fourth time into a depilator for depilating for the fourth time, wherein the time is 60 minutes;
k. and (3) secondary pile fermentation: putting the rhizoma Polygonati depilated for the fourth time into a breathable container, and sealing for 40 hours by using a film;
fifth baking: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to pile fermentation into an oven to be baked for the fifth time, controlling the temperature at 40 ℃ and the time for 4 hours;
m. fifth depilation: and (5) putting the polygonatum subjected to the second pile fermentation into a depilating machine for fifth depilation for 65 minutes to obtain the baked and saccharified edible polygonatum.
Compared with the traditional processing method of nine times of steaming and nine times of drying, the embodiment can directly dig the sealwort to be dried, the sealwort does not need to be deslimed, descaled and cleaned, the individual integrity of the sealwort can be kept, the ripeness degree of the dried sealwort can reach 90 percent, the polysaccharide content is 15.5 percent, the water content is 9 percent, the individual color of the sealwort is golden yellow, the surface is smooth and integral, the whole body is transparent, the texture is soft, the taste is sweet and mellow, the quality is obviously improved, the production cost is reduced by more than 50 percent, and the scale production can be realized.
Example 6: the baking process of edible sealwort comprises the following steps:
a. carrying out non-washing and airing on the dug sealwort until the surface of the sealwort is tough;
b. baking for the first time: b, putting the sealwort obtained in the step a into an oven for baking, controlling the temperature at 120 ℃ and the time for 7 hours;
c. depilating for the first time: b, putting the sealwort obtained in the step b into a depilator for depilating for 4 minutes;
d. and (5) baking for the second time: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to the primary dehairing into an oven for secondary baking, controlling the temperature at 80 ℃ and the time for 4 hours;
e. and (3) depilating for the second time: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the second time into a depilator for depilating for the second time, wherein the time is 25 minutes;
f. and (3) baking for the third time: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to the second unhairing into an oven for third baking, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃ and the time for 6 hours;
g. and (3) depilating for the third time: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the third time into a depilator for depilating for the third time, wherein the time is 40 minutes;
h. primary pile fermentation: putting the rhizoma Polygonati unhaired for the third time into a breathable container, and wrapping and sealing for 48 hours by using a film;
i. fourth baking: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to pile fermentation into an oven to be baked for the fourth time, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃ and the time for 4 hours;
j. fourth depilation: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the fourth time into a depilator for fourth depilating for 65 minutes;
k. and (5) fifth baking: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to pile fermentation into an oven to be baked for the fifth time, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃ and the time for 4 hours;
fifth depilation: putting the rhizoma polygonati after the second pile fermentation into a depilating machine for fifth depilation for 70 minutes,
m. second pile fermentation: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to fourth depilation into a breathable container, and wrapping and sealing the container for 50 hours by using a film;
n. sixth depilation: and (3) putting the polygonatum subjected to the second pile fermentation into a depilating machine for sixth depilation for 50 minutes to obtain the baked and saccharified edible polygonatum (shown in figure 1).
Compared with the traditional processing method of nine times of steaming and nine times of drying, the embodiment can directly use the dug sealwort to bake, does not need to remove mud, beard and wash the sealwort, can keep the individual integrity of the sealwort, ensures that the baked sealwort has the ripeness of 90 percent, has the polysaccharide content of 15.5 percent, the water content of 8.5 percent, has golden yellow color, smooth and integral skin, transparent whole body, soft texture, sweet and mellow taste, obviously improves the quality, reduces the production cost by more than 40 percent, is not influenced by weather, and can realize large-scale production.
Example 7: the baking process of edible sealwort comprises the following steps:
a. carrying out non-washing and airing on the dug sealwort until the surface of the sealwort is tough;
b. baking for the first time: and (b) putting the sealwort obtained in the step (a) into an oven for baking, controlling the temperature at 110 ℃ and keeping the time for 8 hours.
c. Depilating for the first time: b, putting the sealwort obtained in the step b into a depilator for depilating for 3 minutes;
d. and (5) baking for the second time: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to the primary dehairing into an oven for secondary baking, controlling the temperature at 70 ℃ and the time for 5 hours;
e. and (3) depilating for the second time: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the second time into a depilator for depilating for the second time, wherein the time is 20 minutes;
f. and (3) baking for the third time: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to the second unhairing into an oven for third baking, controlling the temperature at 55 ℃ and the time for 6 hours;
g. and (3) depilating for the third time: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the third time into a depilator for depilating for the third time, wherein the time is 40 minutes;
h. primary pile fermentation: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to the third depilation into a breathable container, and wrapping and sealing the container for 44 hours by using a film;
i. fourth baking: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to pile fermentation into an oven to be baked for the fourth time, controlling the temperature at 50 ℃ and the time at 5 hours;
j. fourth depilation: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the fourth time into a depilator for depilating for the fourth time, wherein the time is 60 minutes;
k. and (5) fifth baking: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to pile fermentation into an oven to be baked for the fifth time, controlling the temperature at 40 ℃ and the time for 4 hours;
fifth depilation: putting the rhizoma polygonati after the second pile fermentation into a depilating machine for fifth depilation for 60 minutes,
m. sixth baking: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to pile fermentation into an oven to be baked for the sixth time, controlling the temperature at 40 ℃ and the time for 4 hours;
n. sixth depilation: putting the polygonatum subjected to the second pile fermentation into a depilating machine for depilating for the sixth time, wherein the time is 50 minutes;
o. seventh baking: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to pile fermentation into an oven to be baked for the seventh time, controlling the temperature at 40 ℃ and the time for 4 hours;
p, second pile fermentation: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the seventh time into a breathable container, and wrapping and sealing the container for 46 hours by using a film;
q. seventh depilation: and (4) putting the polygonatum subjected to the second pile fermentation into a depilating machine for seventh depilation for 45 minutes to obtain the baked and saccharified edible polygonatum.
Compared with the traditional processing method of steaming and drying in nine times, the embodiment can directly dig the sealwort for drying, does not need to remove mud, beard and clean the sealwort, can keep the sealwort individual relatively complete, ensures that the cooked sealwort has the ripeness of 98 percent, the polysaccharide content of 16.1 percent and the water content of 8 percent, and ensures that the sealwort has yellow and black color and luster because of excessive baking-unhairing circulation, surface damage and polysaccharide overflow. Soft texture, mellow taste, production cost reduction of more than 30 percent, no influence of weather and large-scale production realization.
Example 8: the processing method of the edible rhizoma polygonati tablet by adopting the edible rhizoma polygonati baking process adopts the rhizoma polygonati prepared in the embodiments 1-7 as the raw material and comprises the following steps:
a. washing: putting the baked and saccharified sealwort into a depilator, and washing the sealwort for 20 minutes by using clear water, wherein the epidermis can not be washed thoroughly.
b. Draining and fermenting: putting the washed rhizoma polygonati into a bamboo basket, pouring water once every 3 hours, fully sealing the bamboo basket by using a film after pouring for 5 times, and keeping the time for 8 hours to ensure that the maturity of the rhizoma polygonati is over 97 percent;
c. slicing: slicing the drained and fermented rhizoma polygonati into 1.4mm rhizoma polygonati slices by using a slicing machine; the shape of the rhizoma polygonati sheet is basically the same as the shape of the top view of the rhizoma polygonati when the rhizoma polygonati sheet is laid flat.
d. And (3) drying: c, drying the circular rhizoma polygonati slices prepared in the step b in a baking room, controlling the temperature at 50 ℃ for 6 hours, and drying until the water content is within 6%;
e. selecting tablets, dividing the dried rhizoma Polygonati slices into four grades with diameters (width of rhizoma Polygonati slices along diameter direction of rhizoma Polygonati) of 1-1.4cm, 1.5-2.5 cm, 2.6-4.0 cm, and 4.1 cm.
The prepared polygonatum tablet has the rolling rate of only 10 percent, the yield of 68 percent, golden yellow color, glittering and translucent property, is mostly flat and smooth, has no rough and astringent taste, has no additive, can be directly eaten, and has pure natural sweet and mellow taste.
Example 9: the processing method of the edible rhizoma polygonati tablet by adopting the edible rhizoma polygonati baking process adopts the rhizoma polygonati prepared in the embodiments 1-7 as the raw material and comprises the following steps:
a. washing: putting the baked and saccharified sealwort into a depilator, and washing the sealwort for 15 minutes by using clear water, wherein the principle is that the epidermis cannot be washed thoroughly.
b. Draining and fermenting: putting the washed rhizoma polygonati into a bamboo basket, spraying water once every 2 hours, spraying for 7 times, and totally sealing the bamboo basket by using a film for 10 hours to ensure that the maturity of the rhizoma polygonati is over 98 percent;
c. slicing: slicing the drained and fermented rhizoma Polygonati into rhizoma Polygonati slices (wet slices) of 1.5mm by a slicing machine;
d. and (3) drying: c, drying the circular rhizoma polygonati slices prepared in the step b in a baking room, controlling the temperature at 60 ℃ for 5 hours, and drying until the water content is within 6%;
e. selecting slices, dividing dried rhizoma Polygonati slices into four grades with diameter of 1-1.4cm, 1.5-2.5 cm, 2.6-4.0 cm, and 4.1 cm or more.
The prepared rhizoma polygonati tablet (shown in figure 2) has no curl, the yield is 72%, the color is golden yellow, the rhizoma polygonati tablet is glittering and translucent, flat and smooth, has no rough and astringent taste, has no additives, can be directly eaten, and has pure natural sweet and mellow taste.
The devices used in the above embodiments are commercially available products, wherein the slicer is a general-purpose slicer manufactured by the mechanical factory, lukeze, shodong, of the shodong province, and the depilator is a hair roller machine of the model AD-1200 manufactured by the mechanical science and technology ltd, andongan. Other similar devices with the same function can be used instead.
The embodiment of the invention solves the problems in the prior art, and can carry out integral saccharification on sealwort with different rootstocks and different old and tender degrees by keeping the original shape, so that the sealwort can meet the requirement of direct eating; before processing, the rhizoma polygonati does not need to be subjected to root removal, mud removal and cleaning, so that the time and labor are saved, the labor cost is saved, and the damage to the rhizoma polygonati caused by root removal, mud removal and cleaning is avoided; the polygonatum sibiricum can be gradually and effectively softened from the outside to the inside by adopting multi-temperature section drying, so that the optimal drying and cooking effect is achieved, the cooking effect is further improved through draining and fermenting, the conversion of effective substances is promoted, the numb taste in the polygonatum sibiricum is removed, the polygonatum sibiricum is mellow and full, and the polygonatum sibiricum is beneficial to slicing. The slice thickness is controlled to be 1.4-1.6mm, the curling is prevented, the yield is improved, and the product value is improved by about 3 times through grading. The prepared rhizoma polygonati tablets do not contain any colorant, sweetener and preservative, are golden in color, natural and sweet in taste and are pure natural and excellent products.
While the invention has been described with respect to specific embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing and other changes, omissions and deviations in the form and detail thereof may be made without departing from the scope of this invention. Those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention; meanwhile, any equivalent changes, modifications and alterations of the above embodiments according to the spirit and techniques of the present invention are also within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (16)
1. The baking process of the edible rhizoma polygonati is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, the dug-back sealwort is subjected to non-washing and airing until the epidermis is tough; then baking the non-washed sealwort after airing in an oven, then putting the sealwort into a depilator for depilation, controlling the surface of the sealwort not to be damaged due to depilation, baking and depilation, performing pile fermentation after multiple times of circulation, and then performing multiple times of baking-depilation circulation.
2. The baking process of edible rhizoma Polygonati according to claim 1, wherein: after the roasting-unhairing cycle, the pile fermentation is carried out again, followed by the final unhairing.
3. The baking process of edible rhizoma Polygonati according to claim 1, wherein: the baking is carried out at the temperature of 40-120 ℃ for 4-9 hours, the baking is carried out for the first time at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ for 7-9 hours, and the baking is carried out after the 2 nd time at the temperature of 40-80 ℃ for 4-7 hours.
4. The baking process of edible rhizoma Polygonati according to claim 1, wherein: the depilating time is at most 80 minutes, the depilating time is at least 5 minutes, the depilating time is 10-80 minutes after the first depilating time, and the depilating time is correspondingly increased along with the increase of the depilating times.
5. The baking process of edible rhizoma Polygonati according to claim 4, wherein: the depilating time for the 2 nd time is 15-25 minutes, the depilating time for the 3 rd time is 25-40 minutes, the depilating time for the 4 th time is 60-65 minutes, and the depilating time for the 5 th time and later is 40-70 minutes.
6. The baking process of edible rhizoma Polygonati according to claim 1, wherein: and baking and unhairing for 2-4 times.
7. The baking process of edible rhizoma Polygonati according to claim 1, wherein: the process is followed by a number of bake-dehairing cycles, from 1 to 3.
8. The baking process of edible rhizoma polygonati according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the baking process comprises the following steps: and (3) performing pile fermentation, namely filling the unhaired rhizoma polygonati into a breathable container, and wrapping and sealing the container for 30-60 hours, preferably 24-48 hours by using a film.
9. The baking process of the edible rhizoma polygonati is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
a. carrying out non-washing and airing on the dug sealwort until the surface of the sealwort is tough;
b. baking for the first time: b, putting the sealwort in the step a into an oven for baking, controlling the temperature at 120 ℃ for 100-;
c. depilating for the first time: b, putting the sealwort obtained in the step b into a depilator for depilating for at most 5 minutes;
d. and (5) baking for the second time: placing the rhizoma Polygonati subjected to primary depilation into an oven for secondary baking at 60-80 deg.C, preferably 70 deg.C for 6 hr at most;
e. and (3) depilating for the second time: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the second time into a depilator for depilating for the second time, wherein the time is 15-25 minutes, and preferably 15-20 minutes;
f. and (3) baking for the third time: placing the rhizoma Polygonati depilated for the second time into an oven to bake for the third time, controlling the temperature at 40-65 deg.C, preferably 50-60 deg.C, 55 deg.C, for 6-7 hr, preferably 5 hr;
g. and (3) depilating for the third time: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the third time into a depilator for depilating for the third time, wherein the time is 35-40 minutes;
h. primary pile fermentation: placing the rhizoma Polygonati in a gas-permeable container, wrapping with film, and sealing for 40-48 hr, preferably 44-45 hr;
i. fourth baking: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to pile fermentation into an oven to be baked for the fourth time, wherein the temperature is controlled to be 40-60 ℃, preferably 45-55 ℃, 50 ℃ and the time is 4-6 hours and 5 hours;
j. fourth depilation: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the fourth time into a depilator for depilating for the fourth time, wherein the time is 60-65 minutes;
k. and (3) secondary pile fermentation: putting the rhizoma Polygonati in a breathable container, and sealing with film for 40-50 hr, preferably 45 hr;
fifth depilation: and (4) putting the polygonatum subjected to the second pile fermentation into a depilating machine for fifth depilation for 65-70 minutes to obtain the baked and saccharified edible polygonatum.
10. The processing method of the edible rhizoma polygonati tablet by adopting the edible rhizoma polygonati baking process is characterized by comprising the following steps of: firstly, the dug-back sealwort is subjected to non-washing and airing until the epidermis is tough; then baking the non-washed rhizoma polygonati after airing in an oven, then putting the non-washed rhizoma polygonati into a depilator for depilation, then putting the non-washed rhizoma polygonati into the oven for baking, circulating for 2-4 times, performing pile fermentation, and then performing baking-depilation circulation for at least 1-3 times to ensure that the water content of the rhizoma polygonati is within 10 percent and the thoroughly-cooked degree is at least 80 percent, and then adopting the following steps:
a. washing: putting the baked and saccharified rhizoma polygonati into a depilator, and washing with clear water, wherein the principle is to prevent the epidermis from being washed thoroughly;
b. draining and fermenting: putting the washed rhizoma polygonati into a breathable container, draining for many times at intervals, and then sealing the container by using a film until the thoroughly-permeable degree of the rhizoma polygonati reaches more than 95%;
c. slicing: slicing the drained and fermented rhizoma Polygonati into rhizoma Polygonati slices of 1.4-2mm, preferably 1.5-1.6 mm;
d. and (3) drying: and d, putting the round rhizoma polygonati slices prepared in the step c into a curing barn for drying, controlling the temperature at 50-60 ℃, drying until the water content is within 6 percent, and then carrying out grading packaging.
11. The method for processing edible rhizoma polygonati slices by adopting the edible rhizoma polygonati baking process according to claim 10, is characterized by comprising the following steps: performing pile fermentation again after baking-unhairing circulation, and then performing final unhairing for 1 time to make rhizoma Polygonati water content within 10% and thoroughly ripeness at least up to 80%.
12. The method for processing edible rhizoma polygonati slices by adopting the edible rhizoma polygonati baking process according to claim 10, is characterized by comprising the following steps: the washing: putting the baked rhizoma polygonati into a depilator, and washing for 15-20 minutes by using clear water.
13. The method for processing edible rhizoma polygonati slices by adopting the edible rhizoma polygonati baking process according to claim 10, is characterized by comprising the following steps: and (3) draining and fermenting: and (3) putting the washed rhizoma polygonati into a bamboo basket, pouring water once every 2-4 hours, and totally sealing the bamboo basket by using a film after pouring for 4-7 times for 8-10 hours.
14. The processing method of the edible rhizoma polygonati tablet by adopting the edible rhizoma polygonati baking process is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps:
a. carrying out non-washing and airing on the dug sealwort until the surface of the sealwort is tough;
b. baking for the first time: b, putting the sealwort obtained in the step a into an oven for baking, controlling the temperature at 120 ℃ for 7-9 hours;
c. depilating for the first time: b, putting the sealwort obtained in the step b into a depilator for depilating for at most 3 minutes;
d. and (5) baking for the second time: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to the primary depilation into an oven for secondary baking, controlling the temperature at 60-80 ℃ and the time at most 6 hours;
e. and (3) depilating for the second time: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the second time into a depilator for depilating for the second time, wherein the time is 13-16 minutes;
f. and (3) baking for the third time: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to the second depilation into an oven to be baked for the third time, controlling the temperature at 40-60 ℃ and the time at 6-7 hours;
g. and (3) depilating for the third time: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the third time into a depilator for depilating for the third time, wherein the time is 35-40 minutes;
h. primary pile fermentation: putting the rhizoma Polygonati unhaired for the third time into a breathable container, and wrapping and sealing with a film for 40-48 hours;
i. fourth baking: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to pile fermentation into an oven to be baked for the fourth time, controlling the temperature at 40-60 ℃ and the time at 4-6 hours;
j. fourth depilation: putting the rhizoma polygonati baked for the fourth time into a depilator for depilating for the fourth time, wherein the time is 60-65 minutes;
k. and (3) secondary pile fermentation: putting the rhizoma Polygonati depilated for the fourth time into a breathable container, and wrapping and sealing with a film for 40-50 hours;
fifth depilation: putting the rhizoma polygonati subjected to the second pile fermentation into a depilating machine for fifth depilation for 65-70 minutes to obtain baked and saccharified edible rhizoma polygonati;
m. washing: putting the baked and saccharified rhizoma polygonati into a depilator, and washing the rhizoma polygonati for 15-20 minutes by using clear water, wherein the principle is to prevent the epidermis from being washed to be rotten;
n, draining and fermenting: putting the washed rhizoma polygonati into a breathable container, draining for many times at intervals, and then sealing the container by using a film until the permeability of the rhizoma polygonati reaches more than 95%;
o. slicing: slicing the drained and fermented rhizoma Polygonati into rhizoma Polygonati slices of 1.5-1.6 mm;
p, drying: and (e) putting the circular rhizoma polygonati slices prepared in the step (o) into a curing barn for drying, controlling the temperature to be 50-60 ℃, drying until the water content is within 6%, and then carrying out grading packaging.
15. The processing method of edible rhizoma polygonati slices by adopting the edible rhizoma polygonati baking process as claimed in claim 14, wherein the processing method comprises the following steps: and (3) draining and fermenting: and (3) putting the washed rhizoma polygonati into a breathable container, pouring water once every 2-4 hours, and totally sealing the bamboo basket by using a film after 3-7 times of pouring for 8-10 hours.
16. The processing method of edible rhizoma polygonati slices by adopting the edible rhizoma polygonati baking process as claimed in claim 14, wherein the processing method comprises the following steps: and (3) draining and fermenting: and (3) putting the washed rhizoma polygonati into a bamboo basket, pouring water once every 3 hours, and totally sealing the bamboo basket by using a thin film after pouring for 5 times, wherein the time is 9-10 hours.
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